scholarly journals Relationship between Urine Creatinine and Urine Osmolality in Spot Samples among Men and Women in the Danish Diet Cancer and Health Cohort

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 282
Author(s):  
Selinay Ozdemir ◽  
Clara G. Sears ◽  
James M. Harrington ◽  
Aslak Harbo Poulsen ◽  
Jessie Buckley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Urine Osmolality ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Urine Biomarkers ◽  
Urine Creatinine ◽  
Muscle Catabolism ◽  
The Relationship

Assays of urine biomarkers often use urine creatinine to account for urinary dilution, even though creatinine levels are influenced by underlying physiology and muscle catabolism. Urine osmolality—a measure of dissolved particles including ions, glucose, and urea—is thought to provide a more robust marker of urinary dilution but is seldom measured. The relationship between urine osmolality and creatinine is not well understood. We calculated correlation coefficients between urine creatinine and osmolality among 1375 members of a subcohort of the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health Cohort, and within different subgroups. We used linear regression to relate creatinine with osmolality, and a lasso selection procedure to identify other variables that explain remaining variability in osmolality. Spearman correlation between urine creatinine and osmolality was strong overall (ρ = 0.90; 95% CI: 0.89–0.91) and in most subgroups. Linear regression showed that urine creatinine explained 60% of the variability in urine osmolality, with another 9% explained by urine thallium (Tl), cesium (Cs), and strontium (Sr). Urinary creatinine and osmolality are strongly correlated, although urine Tl, Cs, and Sr might help supplement urine creatinine for purposes of urine dilution adjustment when osmolality is not available.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Vertical Loadrates and Tibial Acceleration Across Footstrike Patterns

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 2473011418S0020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Davis ◽  
Todd Hayano ◽  
Adam Tenforde
Keyword(s):  
Impact Loading ◽  
Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Vertical Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Vertical Ground ◽  
Tibial Acceleration ◽  
The Relationship

Category: Other Introduction/Purpose: While the etiology of injuries is multifactorial, impact loading, as measured by the loadrate of the vertical ground reaction force has been implicated. These loadrates are typically measured with a force plate. However, this limits the measure of impacts to laboratory environments. Tibial acceleration, another measure of running impacts, is considered a surrogate for loadrate. It can be measured using new wearable technology that can be used in a runner’s natural environment. However, the correlation between tibial acceleration measured from mobile devices and vertical ground reaction force loadrates, measured from forceplates, is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between vertical and resultant loadrates to vertical and resultant tibial acceleration across different footstrike patterns (FSP) in runners. Methods: The study involved a sample of convenience made up of 169 runners (74 F, 95 M; age: 38.66±13.08 yrs) presenting at a running injury clinic. This included 25 habitual forefoot strike (FFS), 17 midfoot strike (MFS) and 127 rearfoot strike (RFS) runners. Participants ran on an instrumented treadmill (average speed 2.52±0.25 m/s), with a tri-axial accelerometer attached at the left distal medial tibia. Only subjects running with pain <3/10 on a VAS scale during the treadmill run were included to reduce the confounding effect of pain. Vertical average, vertical instantaneous and resultant instantaneous loadrates (VALR, VILR and RILR) and peak vertical and resultant tibial accelerations (VTA, RTA) were averaged for 8 consecutive left steps. Correlation coefficients (r) were calculated between tibial accelerations and loadrates. Results: All tibial accelerations were significantly correlated across all loadrates, with the exception of RTA with VILR for FFS (Table 1) which was nearly significant (p=0.068). Correlations ranged from 0.37-0.82. VTA was strongly correlated with all loadrates (r = 0.66). RTA was also strongly correlated with both loadrates for RFS and MFS, but only moderately correlated with loadrates for FFS (r = 0.47). Correlations were similar across the different loadrates (VALR, VILR, RILR). Conclusion: The stronger correlation between vertical tibial acceleration and all loadrates (VALR, VILR, RILR) suggests that it may be the best surrogate for loadrates when studying impact loading in runners.

scholarly journals The mediating effect of optimism between grit and learning flow of nursing students

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-151
Author(s):  
Young Sook Kim ◽  
Kyoung Sook Lee
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Nursing College ◽  
Learning Flow ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
One Way Anova

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating effect of optimism on the relationship between grit and learning flow in nursing college students. Methods: Structured self-reported questionnaires were used to measure grit, optimism and learning flow. The study was conducted on 200 nursing students in P, U and J cities between September 1 and September 20, 2020. The data were analyzed using a t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficients and hierarchical multiple linear regression with SPSS/WIN 23.0. Results: Significant relationships were found between learning flow and grit (r=.60, p<.001), between learning flow and optimism (r=.42, p<.001), and between grit and optimism (r=.42, p<.001). Additionally, optimism had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between grit and learning flow (Z=3.11, p<.001). Conclusion: These results indicate that interventions to increase the level of grit along with optimism is necessary in order to increase the level of nursing college students’ learning flow.

The relationship between the body shape of living pigs and their carcass morphology and composition

2004 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Doeschl ◽  
D. M. Green ◽  
C. T. Whittemore ◽  
C. P. Schofield ◽  
A. V. Fisher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Muscle Weight ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe conformation, tissue composition, and chemical composition of three types of pigs, given food ad libitum and slaughtered over a nominal live weight range of 35 to 115 kg, was assessed in relation to data provided on the live animals by a visual image analysis (VIA) system. The pig types were named as ‘3⁄4 Landrace’, ‘1⁄2 Pietrain’, and ‘1⁄4 Meishan’ types, representing ‘attenuated’, ‘blocky’, and ‘flabby’ types. Three analyses of the shape, conformation and composition data were performed. First, the relationship between conformation and age/size was assessed using linear regression of logarithmically transformed VIA and carcass data. In relation to age, ‘1⁄2 Pietrain’ pigs were found by both VIA and carcass measurements to have the widest shoulders. Both analyses also found this type to have the widest ham, trunk, and shoulders in relation to body length across most of the body length range studied, although the greatest rate of increase in ham width in relation to body length was found in the ‘1/4 Meishan’ type pigs. Second, the relationship between composition and VIA shape was examined using linear regression of transformed and standardized data. Significant relationships were found between fat, lipid, muscle, and protein weight and VIA shape, although relationships were weaker for protein and muscle weight. For fat and lipid, the VIA shape measures from the trunk region proved the most informative, whereas the VIA ham measures proved the most informative for muscle and protein. Third, detrended measures of composition/conformation and shape were used to remove the effect of animal size from the data. Removal of the variation due to growth generally led to substantial decreases in the adjusted R2statistics and in the R2-like statistics for prediction. Although in the models without detrending, relative fat and lipid weight had been found most strongly correlated with VIA shape, relative muscle was found most strongly correlated with shape in the detrended data. This was considered to result from the low between-animal variation in the data set combined with greater across-weight variation in fat and lipid weights than muscle and protein weights in the data without trend removal. Future trials with greater between-animal variation imposed would allow more precise determination of the relationship between conformation and shape.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Relationship between Trauma, Anxiety, Depression and Stress in Kerman Emergency Medical and Emergency Center 115

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Soltaninejad ◽  
Mohsen Aminizadeh ◽  
Amin Saberinia
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Emergency Center ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: The efficacy of psychological and pharmacological approaches is broadly similar in the acute treatment of psychopharmacology disorders. One of the most important stressful environmental stimuli that can cause chronic stress is people's jobs. And since promoting the mental health of individuals in a society, especially its constituent classes, is essential to the dynamics and growth of that society, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between trauma caused by accident and anxiety, depression, and stress in Kerman Emergency Medical and Emergency Center during 2019. Methods: This is a descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population was all 70 personnel members of Emergency Medical and 115 Emergency Centers in Kerman. The Depression, Stress and Anxiety Scale 21 and Trauma Screening were used as the instruments of measurement. Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients through SPSS software were used to test the hypotheses. Results: There is a significant and direct correlation between trauma caused by accidents and personnel anxiety with a correlation coefficient of 0.407. Also, there is a significant and direct correlation between trauma caused by accidents and personnel depression with a correlation coefficient of 0.407. There is also a significant and direct relationship between trauma caused by accidents and personnel stress with a correlation coefficient of 0.388. Conclusion: Our data suggested that mental health along with personality traits is a solution to reduce stress and anxiety resulting from the personnel facing trauma caused by accidents.

scholarly journals Studying the Relationship between Workplace Incivility and Employees’ Job Positive Attitude in Rafsanjan Tejarat Banks

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ziaddini ◽  
Hamid Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Workplace Incivility ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Statistical Software ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Meaningful Relationship ◽  
Statistical Sample ◽  
The Relationship

Workplace Incivility is one of negative and deviational behaviors involved in present organizations and can affect on employees’ attitudes. This research aims to study the relationship between Workplace Incivility and employees’ job positive attitude in Rafsanjan Tejarat banks. Statistical society of the research includes employed employees of Rafsanjan Tejarat banks containing 152 people and regarding limitation of statistical society, statistical sample is selected equal to statistical society. Measuring instruments are two questionnaires. Questionnaire of discourtesy behavior that was designed and organized by Hasani (2013) is 0.92. Also to measure job positive attitudes, standard questionnaire of Saeedi (2012) is used for which validity is 0.98. Using Cronbach alpha method reliabilities for every questionnaire are 0.87 and 0.94 respectively. To test hypotheses Kendal and Spearman correlation coefficients are used. All statistical analyses are done by SPSS statistical software. Regarding the results it is determined that there is no meaningful relationship between Workplace Incivility and its components ( excluding others, gossiping, roughness and hostility) with employees’ job positive attitudes in Rafsanjan Tejarat banks.

scholarly journals Relatedness of Antibodies to Peptides Containing Homocitrulline or Citrulline in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Lac ◽  
Maud Racapé ◽  
Lillian Barra ◽  
David A. Bell ◽  
Ewa Cairns
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Peptide Backbone ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Citrullinated Protein ◽  
Homologous Peptide

Objective.Antibodies that target citrullinated protein/peptide (ACPA) and homocitrullinated/carbamylated protein/peptide (AHCPA) are associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The relationship between ACPA and AHCPA remains unclear. We examined the expression and cross-reactivity of these antibodies using citrulline- and homocitrulline-containing synthetic peptides, CitJED and HomoCitJED, respectively, which have equal numbers of citrulline or homocitrulline residues on the same peptide backbone.Methods.Serum from healthy subjects (n = 51) and patients with RA (n = 137), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE; n = 37), and psoriatic arthritis (PsA; n = 37) were screened for IgG anti-CitJED and anti-HomoCitJED antibodies by ELISA. Cross-reactivity of these antibodies was examined by inhibition with various concentrations of CitJED and HomoCitJED.Results.Out of 137 patients with RA, antibodies to CitJED and HomoCitJED were detected in 69 (50%) and 78 (57%), respectively. Anti-CitJED and HomoCitJED antibodies were 77% concordant and their levels were strongly correlated [Spearman correlation coefficient (rs) = 0.6676]. Sera from 25/27 patients (93%) with RA were inhibited by both CitJED and HomoCitJED with equal or higher affinity for the cognate (homologous) peptide.Conclusion.Antibodies to CitJED and HomoCitJED frequently occurred in RA, but were not found in SLE or PsA, suggesting that these antibodies are specific to RA. Cross-reactivity between anti-HomoCitJED and anti-CitJED antibodies suggests that ACPA and AHCPA are derived from the same B cell population and both may contribute to the pathogenesis of RA.

scholarly journals Hubungan Depresi dan Sindrom Dispepsia pada Pasien Penderita Keganasan Yang Menjalani Kemoterapi di RSUP DR. M. Djamil Padang

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Mona Rahmi Rulianti1 ◽  
Dedy Almasdy ◽  
Arina Widya Murni
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Beck Depression Inventory ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Final Conclusion ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

AbstrakGangguan psikologi dan sindrom dispepsia (seperti mual dan muntah) merupakan hal yang sering terjadi pada pasien kanker yang menjalani kemoterapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan depresi dengan sindrom dispepsia yang terjadi pada pasien keganasan yang menjalani kemoterapi. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan cross sectional dengan menggunakan kuisioner. Didapatkan pasien sebanyak 56 pasien keganasan yang menjalani kemoterapi di bangsal Penyakit Dalam, Bedah dan Obstetri & Ginekologi RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang selama 3 bulan (Desember 2012-Februari 2013). Depresi dinilai dengan wawancara menggunakan kuisioner BDI (Beck Depression Inventory) II. Dispepsia dinilai dengan menggunakan kuisioner pedoman skor dispepsia. Data dianalisis dengan SPSS 17 menggunakan analisis korelasi bivariat Spearman. Koefisien korelasi untuk depresi dan sindrom dispepsia adalah 0,387. Kesimpulan akhir dari penelitian ini adalah ada hubungan yang cukup dan searah (p<0,01) antara depresi dan sindrom dispepsia yang terjadi pada pasien keganasan yang menjalani kemoterapi.Kata kunci: kanker, kemoterapi, depresi, sindrom dispepsiaAbstractPsychological disorders and dyspepsia syndromes (such as nausea and vomiting) is a common thing in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. This study aims to examine the relationship of depression with dyspepsia syndrome that occurs in patients with malignancies who are undergoing chemotherapy. Methods this study uses cross-sectional design using questionnaires. Obtained for 56 patients who underwent chemotherapy malignancy patients in wards Internal Medicine, Surgery and Obstetrics & Gynecology in Hospital Dr. M. Djamil Padang for 3 months (December 2012-February 2013). Depression was assessed by interview using a questionnaire BDI (Beck Depression Inventory) II. Dyspepsia assessed using questionnaires guidelines dyspepsia score. Data were analyzed with SPSS 17 using bivariate Spearman correlation analysis. The correlation coefficients for depression and dyspepsia syndrome was 0.387. The final conclusion of this study is that there are sufficient and direct relationship (p <0.01) between depression and dyspepsia syndrome that occurs in patients with malignancies who are undergoing chemotherapy.Keywords: cancer, chemotherapy, depression, dyspepsia syndrome

scholarly journals Relationship between Anthropometric Parameters and Throwing Speed in Amateur Male Handball Players at Different Ages

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 7022
Author(s):  
Jaime Tuquet ◽  
Juan Carlos Zapardiel ◽  
Jose M. Saavedra ◽  
Diego Jaén-Carrillo ◽  
Demetrio Lozano
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Simple Correlation ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Arm Span ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
The Relationship

The objectives of this study were: (i) to analyse anthropometric parameters and throwing speed from seven meters in amateur male handball players of different ages; (ii) to know the relationship between anthropometric parameters and throwing. One hundred seventy-six male handball players (16.5 ± 5.1 years old) participated in the study, classified according to their age: senior (n = 35), U18 (n = 30), U16 (n = 37), U14 (n = 50) and U12 (n = 24). All participants were evaluated by anthropometric measurements (height, weight, body mass index, arm span, hand width) and throwing speed from 7 m standing. A one-way analysis of variance with a Bonferroni post hoc test was used to establish the differences between teams. Pearson’s simple correlation coefficients were calculated between analyse anthropometric parameters and throwing speed. Multiple linear regression was used to predict the throwing speed. Only BMI was related with throwing speed in all age groups (0.506 > r < 0.813, p < 0.05). Throwing speed was predicted (24–72%) with only one or two variables in each model. The selected variables were: BMI, arm span in U16 model and height U14 model, and the BMI, arm span and height are proved to be good predictors of TS in male handball players.

scholarly journals Relationship between muscle strength and motor function in Duchenne muscular dystrophy

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 530-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milene F. Nunes ◽  
Michele E. Hukuda ◽  
Francis M. Favero ◽  
Acary B. Oliveira ◽  
Mariana C. Voos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Medical Research Council ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Ambulatory Patients ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Function Measure

ABSTRACT Measuring muscle strength and motor function is part of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) assessment. However, the relationship between these variables is controversial. Objective To investigate the relationship between muscle strength and motor function and between these variables and age. Method Muscle strength was measured by Medical Research Council (MRC) scale and motor function, by Motor Function Measure (MFM), in 40 non-ambulatory patients. Spearman tests investigated the relationships between muscle strength, motor function and age. Results Total MRC and MFM scores were strongly related to each other (r = 0.94; p < 0.001), but not to age (r = -0.19, r = -0.31, respectively; p > 0.05). Strong and moderate relationships between partial muscle strength and motor function scores were found. Higher correlation coefficients were found between total scores and Dimensions 2 (axial/ proximal control) and 3 (distal control) of MFM. Conclusion Muscle strength and motor function are strongly correlated and seem to decrease proportionally in DMD.

Abstract MP69: How Well Do Cardiovascular Risk Factors Before and During Pregnancy Correlate? The International Childhood Cardiovascular Cohort (i3C) Consortium

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily W Harville ◽  
Lydia Bazzano ◽  
Jessica Woo ◽  
Trudy Burns ◽  
Olli Raitakari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Vascular Effects ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Pregnancy complications such as gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia predict later cardiovascular (CV) outcomes. However, it still is not clear whether pregnancy complications unmask preexisting impairments or instigate lasting injury. If pre-pregnancy and during-pregnancy CV risk factors are strongly correlated, it becomes more plausible that pregnancy unmasks an existing problem than creating a new one. Methods: Data from the i3C Consortium, a group of studies assessing the relationship between child/adolescent CV risk factors and adult outcomes, were used. 290 women from four cohorts had data on the same risk factor (blood pressure, lipids, glucose) from visits both prior to and during pregnancy. Correlation coefficients between the pre- and during pregnancy measures were calculated, and the mean difference between the measures modeled with adjustment for age, BMI, race, smoking, and study. Differences by gestational age and time between the pre-pregnancy visit and pregnancy visit were also examined. Results: All measures were strongly correlated at pre- and during-pregnancy visits (p<0.01), with r of between 0.3 and 0.55. The exception was glucose (r=0.11, p=0.15). These relationships held after adjustment for confounders. Interactions with gestational age indicated stronger correlations with measurements taken in the first and second trimesters than the third. The correlation did not differ by the time elapsed between the pre-pregnancy and pregnancy visits. Conclusions: Pre- and during-pregnancy CV risk factors are moderately well correlated. It is likely that women who develop pregnancy complications enter the pregnancy with higher risk rather than pregnancy inducing new vascular effects.

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