Association between Parameters Related to Oxidative Stress and Trace Minerals in Athletes

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the basal concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) nonenzymatic antioxidants, such as ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, and retinol in plasma or erythrocytes, and the plasma concentrations of 16 trace minerals in endurance athletes from Extremadura (Spain). In addition, we aimed to assess the possible relationships between some parameters related to cellular oxidative stress with plasma concentrations of some trace minerals. Sixty-two national long-distance men athletes participated in this study. The parameters related to oxidative stress and antioxidant activity were analyzed through high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), and trace minerals analysis was performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). We found that plasma MDA was positively correlated with selenium and rubidium. Plasma ascorbic acid was positively correlated with manganese and negatively correlated with cobalt and cadmium. Erythrocyte ascorbic acid was related to arsenic and cesium. Plasma α-tocopherol correlated with copper and manganese negatively and positively with arsenic. Erythrocyte α-tocopherol was positively related to copper, rubidium, and lithium. The findings show that athletes with a high degree of training should monitor their intake and concentrations of α-tocopherol for its fundamental role of neutralizing the excess of reactive oxygen species produced by exercise and the prooxidant effects of several minerals such as arsenic, copper, and lithium.

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Effects of menopause and tibolone on antioxidants in postmenopausal women

Annals of Clinical Biochemistry International Journal of Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.1258/0004563053857941 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

pp. 220-223 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Perin Vural ◽

Cemil Akgül ◽

Mukaddes Canbaz

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Plasma Concentrations ◽

Lipid Peroxide ◽

Lipid Peroxides ◽

Thiol Groups ◽

Plasma Ascorbic Acid ◽

Total Thiol ◽

Significant Difference

Background: Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of ageing and menopause, and can arise through the increased production of lipid peroxides and/or a deficiency of antioxidant defence. Aim: To investigate the effects of the menopause and tibolone treatment (2.5 mg/day for six months) on plasma antioxidants and lipid peroxidation. Methods: Plasma concentrations of ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, total thiol groups, caeruloplasmin, erythrocyte glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in 24 postmenopausal and 24 premenopausal healthy women. Results: Data analysis indicates a significant decrease in plasma ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, total thiol groups, caeruloplasmin, erythrocyte GSH and a significant increase in lipid peroxides (expressed as MDA concentrations) in postmenopausal women. There was no significant difference between control and study groups in the mean plasma caeruloplasmin concentrations. It was found that there is a significant increase in α-tocopherol and significant decrease in lipid peroxide concentrations in postmenopausal after tibolone treatment. Conclusions: The menopause is associated with an increase in oxidative stress and a decrease of some antioxidants, such as ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, total thiols and erythrocyte GSH. Tibolone treatment leads to a decrease in concentrations of plasma lipid peroxide, probably by stimulating direct and indirect mechanisms of tocopherol regeneration and increasing plasma concentrations of vitamin E. However, due to the relatively small numbers involved this study can be regarded as a pilot. Further studies performed on a larger scale are necessary to establish the exact mechanisms of tibolone in inhibiting oxidative stress in postmenopausal women.

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Environmental effects on arsenosugars and arsenolipids in Ectocarpus (Phaeophyta)

Environmental Chemistry ◽

10.1071/en14229 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 21 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Ásta H. Pétursdóttir ◽

Kyle Fletcher ◽

Helga Gunnlaugsdóttir ◽

Eva Krupp ◽

Frithjof C. Küpper ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

High Performance ◽

Natural Habitat ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Stress Factors ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Environmental context Arsenolipids, which are present in seaweed, can show high toxicity, emphasising the need for more information on these compounds. We investigated the effects of different stress factors on the arsenic compounds formed by cultures of brown algae, and compared the results with those from field-collected samples. We show that the arsenolipid and arsenosugar profiles differ depending on the experimental conditions, and that a deficiency in phosphate has a direct positive effect on the biosynthesis of arsenic-containing phospholipids. Abstract Seaweeds have recently been shown to contain a significant proportion of arsenic in the form of arsenolipids (AsLp). Three strains of the filamentous brown alga Ectocarpus species were grown in the laboratory with different simulations of environmental stress: control conditions (1/2 Provasoli-enriched seawater), low nitrate (30% of the amount of nitrates in the control), low phosphate (30% of the amount of phosphate in the control) and under oxidative stress levels (2mM H2O2). Generally, the major AsLp was an arsenic-containing hydrocarbon, AsHC360 (50–80%), but additionally, several arsenic-containing phospholipids (AsPL) were identified and quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography–inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS/ESI-MS). The AsLps in cultures were compared with AsLps in Ectocarpus found in its natural habitat as well as with other brown filamentous algae. The AsLp and arsenosugar profiles differed depending on the experimental conditions. Under low phosphate conditions, a significant reduction of phosphorus-containing arsenosugars was noticed, and a significant increase of phosphate-containing AsLps was found when compared with the controls. Strains grown under oxidative stress showed a significant increase in AsLps as well as clear physiological changes.

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Tryptophan and nutritional status of patients with senile dementia

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291700009119 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 297-305 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

D. E. Thomas ◽

K. O. Chung-A-On ◽

J. W. T. Dickerson ◽

S. F. Tidmarsh ◽

D. M. Shaw

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Nicotinic Acid ◽

Patient Group ◽

Senile Dementia ◽

Plasma Concentrations ◽

Red Cell ◽

Plasma Ascorbic Acid ◽

Thiamin Deficiency ◽

Transketolase Activity

SynopsisThe nutritional status of 23 severely demented patients was compared with that of 23 similarly aged controls in the community. A 3-day weighed intake on all subjects showed lower mean intakes of energy, protein, ascorbic acid and nicotinic acid in the patient group. This group had lower levels of plasma ascorbic acid and red cell folate and of urinary N-methylnicotinamide excretion relative to creatinine. Over a third of both controls and patients had evidence of thiamin deficiency, as judged by a raised percentage erythrocyte transketolase activity. An earlier finding in patients with senile dementia of reduced fasting plasma concentrations of tryptophan was confirmed for total and protein bound fractions. With the possible exception of ascorbic acid, the data could not be explained satisfactorily in terms of intake. It is suggested that the association between the phenomena of ageing, senile dementia and nutritional status merits further investigation.

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Effects of Super Nutritional Hepatic Copper Accumulation on Hepatocyte Health and Oxidative Stress in Dairy Cows

Veterinary Medicine International ◽

10.1155/2019/3642954 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jaimie M. Strickland ◽

Doug Lyman ◽

Lorraine M. Sordillo ◽

Thomas H. Herdt ◽

John P. Buchweitz

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Copper Concentration ◽

Tissue Level ◽

Copper Accumulation ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Hepatic Copper

Concerns regarding excessive hepatic copper concentrations in dairy cows have increased. The objective of this study was to determine the association of hepatic copper concentrations with evidence of liver disease. Blood and liver samples were collected at the time of slaughter in cull dairy cows (n=100). Liver samples were analyzed for copper using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and crude fat using liquid-liquid extraction and gravimetry. Serum samples were analyzed for glutamate dehydrogenase,γ-glutamyltransferase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase activities, and bile acid concentrations. Liver samples were examined histologically for inflammation, fibrosis, and rhodanine staining. Animals were stratified by hepatic copper concentration and samples in the highest and lowest quintiles (Q5 and Q1) were evaluated for oxidative stress. Systemic indices of oxidative stress included serum reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) and total antioxidant potential (AOP). Tissue-level oxidative stress was assessed by immunohistochemistry using 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE) and 3-nitrotyrosine (3NIT) stains to score the relative abundance and distribution of oxidized lipid and protein products, respectively. Mean hepatic copper concentration was 496.83μg/g and median 469.72μg/g and ranged from 70.56 to 1264.27μg/g dry tissue. No association was found between hepatic copper concentrations and clinicopathological or histological evidence of hepatic damage or dysfunction. There was a significant increase in the amount of IHC staining of 4HNE and 3NIT in Q5 compared with Q1. Moreover, the IHC staining mirrored the distribution of the copper-specific stain rhodanine. These results demonstrate that cows with elevated hepatic copper concentrations had no evidence of active liver disease but had increased hepatic oxidative stress.

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Multiple Effects of Ascorbic Acid against Chronic Diseases: Updated Evidence from Preclinical and Clinical Studies

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox9121182 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 1182

Author(s):

Massimiliano Berretta ◽

Vincenzo Quagliariello ◽

Nicola Maurea ◽

Raffaele Di Francia ◽

Saman Sharifi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Randomized Clinical Trials ◽

Severe Disease ◽

Plasma Concentrations ◽

Organ Damage ◽

Severe Illness ◽

Enzymatic Reactions ◽

Enhanced Production ◽

Preclinical And Clinical Studies

Severe disease commonly manifests as a systemic inflammatory process. Inflammation is associated withthe enhanced production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and with a marked reduction in the plasma concentrations of protective antioxidant molecules. This imbalance gives rise to oxidative stress, which is greater in patients with more severe conditions such as sepsis, cancer, cardiovascular disease, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and burns. In these patients, oxidative stress can trigger cell, tissue, and organ damage, thus increasing morbidity and mortality. Ascorbic acid (ASC) is a key nutrient thatserves as an antioxidant and a cofactor for numerous enzymatic reactions. However, humans, unlike most mammals, are unable to synthesize it. Consequently, ASC must be obtained through dietary sources, especially fresh fruit and vegetables. The value of administering exogenous micronutrients, to reestablish antioxidant concentrations in patients with severe disease, has been recognized for decades. Despite the suggestion that ASC supplementation may reduce oxidative stress and prevent several chronic conditions, few large, randomized clinical trials have tested it in patients with severe illness. This article reviews the recent literature on the pharmacological profile of ASC and the role of its supplementation in critically ill patients.

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The role of oxidative stress on the effect of 1,4,7,10,13,16-hexathiacyclooctadecane on copper and zinc toxicity in HepG2 cells

Human & Experimental Toxicology ◽

10.1191/0960327103ht340oa ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 89-93 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

P W Smet ◽

M Elskens ◽

F Bolle ◽

P J Dierickx

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Hepg2 Cells ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Combined Treatment ◽

Zinc Content ◽

Atomic Emission ◽

Zinc Toxicity ◽

Ligand Complex ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Copper And Zinc

Experiments have shown that 1,4,7,10,13,16-hexathiacy clooctadecane (L3) increased the Cu2 toxicity on HepG2 cells, whereas the combination Zn2 /L3 was less toxic relative to the metal control. In all cases, glutathione (GSH) levels were decreased and vitamins C and E supplementation partially counteracted the increased toxicity in the Cu2 /L3-treated cells. The previously observed effects of this hexathiamacrocyclic ligand (L3) on the Cu2 and Zn2 toxicity were further investigated by first depleting the intracellular GSH levels by means of L-buthionine S,R-sulphoximine. Combined treatment with Cu2 /L3 resulted in complete cell death, whereas for Zn2 /L3 no severe effects were observed. Direct measurement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) revealed that Cu2 induced a high degree of oxidative stress on the cells. This was not the case for Zn2. The results proved a previously proposed mechanism in which GSH is used to conjugate the metal–ligand complex, but as a result of this, GSH is no longer available for inactivation of ROS. Also, both the intracellular copper and zinc content were determined for each experiment by means of inductively coupled plasma–atomic emission spectroscopy. According to these data, zinc is depleted in Cu2 /L3-treated cells, which could have consequences on superoxide dismutase and as a result of this on the amount of oxidative stress.

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The role of exogenous silicon to mitigate Al2O3 nanoparticle-induced toxicity in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Acta agriculturae Slovenica ◽

10.14720/aas.2021.117.1.1378 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 117 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Ghader HABIBI ◽

Maryam SHAHINFAR

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Hordeum Vulgare ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Direct Evidence ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Icp Ms ◽

Exogenous Addition ◽

Al2o3 Nanoparticle

In this study, we used silicon (Si, in the form of K2SiO3, 2 mM) to alleviate the toxicity of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles (NPs) in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectroscopy (ICP-MS) analyses, we showed that the Al2O3 NPs were taken up by barley plants. Barley growth was negatively affected by the addition of 3 g l-1 nano-Al2O3, whereas the diminishing effect of NPs on barley growth was not obvious when 1 g l-1 nano-Al2O3 was applied, indicating that the nano-Al2O3 action is dependent on nano-Al2O3 dose. Si pretreatment ameliorated toxic effects of high nano-Al2O3 on root growth. Si pretreatment did not decrease nano-Al2O3 entry into roots but reduced nano-Al2O3 accumulation in the shoot. The restriction of the root-to-shoot translocation of nano-Al2O3 was one of the important mechanisms for Si to mitigate high nano-Al2O3 toxicity. The occurrence of oxidative stress was found under 3 g l1 nano-Al2O3 treatment, as evaluated by the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA). Exogenous addition of Si could alleviate toxicity symptoms induced by Al2O3 nanoparticles by reducing lipid peroxidation via enhancing antioxidant activity of catalase as well as by limiting the root-to-shoot translocation of nano-Al2O3. These data provide the first direct evidence that the Si pretreatment ameliorates nano Al2O3 phytotoxicity in plants.

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Studies on hydrometallurgical processes using nuclear techniques to be applied in copper industry. II. Application of radiotracers in copper leaching from flotation tailings

Nukleonika ◽

10.2478/nuka-2018-0016 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 131-137

Author(s):

Marcin Rogowski ◽

Tomasz Smoliński ◽

Marta Pyszynska ◽

Marcin Brykała ◽

Andrzej G. Chmielewski

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Gamma Ray ◽

Standard Samples ◽

Flotation Tailings ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Leaching Process ◽

Icp Ms ◽

Wide Range ◽

Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Abstract The use of radiotracers in the present study is intended to replace traditional steps of metal quantitative analysis (solution sampling and instrumental chemical analysis) and to allow real-time measurements of metal concentrations during the leaching process. In this study, 64Cu, an isotope of copper, was selected as a radiotracer. Samples of copper flotation tailings were irradiated in the Maria research reactor (Świerk, Poland) and mixed with an inactive portion of the milled fl otation waste. The leaching process was carried out in a glass reactor, and the radiation spectrum was measured using a gamma spectrometer. The material was then treated using various acids (sulphuric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid, citric acid, and ascorbic acid) in a wide range of their concentrations. Experiments with the radiotracer were conducted in sulphuric and nitric acids. The amount of the leached metal (copper) was calculated on the basis of the peak area ratio in the gamma-ray spectrum of the activated tailings and standard samples. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was also used to analyse the metal content. Maximum recovery of 56% Cu was achieved using 9 M HNO3, whereas the recovery was lowest for ascorbic acid (<1%). Both analytical methods were compared, and the results presented in this paper are in good agreement with radiometric measurements obtained using ICP-MS analysis.

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Study of oxidative stress biomarkers in obese children

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20184042 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (10) ◽

pp. 3335

Author(s):

Avni Kanji Fariya ◽

Bina F. Dias

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Childhood Obesity ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Low Grade ◽

Obese Children ◽

Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽

Plasma Ascorbic Acid ◽

Increased Risk

Background: The objective is to study the oxidative stress in obese and non-obese children by assessing the biomarkers of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status, Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) respectively. Childhood obesity is a growing global epidemic that requires attention due to the burden placed on the healthcare system for children and adults. Consumption of fatty foods and a high sugar, fat diet, and no exercise qualify as the main reasons for obesity among children and adults. Childhood obesity is connected with an increased risk of various diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular, stroke, certain types of cancer later in life, social problems and depression among youths. Obesity is also characterized by chronic low grade inflammation with permanently increased oxidative stress (OS). Over-expression of oxidative stress damages cellular structures together with under-production of anti-oxidant mechanisms, leading to the development of obesity-related complications.Methods: The study involved 25 obese children for Vitamin C, 20 obese children for Malondialdehyde (MDA) and 18 non obese children for both Vitamin C and MDA in the age group of 5-14 years, without any complications. This study was conducted at L.T.M.M College. Plasma Ascorbic Acid was estimated colorimetrically by using 2,6- dicholrophenol indophenol dye and similarly Malondialdehyde was estimated colorimetrically by MDA-TBA colored complex.Results: The study showed significantly higher values of MDA and lower level of Vitamin C in obese children as compared with non-obese children.Conclusions: The levels of lipid peroxidation marker Malondialdehyde (MDA) is higher and level of antioxidant marker Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) is lower in obese children as compared with non-obese children. Thereby increasing oxidative stress and hence the oxidative damage to cells.

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Cu Ion Release and Cell Damage Effect of Cu-Containing IUDs with Different Surface Areas of Copper

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.750-752.1656 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 750-752 ◽

pp. 1656-1659

Author(s):

Xiao Meng Zhang ◽

Ting Ting Ding ◽

Jiao Sun

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Cell Viability ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Cell Damage ◽

Intrauterine Device ◽

Damage Effect ◽

Ion Release ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Surface Areas ◽

Cu Ions

The aim of the present study is to evaluate the cupric ion releases and cytotoxicity of Cu-bearing intrauterine device (IUD) with different surface areas. TCu380, GCu300 and MCu165 were selected and extracted with MEM for 24h. Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) was employed to determine the concentration of Cu ions. MTT assay was conducted to evaluate the cell viability of original and diluted extracts. Oxidative stress indicators such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lipid peroxidation (MDA) were measured. The results showed the concentration of Cu ions released from three kinds of IUDs were 114.836mg/L, 91.161mg/L and 85.750mg/L, respectively. Cell viability of all original IUDs extracts was around 10%. TCu380 showed more significant cytotoxicity and higher oxidative stress level than other two IUDs when extracts were diluted. The study suggested that there was a positive correlation between the quantity of released Cu ions and cell damage effect in Cu-IUDs. The mechanism of cytotoxicity might be elevation of oxidative stress.

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