scholarly journals Healthy Teleworking: Towards Personalized Exercise Recommendations

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3192
Author(s):  
Maricarmen Almarcha ◽  
Natàlia Balagué ◽  
Carlota Torrents
Keyword(s):  
Home Exercise ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Somatic Awareness ◽  
Dynamic Interactions ◽  
Working Environments ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Recent Computer ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Active Contribution

Home-based teleworking, associated with sedentary behavior, may impair self-reported adult health status. Current exercise recommendations, based on universal recipes, may be insufficient or even misleading to promote healthy teleworking. From the Network Physiology of Exercise perspective, health is redefined as an adaptive emergent state, product of dynamic interactions among multiple levels (from genetic to social) that cannot be reduced to a few dimensions. Under such a perspective, fitness development is focused on enhancing the individual functional diversity potential, which is better achieved through varied and personalized exercise proposals. This paper discusses some myths related to ideal or unique recommendations, like the ideal exercise or posture, and the contribution of recent computer technologies and applications for prescribing exercise and assessing fitness. Highlighting the need for creating personalized working environments and strengthening the active contribution of users in the process, new recommendations related to teleworking posture, home exercise counselling, exercise monitoring and to the roles of healthcare and exercise professionals are proposed. Instead of exercise prescribers, professionals act as co-designers that help users to learn, co-adapt and adequately contextualize exercise in order to promote their somatic awareness, job satisfaction, productivity, work–life balance, wellbeing and health.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of interactive augmented reality-based telerehabilitation in patients with adhesive capsulitis: protocol for a multi-center randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Mi Yeo ◽  
Ji Young Lim ◽  
Jong Geol Do ◽  
Jae-Young Lim ◽  
Jong In Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Adhesive Capsulitis ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Home Exercise ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Home Based

Abstract Background As the primary treatment for adhesive capsulitis, intensive and accurate home exercise is as important as physical therapy in hospitals. Augmented reality (AR)-based telerehabilitation has been implemented recently in various musculoskeletal conditions to increase patient compliance and enable patients to exercise with the correct posture. The objective of this study is to present a protocol for investigating the additive effect of interactive AR-based telerehabilitation in comparison with the usual care for patients with adhesive capsulitis. Methods This study presents the protocol of a prospective, multi-center, single-blinded, two-armed randomized controlled trial (RCT). One hundred patients with stage I or II adhesive capsulitis will be recruited at the physical medicine and rehabilitation clinic. Patients will be randomly divided into two groups with 1:1 allocation. The intervention group will receive 3 months of hospital-based physical therapy in conjunction with home-based telerehabilitation. The control group will receive 3 months of hospital-based physical therapy in conjunction with a home-based exercise described in a brochure provided by the hospital. The primary outcome will be the change in passive range of motion (ROM) of the affected shoulder joint from baseline to 12 weeks after baseline assessment. The secondary outcomes will be active ROM, pain measured with the numeric rating scale, shoulder pain and disability index, 36-Item Short Form Survey, EuroQoL-5D-5L, and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure. Discussion This will be the first RCT study protocol to investigate the effect of telerehabilitation in patients with adhesive capsulitis. The result of this RCT will determine whether AR-based telerehabilitation is more effective than a brochure-based home exercise program and will provide evidence of the usefulness of “telerehabilitation” using hardware (IoT) and software (monitoring platform) technologies to develop “digital therapeutics” for the future. Trial registration This trial was retrospectively registered at the Clinicaltrials.gov website on 20 March 2020, with the identifier NCT04316130.

scholarly journals Some limitations of modal analysis in seismic design

1969 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-288
Author(s):  
R. Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Design ◽  
Response Spectrum ◽  
Individual Member ◽  
Square Root ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Earthquake Resistant Design ◽  
Recent Computer ◽  
Computer Analyses ◽  
Design Loads ◽  
The Individual

In the normal-mode, response-spectrum approach to earthquake resistant design of multistorey buildings the extended elastic seismic design loads are frequently calculated as the square root of the sum of the squares of the modal responses. The individual member forces are then determined using these seismic design loads. Previous research workers have examined the limitations of this technique and it is accepted as being generally applicable in practical design procedures. Recent computer analyses of projected New Zealand high-rise buildings have illustrated two conditions in which the “square root of the sum of the modal responses squared” rule is inapplicable. In this note these situations are described and suggestions are made of an alternative approach which may be adopted when deriving design loads in such cases.

scholarly journals Dynamic Paths of Complexity and Accuracy in Second Language Speech: A Longitudinal Case Study of Chinese Learners

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 855-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanjing Yu ◽  
Wander Lowie
Keyword(s):  
Oral Language ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Longitudinal Case Study ◽  
Dynamic Interactions ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Complex Dynamic Systems ◽  
Chinese Learners ◽  
Oral Development ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The present study investigated the developmental patterns of Chinese EFL(AQ) learners’ oral language in terms of complexity and accuracy and looked into the dynamic interactions between them within the framework of Complex Dynamic Systems Theory (CDST). The data were analysed using dynamic analyses (moving min–max graphs, moving correlations and Monte Carlo Simulations). It was found that, firstly, at the group level, the general developmental trends of both complexity and accuracy showed improvements. Secondly, at the individual level, the developmental patterns were non-linear and dynamic with high degrees of variability, and individual language development was influenced by the initial states. Thirdly, the analyses revealed a complex interplay between complexity and accuracy, which gradually shifted from a clearly competitive relationship during the early stages to a supportive relationship in later stages. This shift in interaction shows that complexity goes hand in hand with accuracy, which corroborates the interconnectedness of subsystems as one of the major characteristics of CDST. The findings confirm the applicability of CDST approaches to L2 oral development and carry valuable implications for CDST theory development and oral language teaching.

scholarly journals 328 An Integrated Approach to Fear of Falling

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii17-iii65
Author(s):  
Eleanor Murphy ◽  
Petra McLoughlin ◽  
Fiona O'Sullivan ◽  
Ciara Connellan
Keyword(s):  
Older Persons ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Home Exercise ◽  
Activity Restriction ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Occupational Therapy Interventions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Fear of falling (FOF) is a known risk factor for falls and subsequent activity restriction which has implications for quality of life and frailty level in older persons.1 The Integrated Care Team for Older Persons in Sligo provides home-based rehabilitation for the acutely frail older adult. We noted that fear of falling was a commonly identified problem in our referral group following comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA). Our study aims to characterise interventions required. Methods Descriptive study from CGA of acutely frail older adults with a FOF in all referrals to ICTOP from June to December 2018. Results Of the 52 patients studied, 67% reported a FOF with a higher incidence in females (81% vs 45%). Increasing age was associated with a greater likelihood of FOF with 0% reported at 70-74years (n=4) and 86% at 90-95 years (n=7). There was a 1.6 times increased risk of FOF associated with cerebral vascular disease and 1.26 with mental health issues. The median Rockwood Clinical Frailty score was 6 with a median TUG of 28 seconds. Of those with a FOF, 100% received falls education, a home exercise program and advice on acquiring a pendant alarm. A mobility aid was provided in 63% and additional functional aids in 71%. Major housing adaption advice was given in 50% and additional equipment signposting and purchasing advice in 66%. Transport advice was provided in 49% of cases and onward referrals to ophthalmology and orthotics were provided in 9% and 11% respectively. There were only 2 readmissions with a fall within 30 days. Conclusion A significant cohort of ICTOP referrals report a fear of falling. Specific physiotherapy and occupational therapy interventions aim to reduce the impact of this and our low rate of readmissions due to falls indicates the success of this program.

Researching Telework

2000 ◽  
pp. 255-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole B. Ellison
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Home Based ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

This chapter examines the state of the art in telework research. The author reviews the most central scholarly literature examining the phenomenon of telework (also called home-based work or telecommuting) and develops a framework for organizing this body of work. She organizes previous research on telework into six major thematic concerns relating to the definition, measurement, and scope of telework; management of teleworkers; travel-related impacts of telework; organizational culture and employee isolation; boundaries between “home” and “work” and the impact of telework on the individual and the family. Areas for future research are suggested.

scholarly journals Obesity Prevention in Early Child Care Settings

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn S. Nanney ◽  
Tara L. LaRowe ◽  
Cynthia Davey ◽  
Natasha Frost ◽  
Chrisa Arcan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Early Child Care ◽  
Family Home

Background. Long-term evaluation studies reveal that high-quality early care and education (ECE) programs that include a lifestyle component predict later adult health outcomes. The purpose of this article is to characterize the nutrition and physical activity (PA) practices, including implementation difficulty and barriers, of licensed center- and family home-based ECE programs serving 2- to 5-year-old children in Minnesota (MN) and Wisconsin (WI). Method. A stratified random sampling procedure was used to select representative cross sections of licensed ECE providers in MN and WI. A total of 2,000 providers (1,000 center-based, 1,000 family home-based) were randomly selected and invited to respond to a 97-item survey with questions representing (1) nutrition and PA practices, (2) barriers to meeting nutrition and PA best practices, and (3) written and implemented nutrition and PA policies. Summated scales were constructed for nutrition-related (range 0-15; Cronbach’s α = .86) and for PA-related best practices (range 0-10; Cronbach’s α = .82). Results. A total of 823 providers returned surveys between August 2010 and March 2011, resulting in a 44% bistate participation rate. Across all programs an average ( SD) of 7.0 (4.1) nutrition best practices were already implemented. Center-based providers reported on average 0.8 additional nutrition best practice (7.4 vs. 6.6, p = .01). Across all programs an average ( SD) of 5.2 (3.1) PA best practices were already implemented. Center-based providers reported on average one more PA best practice (5.3 vs. 4.3, p < .01). The cost of healthy food and the weather were identified as barriers by 80% of providers, regardless of program type.

scholarly journals Pilates for breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 1006-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Costa Espíndula ◽  
Gabriella Barbosa Nadas ◽  
Maria Inês da Rosa ◽  
Charlie Foster ◽  
Florentino Cardoso de Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Diagnosis Method ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Complementary Intervention

Summary Introduction: Breast cancer is the leading type of cancer causing death in women worldwide. The incidence of the disease is expected to grow worldwide due to the aging of the population and risk factors related to lifestyle behaviors. Considering the lifestyle of women with breast cancer before or after surgery, pilates exercise may be a complementary intervention additionally to standard treatment. Objective: To analyze the efficacy of pilates compared to other exercises and to no exercise for women with breast cancer diagnosis. Method: We searched Medline via Pubmed, Embase via Ovid, Amed via EBSCO, Biosis via Ovid, Lilacs and the Cochrane Library for relevant publications until March 2017. The keywords used were pilates and “breast cancer,” and only randomized controlled trials were included. Critical appraisal was done using Risk of Bias Tool and GRADE score for assessing the quality of evidence. Results: A total of five studies were included in our review. Our results demonstrate that pilates or home-based exercises are better than no exercise in each individual study. We observed significant improvements in the pilates groups compared to home-based exercises. Additionally, in the individual studies, we observed improvements in range of motion, pain and fatigue. Conclusion: The evidence shows that pilates or home-based exercise should be encouraged to women with breast cancer.

Network Perspectives on Crime

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Gravel ◽  
George E. Tita
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Network Data ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
The Individual

Though often not mentioned by name, the importance of social networks in explaining criminal behavior, delinquency, and patterns has long been recognized in the study of crime. Theories that explain criminal behavior at the individual level being learned through the impacts of peer influences presume that the transmission of ideas and influences flow among social ties (networks) that link individuals. Cultural theories of crime work in the same way. At the community level, delinquency and criminal behavior are born among members of a community or group that adhere to a particular cultural set of norms or beliefs. The concentration of crime in particular geographic areas results when there are insufficient ties among local residents to affect informal social control in the area. Impacted neighborhoods are often described as socially isolated, lacking social ties to institutions of power that provide the investment and services needed in a healthy community. The history of the formation and activities of street gangs is a clear example of how understanding the ties among individuals, and between groups of these individuals, matter in our understanding these phenomena. Comprehending social ties among gangs and gang members and employment of social network analysis (SNA) have become mainstays of local law enforcement efforts to address the issue of gang violence. Much of the early criminological work that implicated social networks but did not explicitly acknowledge a network by name, or did not employ SNA on formal network data, did so because collecting such data is difficult at best and sometimes impossible. Though criminology has been a “late adopter” of SNA, the field is making great strides in this area. The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) research program has provided a rich set of network data to explore issues of peer influence. Researchers are using carefully collected social network data at the individual and organizational level to better understand the ability of communities to self-regulate delinquency and crime in an area. Arrest data and field identification stops are being used to generate large networks in an effort to understand how one’s position in a larger social structure might be related to an actor’s involvement in future offending or victimization. As the field of criminology continues to adopt a network perspective in the study of crime, it is important to understand the development of social networks within the field. Critically examining the strengths and weaknesses of network data, especially in terms of the process by which data are generated, can lead to better applications of network analysis in the future.

scholarly journals Individual-, Community-, and Health System–Level Barriers to Optimal Type 2 Diabetes Care for Inner-City African Americans: An Integrative Review and Model Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-27
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Campbell ◽  
Leonard E. Egede
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Health System ◽  
System Level ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
The Individual

Purpose The purpose of this integrative review is (1) to elucidate the unique barriers faced by inner-city African Americans for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) care; (2) to identify effective interventions/programs for optimal T2DM care at the individual, community, and health systems levels; and (3) to integrate 2 behavioral models and 1 social ecological model for framing interventions for inner-city African American to optimize T2DM care. Methods PRISMA guidelines were followed to systematically search PubMed, PsychInfo, and CINAHL. Integration of models was based on underlying principles of social ecological models. Results The search returned 1183 articles. Forty-six articles were synthesized after applying inclusion criteria. Multiple barriers for the individual level, community level, and health system level were identified. Major barriers include lack of knowledge, lack of social support, and self-management support. Interventions identified in this review show that among inner-city African Americans with T2DM, the focus is placed at the health systems level, with very limited focus toward addressing individual- and community-level barriers. Final synthesis includes development of a new integrated model that explains barriers to care across multiple levels. Conclusions These findings highlight the fragmentation that may be occurring between policy, research, and practice for achieving health equity and addressing health disparities for T2DM care among inner-city African Americans. The new model is an important step in the pursuit of equity in T2DM by specifying the complex barriers that occur across multiple levels. The application of this model using the 2017 National Standards for Diabetes–Self Management Education and Support are discussed.

scholarly journals Modeling spatial navigation in the presence of dynamic obstacles: a differential games approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 990-1004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuja Darekar ◽  
Valery Goussev ◽  
Bradford J. McFadyen ◽  
Anouk Lamontagne ◽  
Joyce Fung
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Differential Games ◽  
Dynamic Interactions ◽  
Obstacle Circumvention ◽  
Locomotor Strategy ◽  
Model Components ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Healthy Participants ◽  
Moving Obstacle ◽  
The Continuum

Obstacle circumvention strategies can be shaped by the dynamic interaction of an individual (evader) and an obstacle (pursuer). We have developed a mathematical model with predictive and emergent components, using experimental data from seven healthy young adults walking toward a target while avoiding collision with a stationary or moving obstacle (approaching head-on, or diagonally 30° left or right) in a virtual environment. Two linear properties from the predictive component enable the evader to predict the minimum distance between itself and the obstacle at all times, including the future intersection of trajectories. The emergent component uses the classical differential games model to solve for an optimal circumvention while reaching the target, wherein the locomotor strategy is influenced by the obstacle, target, and the evader velocity. Both model components were fitted to a different set of experimental data obtained from five poststroke and healthy participants to derive the minimum predicted distance (predictive component) and obstacle influence dimensions (emergent component) during circumvention. Minimum predicted distance between evader and pursuer was kept constant when the evader was closest to the obstacle in all participants. Obstacle influence dimensions varied depending on obstacle approach condition and preferred side of circumvention, reflecting differences in locomotor strategies between poststroke and healthy individuals. Additionally, important associations between model outputs and observed experimental outcomes were found. The model, supported by experimental data, suggests that both predictive and emergent processes can shape obstacle circumvention strategies in healthy and poststroke individuals.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Obstacle circumvention during goal-directed locomotion is modeled with a new mathematical approach comprising both predictive and emergent elements. The major novelty is using differential games solutions to illustrate the dynamic interactions between the individual as an evader and the approaching obstacle as a pursuer. The model is supported by experimental evidence that explains the behavior along the continuum of locomotor adaptation displayed by healthy subjects and individuals with stroke.

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