scholarly journals Deep Learning Based Air-Writing Recognition with the Choice of Proper Interpolation Technique

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 8407
Author(s):  
Fuad Al Abir ◽  
Md. Al Siam ◽  
Abu Sayeed ◽  
Md. Al Mehedi Hasan ◽  
Jungpil Shin
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Signal Duration ◽  
Data Loss ◽  
Recording Process ◽  
Interpolation Technique ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Recognition Systems ◽  
Special Case ◽  
Day By Day

The act of writing letters or words in free space with body movements is known as air-writing. Air-writing recognition is a special case of gesture recognition in which gestures correspond to characters and digits written in the air. Air-writing, unlike general gestures, does not require the memorization of predefined special gesture patterns. Rather, it is sensitive to the subject and language of interest. Traditional air-writing requires an extra device containing sensor(s), while the wide adoption of smart-bands eliminates the requirement of the extra device. Therefore, air-writing recognition systems are becoming more flexible day by day. However, the variability of signal duration is a key problem in developing an air-writing recognition model. Inconsistent signal duration is obvious due to the nature of the writing and data-recording process. To make the signals consistent in length, researchers attempted various strategies including padding and truncating, but these procedures result in significant data loss. Interpolation is a statistical technique that can be employed for time-series signals to ensure minimum data loss. In this paper, we extensively investigated different interpolation techniques on seven publicly available air-writing datasets and developed a method to recognize air-written characters using a 2D-CNN model. In both user-dependent and user-independent principles, our method outperformed all the state-of-the-art methods by a clear margin for all datasets.

RBS: A ROBUST BIMODAL SYSTEM FOR FACE RECOGNITION

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (04) ◽  
pp. 497-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREA F. ABATE ◽  
MICHELE NAPPI ◽  
DANIEL RICCIO ◽  
GENOVEFFA TORTORA
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Iterated Function Systems ◽  
Related Literature ◽  
Ear Recognition ◽  
Iterated Function ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Recognition Systems

During the last few years, many algorithms have been proposed in particular for face recognition using classical 2-D images. However, it is necessary to deal with occlusions when the subject is wearing sunglasses, scarves and such. In the same way, ear recognition is arising as a new promising biometric for people recognition, even if the related literature appears to be somewhat underdeveloped. In this paper, several hybrid face/ear recognition systems are investigated. The system is based on IFS (Iterated Function Systems) theory that are applied on both face and ear resulting in a bimodal architecture. One advantage is that the information used for the indexing and recognition task of face/ear can be made local, and this makes the method more robust to possible occlusions. The distribution of similarities in the input images is exploited as a signature for the identity of the subject. The amount of information provided by each component of the face and the ear image has been assessed, first independently and then jointly. At last, results underline that the system significantly outperforms the existing approaches in the state of the art.

PLANEJAMENTO FAMILIAR COMO ASSUNTO DE MULHER!? PERFIL DE GÊNERO NA PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA NO BRASIL

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniella De Paula Chiesa ◽  
Mário Antônio Sanches ◽  
Daiane Priscila Simão-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Scientific Production ◽  
The State ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
The Subject

O estudo do Planejamento familiar, no contexto da bioética, abre-se para diversas perspectivas, entre elas a valorização dos seus diferentes atores. Situado neste contexto o artigo tem como objetivo identificar o perfil de gênero na produção científica sobre Planejamento Familiar no Brasil, entre 2000 e 2014, assim como a área de formação e especialização dos autores. Foram utilizadas metodologias que permitiram mapear o estado da arte do tema estudado, a partir de uma revisão da literatura. O resultado da pesquisa identifica que a produção científica sobre Planejamento Familiar no Brasil se compõe de perfil destacadamente feminino (71,76%). Dos 73 artigos analisados, 42 (57,53%) o foco do tema está direcionado à mulher assim como evidencia-se a área de ciências da saúde com maior concentração das publicações do tema.  Este aspecto da pesquisa abre para uma realidade complexa onde se buscam criticamente as razões para a pesquisa em Planejamento Familiar ter ênfase na mulher e ser um tema de relevância nas ciências da saúde.Palavras-chave: Produção científica, Planejamento Familiar, Gênero.  ABSTRACT: The study of Family Planning, in the context of bioethics, opens to diverse perspectives, among them the appreciation of their different agents. Situated in this context the article aims to identify the profile of gender in scientific literature on Family Planning in Brazil, between 2000 and 2014, as well as the area of training and specialization of the authors. Methodologies were used which allowed to map the State of the art of the subject studied, from a review of the literature. The results found identify that the scientific production on Family Planning in Brazil is formed with a outstandingly female profile (71,76%). Of the 73 articles examined, 42 (57.53%) the focus of the topic is directed to women as well as showing the health sciences area with highest concentration of publications. This aspect of the research opens to a complex reality where we seek critically the reasons for Research in Family Planning have emphasis on woman and be a topic of relevance in health sciences.Keywords: Scientific Production, Family Planning, Gender.

A Systematic Literature Review of the EFQM Excellence Model from 1991 to 2019

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yousaf ◽  
Petr Bris
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Future Research ◽  
European Foundation ◽  
The Subject

A systematic literature review (SLR) from 1991 to 2019 is carried out about EFQM (European Foundation for Quality Management) excellence model in this paper. The aim of the paper is to present state of the art in quantitative research on the EFQM excellence model that will guide future research lines in this field. The articles were searched with the help of six strings and these six strings were executed in three popular databases i.e. Scopus, Web of Science, and Science Direct. Around 584 peer-reviewed articles examined, which are directly linked with the subject of quantitative research on the EFQM excellence model. About 108 papers were chosen finally, then the purpose, data collection, conclusion, contributions, and type of quantitative of the selected papers are discussed and analyzed briefly in this study. Thus, this study identifies the focus areas of the researchers and knowledge gaps in empirical quantitative literature on the EFQM excellence model. This article also presents the lines of future research.

Approaches for Multilingual Phone Recognition in Code-switched and Non-code-switched Scenarios Using Indian Languages

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Manjunath K. E. ◽  
Srinivasa Raghavan K. M. ◽  
K. Sreenivasa Rao ◽  
Dinesh Babu Jayagopi ◽  
V. Ramasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Deep Neural Networks ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Window Size ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Indian Languages ◽  
International Phonetic Alphabet ◽  
Phone Recognition ◽  
Front End ◽  
Recognition Systems

In this study, we evaluate and compare two different approaches for multilingual phone recognition in code-switched and non-code-switched scenarios. First approach is a front-end Language Identification (LID)-switched to a monolingual phone recognizer (LID-Mono), trained individually on each of the languages present in multilingual dataset. In the second approach, a common multilingual phone-set derived from the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) transcription of the multilingual dataset is used to develop a Multilingual Phone Recognition System (Multi-PRS). The bilingual code-switching experiments are conducted using Kannada and Urdu languages. In the first approach, LID is performed using the state-of-the-art i-vectors. Both monolingual and multilingual phone recognition systems are trained using Deep Neural Networks. The performance of LID-Mono and Multi-PRS approaches are compared and analysed in detail. It is found that the performance of Multi-PRS approach is superior compared to more conventional LID-Mono approach in both code-switched and non-code-switched scenarios. For code-switched speech, the effect of length of segments (that are used to perform LID) on the performance of LID-Mono system is studied by varying the window size from 500 ms to 5.0 s, and full utterance. The LID-Mono approach heavily depends on the accuracy of the LID system and the LID errors cannot be recovered. But, the Multi-PRS system by virtue of not having to do a front-end LID switching and designed based on the common multilingual phone-set derived from several languages, is not constrained by the accuracy of the LID system, and hence performs effectively on code-switched and non-code-switched speech, offering low Phone Error Rates than the LID-Mono system.

History of Mathematics in the Islamic World: The Present State of the Art

1985 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Berggren
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
History Of Mathematics ◽  
Islamic Culture ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Mathematical Sciences ◽  
Islamic Mathematics

In Recent Years, many discoveries in the history of Islamic mathematics have not been reported outside the specialist literature, even though they raise issues of interest to a larger audience. Thus, our aim in writing this survey is to provide to scholars of Islamic culture an account of the major themes and discoveries of the last decade of research on the history of mathematics in the Islamic world. However, the subject of mathematics comprised much more than what a modern mathematician might think of as belonging to mathematics, so our survey is an overview of what may best be called the “mathematical sciences” in Islam; that is, in addition to such topics as arithmetic, algebra, and geometry we will also be interested in mechanics, optics, and mathematical instruments.

More on Brain and Semiosis: Can We Find a Point in Neuronets?

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Tatiana V. Chernigovskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Direct Testing ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Neurophysiological Basis ◽  
Person Experience ◽  
Cognitive Dimensions ◽  
Human Specific

The paper discusses semiotic aspects of higher human functions and a possibility and relevance of traditional search for their neurophysiological basis. The state of the art on the subject is reviewed and the lack of data on anthropological specificity for reasoning, thinking, language and its AI modeling is highlighted. Experimental neuroscience presumes that if we know the characteristics of neu­rons and their connections, we automatically understand what mind and con­sciousness are. However, it is evident that such a paradigm does not allow us to get relevant answers to the main questions. I argue that the problem should be dealt with not only within the field of neurophysiology proper. Rather, such re­search should involve exploring the 'archeology' of mental processes as they are revealed in arts as well as in other symbolic spaces. The paper discusses the ade­quacy of physiological methodology when it is employed to demonstrate brain mechanisms of higher functions. Besides, I explore the relevance of juxta­posing similar data from other biological and artificial intelligent systems. I view language processing, mind and reasoning and 1st person experience (qualia) as human specific features, and questions the possibility of direct testing these phenomena. The paper links genetic, anthropological and neurophysio­logical data to semiotic activity and semiosphere formation as the basis for com­munication. The paper discusses the place of humans in the changing world in the context of new cognitive dimensions.

scholarly journals Environmental issues and international relations, a new global (dis)order - the role of International Relations in promoting a concerted international system

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Castro Pereira
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
International System ◽  
Global Environmental Change ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
The Subject

Is it possible to talk about the rise of a new global (dis)order founded on the challenges posed by environmental issues? Through the review of the state of the art on the subject, this article analyzes the growing importance of the environment, and natural resources in particular, in international relations; and aims to raise awareness among International Relations scholars to the potential positive impact of the development of the discipline in integration with global environmental change studies.

The State of the Art in Management Education Applicable to Aerospace Activities

1967 ◽  
Vol 71 (677) ◽  
pp. 344-348
Author(s):  
J. V. Connolly
Keyword(s):  
Management Education ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Aerospace Industry ◽  
List Type ◽  
Industrial Training ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Economic Necessity ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

During the past two years, there has been a sharp acceleration to the interest which industry has displayed in the subject of management education. This can be attributed to these factors: —(a) A more widespread realisation of the gap developing between the UK and a number of foreign economies, as manifested by diverging rates of the major economic indicators.(b) The attainment of top-management responsibilities by a younger generation of managers, many of whom had been given some earlier training and who were more conscious of its value than the incumbents of the job from earlier generations.(c) The publication of the Franks, Robbins and (in the aerospace industry) the Plowden reports.(d) The impact of the Industrial Training Boards making it manifest, in terms of serious levies, that training was an economic necessity and therefore must be investigated thoroughly.Notwithstanding the widespread awakening of interest, it is very belated and sets numerous problems. The problems are in two areas—scale and quality.

Kinematic Investigation of the Deployable Bennett Loop

2006 ◽  
Vol 129 (6) ◽  
pp. 602-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Eddie Baker
Keyword(s):  
Full Advantage ◽  
Spatial Displacement ◽  
Learning Tool ◽  
Working Mechanism ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Kinematic Characteristics ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Many ◽  
Special Case

Despite the many studies devoted to it and its value as a learning tool, the Bennett linkage has never been employed as a working mechanism. It has recently found favor, however, among structural analysts as a possible unit in deployable networks owing to the potential for true spatial displacement without flexure. Although the loop can be analyzed in this application by means of purely geometrical methods, a wealth of kinematic examinations is available for more efficient treatment. The particular form that the chain must adopt as a deployable object and the special case of the linkage demanded by the purpose constitute the subject of the present exposition, which takes full advantage of prior analyses of the chain’s kinematic characteristics.

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