scholarly journals A Delphi-Régnier Study Addressing the Challenges of Textile Recycling in Europe for the Fashion and Apparel Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 11700
Author(s):  
Joséphine Riemens ◽  
Andrée-Anne Lemieux ◽  
Samir Lamouri ◽  
Léonore Garnier
Keyword(s):  
Delphi Study ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Apparel Industry ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Fashion Industry ◽  
Current State ◽  
Theory To Practice ◽  
Textile Recycling ◽  
Eu Policies ◽  
Incentive Policies

The increasing resource pressure and the expanding amount of textile waste have been rising recycling as a clear priority for the fashion and apparel industry. However, textile recycling remains limited and is therefore a targeted issue in the forthcoming EU policies. As the fashion industry is embedded in complex value chains, enhancing textile recycling entails a comprehensive understanding of the existing challenges. Yet, the literature review suggests only limited empirical studies in the sector, and a dedicated state-of-the-art is still lacking. Filling this gap, a Delphi study was conducted supplemented by the Regnier’s Abacus technique. Through an iterative, anonymous, and controlled feedback process, the obstacles collected from the extant literature were collectively discussed with a representative panel of 28 experts, compared to the situation in Europe. After two rounds, the lack of eco-design practices, the absence of incentive policies, and the lack of available and accurate information on the product components emerged as the most consensual statements. Linking theory to practice, this paper aims to improve consistency in the understanding of the current state of textile recycling in Europe, while providing an encompassing outline of the current experts’ opinion on the priority challenges for the sector.

scholarly journals Fostering sustainable consumer behavior regarding clothing: Assessing trends on purchases, recycling and disposal

2020 ◽  
pp. 004051752094452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arminda Paço ◽  
Walter Leal Filho ◽  
Lucas V Ávila ◽  
Karen Dennis
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
International Study ◽  
Apparel Industry ◽  
Clothing Industry ◽  
Fashion Industry ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Textile Recycling ◽  
Awareness Raising ◽  
Disposal Behavior

The apparel industry, which includes the clothing/garment sector, encompasses the supply chain of clothing and garments, starting with the textile and fashion industry, all the way to fashion retailers and the trade with second-hand clothes and textile recycling. This sector is characterized by substantial wastes, which may be minimized by means of textile recycling. This paper reports on the results of an international study on sustainable clothing consumption. This paper identifies and analyzes attitudes and behaviors regarding the clothing industry in a sample of 203 individuals. The results suggest a number of trends. Firstly, they show the complexity of purchase habits. The reasons why individuals dispose of their old or not used clothes are manifold, and include objective and subjective factors. Also, the paper illustrates the existence of disparities in respect of clothing use and disposal behavior. Finally, the results suggest that there is a need for more awareness-raising initiatives, in order to make consumers more conscious about the options available and the need for a more sustainable use of clothing.

Investigating the Multimodal Nature of Human Communication

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silke Paulmann ◽  
Sarah Jessen ◽  
Sonja A. Kotz
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Channel Condition ◽  
Prosodic Cues ◽  
Early Processing ◽  
Related Potentials

The multimodal nature of human communication has been well established. Yet few empirical studies have systematically examined the widely held belief that this form of perception is facilitated in comparison to unimodal or bimodal perception. In the current experiment we first explored the processing of unimodally presented facial expressions. Furthermore, auditory (prosodic and/or lexical-semantic) information was presented together with the visual information to investigate the processing of bimodal (facial and prosodic cues) and multimodal (facial, lexic, and prosodic cues) human communication. Participants engaged in an identity identification task, while event-related potentials (ERPs) were being recorded to examine early processing mechanisms as reflected in the P200 and N300 component. While the former component has repeatedly been linked to physical property stimulus processing, the latter has been linked to more evaluative “meaning-related” processing. A direct relationship between P200 and N300 amplitude and the number of information channels present was found. The multimodal-channel condition elicited the smallest amplitude in the P200 and N300 components, followed by an increased amplitude in each component for the bimodal-channel condition. The largest amplitude was observed for the unimodal condition. These data suggest that multimodal information induces clear facilitation in comparison to unimodal or bimodal information. The advantage of multimodal perception as reflected in the P200 and N300 components may thus reflect one of the mechanisms allowing for fast and accurate information processing in human communication.

Enzymatic textile recycling – best practices and outlook

2021 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2110291
Author(s):  
Benjamin Piribauer ◽  
Andreas Bartl ◽  
Wolfgang Ipsmiller
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Textile Processing ◽  
Current State ◽  
Industrial Implementation ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Textile Recycling ◽  
Textile Sector ◽  
Suitable Process

Recently, textiles and their end-of-life management have become the focus of public and political attention. In the European Union the revised waste framework directive defines textiles as municipal waste and stipulates their separate collection by 2025. In the context of these developments, this paper summarises briefly the current state-of-the-art in textile recycling. It is evident that recycling methods are not yet fully developed. This is especially the case with multi-material textiles, which are composed of two or more polymers that are incompatible for recycling. In the practical part of the communication, results are presented which show that enzymatic hydrolysis is a suitable process for recycling textiles made of cotton and polyester. After a complete removal of cotton, the remaining pure polyester fibres undergo a re-granulation and post-condensation step. The so obtained recycled polyester is fed back into the textile processing chain and finally towels are obtained. The main steering parameters of the enzymatic hydrolysis process are described. The study proves that solutions in accordance with the Circular Economy in the textile sector are available but an industrial implementation has not yet been realised.

scholarly journals Empirical studies of collaborative information seeking: a review of methodological issues

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morten Hertzum ◽  
Preben Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Information Seeking ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Statistical Testing ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Current State ◽  
Lab Experiments ◽  
Major Implication ◽  
Collaborative Information Seeking ◽  
Study Setting

Purpose Information seeking is often performed in collaborative contexts. The research into such collaborative information seeking (CIS) has been proceeding since the 1990s but lacks methodological discussions. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and discuss methodological issues in existing CIS studies. Design/methodology/approach The authors systematically review 69 empirical CIS studies. Findings The review shows that the most common methods of data collection are lab experiments (43 percent), observation (19 percent) and surveys (16 percent), that the most common methods of data analysis are description (33 percent), statistical testing (29 percent) and content analysis (19 percent) and that CIS studies involve a fairly even mix of novice, intermediate and specialist participants. However, the authors also find that CIS research is dominated by exploratory studies, leaves it largely unexplored in what ways the findings of a study may be specific to the particular study setting, appears to assign primacy to precision at the expense of generalizability, struggles with investigating how CIS activities extend over time and provides data about behavior to a larger extent than about reasons, experiences and especially outcomes. Research limitations/implications The major implication of this review is its identification of the need for a shared model to which individual CIS studies can contribute in a cumulative manner. To support the development of such a model, the authors discuss a model of the core CIS process and a model of the factors that trigger CIS. Originality/value This study assesses the current state of CIS research, provides guidance for future CIS studies and aims to inspire further methodological discussion.

Game-based Intervention Reporting Guidelines (GAMING): A Review on the Conceptual Ambiguity Surrounding Gamification and Serious Games in Healthcare (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Warsinsky ◽  
Manuel Schmidt-Kraepelin ◽  
Sascha Rank ◽  
Scott Thiebes ◽  
Ali Sunyaev
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Serious Games ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Healthcare Research ◽  
Reporting Guidelines ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Current State ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Intervention Reporting

BACKGROUND In healthcare, using game-based intervention approaches to increase motivation, engagement, and overall sustainability of health behaviors is steadily becoming more common. The most prevailing approaches for such game-based interventions in healthcare research are gamification and serious games. Various researchers have discussed substantial conceptual differences between these two concepts, supported by empirical studies showing differences in the effects on specific health behaviors. However, researchers also frequently report cases where terms related to these two concepts are used ambiguously or even interchangeably. It remains unclear to which extent existing healthcare research explicitly distinguishes between gamification and serious games and whether it draws on existing conceptual considerations in order to do so. OBJECTIVE Our study aims to address this lack of knowledge by capturing the current state of conceptualizations of gamification and serious games in healthcare research. Furthermore, we provide tools for researchers to disambiguate reporting on game-based interventions. METHODS We employed a 2-step research approach. First, we conducted a systematic literature review of 206 studies published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research and its sister journals containing terms related to either gamification, serious games, or both. We analyzed their conceptualizations of gamification and serious games, as well as distinctions between the two concepts. Second, based on the literature review findings, we developed a set of guidelines for researchers reporting on game-based interventions and evaluated them with a group of 7 experts from the field. RESULTS Our results show that less than half of concept mentions are accompanied by an explicit definition. For the distinction between the two concepts, we identified 4 common approaches: implicit distinction, synonymous use of terms, serious games as gamified systems, and distinction based on the full game dimension. Our Game-based Intervention Reporting Guidelines (GAMING) consist of 25 items grouped into 4 topics: (1) Conceptual Focus, (2) Contribution, (3) Mindfulness about Related Concepts, and (4) Individual Concept Definitions. CONCLUSIONS Conceptualizations of gamification and serious games in healthcare literature are strongly heterogeneous, leading to conceptual ambiguity. Following the GAMING guidelines can support authors in rigorous reporting on study results of game-based interventions.

時尚設計著作權可分離性論戰──以美國Star Athletica案為核心

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 215-281
Author(s):  
許炳華 許炳華
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Copyright Protection ◽  
Apparel Industry ◽  
Copyright Law ◽  
Judicial System ◽  
Fashion Industry ◽  
Single Test ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Difficult Area

美國著作權法之概念上分離自1954年起即引發時尚業及司法實務之混亂，在著作權法之範疇，將美感與實用放在一起總是引發違和之感覺，實用性物品之可著作性為今日著作權法最艱難的爭議之一，「可分離性」原則即被用以處理上開疑難，然而該等原則描述容易，適用卻是困難，而多種現存之概念上分離的標準，使得著作權對於實用性物品之保護成為著作權法中最困難之領域，單一之標準容或降低司法實務間之緊張關係，而得以提供穩定之先例及可預測之結果。美國聯邦最高法院在最近之Star Athletica, L. L. C. v. Varsity Brands, Inc.案即被認為有釐清上開難題之機會，Star Athletica案提出可分離性之新途徑，著作權法並未定義可分離性，Star Athletica案可謂司法意欲填補該等模糊空間最新之嘗試，然而仍被批評所提出之標準缺乏明確性及清晰之指引，多數意見僅僅對法條加以釋義，且對於功能性之理論視若無睹。不過，Star Athletica案亦被認為對於時尚及配件產業，可謂恩賜，如果寬鬆地適用Star Athletica案最高法院所提出之新標準，有可能具備藝術特徵之實用性物品獲得著作權保護之機會將大增。 Conceptual separability in U. S. copyright law has been causing confusion in the fashion industry amongst American since 1954. In copyright law, the marriage of beauty and utility often proves fraught. One of the most difficult issues arising under the Copyright Act today is the copyrightability of useful articles. Seperability doctrine is used to deal with the issues. The doctrine has been easy to state but difficult to apply. The numerous existing tests for conceptual separability have made copyright protection of useful articles an exceedingly difficult area of copyright law. A single test for conceptual separability would alleviate conflict and tension with the judicial system, which would provide firm precedent and predictable outcomes. In Star Athletica, L. L. C. v. Varsity Brands, Inc., the U. S. Supreme Court had an opportunity to clarify the issues. In Star Athletica case, the Supreme Court recently unveiled a new approach to separability. The Copyright Act does not define separability, and Star Athletica is the latest judicial effort to try to fill that void. But the reasoning of Star Athletica still lacks clarity. The majority did little more than paraphrase the statue, and downplayed the functionality concern. Even so, Star Athletica decision is predictrd to be a boon to the fashion and apparel industry.

Knowledge Transfer Issues in Teaching

2017 ◽  
pp. 58-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeta Baporikar
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Research Knowledge ◽  
Professional Schools ◽  
Current State ◽  
Theory To Practice ◽  
Knowledge Management Practices ◽  
Organizational Science ◽  
Practical Implications

Professional schools typically build their raison d'être on the mission of developing knowledge that can be translated into skills that advance the practice of the professions. On the other hand practitioners fail to adopt the findings of research in fields be it medicine, management or engineering. Further, knowledge created is not always in the usage mode, that too in real life practical situation. Action scientists focused on the characteristics and behaviors of researchers to explain this lack of implementation of research knowledge. Identifying the major gaps between scientific knowledge and actual knowledge transfer issues is crucial in today's scenario. Hence, the purpose of this chapter is to identify knowledge transfer issues, discuss the issues and advancements therein, and highlight practical implications of relating theory to practice with focus on management discipline. The issues discussed herein are not only of utmost importance but crucial for understanding, given the current state of management education, organizational science and knowledge management practices.

Circular Economy Principles and Their Influence on Attitudes to Consume Green Products in the Fashion Industry

2020 ◽  
pp. 248-275
Author(s):  
Luisa Cagica Carvalho ◽  
Sandrina B. Moreira ◽  
Rui Dias ◽  
Susana Rodrigues ◽  
Berta Costa
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Fashion Industry ◽  
Green Products ◽  
Analysis Study ◽  
Key Factor

Designing circular economy (CE) implies the adoption of a set of circular principles that support a society for the future. Understanding how CE principles influence attitudes to consume green products is a key factor aligned with consumer trends. This chapter aims to study how CE principles influence attitudes to consume green products in a particular case of fashion industry. Very few empirical studies on the perceptions of the fashion “users” exist. This chapter aims to bring some inputs to this topic. The methodology uses a path analysis study based on a sample of 110 respondents collected in a higher education institution in Portugal. The estimated model allows to test the relation between a set of variables, and the study reveals that: CE principles have a direct effect on the attitudes on the green products consumption in fashion industry in the sample considered.

SUPPORTING DECISION-MAKING IN SOFTWARE ENGINEERING WITH PROCESS SIMULATION AND EMPIRICAL STUDIES

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (05) ◽  
pp. 531-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
IOANA RUS ◽  
MICHAEL HALLING ◽  
STEFAN BIFFL
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Software Engineering ◽  
Process Simulation ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Empirical Knowledge ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Current State ◽  
Parameter Variations ◽  
Support Decision Making

Decision-making is a complex and important task in software engineering. The current state-of-the-practice is rather non-systematic as it typically relies upon personal judgment and experience without using explicit models. Empirical studies can help but they are costly to conduct and, to some extent, context dependent. Typically it is not efficient or even possible to conduct empirical studies for a large number of context parameter variations. Process simulation offers decision support as well, but currently suffers from a lack of empirical knowledge on the determinants of underlying system dynamics. In this paper we present an assessment of empirical knowledge and simulation techniques for the area of quality assurance planning. There is a strong interdependency between process simulation and empirical models for decision-making in this area: (a) profound empirical knowledge enables process simulation to support decision-making, and (b) the analysis of simulation results can point out situations and factors for which conducting empirical studies would be most worthwhile. This paper discusses critically some of the most important challenges for decision-making in the area of quality assurance planning.

The State of the Law on Euthanasia in Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Moni Wekesa ◽  
Martin Awori
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Case Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Right To Die ◽  
Criminal Offence ◽  
Dual Effect ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Law ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
The Right

The general position of the law on euthanasia worldwide is that all states recognise their duty to preserve life. Courts in various jurisdictions have refused to interpret the 'right to life' or the 'right to dignity' to also include the 'right to die'. Instead, they have held that the state has a duty to protect life. Three categories can however be noted. At one extreme are those countries that have totally criminalised any appearance of euthanasia. In the middle are countries that prohibit what appears to be active euthanasia while at the same time tolerating 'dual-effect' treatment and withdrawal of artificial feeding. At the other extreme are countries that allow euthanasia. Even in this last category of countries, there are stringent guidelines embedded in the law to prevent a situation of 'free for all'. Anecdotal evidence, some empirical studies and case law seem to suggest that euthanasia goes on in many countries irrespective of the law. Euthanasia is a criminal offence in Kenya. However, there have been no empirical studies to ascertain whether euthanasia goes on in spite of the law. This article surveys the current state of the practice of euthanasia globally and narrows down to elaborate on the state of affairs in Kenya.

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