scholarly journals Aflatoxin B1 Toxicity in Zebrafish Larva (Danio rerio): Protective Role of Hericium erinaceus

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 710
Author(s):  
Davide Di Paola ◽  
Carmelo Iaria ◽  
Fabiano Capparucci ◽  
Marika Cordaro ◽  
Rosalia Crupi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Fish Development ◽  
Hericium Erinaceus ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Oxidative Stress Pathway ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a secondary metabolite produced by fungi of the genus Aspergillus, has been found among various foods as well as in fish feed. However, the effects of AFB1 on fish development and its associated toxic mechanism are still unclear. In the present study, we confirmed the morphological alterations in zebrafish embryos and larvae after exposure to different AFB1 doses as well as the oxidative stress pathway that is involved. Furthermore, we evaluated the potentially protective effect of Hericium erinaceus extract, one of the most characterized fungal extracts, with a focus on the nervous system. Treating the embryos 6 h post fertilization (hpf) with AFB1 at 50 and 100 ng/mL significantly increased oxidative stress and induced malformations in six-day post-fertilization (dpf) zebrafish larvae. The evaluation of lethal and developmental endpoints such as hatching, edema, malformations, abnormal heart rate, and survival rate were evaluated after 96 h of exposure. Hericium inhibited the morphological alterations of the larvae as well as the increase in oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. In conclusion: our study suggests that a natural extract such as Hericium may play a partial role in promoting antioxidant defense systems and may contrast lipid peroxidation in fish development by counteracting the AFB1 toxicity mechanism.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Neuroprotective Effects of Quercetin against Aflatoxin B1-Intoxicated Mice

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Gugliandolo ◽  
Alessio Filippo Peritore ◽  
Ramona D’Amico ◽  
Patrizia Licata ◽  
Rosalia Crupi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Behavioral Alterations ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Oxidative Stress Pathway ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
The Brain

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a mycotoxin commonly present in feed, characterized by several toxic effects. AFB1 seems to have a neurotoxical effect that leads to memory impairment behavior. AFB1 toxicity involves the induction of the oxidative stress pathway, rising lipid peroxidation, and it decreases antioxidant enzyme levels. Hence, in our research, we wanted to evaluate the potential protective effects of quercetin 30 mg/kg in AFB1-mediated toxicity in the brain and the ameliorative effect on behavioral alterations. Oral supplementation with quercetin increased glutathione peroxidase (GSH) levels, superoxidedismutase (SOD) activity and catalase (CAT) in the brain, and it reduced lipid peroxidation in AFB1-treated mice. This antioxidant effect of quercetin in the brains of AFB1-intoxicated mice is reflected in better cognitive and spatial memory capacity, as well as a better profile of anxiety and lethargy disorders. In conclusion, our study suggests that quercetin exerts a preventive role against oxidative stress by promoting antioxidative defense systems and limiting lipid peroxidation.

scholarly journals Changes in Bone Metabolism and Antioxidant Defense Systems in Menopause-Induced Rats fed Bran Extract from Dark Purple Rice (Oryza sativa L. Cv. Superjami)

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2926
Author(s):  
Soo Im Chung ◽  
Su Noh Ryu ◽  
Mi Young Kang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Defense Systems ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Menopause is a matter of concern for women’s health due to a deficiency of female hormones; additionally, reactive oxygen species and aging can cause osteoporosis. Food becomes increasingly interesting as a menopausal woman’s alternative to hormone therapy. The effects of ethanol extracts from dark purple Superjami rice bran on bone metabolism and antioxidant defense systems in menopause-induced animal models were evaluated. Female rats underwent sham surgery or were ovariectomized to induce a menopause-like state. Rats were divided into a sham control group (SHAM), an ovariectomized control group (OVX), and an ovariectomized grou supplemented with Superjami rice bran extract group (OVX-S) and fed for 8 weeks. The OVX groups exhibited significantly more weight gain, amounts of bone turnover biochemical markers (alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and C-terminal telopeptide), bone loss, lipid-peroxidation and oxidative stress than the SHAM group. However, Superjami bran extract added to the diet resulted in a significant reduction in body weight and lipid peroxidation, as well as enhanced bone metabolism and antioxidant enzyme activities, in ovariectomized rats. These results propound that extracts from Superjami rice bran have therapeutic potentiality against bone loss and oxidative stress in menopause-induced states and will be useful in preventing postmenopausal osteoporosis and oxidative damage.

scholarly journals The subchronic exposure to malathion, an organophosphate pesticide, causes lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress, and tissue damage in rats: the protective role of resveratrol

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erten Akbel ◽  
Damla Arslan-Acaroz ◽  
Hasan Huseyin Demirel ◽  
Ismail Kucukkurt ◽  
Sinan Ince
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Organophosphate Pesticide ◽  
Subchronic Exposure

The present study was planned to evaluate the protective role of resveratrol (Res) against subchronic malathion exposure in rats over four weeks.

scholarly journals Cellular Apoptosis, Mitochondrial Swelling, Permeability and Cytochrome-C Level After (Fe3o4)-Nps Nanoparticles Exposure and Protective Role of Diferuloylmethane in Rats Liver

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-154
Author(s):  
Zina Bouteraa ◽  
Rachid Rouabhi ◽  
Fouad Menaceur ◽  
Salim Gasmi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Mitochondrial Swelling ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Defensive Role ◽  
Cellular Apoptosis ◽  
Cyt C

AbstractDuring recent years the defensive role of diferuloylmethane against oxidative stress and apoptosis has been experimentally documented. Fe3O4-NPs can cause cellular death by inducing oxidative stress. Present study aimed to investigate whether diferuloylmethane could protect rats mitochondria against Fe3O4-NPs intoxication. Twenty adult male rats were randomly chosen and divided into four groups: control; treated with 10 mg/kg/d of Fe3O4-NPs; treated with diferuloylmethane at the dose 20 ml/kg/d; treated with Fe3O4-NPs (10 mg/kg/d) and diferuloylmethane (20 ml/kg/d) respectively for 28 days. The results showed that Fe3O4-NPs increased the Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lipid peroxidation, mit-GSH (Glutathione), mit-CAT (Catalase), mit-GST (Glutathione S-transferase) and decreased mit-GPx (Glutathione peroxidase), with increased in mitochondrial swelling and permeability followed by the increasing level of plasmatic Cyt-c. The addition of diferuloylmethane (DFM) to these samples reduces or corrects the amount of the most of biomarkers. These findings have demonstrated that DFM can act as an antioxidant and antiapoptotic factor against damages induced by Fe3O4-NPs.

scholarly journals Effects of cisplatin on lipid peroxidation and the glutathione redox status in the liver of male rats: The protective role of selenium

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Trbojevic ◽  
Branka Ognjanovic ◽  
Natasa Djordjevic ◽  
Snezana Markovic ◽  
A.S. Stajn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Glutathione Redox

The role of oxidative stress in cisplatin (CP) toxicity and its prevention by pretreatment with selenium (Se) was investigated. Male Wistar albino rats were injected with a single dose of cisplatin (7.5 mg CP/kg b.m., i.p.) and selenium (6 mg Se/kg b.m, as Na2SeO3, i.p.) alone or in combination. The results suggest that CP intoxication induces oxidative stress and alters the glutathione redox status: reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and the GSH/GSSG ratio (GSH RI), resulting in increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) in rat liver. The pretreatment with selenium prior to CP treatment showed a protective effect against the toxic influence of CP on peroxidation of the membrane lipids and an altering of the glutathione redox status in the liver of rats. From our results we conclude that selenium functions as a potent antioxidant and suggest that it can control CP-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.

scholarly journals Punicalagin Exerts Protective Effects against Ankylosing Spondylitis by Regulating NF-κB-TH17/JAK2/STAT3 Signaling and Oxidative Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Xinzhe Feng ◽  
Qinyuan Yang ◽  
Chen Wang ◽  
Wenwen Tong ◽  
Weidong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Stat3 Signaling

Background. Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by sacroiliitis and spinal rigidity of the axial joints. The role of oxidative stress and increased proinflammatory cytokines is well documented in AS pathogenesis. Punicalagin (2,3-hexahydroxydiphenoyl-gallagyl-D-glucose), an ellagitannin widely present in pomegranates, is found to exhibit potent anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and antioxidative effects. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of punicalagin in a rodent model of AS. Methods. BALB/c mice induced spondylitis were sacrificed 24 h after the last injection of proteoglycan extract. Histological scoring was done to assess the degree of the disease. The expression of JAK2/STAT3 proteins and proteins of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway was determined by immunoblotting. Serum levels of inflammatory mediators—TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, and IL-23—were assessed. Levels of lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were quantified. Antioxidant status as a measure of activities of antioxidant enzymes—catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD)—was determined. Results. Punicalagin effectively improved antioxidant status and decreased lipid peroxidation, ROS production, and serum levels of inflammatory mediators. NF-κB pathway and JAK2/STAT3 signaling were significantly (p<0.05) downregulated. Punicalagin effectively regulated the production of cytokines by the Th17 cells and the IL-17A/IL-23 axis. Conclusion. The observations suggest that punicalagin exerts a protective role in AS via reducing oxidative stress and regulating NF-κB/TH17/JAK2/STAT3 signal. Punicalagin thus could be explored further as a potent candidate compound in the treatment of AS.

scholarly journals The Imbalance among Oxidative Biomarkers and Antioxidant Defense Systems in Thromboangiitis Obliterans (Winiwarter-Buerger Disease)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1036
Author(s):  
Hiva Sharebiani ◽  
Bahare Fazeli ◽  
Rosanna Maniscalco ◽  
Daniela Ligi ◽  
Ferdinando Mannello
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Thromboangiitis Obliterans ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Smoker ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems

(1) Background: Thromboangiitis obliterans or Winiwarter-Buerger disease (WBD), is an inflammatory, thrombotic occlusive, peripheral vascular disease, usually occurring in young smokers. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the disease are not clearly understood. The aim of this study is to investigate the imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants occurring in these patients. (2) Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 22 male patients with WBD and 20 healthy male smoking habit matched control group were included. To evaluate the possible sources of oxidative stress, the antioxidant biomarkers, and the markers of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, serum samples were analyzed for total oxidative status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), myeloperoxidase (MPO), coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), malondialdehyde (MDA), and protein carbonyl (PC) activity and/or content. (3) Results: The circulating levels of TOS, TAC, and CoQ10 were significantly higher in WBD patients, with respect to healthy smokers as controls. No significant difference was found among the serum level of PC, total cholesterol, MPO, and GR activity in WBD patients and healthy smoker controls. The activity of SOD and the mean serum level of MDA were significantly lower in WBD patients, with respect to healthy smoker controls. (4) Conclusion: Considerably high levels of oxidative stress were detected in WBD patients, which were greater than the antioxidant capacity. The low level of MDA may be associated with the enzymatic degradation of lipid peroxidation products. High levels of CoQ10 and low levels of SOD may be related to a harmful oxidative cooperation, leading to the vasoconstriction of WBD, representing a promising tool to discern possible different clinical risks of this poorly understood peripheral occlusive disease.

scholarly journals Discovering the Protective Effects of Resveratrol on Aflatoxin B1-Induced Toxicity: A Whole Transcriptomic Study in a Bovine Hepatocyte Cell Line

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1225
Author(s):  
Marianna Pauletto ◽  
Mery Giantin ◽  
Roberta Tolosi ◽  
Irene Bassan ◽  
Andrea Barbarossa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Hepatocyte Cell Line ◽  
Group I

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a natural feed and food contaminant classified as a group I carcinogen for humans. In the dairy industry, AFB1 and its derivative, AFM1, are of concern for the related economic losses and their possible presence in milk and dairy food products. Among its toxic effects, AFB1 can cause oxidative stress. Thus, dietary supplementation with natural antioxidants has been considered among the strategies to mitigate AFB1 presence and its toxicity. Here, the protective role of resveratrol (R) has been investigated in a foetal bovine hepatocyte cell line (BFH12) exposed to AFB1, by measuring cytotoxicity, transcriptional changes (RNA sequencing), and targeted post-transcriptional modifications (lipid peroxidation, NQO1 and CYP3A enzymatic activity). Resveratrol reversed the AFB1-dependent cytotoxicity. As for gene expression, when administered alone, R induced neglectable changes in BFH12 cells. Conversely, when comparing AFB1-exposed cells with those co-incubated with R+AFB1, greater transcriptional variations were observed (i.e., 840 DEGs). Functional analyses revealed that several significant genes were involved in lipid biosynthesis, response to external stimulus, drug metabolism, and inflammatory response. As for NQO1 and CYP3A activities and lipid peroxidation, R significantly reverted variations induced by AFB1, mostly corroborating and/or completing transcriptional data. Outcomes of the present study provide new knowledge about key molecular mechanisms involved in R antioxidant-mediated protection against AFB1 toxicity.

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