Factors Affecting the Perception and Practice of Iranian Nomadic and Semi-Nomadic Pastoralists in Regard to Biosecurity Practices in Sheep and Goat Farms: A Cross-Sectional and Prospective Study

Preventing the spread of diseases between and within farms (biosecurity) is essential for minimizing animal mortality and morbidity, as well as for reducing the risk of spread of zoonotic diseases. These effects are even greater in countries such as Iran, which have to deal with multiple ongoing epidemics of infectious disease. However, there is currently no published information about biosecurity practices on sheep and goat farms in Iran in published research. The aim of this study was to collect such information and to identify some of the factors affecting biosecurity practices. Data were gathered using a checklist and in-depth interviews with 99 nomadic and semi-nomadic pastoralists. Regression analysis was used to identify the relationships between the collected variables and the biosecurity scores. The results showed that neither within- nor between-farm disease prevention measures were appropriately applied on most farms (median total score of total biosecurity was 37.3/90; Q1 = 29.0 and Q3 = 44.7). Almost all the farmers reported slaughtering animals on farms and nobody properly disposed of the bodies of the dead animals. Additionally, the majority of the participants did not disinfect the umbilical cords of newborns. Of the collected variables, the annual mortality rate was associated with most within-farm biosecurity practices. The increase in annual mortality rates was associated with the regular cleaning of troughs (p = 0.03), preventing feed and water from being contaminated by urine and feces (p = 0.02), providing a clean and dry place for animals to rest (p = 0.05) and disinfecting the navel cord (p = 0.03). The results of this survey suggest that there is a clear need for extension programs to enhance Iranian and sheep and goat farmers’ perceptions and practices regarding biosecurity measures.

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Factors Affecting Nursing Ability To Know Acute Coroner Syndrome In Emergency Installation

Journal Of Nursing Practice ◽

10.30994/jnp.v2i1.44 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 64-72

Author(s):

Agus Riyadi ◽

Karmiati Karmiati

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽

Emergency Services ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Research Education ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

Coronary Syndromes ◽

Almost All

Background: Coronary heart disease is the most cardiovascular disease that causes death in the world. The ability of nurses to recognize acute coronary syndromes is very necessary as part of the emergency services team. Purpose : The purpose of this study was to determine the description of the factors that influence the ability of nurses to know acute coronary syndrome in the emergency department of dr. Iskak Tulungagung. Methods : The design of this research is descriptive analytic with a cross sectional approach with the population of all nurses who work in the Emergency Department of dr. Iskak Tulungagung. The population is 55 nurses. The sample is all of the population, namely 55 respondents with total sampling sampling techniques. The data that has been collected is processed by a statistical test of Multivariate Analysis, Ordinal Regression with significance α = 0.05. Result : The results showed that most of the respondents with D3 education were 33 respondents (60.0%), almost all respondents had never attended ECG training in the amount of 50 respondents (90.9%) and almost half of the respondents had a working period of 2-5 year is 25 respondents (45.5%). The results of the regression regression analysis showed that the p-value = 0.855 on the education factor which means that H0 was accepted, the p-value = 0.041 in the training factor which means H1 is received, the p-value = 0.003 on the working period, which means that H1 is accepted Conclusion : Based on research, education does not affect the ability to recognize acute coronary syndrome. The education obtained will develop according to the increase in the work period and the frequent training that is obtained and practiced directly in real situations

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Clinical profile, etiology, management and outcome of serum sodium disturbances in children admitted in PICU

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20172445 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 2546

Author(s):

Balaji Jayakumar ◽

Ekambaranath Sambasivam

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Pediatric Intensive Care ◽

Urine Osmolality ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Sick Children ◽

Almost All

Background: Sodium disorders are common in children who need intensive care, they occur in variety of conditions, may remain unrecognized if not suspected and monitored and result in morbidity and mortality irrespective of primary problem. The aim of the study is to know etiology, management and outcome of sodium disturbances in sick children admitted to pediatric intensive care unit to Institute of Social Pediatrics Stanley Medical College.Methods: This is a hospital based cross sectional study. Two hundred and twenty-seven children in the age group of 1month to 12 years admitted in PICU over the period of 8 months were included in the study. Venous blood sampling is obtained from each patient enrolled in the study and is sent for estimation of electrolytes, blood urea, glucose levels. Serum osmolality (calculated), urine osmolality, urine spot sodium were done in selected patients.Results: Among the 227 children studied, 85 children had sodium disturbances that included both hyponatremia (80 children) and hypernatremia (5 children) The most common cause of hyponatremia is CNS disorder 25 patients (31.25%) followed by poisoning 17.Conclusions: Hyponatremia occurs frequently and should be looked for in all sick children. It is of hypotonic- euvolemic type in almost all the acute infections except diarrhea and should be managed accordingly. They contribute significantly to the mortality and morbidity.

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Factors Affecting Covid-19 Disease Prevention Behavior in Bandar Lampung, Indonesia

JOURNAL FOR QUALITY IN PUBLIC HEALTH ◽

10.30994/jqph.v4i1.129 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 140-146

Author(s):

Nova Nurwinda Sari ◽

Annisa Agata ◽

Armen Patria

Keyword(s):

Disease Prevention ◽

Respiratory Infections ◽

P Value ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Prevention Measures ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Validity Data ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Prevention Behavior

Coronavirus Disease 19 or what we know as Covid-19 is a disease caused by coronavirus that can cause respiratory infections with mild to severe symptoms. Covid-19 disease can be prevented by the community if the community implements covid prevention measures such as using masks, diligently washing hands and keeping a distance. Preliminary preliminary survey note that the majority of respondents have not implemented the co-19 prevention behavior properly. The purpose of this study was to analyze factors that influence co-19 prevention behavior in Bandar Lampung. This research is a quantitative study with a descriptive analytic cross sectional design. The population and research sample using cluster sampling namely using 10 regions included in the Bandar Lampung area of 100 respondents. The research instrument used questionnaire sheets that had been tested for validity. Data analysis using chi square test. The results obtained data that there is a relationship between age (p-value 0.017), there is no gender relationship (p-value 0.878), there is a relationship between the level of education (p-value 0.000), there is a relationship of knowledge about covid-19 (p-value 0.029) with covid-19 disease prevention behavior in Bandar Lampung. The conclusion is that factors related to co-19 disease prevention behavior are age, education level, and knowledge of co-19. Suggestions should provide information about co-19 and the importance of co-19 prevention behavior continue to be given to the public. Keywords: Predisposing Factors, Behavioral Prevention, Covid-19

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Rural households’ perception on the effects of Prosopis juliflora invasion: The case of Amibara District of Afar National Regional State, Ethiopia

Pastoralism Research Policy and Practice ◽

10.1186/s13570-020-00174-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ousmane Seid ◽

Jema Haji ◽

Belaineh Legesse

Keyword(s):

Control Measure ◽

Negative Influence ◽

Prosopis Juliflora ◽

Significant Shift ◽

Tobit Regression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Regional State ◽

Market Distance ◽

Almost All

Abstract In Ethiopia, Prosopis juliflora (P. juliflora) becomes one of the worst invasive alien species threatening the livelihood and thus food security of pastoral and agro-pastoral communities. However, up to the present, there have been few studies on the social aspects of the problem. This study explores households’ perceptions about the effects of P. juliflora invasions in Amibara district of Afar National Regional State, Ethiopia. The study used cross-sectional data collected from 130 randomly selected households based on probability proportional to household size. To measure households’ perceptions, a perception index was constructed based on a five-point Likert scale, and a two-limit tobit regression model was used to determine factors affecting households’ perception. The abundance of P. juliflora was perceived to have increased since its introduction in the study area, mainly due to the mobility of dispersal agents and the species’ ability to resist the harsh environment. Between the time when the first trees were planted and today, households’ mean perception about the effect of P. juliflora invasion has experienced a significant shift; whilst initially some 78% of the sampled households were in favour of the tree species, today, less than 1% still favour the tree and some 90% disfavour it. Empirical evidence indicates that gender, market distance, extension service and livelihood strategy had a significant negative influence whilst proximity to the bush land had a significant positive effect on households’ perceptions about the effects of P. juliflora invasion. Almost all sampled households had applied some form of control measure on their individually own land, including uprooting of seedlings or cutting and burning of trees. We recommend that government bodies should, in collaboration with other stakeholders, design P. juliflora management programmes, which take into account the households’ interests, demographic and socio-economic characteristics and institutional settings.

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Antenatal, intranatal and postnatal care: a tertiary centre study of North India

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20182185 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 2500

Author(s):

Anjali Gupta ◽

Anish Khanna ◽

Rekha Sachan ◽

V. K. Singh ◽

O. P. Singh

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Normal Growth ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Normal Weight ◽

North India ◽

Growth Data ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Tertiary Centre

Background:Care of pregnant lady during antenatal period is the key to reducing maternal mortality and morbidity during pregnancy and child birth and futher improving the growth and development of the newborn. Optimal weight gain in the initial 6 months is very essential. Therefore, study aims to assess antenatal, intranatal and postnatal factors affecting the growth of newborn child. Methods:A Community based cross sectional study was conducted twice – at delivery and second after 6 months. A total of 220 ladies delivered at QMH, King Georges Medical University, Lucknow between August-2016 to September-2017 were included. WHO Standards were used to calculate the deviation from normal growth. Data was entered in SPSS-23 and assessment was made for factors affecting the growth of newborn. Results:At the time of birth the weight, length and head circumference of newborn was measured. Normal weight, length and H.C of ±2 SD was seen in 91%, 88%, 94% males respectively and 87.8%, 97.8 and 73.3% females. Repeat measurements at 6 month age of newborn showed normal weight, length and H.C in 62%, 58% and 87% males respectively and 87.8%, 74.4% and 96.7% females. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of factors revealed that growth of newborn upto 6 months was significantly associated with exclusive breastfeeding (OR 0.161; 95% CI 0.053-0.492; p=0.001), Illness in past 6 months (OR 6.820; 95%CI 2.376-19.579; p<0.001) low birth weight (OR 0.101; 95% CI 0.015-0.665; p=0.017). Conclusions:Although adherence to the proper schedule of antenatal, intranatal and postnatal visits and care varies between individuals and over time, the factors can be addressed with periodic counselling and motivation of pregnant ladies and their families.

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The Feasibility of Ultrasonographic Diaphragmatic Excursion in Healthy Dogs: Effect of Positioning, Diaphragmatic Location, and Body Weight of Dogs

Frontiers in Veterinary Science ◽

10.3389/fvets.2021.763556 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Phasamon Saisawart ◽

Somchin Sutthigran ◽

Kumpanart Soontornvipart ◽

Chutimon Thanaboonnipat ◽

Damri Darawiroj ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Ultrasound Technique ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Intrinsic Factors ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Healthy Dogs ◽

The Right ◽

Almost All

Diaphragmatic excursion (DE) has been utilized for detecting respiratory related problems in humans. However, several factors should be considered such as the ultrasound technique and factors intrinsic to patients. Nevertheless, knowledge of the effect of these factors on DE in dogs is still lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the proper ultrasound technique by varying postures and diaphragmatic locations for DE measurement and to explore intrinsic factors such as diaphragmatic sides, sex, and body weight of dogs on DE. The prospective, analytic, cross-sectional study included 44 healthy dogs; 12 beagles and 32 dogs of other breeds. The experiment was divided into (i) an exploration of the proper ultrasound technique by varying postures (supine, standing, and recumbent in each of the right and left lateral positions), diaphragmatic locations (middle crus and proximal to the last rib), and diaphragmatic sublocations (xiphoid, mid, and proximal rib) for detection of DE and (ii) the evaluation of canine intrinsic factors affecting DE. The results show that the mid-diaphragmatic sublocation in the middle crus area in almost all positions revealed the highest percentage DE detection. However, DEs were revealed to be more accessible in the supine position. There was no significant difference in DE between the right and the left diaphragms or between the sexes of beagle dogs. However, body weight was significantly correlated with the DE among dogs of various sizes. In conclusion, the posture of the dogs and the diaphragmatic location can affect DE evaluation. Neither sex nor diaphragmatic side had an influence, but body weight was revealed as a major factor in DE in dogs.

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A cross sectional study to find incidence of clinically detectable congenital malformations and factors affecting it in tertiary care hospital

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20194556 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

pp. 2364

Author(s):

Vikram V. Yaragatti ◽

Shivanagouda .

Keyword(s):

Congenital Anomalies ◽

Congenital Malformations ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Difficult Challenge

Background: Congenital malformations are emerging as an important perinatal problem, contributing sizably to the perinatal mortality with considerable repercussions on the mothers and the families. Patients with multiple congenital anomalies present a relatively infrequent but tremendously difficult challenge to the pediatrician. Authors objective was to study the incidence of clinically detectable congenital malformations among consecutive births in hospital deliveries examined during hospital stay.Methods: A prospective cross sectional study was conducted in Department of Pediatrics at Dr R N Cooper Municipal General Hospital, Mumbai from June 2016 to June 2017. All live births from June 2016 to June 2017 were considered in the studyResults: The total number of deliveries in our hospital were 3120(100%) and the total number of babies with congenital anomaly were 43(1.4%), So the incidence of congenital anomalies amongst study population was 1.4%. The involvement of various systems was seen in our study. The involvement of CNS (9.3%), Eye (7%), ENT (28%), GIT (20.9%), Urinary Tract (2.3%), Musculoskeletal System (35%), Gentialia (7%), CVS (7%).Conclusions: Congenital malformation, one of the important causes of infant mortality and morbidity can be reduced by proper preconception care and level two anomaly scan. Congenital anomalies must be identified, as early diagnosis and surgical correction of malformed babies offer the best chance for survival.

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Perioperative complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a cross-sectional observational study

International Surgery Journal ◽

10.18203/2349-2902.isj20201857 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 1490

Author(s):

Sanjeev Agarwal ◽

Arpit D. Joshi

Keyword(s):

Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽

Perioperative Complications ◽

Gallbladder Disease ◽

Bile Leakage ◽

Safe Procedure ◽

Trocar Site ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Intraoperative Complication ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Almost All

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has now become the gold standard in treatment of benign gall bladder disease. The intraoperative and immediate postoperative complication cannot be disregarded and remain of concern. The study aims to evaluate the perioperative complications of LC in patients undergoing the surgery.Methods: A total of 100 patients were included in this prospective analytical study from a June 2017 to September 2019. They were adequately evaluated and underwent LC in General surgery department of Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur. The relevant clinical details of all the patients were recorded and analysed.Results: Among the patients who underwent LC, majority were females. In case of 86 patients, LC was done due to chronic calculous cholecystitis. The conversion rate from laparoscopic to open was 6%. The most frequent intraoperative complication was trocar site bleeding and liver bed injury, 7%, followed by bile leakage from gallbladder 6%, bleeding from calots triangle in 4% and spilled gallstones in 2% cases. There was no case of injury to common bile duct, bowel injury or major vascular injury. Amongst the post-operative complications, wound infection was in 1% case. No perioperative mortality was present. The overall rate of complication was 18%.Conclusions: LC is a safe and effective procedure in almost all patients presenting with symptomatic gallbladder disease and remains one of the most frequently performed laparoscopic operations. It has a low rate of mortality and morbidity making this operation a safe procedure with favourable results.

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Factors affecting complementary feeding among mothers of under two years children in Darai and Kumal communities of Mangalpur, Chitwan

Journal of Chitwan Medical College ◽

10.3126/jcmc.v6i4.16711 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 24-30

Author(s):

K P Kandel ◽

B K Sah ◽

S Kafle ◽

S Khanal ◽

B Adhikari

Keyword(s):

Complementary Feeding ◽

Feeding Practices ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Study Data ◽

Feeding Strategies ◽

Feeding Behaviors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

First Child ◽

Almost All

Complementary feeding for an infant refers to timely introduction of safe and nutritional foods in addition to breast-feeding i.e. clean and nutritionally rich additional foods introduced at about six months of infant age. Complementary feeding strategies encompass a wide variety of interventions designed to improve not only the quality and quantity of these foods but also improve the feeding behaviors. The objective of the study is to assess the factors affecting complementary feeding practices among mothers in Mangalpur, Chitwan. A cross sectional study was carried out to find out the factors affecting complimentary feeding practices among mothers of under two years children in Darai and Kumal Communities in Mangalpur, Chitwan. Altogether 84 respondents were included in this study. Data analysis was done by descriptive statistics and Inferential statistics and those data was analyzed by using the software SPSS (version 20.0). The percentage of Knowledge on complimentary feeding was found as 96.40 and correct practice was 73.80% in the study area. In this study, more than half (58.3%) of the respondent had first child at the age of nineteen or more. 86.90 % of the respondents had knowledge of complementary food and mostly (87.70) practiced lito as complimentary food. Almost all (98.80%) mothers had the knowledge of sarbottam pitho and 79.50% had correct knowledge of preparation. Complementary feeding was practiced correctly by 73.80% mothers

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Misconception and effect of Menstruation (Chhaupadi) and Delivery on Women’s Health in Bajura, District Nepal

Europasian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.46405/ejms.v3i1.123 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 24-29

Author(s):

Chetraj Pandit ◽

Anil Kumar Singh ◽

Ayuska Parajuli ◽

Ashok Pandey

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Methods ◽

Health Effect ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽

Reproductive Age Women ◽

System P ◽

Cultural Taboos ◽

Almost All

Background: Chhaupadi is the old unscientific system in mid and far western parts of Nepal. Reproductive age women were considered unclean during the menstrual and delivery period. Invisible cultural taboos and practices were prevailing in each and every household. The objective of the study is to assess the associated factors affecting during Chhaupadi and delivery practice with their health outcome. Method: The cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted amongst 175 reproductive age women in Bajura districts of Nepal, by using multistage random sampling. Both qualitative and quantitative methods was used. All the data were entered in Ms excel and exported into SPSS 16.0. The necessary descriptive and inferential statistics was used for quantitative analysis and thematic analysis was done for qualitative analysis. Results: More than one third (38.9%) of the participants were in the age group 20-29 years. Almost all the participants were from Hindu religion. The majority (91%) of participants know about the Chhaupadi system. Almost (74%) of the participants were staying in the Chhaupadi hut during menstruation. Similarly, (78.3%) of the respondents were mentioned, they did not like the Chhau system and never like to continued. There is a significant association between health effect in women and the Chhaupadi system (p < 0.031). Conclusion: It shows that the larger proportion of women in Bajura District still believes in old unscientific tales and Chhaupadi practices which lead to the different health problems.

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