scholarly journals Mapping and Assessing Soil Sealing in Padua Municipality through Biotope Area Factor Index

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 5167
Author(s):  
Guglielmo Pristeri ◽  
Francesca Peroni ◽  
Salvatore Eugenio Pappalardo ◽  
Daniele Codato ◽  
Anna Giulia Castaldo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Landscape Fragmentation ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Po Valley ◽  
Soil Sealing ◽  
Worldwide Phenomenon ◽  
Index Value ◽  
The City

Soil sealing is a worldwide phenomenon of covering of natural or seminatural soil with impervious surfaces, such as built-up or paved surfaces. It is widely recognized as a major environmental issue which drives landscape fragmentation and ecosystem services degradation and loss. Italy is one of European countries with the highest extent of soil sealing. The most affected area is northern Italy, especially the Po Valley with more than 12% of sealed surfaces. According to official data, Veneto Region and the city of Padua are seriously affected by this phenomenon. The Biotope Area Factor is a consolidated ecological urban index for mapping soil sealing, adopted in different European cities to support urban planning; it expresses the ratio of the ecologically effective surface area in relation to the total land area according to land cover classes. The general aim of this study is to map and to assess soil sealing in the whole municipal territory of Padua using the Biotope Area Factor (BAF) index. We tested and adopted a digital land cover map together with aerial images to perform a BAF analysis on the whole municipal territory of Padua. By using sample areas previously analyzed, we validated our source data by a double spatial validation process; therefore, soil sealing analysis was scaled-up to the municipality territory. Results show that in the city of Padua, the average BAF index value is 0.6; totally permeable surfaces (BAF = 1) cover 59.5%, whereas totally “sealed” surfaces (BAF = 0) are 40.3% of the municipal territory (93 km2). Most of the sealed soil is located in the east sector and in the historical core of the city, with BAF values ranging from 0 to 0.2. A particularly critical area is identified within the new industrial area of the city, which is strongly affected by soil sealing. BAF maps are useful tools to identify critical areas by geovisualizing surface permeability at a very detailed scale and by enabling further analyses for hydrogeological risk assessment and urban climate regulation. Moreover, the use of BAF maps at urban scale today represent an important tool for urban management, especially for policy makers who are planning mitigation and compensation measures to control soil sealing.

scholarly journals PENGARUH TIPE TUTUPAN LAHAN TERHADAP IKLIM MIKRO DI KOTA BITUNG

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3A) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yorri Y. J. Sanger ◽  
Rino ., Rogi ◽  
Johan A. Rombang
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Central Business District ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Open Land ◽  
Business District ◽  
The City

This study aimed to analyze the effect of land cover types to micro-climate of and analyze the effect microclimate to the trees and open land towards amenities environment for human. The City of Bitung has selected as a research site because it planned for mega projects. They are Special Economic Zones (KEK), International Relations Ports and Manado-Bitung Highways. The research used primary and secondary data. The parameters measured for each land cover includes the elements of microclimate namely: Air Temperature, Humidity and Solar Radiation. Data analysis using techniques T test, F test and Analysis of amenities based on the data of air temperature and humidity, it can be calculated by Temperature Humadity Index (THI). The measurement results microclimate taken at four different land cover that is at the city park, Central Business District (CBD), housing and industry. The results of this study prove the hypothesis that there are differences in the average value of the temperature and humidity in the trees, open land. Tree vegetation structures more effectively reduce the air temperature. The structure of the vegetation canopy of trees that have rounded and more densely branched patterns, height being between 6-10 m and serves to overshadow proved more effective in improving amenities in the surrounding area. Based on the value of THI, all land cover both parks, CBD, residential and industrial categorized uncomfortable because the average is at a value> 27. Housing area has very little green space. One of the efforts to improve the quality of the microclimate in order to enhance the user experience is to provide a good environment garden by planting vegetation predominant tree combined with shrubs and grasses to balance and harmonize between buildings and the environment also have aesthetic value. In the industrial area, the high levels of air pollution resulting from the production process so that recommended a good landscape arrangement, by expanding area of town forest and planting vegetation of trees that can absorb large numbers of pollutants result in healthy and fresh air for the region.

scholarly journals CAMPOS TÉRMICOS URBANOS:

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-88
Author(s):  
Michaela Campos e Silva ◽  
Thiago Alves de Oliveira ◽  
Yan Carlos Gomes Viana ◽  
Cássia De Castro Martins Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Thermal Field ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Temperature Mapping ◽  
High Heating ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The City ◽  
Very High

O artigo objetivou analisar o campo térmico em três regiões urbanas da cidade de Juiz de Fora-MG, com tipos de uso e ocupação diferenciados. A metodologia utilizada foi o modelo geoespacial de potencial térmico, baseado na análise das variáveis de cobertura da terra e geoambientais, proposto por Ferreira (2014). O modelo utilizado trabalha com 5 classes de potencial de aquecimento, desde o baixíssimo potencial de aquecimento ao altíssimo potencial. A partir da aplicação do modelo áreas de maior adensamento se caracterizaram com alto potencial de aquecimento e áreas no qual prevaleceram a cobertura vegetal um baixo potencial de aquecimento, estes resultados foram confirmados pelo mapeamento da temperatura de superfície. Palavras-chave: clima urbano, temperatura de superfície, modelo geoespacial.    Abstract  The article aimed to analyze the thermal field in three urban regions of the city of Juiz de Fora-MG, with different types of use and occupation. The methodology used was the geospatial model of thermal potential, based on the analysis of the variables of land cover and geoenvironmental, proposed by Ferreira (2014). The model used works with 5 classes of heating potential, from the extremely low heating potential to the very high potential. Since the application of the model higher density were characterized with high heating potential and areas  which the vegetation cover prevailed a low heating potential, these results were confirmed by the surface temperature mapping. Keywords: urban climate, surface temperature, geospatial model.

scholarly journals Starting an effective Climate Service for urban applications: the ClimaMi Project in Milan.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Lavecchia ◽  
Samantha Pilati ◽  
Giuseppe Frustaci
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Time Windows ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Po Valley ◽  
Common Basis ◽  
Recent Climate

<p>Resilience plans to cope with climate change are of particular relevance in cities, because of the large and still increasing percentage of population living in urbanized environments. Urban adaptation implies general planning, but reflects also in single and limited urbanistic, engineering and architectural projects, in which local authorities as well as professionals and practitioners are directly involved.</p><p>The basic concept of ClimaMi (www.progettoclimami.it), a locally funded but easily replicable project for the city of Milan and immediate neighborhood (a densely populated and industrial area in the western-central part of Po valley in northern Italy), relies on the need to provide, bottom-up, updated and useful climatological information to agencies and personnel directly involved in public and private enterprises and management practices, which have immediate impact in present and future urban climate and citizens wellness. The 3 years Project was therefore developed as an interdisciplinary activity, directly involving not only climatologists but also local professional organizations, and producing as a first result a common basis of knowledge and technical language among different disciplines.</p><p>A second fundamental task has been the creation of an as much as possible complete database of 7 essential climatic variables and relevant derived indexes (94 in total) for specific applications, representing an updated and detailed description of the urban environment in the most recent climate. Relating mainly on a high-quality and metrologically managed climate network of urban automatic weather stations (CN by OMD), and integrating data from stations of third-party networks according to accurate selection criteria for homogeneity and reliability, a 6 years DB for 19 selected points and 6 different time windows is now openly available to professionals for direct and immediate use in their activities.</p><p>A further development has been the production of interactive GIS-based maps of air temperature distribution at medium-high resolution (100 m) in the Project area: a climatological and geostatistical methodology has been in this case applied to optimally integrate near surface measurements and space-borne observations of land skin temperature. The result is an Atlas of mean thermal fields in selected typical weather situations of specific relevance for resilience applications, for instance in case of enhanced Urban Heat Island and Heat Wave episodes. In the third and last Project year (2021), a DB and Atlas update is planned, while similar methodologies are specifically applied to precipitation.</p><p>In order to make the Project results as effective as possible with real impacts on planning and project activities, numerous capacity building courses have also been planned and activated, involving hundreds of officials and professionals. Furthermore, practical laboratories and case studies were performed in order to evaluate the real effects in the aware and informed use of updated climatological information in adaptation projects.</p>

scholarly journals SUMMER URBAN HEAT ISLAND OF GALAȚI CITY (ROMANIA) DETECTED USING SATELLITE PRODUCTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-27
Author(s):  
Ștefănel–Claudiu Crețu ◽  
Pavel Ichim ◽  
Lucian Sfîcă
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Moderate Resolution ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ◽  
The City

The paper presents the main features of the urban heat island of Galați city during the summer season for a period of 16 years (2003-2018) using MODIS products. The main objectives were to analyse the extension and geometry of the urban heat island (UHI), its intensity, as well as its connection with land cover. The study is based on LST (Land Surface Temperature), a product obtained from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensors located on board of the Terra (EOS AM-1) satellite since 2001 and Aqua (EOS PM-1) satellite since 2003. The boundaries, geometry and spatial extent of the UHI were delimited primarily through the Rodionov test. Through this method, the changing points along four transects over Galați city were identified (North-South, East-West, Northeast-Southwest and Northwest-Southeast) and have been used to delimitate the UHI. Overall, the Galați UHI assessed by satellite information is stronger during the day when the UHI is split in two centres, developed over the industrial area in the west and over the residential part of the town in the east, while during the night the UHI is weaker being developed more clearly over the oldest part of the city. One of the major characteristics of the Galați UHI is that it is highly influenced by the water bodies encircling the city. During the day the intensity of UHI reaches 2-2.5°C while during the night decreases below 2.0°C. The relation of the UHI with land cover and the attenuation of UHI in the surrounding area are also investigated.

TATA RUANG KOTA CIAMIS PASCAPERDAGANGAN DUNIA ABAD KE-19 – 20

PANALUNGTIK ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-60
Author(s):  
Nanang Saptono
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Spatial Layout ◽  
Research Data ◽  
City Development ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Economic Infrastructure ◽  
Ancient Maps ◽  
The City

The capital of Ciamis Regency has experienced several displacements. During the reign of Raden Adipati Aria Kusumadiningrat the development of the capital was encouraged to develop into a city. After the kulturstelsel era, many European capitalists invested in Ciamis. At the beginning of the 20th century economic infrastructure, especially the means of distribution of commodities is much needed. Building economic facilities have sprung up in several locations in Ciamis. Such conditions result in the development of the city. This study aims to get a picture of the spatial layout of Ciamis and the city development process. The research method applied descriptive research. Data collection is done through direct observation in the field and accompanied by the utilization of instrument in the form of ancient maps. In the area of Ciamis City there are still some old building objects that can be used as a spatial bookmark of the city. At a glance the city's development spontaneously, but visible on the basis of existing infrastructure, in the 20th century the city of Ciamis showed a planned city. The growth of Ciamis city is of course influenced by several factors including economic and geographical factors.Keywords: city, layout, planned, industrial area

Organic, Planned or Both: Alserkal Avenue: An Art District by Entrepreneurial Action in an Organic Evolutionary Context

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-118
Author(s):  
Damien D. Nouvel
Keyword(s):  
Hot Spot ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Evolutionary Processes ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Grassroots Initiatives ◽  
Evolutionary Context ◽  
Urban Scene ◽  
Entrepreneurial Action ◽  
The City

While Dubai's urban scene is dominated by planned and pre-designed developments, grassroots initiatives have always been present and have helped shape the trajectory of the city's evolution. In one case, an industrial area, Al Quoz, has seen the clustering of art businesses over a relatively short period turning it into a cultural destination. Accounting for most of such clustering, Alserkal Avenue became Dubai's art hot-spot that changed the cultural map of the city. This article describes the rise of Alserkal Avenue, not only as the result of the entrepreneurial action of the proprietors but also as a product of a complex melange of economic, cultural, and urban evolutionary processes that intertwine with the rise of the city itself.

scholarly journals Classification of Very-High-Spatial-Resolution Aerial Images Based on Multiscale Features with Limited Semantic Information

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 364
Author(s):  
Han Gao ◽  
Jinhui Guo ◽  
Peng Guo ◽  
Xiuwan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Rural Landscapes ◽  
Feature Representations ◽  
Object Based

Recently, deep learning has become the most innovative trend for a variety of high-spatial-resolution remote sensing imaging applications. However, large-scale land cover classification via traditional convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with sliding windows is computationally expensive and produces coarse results. Additionally, although such supervised learning approaches have performed well, collecting and annotating datasets for every task are extremely laborious, especially for those fully supervised cases where the pixel-level ground-truth labels are dense. In this work, we propose a new object-oriented deep learning framework that leverages residual networks with different depths to learn adjacent feature representations by embedding a multibranch architecture in the deep learning pipeline. The idea is to exploit limited training data at different neighboring scales to make a tradeoff between weak semantics and strong feature representations for operational land cover mapping tasks. We draw from established geographic object-based image analysis (GEOBIA) as an auxiliary module to reduce the computational burden of spatial reasoning and optimize the classification boundaries. We evaluated the proposed approach on two subdecimeter-resolution datasets involving both urban and rural landscapes. It presented better classification accuracy (88.9%) compared to traditional object-based deep learning methods and achieves an excellent inference time (11.3 s/ha).

Kelimpahan dan Keanekaragaman Plankton Sebagai Bioindikator Kualitas Air di Perairan Pantai Sayung Kabupaten Demak Jawa Tengah

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Isnaini Nurul Maya Evita ◽  
Riche Hariyati ◽  
Jafron Wasiq Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Chemical Parameter ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Sea Ranching ◽  
Index Value

Sayung coast is a area with a growing residential, sea ranching, and industrial area. Those aspects produce create waste that could harm the environment, directly or indirectly. Plankton is a biologic component that is used to indicate the changes of water quality in waters that has been polluted. These goals of this research are to know the water quality in Sayung coast area from the abundance of the plankton,  physical-chemical parameter of the water, and also the status of water saprobity. The samples are taken in July 2017 and April 2018, in Sayung coast waters, Demak. Plankton sampling and water from 5 sampling stasions are considered to represent the diversity of the plankton and water stability. Plankton is sampled using plankton net No.25, then preserved using 70% alcohol + 4% formaldehyde. The abiotic data measureted is nitrate content, temperature, pH, salinity, DO, and turbidity. Data analysis are done using Shannon Weiner’s diversity index (H’), diversty index (e), domination index (C), saprobic index. The result shows that there are 49 species of planktons are found, which are 38 fitoplankton, and 11 zooplankton. The highest group is Bacillariophyta which is 14,24%. The diversty index value of H’ 1,58 – 2,45; therefore the Sayung coast waters is catagorized as stable. The index value of e ranges from 0,64 – 1; index C values ranges from 0,08 – 0,22; and the saprobirity index value is in β-Meso/Polisaprobik to α-Mesosaprobik phase with a very light to very high pollution levels. The physical-chemical parameter analysis of Sayung coast waters in overall is still suitable to support plankton’s life.

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