scholarly journals Implementation of Technical and Technological Progress in Dairy Production

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2103
Author(s):  
Marek Gaworski
Keyword(s):  
Technological Progress ◽  
Dairy Production ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Human Labor ◽  
Value Range ◽  
Technological Index ◽  
Index Level ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Machine Work

The involvement of people and technical devices is a characteristic feature of technological processes in agriculture. Human access to modernized and more efficient technical equipment determines the differentiation of the proportions of the contributions of human labor and technical equipment to the implementation of production technology on farms. Taking into account the data on manual and machine work inputs, the methodology of determining the technological index level (TL) was presented. The aim of the present study was to present the scope of use of the technological index level to assess the effects of technological progress in the dairy production system, with particular emphasis on cow milking. For the value range of the technological index level (0–100%), changes in the milkman’s work efficiency were presented based on research carried out on farms equipped with milking equipment at different levels of technical advancement. Moreover, the course of changes in electricity and water consumption per liter of milk was determined in association with the technological index level. The issue of simultaneous implementation of various forms of progress was developed based on the example of milking cows with a milking robot. Five categories (ranges) of cows’ milk yield were distinguished and compared with the current yields of cows in the European Union. On this basis, a discussion was initiated on the factors that facilitate and limit the implementation of technical and technological progress in dairy production.

scholarly journals Aircraft Requirements for Sustainable Regional Aviation

Aerospace ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Dominik Eisenhut ◽  
Nicolas Moebs ◽  
Evert Windels ◽  
Dominique Bergmann ◽  
Ingmar Geiß ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systems Engineering ◽  
System Level ◽  
Policy Initiative ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Figures Of Merit ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
High Level ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
The Eu

Recently, the new Green Deal policy initiative was presented by the European Union. The EU aims to achieve a sustainable future and be the first climate-neutral continent by 2050. It targets all of the continent’s industries, meaning aviation must contribute to these changes as well. By employing a systems engineering approach, this high-level task can be split into different levels to get from the vision to the relevant system or product itself. Part of this iterative process involves the aircraft requirements, which make the goals more achievable on the system level and allow validation of whether the designed systems fulfill these requirements. Within this work, the top-level aircraft requirements (TLARs) for a hybrid-electric regional aircraft for up to 50 passengers are presented. Apart from performance requirements, other requirements, like environmental ones, are also included. To check whether these requirements are fulfilled, different reference missions were defined which challenge various extremes within the requirements. Furthermore, figures of merit are established, providing a way of validating and comparing different aircraft designs. The modular structure of these aircraft designs ensures the possibility of evaluating different architectures and adapting these figures if necessary. Moreover, different criteria can be accounted for, or their calculation methods or weighting can be changed.

scholarly journals Identyfikacja głównych determinant rozwoju rolnictwa w krajach Unii Europejskie

2018 ◽  
Vol 18(33) (3) ◽  
pp. 342-352
Author(s):  
Jadwiga Zaród
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Agricultural Income ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Discriminatory Analysis ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
The Eu

The level of agricultural development in the EU countries is varies significantly. The knowledge of factors directly affecting changes in agriculture can contribute to reducing disparities between countries. The purpose of this study is to indicate the main factors which determine agricultural development in the European Union. To implement this task, the discriminant analysis was used. The research material were data from the GUS and EUROSTAT regarding agriculture in EU countries. The research shows that the development of agriculture in the EU is determined in particular by factors such as the share of sowing of cereals in the total area of arable land, consumption expenditure in households, labor productivity and agricultural income. In addition, the discriminatory analysis allowed assigning particular countries to groups with different levels of agricultural development.

Space, Mobility and Legitimacy

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ettore Recchi
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
International Travel ◽  
The European Union ◽  
International Mobility ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
History Of ◽  
Widespread Phenomenon

While migration has always existed, and its consequences have always been important, few people have lived a mobile life in the history of mankind. Population immobility has recurrently been part and parcel of political strategies of social control and domination. Since the second half of the 20th century, however, the extent of geographical movements of individuals has expanded enormously. In particular, the size and scope of international travel has increased at an exponential pace. Favored by globalization and technological progress, transnationalism, initially linked to migration, has emerged as a relatively widespread phenomenon that involves a growing portion of the general population, especially, but not only, in developed countries. Mainly on the basis of research carried out in Europe, there is evidence that transnational practices tend to strengthen cosmopolitanism and the legitimacy of supranational polities (particularly the European Union [EU]), while it is less clear whether they entail denationalization. Further research is needed to improve the quality of independent and dependent variables in this area and assess the effect of international mobility and transnationalism outside the European context.

scholarly journals Modeling of the Accidentality Phenomenon in the Construction Industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bożena Hoła ◽  
Mariusz Szóstak
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Critical Path ◽  
Occupational Accidents ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Large Set ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Computer Knowledge ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Accident Scenarios ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the conducted research was to develop a methodology of investigating the accidentality phenomenon in the construction industry, which is considered as a process that is created by a sequence of accidents occurring at discrete periods of time and at various construction sites in terms of their location, construction, and technical equipment. In order to investigate the circumstances of accidents, a methodology developed by the European Statistical Office of the European Union (ESAW) was used during the research. The basic elements of the proposed methodology is the IT database (computer knowledge database (CKD)), which includes information about the circumstances and causes of accidents and also constitutes a repository for the collected data, as well as a graphic and IT model of the accident process in the form of a directed graph. In order to detect the characteristic features of the accidentality phenomenon in the construction industry, a simulation of a sequence that consists of 485 occupational accidents that occurred in 2008–2016 in five Polish voivodeships was carried out. The conducted research and analysis allowed the most common accident scenarios that occur in the construction industry to be identified, as well as the probability of their occurrence and the critical path in the graph that indicates the most accident-causing activities to be determined. The proposed model is important for construction practice. Based on a large set of data on accidents included in the CKD, it is possible to study the impact of the following on the accidentality phenomenon: Technologies used in the construction industry, the types of carried out construction works, and the methods used to organize work and equipment.

Effects of feeding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on productive performance and blood components of lactating Holstein dairy cows

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 106-106
Author(s):  
M. Dehghan Banadaky ◽  
A. Nik Khah ◽  
A. Zali
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dairy Production ◽  
Yeast Culture ◽  
Blood Components ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Natural Modes ◽  
Animal Feeding ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Holstein Dairy Cows

Antibiotics have widely been used in animal feeding. However, because of the growing concern of consumers towards more natural modes of production, interest in the use of direct fed microbials is now considerable. In dairy production, the Yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) has been studied and used. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae SC47) on productive performonce of Holstein dairy cows.

EVALUATION OF PROCESSES OF CONCENTRATION BUSINESS ENTITIES IN PROCESSING OF ANIMAL-BASED PRODUCTS IN POLAND

2018 ◽  
Vol XIX (6) ◽  
pp. 62-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Chechelski
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Work Efficiency ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Animal Product ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Stable Employment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The aim of the article is to assess the level and directions of changes in the subjective structures of animal products processing in the food industry in Poland in 2004 -2015. Considerations were started from the comparison of changes in the subjective structures of the food industry in Poland and the European Union. In the following, changes in the share of individual groups of enterprises were presented, both in the total number of entities, average employment, and in the value of sold production, and the impact of these changes on labor productivity in the analyzed groups of enterprises. Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that the integration processes with the EU and globalization have had a significant impact on the concentration processes in the animal product industries (investments in modernization and adjustment of production to Community requirements). The process of changes in entity structures in this segment was faster than in the entire food industry and was diversified in the industry. The improvement of work efficiency was the result of more production, with relatively stable employment, but also the increase in the technical equipment of work.

scholarly journals METHODOLOGIC ELEMENTS NECESSARY IN MAKING FORECASTS FOR REGIONAL

2008 ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Dumitru Timerman ◽  
Mihai Deju
Keyword(s):  
Public Investment ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Structural Funds ◽  
Potential Development ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Regional Economic Disparities ◽  
Regional Forecasts ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Global Data

Regional picture appear two Romanians: a richer, which includes the Bucharest-Ilfov, West and Center and a poor, other regions. Among the most competitive districts are Ilfov (8. 553 euro per capita), Timiş (7. 931 euro per capita), Braşov (7. 108 euro per capita), Arad (6. 675 euro per capita), Cluj (6. 561 euro per capita), Constanta (6. 368 euro per capita), and among the poorest - Botosani (2. 745 euro per capita) and Vaslui (2. 930 euro per capita). According to a report by the National Prognosis Commission (CNP), while Bucharest-Ilfov region will have a GDP per capita of 11. 694 euros next year, the Northeast will remain poverty pole, 3. 826 euro per capita. Economists argue that, if not reduce disparities, mainly through public investment, we could assist in disruption of important social and economic environment. Lowering differences would include the maintenance of close growth rates of GDP / capita, and these important gaps. Economic analysts draw attention to the dangers which may arise due to different levels of development. Develop forecasts in territorial - at regional or county-is a necessary and useful approach in the perspective of Romania in the European Union. From this point of the assessment of regional economic disparities and the potential development of each area provides an important support kinesiology orientation and use with maximum efficiency of the structural funds and cohesion funds that Romania will benefit by integrating. Regional forecasts provide information on possible future development, with employment in the global data of the national economy as a whole.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF GLYCERIN ON RHEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MARZIPAN PASTES WITH DRY MINERALIZED WHEY

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
Mihailo Kravchenko ◽  
Dina Fedorova ◽  
Larysa Rybchuk ◽  
Roman Romanenko ◽  
Vladimir Piddubnyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technological Process ◽  
Total Mass ◽  
Gradual Decrease ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Rheological Characteristics ◽  
Deformation Characteristics ◽  
Technological Solution ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Glycerin Concentration ◽  
Different Levels

There is studied the influence of glycerin on rheological characteristics of marzipan pastes with dry demineralized whey (DDW) for determining its rational concentration in the composition of decorative semi-products PKV and MFV. PKV – marzipan pastes with DDW, used for covering confectionary products and as an interlayer; MFV – marzipan pastes with DDW, used for making candies and modeling figured products. According to research results, it has been established, that an increase of a glycerin concentration in the composition of model mixtures of marzipan pastes PKV (20 % of DDW) and MFV (30 % of DDW) results in decreasing deformation characteristics of a reversible type. Irreversible deformation is constant and doesn’t depend on glycerin concentration. According to results of the analysis of main rheological constants by a diapason of glycerin concentrations, there has been established a gradual decrease of indices of a highly elastic and conventionally instant resilience module of model compositions of marzipan pastes PKV (20 % of DDW) and MFV (30 % of DDW). Viscosity indices of a resilient aftereffect and pliability gradually grow with an increase of a glycerin concentration in the composition of model marzipan pastes PKV (20 % of DDW) and MFV (30 % of DDW). Research results testify that the use of glycerin in the composition of marzipan pastes PKV (20 % of DDW) and MFV (30 % of DDW) gives a possibility to increase their elasticity and softness, at that keeping high forming properties. The conducted studies have proved the availability of producing marzipan pastes with DDW and glycerin. There has been substantiated the rational content of glycerin in the composition of marzipan pastes with DDW that allows to provide given (desirable) rheological characteristics. The rational concentration of glycerin in the composition of marzipan pastes PKV (20 % of DDW), used for covering floury and confectionary products and as an interlayer is 5 % of the total mass of recipe components. The rational concentration of glycerin in the composition of marzipan pastes MFV (30 % of DDW), used for making candies, modeling figured products is 5 % of the total mass of recipe components. An improved technological solution doesn’t complicate the general technological process and doesn’t need the additional technical equipment. Rheological characteristics of the developed marzipan pastes correspond to directions of the technological destination and allow to decorate floury confectionary products with different levels of technological complication, providing the maximal beauty of ready products.

scholarly journals Factors affecting the development of the Bioeconomy in Latvia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aina Muska ◽  
◽  
Andra Zvirbule ◽  
Irina Pilvere ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Endogenous Factors ◽  
Exogenous Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Total Impact

In the European Union, including Latvia, the development of the bioeconomy by exploiting the potential of research, innovation and knowledge transfer is considered to be the basis for economic growth. The research aims to assess the drivers of and barriers to bioeconomic development in Latvia and define actions facilitating the development of the national bioeconomy. The present research employed mostly SWOT analysis in combination with expert judgement. The research concluded that the overall trend in the following strengths of the bioeconomy: Research infrastructure and modern technical equipment for the development of the bioeconomic knowledge base (3S) and Vast regional coverage of and cooperation among leading research institutions in the field of bioeconomics (1S) was negative, as the total impact of the threats exceeded the total impact of the opportunities. However, the overall trend in the strength Extensive initial activities and the knowledge base for bioeconomic research (2S) was positive, as the total impact of the opportunities exceeded the total impact of the threats. The total impact of exogenous factors on the weaknesses in the development of the bioeconomy was positive; therefore, the total impact of exogenous factors tended to weaken the weaknesses. Since the largest positive impacts on endogenous factors were made by the following opportunities: Effective support for independent innovation projects implemented by large companies (3O) and Stimulation of innovation in the small and medium enterprise sector in active synergy with national research priorities and available funding (2IO), it is necessary to increase government and private sector funding for R&D in order to contribute to the development of the bioeconomy in Latvia. The availability of funding should be balanced and predictable in the long term to reduce the impact of the threat Public policies and insufficient and unpredictable funding for research and development hinder the development of bioeconomy industries and steady growth opportunities (2T). To encourage the business sector to invest in R&D, including in the bioeconomy industries, public support and various incentives for entrepreneurs are needed.

scholarly journals FREE ECONOMIC ZONES AND DEVELOPMENT OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA IN THE EUROINTEGRATION PROCESS

HERALD ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Goran Popović ◽  
Milimir Lojović ◽  
Ognjen Erić
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Development Model ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
The Common ◽  
Economic Zones ◽  
The Eu

Free zones are the way for increasing the production, export and employment. In some, globally significant economies, free zones are the factor of growth and technological progress. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, the field of free zones has appropriate legislation, but the economic results are still minor. In EU, free zones are important for economic development, especially in certain regions. The issue of free zones is being handled within the communitarian legislation, through customs' and other regulations. The regulations of the protection of competition are especially important because the privileges in zones are contrary to the rule of protection of competition in the common market. From Ruding's report and Primarolo group to the present, the Union is making efforts to harmonize these opposites. The EU has affirmed the development model of free zones opening. Bosnia and Herzegovina is at the stage of European integration, at which, in the mid-2015 Bosnia and Herzegovina came into the full implementation of the Stabilization and Association Agreement (SAA). It's appliaction will also change the circumstances in the opening of free zones and inflows of Foreign direct investment (FDI). It is realistic to expect that the EU will show low level of interest for investing into free zones in Bosnia and Herzegvina, while the interest of non-european countries, especially Asian countries, will be increased. Free zones in Bosnia and Herzegovina could become the bridge for better transfer of goods and technologies into the European Union.

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