scholarly journals Biomonitoring of Mycotoxins in Plasma of Patients with Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 477
Author(s):  
Beatriz Arce-López ◽  
Lydia Alvarez-Erviti ◽  
Barbara De Santis ◽  
María Izco ◽  
Silvia López-Calvo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disease ◽  
Environmental Contaminants ◽  
Enzymatic Treatment ◽  
P Value ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Disease Pathogenesis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
La Rioja ◽  
First Time

Exposure to environmental contaminants might play an important role in neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis, such as Parkinson´s disease (PD) and Alzheimer´s disease (AD). For the first time in Spain, the plasmatic levels of 19 mycotoxins from patients diagnosed with a neurodegenerative disease (44 PD and 24 AD) and from their healthy companions (25) from La Rioja region were analyzed. The studied mycotoxins were aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, G2 and M1, T-2 and HT-2, ochratoxins A (OTA) and B (OTB), zearalenone, sterigmatocystin (STER), nivalenol, deoxynivalenol, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol, deepoxy-deoxynivalenol, neosolaniol, diacetoxyscirpenol and fusarenon-X. Samples were analyzed by LC-MS/MS before and after treatment with β-glucuronidase/arylsulfatase in order to detect potential metabolites. Only OTA, OTB and STER were detected in the samples. OTA was present before (77% of the samples) and after (89%) the enzymatic treatment, while OTB was only detectable before (13%). Statistically significant differences in OTA between healthy companions and patients were observed but the observed differences might seem more related to gender (OTA levels higher in men, p-value = 0.0014) than the disease itself. STER appeared only after enzymatic treatment (88%). Statistical analysis on STER, showed distributions always different between healthy controls and patients (patients’ group > controls, p-value < 0.0001). Surprisingly, STER levels weakly correlated positively with age in women (rho = 0.3384), while OTA correlation showed a decrease of levels with age especially in the men with PD (rho = −0.4643).

scholarly journals Endogenous and exogenous glucocorticoids decrease plasma ghrelin in humans

2004 ◽  
pp. 113-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Otto ◽  
M Tschop ◽  
W Heldwein ◽  
AF Pfeiffer ◽  
S Diederich
Keyword(s):  
Cushing’S Syndrome ◽  
Peptide Hormone ◽  
Cushing's Syndrome ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Composition Characteristic ◽  
Exogenous Origin ◽  
Ghrelin Secretion ◽  
First Time

OBJECTIVE: The orexigenic and adipogenic peptide hormone ghrelin is predominantly produced and secreted by the stomach and seems to transduce changes in food intake to specific neuronal circuits in the brain. The activity of ghrelin also includes stimulatory effects on the corticotropic system. However, little is known about the influence of glucocorticoids on ghrelin levels. We therefore studied human plasma ghrelin levels in the presence and absence of elevated glucocorticoid levels of either endogenous or exogenous origin. METHODS: Plasma ghrelin levels were measured in five patients with chronic hypercortisolism (aged 29-58, median 46 years) due to Cushing's syndrome before and after successful surgery for the adenoma, and in eight healthy controls (aged 24-39, median 27.5 years) before and after 30 mg prednisolone (for 5 days) once a day in the morning (median body mass index (BMI) 22.7 kg/m(2)). Plasma ghrelin levels were measured with a commercially available radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: In patients with Cushing's syndrome, plasma ghrelin levels were low (median 363.2 pg/ml, range 161.9-525.7 pg/ml) and significantly increased by 26.6% (P=0.04) after successful surgery, while BMI decreased (median 26.2-24.0 kg/m(2), P=0.04). A strong negative correlation (r=-0.9, P=0.04) between changes in BMI and plasma ghrelin was observed. In healthy controls, plasma ghrelin levels (median 288.7 pg/ml, range 119.6-827.8 pg/ml) were significantly suppressed by 18.3% (P=0.04) after prednisolone treatment. CONCLUSIONS: We have shown for the first time that plasma ghrelin levels are decreased under endogenously or exogenously induced hypercortisolism, making ghrelin an unlikely candidate for causing the changes in energy balance or body composition characteristic of Cushing's disease. However, the reduced ghrelin secretion could reflect a compensation mechanism in reaction to the metabolic consequences of chronic hypercortisolism.

scholarly journals Perbedaan pH saliva sesudah konsumsi kismis Thompson seedless raisinDifferences in the salivary pH after consumption of Thompson seedless raisin

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Ayu Vidya Putri ◽  
Sri Tjahajawati ◽  
Ame Suciati Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Salivary Secretion ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Thompson Seedless ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
Before And After

Pendahuluan: Kismis Thompson seedless raisin (Vitis vinifera sultanina) mengandung fruktosa dan glukosa yang dapat meningkatkan rangsang manis. Rangsang manis akan meningkatkan sekresi saliva yang berpengaruh pada pH saliva. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan pH saliva sebelum dan sesudah konsumsi kismis Thompson seedless raisin. Metode: Jenis penelitian eksperimental semu dengan analisis statistik uji Wilcoxon. Jumlah sampel 38 mahasiswa Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran berusia 18-24 tahun. Pengukuran pH saliva dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah mengonsumsi kismis Thompson seedless raisin. Hasil: Nilai rata-rata pH saliva sebelum mengonsumsi kismis Thompson seedless raisin adalah 6,87 dan sesudah mengonsumsi kismis Thompson seedless raisin adalah 7,20. Analisis statistik menunjukan peningkatan pH saliva yang  bermakna (p-value < 0,05) antara sebelum dan sesudah mengonsumsi kismis Thompson seedless raisin. Simpulan: Terdapat peningkatan nilai pH saliva sebelum dan sesudah konsumsi kismis Thompson seedless raisin.Kata kunci: Kismis Thompson seedless raisin, pH saliva. ABSTRACT Introduction: Thompson seedless raisin (Vitis vinifera sultanina) contains fructose and glucose which can increase sweet stimulation bud. Sweet stimulation will increase salivary secretion which affects the salivary pH. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in the salivary pH before and after consumption of Thompson seedless raisin. Methods: This research type was quasi-experimental research with Wilcoxon test statistical analysis. The number of samples was as much as 38 dentistry students from Universitas Padjadjaran aged 18 – 24-years-old. Measurement of the salivary pH was performed before and after consuming Thompson seedless raisin. Result: The average value of salivary pH before consuming Thompson seedless raisin was 6.87 and after consuming Thompson seedless raisin was 7.20. Statistical analysis showed a significant increase in the salivary pH (p-value < 0.05) before and after consuming Thompson seedless raisin. Conclusion: There was a significant increase in the salivary pH value before and after consumption of Thompson seedless raisin.Keywords : Thompson seedless raisins, salivary pH.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary combinations on plaque pH recovery after the intake of pediatric liquid analgesics

2015 ◽  
Vol 09 (03) ◽  
pp. 340-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaam Saeed ◽  
Nada Bshara ◽  
Juliana Trak ◽  
Ghiath Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Chewing Gum ◽  
P Value ◽  
Plaque Ph ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Difference Test

ABSTRACT Objectives: To study the effect of water, halloumi cheese and sugar-free (SF) chewing gum on plaque pH recovery after the intake of sweetened PLAs. Settings and Design: A randomized clinical trial was conducted on 17 children (10 females, 7 males) aged 11–12 years with DFT/dft of more than 3. Materials and Methods: Each volunteer tested paracetamol and ibuprofen suspension alone or followed with water, halloumi cheese or SF gum, as well as 10% sucrose and 10% sorbitol as controls. Plaque pH was measured using the sampling method before and after 5, 10, 15, 20, 30 min of ingestion. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance followed by least significant difference test to assess minimum pH (min pH), maximum pH drop (ΔpH), and the area under baseline pH, and P value was set as 0.05. Results: Both ibuprofen and paracetamol were not significantly different from 10% sucrose in terms of min pH, ΔpH, and area under baseline pH except for min pH of ibuprofen (P = 0.034). Water and halloumi cheese did not have a significant effect on plaque pH recovery after the intake of both analgesics as min pH, ΔpH, and area under baseline pH were similar to 10% sucrose except for min pH of ibuprofen + water (P = 0.048). However, plaque pH variables after chewing SF gum for 20 min were similar to 10% sorbitol. Conclusion: Chewing SF gum immediately after the intake of sweetened PLAs for 20 min restores plaque pH and could be recommended as a complementary aid in caries prevention.

scholarly journals Trataka Kriya in Individuals with Digital Eye Strain: A Pre–Post Experimental Design

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhanesh Kumar K. U. ◽  
Sparsha Shetty ◽  
Hrishikesh Amin ◽  
Rashmitha A. P. ◽  
Shilna Rani P.
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Small Object ◽  
Visual Fatigue ◽  
Black Dot ◽  
Computer Vision Syndrome ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Introduction Digital eye strain is the physical discomfort felt after 2 or more hours in front of a digital screen, including cell phones. Digital eye strain is otherwise known as computer vision syndrome. Trataka is to look at or to gaze—it is a preliminary step for meditation that involves staring at a single point such as a small object, black dot, or candle flame. Objective This study aimed to analyze the effect of trataka kriya in the management of digital eye strain. Materials and Methods Thirty participants of the age group 18 to 40 years were recruited in the study. The study design was a pre–post experiment. A convenient sampling technique was used to recruit the participants. The study included participants who use laptops or smartphones for a minimum of 2 hours daily and also participants having eye strain, dry eyes, burning sensation in the eyes, headache, and eye fatigue. They performed trataka kriya exercises once a day on alternative days for 1 month. Outcome measures was a computer vision syndrome questionnaire to assess the visual fatigue experienced by the study participants and the Schrimer test to find out whether the eye produces enough tears to keep it moist. Statistical Analysis and Results Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 16.0. To compare the computer vision syndrome questionnaire and Schrimer test before and after interventions paired t-test was used. A p-value of less than 0.05 is considered significant for the study. Conclusion The study concludes that there was an improvement in the subjects with digital eye strain after performing trataka kriya. The clinical implication of the study is that this method can be used as one of the nonpharmacological interventions for digital eye strain.

scholarly journals REDUCTION OF ANXIETY IN CHILDREN FACING HOSPITALIZATION BY PLAY THERAPY: ORIGAMI AND PUZZLE IN LAMPUNG-INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Teguh Pribadi ◽  
Devita Elsanti ◽  
Andri Yulianto
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Play Therapy ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
P Value ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Manifest Anxiety

Background: At the time of hospitalization of children, they feel uncomfortable such as an anxiety. Statistics data base in 2010 in Indonesia reported that in 35 of 420 children has stress during hospitalization. However during hospitalization the children must be cooperate in treatment for recovery.Purpose: Knowing the influence of play therapy: origami and puzzles for reducingan anxiety to children at Pertamina Bintang Amin Hospital, Bandar Lampung-Indonesia 2018.Methods: Quantitative researchwith design used quasi-experimental. The study population was all patient at pediatric ward at Pertamina Bintang Amin Hospital, Bandar Lampung Indonesiawith 50 children as sampleand used instruments: Zung Self-Rating Scale (ZSRAS) and Tailor Manifest Anxiety Scale (T-MAS).The statistical analysis used an independent T test.Results: Finding significane different of the total score of anxiety before and after play therapy (before play therapy: origami and puzzle were 20.2and20.7) and (after play therapy: origami and puzzle were 14.9 and 12.7). The total score rates was descrease of 5.27 in origami therapy and of 8.0 in puzzle therapy with p-value of 0.000.Conclusion: There was differences effect in both of play therapy: origami and puzzle to reducing an anxiety.It is suggestions to management hospital to provide play therapy such as origami and puzzle as an alternative therapy to reduce anxiety to the children due to hospitalization and thus supporting the healing process.

scholarly journals Non-parametric Functional Muscle Network as a Robust Biomarker of Fatigue

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rory O'Keeffe ◽  
Seyed Yahya Shirazi ◽  
Jinghui Yang ◽  
Sarmad Mehrdad ◽  
Smita Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unmet Need ◽  
Clustering Coefficient ◽  
P Value ◽  
Median Frequency ◽  
Individual Subject ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Network Metrics ◽  
Fatigue Detection ◽  
First Time ◽  
Non Parametric

The possibility of muscle fatigue detection using surface electromyography has been explored and multiple biomarkers, such as median frequency, have been suggested. However, there are contradictory reports in the literature which result in an inconsistent understanding of the biomarkers of fatigue. Thus, there is an unmet need for a statistically robust sEMG-based biomarker for fatigue detection. This paper, for the first time, demonstrates the superior capability of a non-parametric muscle network to reliably detect fatigue-related changes. Seven healthy volunteers completed a lower limb exercise protocol, which consisted of the 30s of a sit-to-stand exercise before and after the completion of fatiguing leg press sets. A non-parametric muscle network was constructed, using Spearman's power correlation, and showed a very reliable decrease in network metrics associated with fatigue (degree, weighted clustering coefficient (WCC)). The network metrics displayed a significant decrease at the group level (degree, WCC: p-value<0.001), individual subject level (degree: p-value<0.035 WCC: p-value<0.004) and particular muscle level (degree: p-value<0.017). Regarding the decrease in mean degree connectivity at particular muscles, all seven subjects followed the group trend. In contrast to the robust results achieved by the proposed non-parametric muscle network, classical spectrotemporal measurements showed heterogeneous trends at the particular muscle and individual subject levels. Thus, this paper for the first time shows that a non-parametric muscle network is a reliable biomarker of fatigue and could be used in a broad range of applications.

scholarly journals Effects of hippotherapy on posture in individuals with Down Syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Espindula ◽  
Mariane Fernandes Ribeiro ◽  
Luciane Aparecida Pascucci Sande de Souza ◽  
Alex Abadio Ferreira ◽  
Mara Lúcia da Fonseca Ferraz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
P Value ◽  
Postural Alignment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive

Abstract Introduction: Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) have alterations that affect the musculoskeletal system, causing abnormal patterns, and alter the morphological anatomical and mechanical axes that provide intrinsic stability to the skeleton, and can trigger misalignments and orthopedic disorders in adulthood. Objective: The objective of student to evaluate posture and postural alignment before and after the hippotherapyin individuals with DS. Methods: Posture of five individuals with DS was evaluated by the software SAPO before and after 27 sessions the hippotherapy. Data were subjected to qualitative descriptive analysis using cluster and statistical analysis with the aid of the software Sigma Stat 2.0, considering differences as statistically significant at p-value < 5%. Results: Improvements were achieved for the alignment of shoulder, head, hip, and lower limbs, in addition to decrease in kyphosis and head protrusion. Conclusion: Patients with DS demonstrated satisfactory changes in motor behavior reflected in improved static posture after treatment with hippotherapy.

scholarly journals SIMVASTATIN GENERIK

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
DAP. Rasmika Dewi ◽  
DG. Diah Dharma Santhi ◽  
DM Sukrama ◽  
AA. Raka Karsana
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
P Value ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

This study aims to know and determine the lipid profile in patients with hyperlipidemia who consumed Generic Simvastatin comparedwith its patent product contained in the Formularium at Sanglah Hospital. The observations made, were the measurement of the totalcholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) before and after the drug administration. A total of 30 subjects who met the inclusioncriteria, were divided into two (2) groups, each group consist of 15 persons, the first group was given 20 mg generic Simvastatin(1 tablet daily) for 15 days and Group II given 20 mg patent Simvastatin (1 tablet daily) for 15 day. After 15 days, their blood sampleswere taken and examined for total cholesterol and LDL. Once the data were collected, statistical analysis was done by using the normalitytest, homogeneity and t. Statistical analysis using p-value less than or equal to 0.05 was the limit of significance. The statistical analysisshowed that the data was normally distributed and homogeneous (p≥0.05). The T-test showed that there were significant differencesin the levels of total cholesterol and LDL serum samples before and after the administration of generic simvastatin and patents the(sig.=0.000). However, there was no significant difference in decreased levels of totall cholesterol samples between the generic Simvastatinand patent (sig=0.365 with α=0.05 level). Besides this, there was also no significant difference in the decreased levels of LDL betweengeneric Simvastatin and the patent one (sig=0.372 with α=0.05 level).

scholarly journals Salivary pH before and after cranberry juice consumption

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
Dwiana Lisany Marunduri ◽  
Rosiliwati Wihardja ◽  
Winny Yohana
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
T Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cranberry Juice ◽  
Normality Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Paired T Test

Introduction: Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) is commonly consumed as a source of antioxidants. The cranberry juice has a sour and a little bit of bitter taste that can affect the salivary pH. The sour taste is a result of its high content of proanthocyanidin. Cranberry juice plays a role in maintaining oral and dental health. Cranberries’ flavonol and proanthocyanidin content play a role in preventing dental caries by preventing the growth of Streptococcus mutans. This study was aimed to compare the salivary pH before and after cranberry juice consumption. Methods: This research was quasi-experimental. The research population was the students from the Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran, and the sampling method was purposive sampling. Thirty-five male and female students with no history of systemic disease and drug administration, no orthodontics appliance and denture, were involved in this experiment. Students with lesions on oral mucosa were also excluded from this study. The pH measurement was performed with a digital pH meter to record the salivary pH ratio before and after consumption of cranberry juice. Before salivary pH comparison analysis was performed, the normality test was conducted, then the analysis was continued using the paired t-test. Statistical analysis was determined at α=0.05. Results: The average values of salivary pH ratio before and after consumption of cranberry juice were 6.714 and 7.246, respectively. The normality test showed that the p-value before and after consumption of cranberry juice were 0.143 and 0.285, respectively (p-value>0.05), which categorised in the normal distribution. The paired t-test statistical analysis showed the p-value of 0.001 (p-value<0.05), which considered as significant. This result indicated that there was a significant difference in the salivary pH before and after consumption of cranberry juice. Conclusion: The salivary pH is increasing after cranberry juice consumption.

scholarly journals Application Of The WBZ (Warm Belt Zinger) Method To The Intensity Of Labor Pain At The BL 31-32 Meridian Points In PMB Semarang City

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 375-380
Author(s):  
Lestari Puji Astuti ◽  
Poppy Fransisca Amelia ◽  
Heny Wijayanti ◽  
Sa’adah Mujahidah
Keyword(s):  
Control Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Labor Pain ◽  
P Value ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Control ◽  
First Time

The research purposes to find out the effectiveness of WBZ (Warm Belt Zinger) and warm compresses at the meridian points BL 31 and 32 on the intensity of labor pain during. The pain that a woman experiences while entering labor is a physiological process. Labor pain is the most severe thing felt by women throughout their life. Non-pharmacological efforts are needed to reduce labor pain. Types of research was quasi-experiment with pretest-posttest with control design. The sampling technique used was accidental sampling with sample size of 30 people and divided into two groups intervention WBZ n=15 and control (warm compress) n=15. The subjects were the mothers who gave birth in were in the first phase of the active phase (4-10 cm opening). There was differences in first time pain in the maternity before and after the WBZ group (p-value = 0.000). There was a difference in first-time pain in the maternity before and after in the warm compress (p-value = 0.000). Statistical test results WBZ and warm compresses are effective for decrease the pain in first stage labor (p-value = 0.001). WBZ and warm compresses effective to reduce labor pain in the first stage. Keywords: ginger compress; warm compress; meridian points bl 31 and 32; intensity of labor pain

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