scholarly journals Efficient Adsorption of Lead Ions from Synthetic Wastewater Using Agrowaste-Based Mixed Biomass (Potato Peels and Banana Peels)

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 3344
Author(s):  
Aamna Ashfaq ◽  
Razyia Nadeem ◽  
Shamsa Bibi ◽  
Umer Rashid ◽  
Asif Hanif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Kinetic Modelling ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Banana Peel ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Mixed Biomass ◽  
Potato Peels ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Conventional Methods

The aquatic environment is continuously being polluted by heavy metals released from industrial, domestic, agricultural, and medical applications. It is difficult to remove heavy metals, as they are nonbiodegradable. Heavy metals cause genotoxicity and serious carcinogenic disorders. Various conventional methods have been used for the removal of heavy metals, but these are time-consuming and not economical, so green methods, being economical, are preferred over conventional methods. Adsorption, being effective, environmentally friendly, and cheap, is often preferred. The present investigation investigated the adsorption efficiency of agrowaste-based biosorbents for removal of Pb(II) ion from the synthetic wastewater. Mixed biomass of banana peel and potato peels was used to create biosorbents. The biosorbents were characterized in terms of structural and surface morphology by SEM, while functional groups were analyzed by FT-IR and XRD analysis. The adsorption of Pb(II) was studied by a batch method, and various experimental parameters were studied. Optimum conditions for the removal of lead were pH = 5, concentration = 10 ppm, adsorbent dosage = 1.0 g, and contact time = 2 h. Kinetic modelling studies showed that the adsorption of Pb(II) ions followed a pseudo-second-order mechanism, and the Langmuir isotherm model was found to fit well for this study. Highlights: Synthesis of biosorbents (mixed biomass of potato peel and banana peel, biochar, TiO2 nanocomposites). Characterization of prepared biosorbents (SEM, XRD, FT-IR). Optimized parameters (pH, initial concentration, adsorbent dosage, and contact time) for removal of pollutant.

scholarly journals Removal of Cadmium Ions from Synthetic Wastewater by using Pennisetum purpureum (Elephant Grass) as Low Cost Biodegradable Adsorbent (Biosorbent)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-112
Author(s):  
Ling Shing Yun ◽  
Asmadi Ali
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Cadmium Ions ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Ft Ir

At present, heavy metal pollution is a major environmental concern and the adsorption technique is a potent method for removal of these heavy metals from wastewater. Activated carbon is one of the best adsorbents for metal ions removal but it is sometimes restricted due to high cost and problems with regeneration hamper large scale application. Low cost adsorbent is alternatively being introduced to replace activated carbon since it is available in large quantity, renewable and inexpensive. Hence, Pennisetum purpureum (elephant grass) was investigated for its potential in cadmium ions removal. The adsorbent was characterized by Fourier Transforms Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) analyses. The effects of pH (1 to 5), initial metal ion concentration (5 to 25 mg/L), contact time (10 to 60 minutes) and adsorbent dosage (0.2 to 1.0 g) on cadmium ions removal were conducted by batch adsorption experiments. In this study, the FT-IR results demonstrated that the functional groups for untreated and nitric acid-treated P. purpureum mainly consisted of carbonyl, carboxyl, hydroxyl and amine groups which are able to bind with positively charged cadmium ions. SEM micrographs have proven that nitric acid modification would remove the surface impurities of P. purpureum, which increased the surface roughness, produced deep, open pores and better pore size distribution. From the BET and BJH analyses, the treated P. purpureum was mesoporous, had larger surface area and pore volume compared to untreated P. purpureum. The best pH, adsorbent dosage and contact time were pH 4, 0.6 g and 30 minutes, respectively. The highest removal percentage of cadmium ions for both untreated and treated P. purpureum were 92% and 98% correspondingly. The results shown strengthened the fact that both biosorbents have great potential in cadmium ions removal.

scholarly journals Comparative Adsorptive Removal of Selected Heavy Metals from Battery Wastewater by Purified and Polyethylene Glycol Modified Carbon Nanotubes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulkareem AS ◽  
Hamzat WA ◽  
Tijani JO ◽  
Bankole MT ◽  
Titus Egbosiuba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Effect ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Modified Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Nano Adsorbent

Abstract Comparative adsorption study of some toxic metals (Ni, Fe, Cu, Cd, and Pb) from battery industrial effluent by purified and polyethylene glycol-modified carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is reported. The as-prepared CNTs via chemical vapour deposition method (A-CNTs), its acid purified form (P-CNTs), and polyethylene glycol functionalized form (PEG-CNTs) were characterized by HRTEM, BET, HRSEM, FTIR and XRD. The HRSEM and HRTEM micrograph revealed the formation of multi-walled tubular network structures of different inner and outer diameter. The BET study of PEG-CNTs and purified CNTs showed surface areas of 970.81 m2/g and 781.88 m2/g, respectively. The nanomaterials batch adsorption effect of various parameters such as contact time, nano-adsorbent dosage and temperature was conducted. The optimum equilibrium to achieve maximum removal of Cd (83.41 %), Ni (92.79 %), Fe (95.93%), Pb (97.16 %) Cu (99.9 9%) using PEG-CNTs was 90 min of contact time, 0.3 g of nano-adsorbent dosage and 60 oC temperature. While the maximum percentage removal efficiencies accomplished using P-CNTs under the same applied conditions were Cd (78.64 %), Ni (76.12 %), Fe (92.87 %), Pb (90.7 2%) Cu (99.09 %). PEG-CNTs was seen as more effective than P-CNTs. Adsorption data of Ni on P-CNTs followed Langmuir isotherm while the adsorption equilibrium model (Freundlich isotherm) of Ni, Fe, Cu and Pb on PEG-CNTs were fitted well. However, in both cases, the sorption kinetic study followed the pseudo-second-order model. The thermodynamics showed that the removal of toxic metals from battery wastewater was spontaneous and endothermic irrespective of the nano-adsorbents. The study found that surface modification of CNTs by polyethylene glycol adequately improved the nanotubes, thus leading to relatively adsorption capacities of heavy metals from industrial battery effluent.

scholarly journals Removal of phenol from wastewater using activated waste tea leaves

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsin Kazmi ◽  
Anwar R. Saleemi ◽  
Nadeem Feroze ◽  
Amir Yaqoob ◽  
Syed Waqas Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Kinetic Modelling ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Tea Leaves ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Synthetic Solution ◽  
Solution Kinetic ◽  
Waste Tea ◽  
Initial Phenol Concentration

This investigation enumerates the treatment of phenol contaminated synthetic wastewater by Activated Waste Tea Leaves (AWTL). Phosphoric acid was used for the modification of waste tea leaves. The effects of initial pH, biosorbent dose, contact time, and initial phenol concentration were studied on the phenol uptake from the synthetic solution. Kinetic modelling was performed using pseudo 1st and 2nd order kinetics. The Langmuir and Freundlich’s Models were employed to interpret the AWTL behaviour at various mass transfer gradients. The results show that the optimum values for pH, biosorbent dose and contact time were 2.2 g/L and 180 minutes, respectively. Pseudo 2nd order kinetic and the Langmuir’s Models best described the kinetic and equilibrium behaviours, respectively.

scholarly journals Romanian bentonite and fly ash characterization and their use in heavy metal “in-situ” immobilization in polluted soils

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 01022
Author(s):  
Săndica Liliana Gherghe ◽  
Ildiko Anger ◽  
Georgiana Moise ◽  
Roxana Trusca
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
In Situ Immobilization ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Metallurgical Activities

This article presents the characterization of the Romanian bentonite and fly ash, using different techniques: FAAS, XRD, FT-IR, SEM and EDAX and their evaluation as sorbents for heavy metals immobilization in polluted soils coming from mining and metallurgical activities. The applicability of bentonite and fly ash for Pb (II) and Zn (II) immobilization was studied using aqueous solutions of these metals. The influence of the pH and contact time were studied. The results shown that the Romanian bentonite and fly ash could be used for Pb (II) and Zn (II) immobilization in polluted soils from brownfields.

Zinc removal from aqueous solution using novel adsorbent MISCBA

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Umar Salihi ◽  
Shamsul Rahman Muhamed Kutty ◽  
Muhamed Hasnain Isa ◽  
Nasir Aminu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Zinc Removal

Pollution caused by heavy metals has become a serious problem to the environment nowadays. The treatment of wastewater containing heavy metals continues to receive attention because of their toxicity and negative impact on the environment. Recently, various types of adsorbents have been prepared for the uptake of heavy metals from wastewater through the batch adsorption technique. This study focused on the removal of zinc from aqueous solution using microwave incinerated sugarcane bagasse ash (MISCBA). MISCBA was produced using microwave technology. The influence of some parameters such as pH, contact time, initial metal concentration and adsorbent dosage on the removal of zinc was investigated. The competition between H+ and metal ions has affected zinc removal at a low pH value. Optimum conditions for zinc removal were achieved at pH 6.0, contact time 180 min and adsorbent dosage of 10 g/L, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity for the removal of zinc was found to be 28.6 mg/g. The adsorption process occurred in a multilayered surface of the MISCBA. Chemical reaction was the potential mechanism that regulates the adsorption process. MISCBA can be used as an effective and cheap adsorbent for treatment of wastewater containing zinc metal ions.

scholarly journals Modelling the removal of Lead from synthetic contaminated water by activated carbon from biomass of Diplocyclos Palmatus by RSM

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Kinetic Modelling ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Modelling Studies ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Structural Surface

<p>Diplocyclos Palmatus biomass activated carbon (DPAC) was used in this work to remove lead (II) ion from the synthetic wastewater. The DPAC was characterized for structural, surface morphology by SEM, functional group was analyzed by FT-IR and XRD analysis. Removal of Pb2+ was studied by batch method and various experimental parameters namely effect of Pb2+ concentration, contact time, effect of temperature; pH and effect of matrix were also studied. Kinetic modelling studies showed that the adsorption of Pb2+ ion follows pseudo second order mechanism and Langmuir isotherm model was found to fit better for this study. Thermodynamic study shows a negative value for ΔG indicating the process is spontaneous. Box Behnken Design using response surface methodology as DOE was carried out in this work. RSM modelling was found to be successful in predicting the removal efficiency with R2 greater than 0.95.</p>

scholarly journals Preparation of CoFe2O4/activated carbon@chitosan as a new magnetic nanobiocomposite for adsorption of ciprofloxacin in aqueous solutions

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (10) ◽  
pp. 2158-2170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Malakootian ◽  
Alireza Nasiri ◽  
Hakimeh Mahdizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Isotherm Equations

Abstract Ciprofloxacin (CIP) is considered as a biological resistant pollutant. The CoFe2O4/activated carbon@chitosan (CoFe2O4/AC@Ch) prepared as a new magnetic nanobiocomposite and used for adsorption of CIP. CoFe2O4/AC@Ch was characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area measurements. The pHZPC value of the nanobiocomposite was estimated to be 6.4 by solid addition method. The prepared magnetic nanobiocomposites can be separated easily from water by an external magnet and reused. The effect of CIP concentration (10–30 mg/L), adsorbent dosage (12–100 mg/L), contact time (5–30 min) and pH (3–11) as independent variables on ciprofloxacin removal efficiency was evaluated. Optimum conditions were obtained in CIP concentration: 10 mg/L, adsorbent dosage: 100 mg/L, contact time: 15 min and pH: 5. In this condition, maximum CIP removal was obtained as 93.5%. The kinetic and isotherm equations showed that the process of adsorption followed the pseudo-second order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm. The results indicate that the prepared magnetic nanobiocomposite can be used as good adsorbent for the removal of CIP from aqueous solution and can be also recycled.

scholarly journals Removal of Heavy Metals from Textile Wastewater Using Sugarcane Bagasse Activated Carbon

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.30) ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Adib Mohammad Razi ◽  
Adel Al- Gheethi ◽  
Izzatul Ashikin ZA
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Adsorption Efficiency ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage

Excessive release of textile wastewater with heavy metals into environment has posed a great problem to the natural water system. The efficiency of the adsorption process to remove heavy metals depend on the adsorbent. The commercial activated carbon is one of the most efficient adsorbent, but the limitation lies in the high cost. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the efficiency of sugarcane bagasse activated carbon modified by phosphoric acid as adsorbent for the removal of zinc (Zn) and Ferum (Fe) from the textile wastewater. The adsorption process was conducted using batch method as a function for pH (2-7), contact time (30 min to 24 h) and adsorbent dosage (0.6 to 6g). The final concentrations of the metal ions were determined by ICP-MS. The results revealed that the adsorption efficiency increased with the contact time, the optimum time was recorded after 2 h. The removal percentage of Zn and Fe associated with the adsorbent dosage due to the greater surface area with optimum value of 4.0 g. The increasing of pH from 2 to 6 correlated with high adsorption efficiency, with the optimum condition at pH 5. The maximum percentage removal of Fe, Zn was 80%. These findings indicated that the SBAC is an attractive alternative adsorbent material for the metal ions removal in textile wastewater.

scholarly journals Biosorption of Copper(II) and Iron(II) using Spent Mushroom Compost as Biosorbent

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 7775-7786
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Mushroom Compost ◽  
Spent Mushroom Compost ◽  
Biosorption Process ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model

The application of the biosorption process and agricultural waste to treat heavy metals has drawn much attention. This method seems to be a more economical, environmentally friendly, and simple way for removing heavy metals from effluents. The study was conducted to explore the efficiency of the biosorption process utilizing spent mushroom compost to remove copper (II) and iron (II) from synthetic wastewater. Biosorption studies at different operating parameters, such as biosorbent dosage (1.0 – 5.0 g), pH (pH 4 – 8), contact time (1 - 30 minutes), and initial heavy metal concentration (10 - 100 mg/L), were conducted in batch experiments. The highest performance for copper (II) and iron (II) biosorption was found at 5.0 g biosorbent dosage of spent mushroom compost, unadjusted pH 6, 10 minutes of contact time, and 10 mg/L of initial concentration. The study was well fitted to the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 > 0.95) for copper (II) and iron (II) biosorption, which are much greater compared to the Freundlich model. The study is also very well suited to the pseudo-second-order (R2 > 0.999) than the pseudo-first-order kinetic models. In conclusion, the spent mushroom compost has the potential to be an effective biosorbent for removing copper (II) and iron (II) from synthetic wastewater.

Characterization and Optimization of Heavy Metals Biosorption by Fish Scales

2013 ◽  
Vol 795 ◽  
pp. 260-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabilah Zayadi ◽  
Norzila Othman
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Fish Scale ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Maximum Removal

The pollution of water with heavy metals has been a great concern due to their toxic nature and adverse effect. Various techniques were employed to remove heavy metal namely physical, chemical, and biological treatment. Biosorption is one of the biological treatment that has emerged as a new technology for the removal and recovery of metal ions from aqueous solutions which is more environmental friendly. Biosorption using Tilapia fish scale was studied with the intention to remove zinc, plumbum, and ferum ions from synthetic wastewater. The optimum adsorption capacities of fish scale was investigated under several condition namely, pH, biosorbent dosage, initial heavy metals concentration, and contact time while final concentration was obtained by using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass (ICP-MS). The results revealed that 92.3% of zinc, 89.33% of plumbum, and 64.2% of ferum able to be sequestered under best adsorption conditions. The maximum percentage removals were observed at pH 6, 5.5, 4.5 and dosage 0.02 g, 0.001 g, 0.8 g at concentration 10 ppb, 0.3 ppb, 300 ppb for zinc, plumbum, and ferum ions, respectively. Maximum removal achieved at 3 hours contact time for ferum and zinc while 2 hours for plumbum. The results indicate that Tilapia fish scale is a promising method in removing ferum, zinc, and plumbum ions from aqueous solution.

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