scholarly journals Comparative Adsorptive Removal of Selected Heavy Metals from Battery Wastewater by Purified and Polyethylene Glycol Modified Carbon Nanotubes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulkareem AS ◽  
Hamzat WA ◽  
Tijani JO ◽  
Bankole MT ◽  
Titus Egbosiuba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Effect ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Modified Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Nano Adsorbent

Abstract Comparative adsorption study of some toxic metals (Ni, Fe, Cu, Cd, and Pb) from battery industrial effluent by purified and polyethylene glycol-modified carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is reported. The as-prepared CNTs via chemical vapour deposition method (A-CNTs), its acid purified form (P-CNTs), and polyethylene glycol functionalized form (PEG-CNTs) were characterized by HRTEM, BET, HRSEM, FTIR and XRD. The HRSEM and HRTEM micrograph revealed the formation of multi-walled tubular network structures of different inner and outer diameter. The BET study of PEG-CNTs and purified CNTs showed surface areas of 970.81 m2/g and 781.88 m2/g, respectively. The nanomaterials batch adsorption effect of various parameters such as contact time, nano-adsorbent dosage and temperature was conducted. The optimum equilibrium to achieve maximum removal of Cd (83.41 %), Ni (92.79 %), Fe (95.93%), Pb (97.16 %) Cu (99.9 9%) using PEG-CNTs was 90 min of contact time, 0.3 g of nano-adsorbent dosage and 60 oC temperature. While the maximum percentage removal efficiencies accomplished using P-CNTs under the same applied conditions were Cd (78.64 %), Ni (76.12 %), Fe (92.87 %), Pb (90.7 2%) Cu (99.09 %). PEG-CNTs was seen as more effective than P-CNTs. Adsorption data of Ni on P-CNTs followed Langmuir isotherm while the adsorption equilibrium model (Freundlich isotherm) of Ni, Fe, Cu and Pb on PEG-CNTs were fitted well. However, in both cases, the sorption kinetic study followed the pseudo-second-order model. The thermodynamics showed that the removal of toxic metals from battery wastewater was spontaneous and endothermic irrespective of the nano-adsorbents. The study found that surface modification of CNTs by polyethylene glycol adequately improved the nanotubes, thus leading to relatively adsorption capacities of heavy metals from industrial battery effluent.

scholarly journals Optimization study of biosorption of toxic metals from mining wastewater using Azadirachta indica bark adsorbents

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 887-904
Author(s):  
Ezekiel A. Adetoro ◽  
Samson O. Ojoawo
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Agitation Rate ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Mining Wastewater

Abstract The effectiveness of two Azadirachta indica bark activated carbons (ABAC) for the removal of selected toxic metals from mining wastewater and the attendant challenge of multivariate factors in the process were enhanced through optimization studies. Experimental design was carried out using adsorbent dosage, agitation rate, contact time, grain size, pH and temperature as independent variables. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted using the experimental design result, then the experimental data obtained were optimized using Design-Expert software and the results validated. Optimum values for ABAC-NaOH adsorbent were 1.999 g of adsorbent dosage, 149.73 rpm agitation rate, 119.55 min contact time, 2 mm grain size, pH of 7 and 30 °C temperature; while for ABAC-HCl adsorbent the optimum values were 3.993 g of adsorbent dosage, 150 rpm agitation rate, 120 min contact time, 2 mm grain size, pH of 7.001 and 30 °C temperature. These resulted in 100% removal efficiencies for all the selected toxic metals with standard errors of between 0.02 and 2.72%. So the optimization process is a very useful tool in adsorption studies. It has the merits of being economical, energy and time saving, and is therefore strongly recommended for the biosorption of toxic metals from mining wastewater using Azadirachta indica adsorbent.

scholarly journals Benzene Removal by Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Decorated Carbon Nanotubes

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aamir Abbas ◽  
Basim Ahmed Abussaud ◽  
Ihsanullah ◽  
Nadhir A. H. Al-Baghli ◽  
Marwan Khraisheh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Benzene Removal

In this paper, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) impregnated with iron oxide nanoparticles were employed for the removal of benzene from water. The adsorbents were characterized using scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, BET surface area, and thermogravimetric analysis. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out to study the adsorptive removal of benzene and the effect of parameters such as pH, contact time, and adsorbent dosage. The maximum removal of benzene was 61% with iron oxide impregnated CNTs at an adsorbent dosage 100 mg, shaking speed 200 rpm, contact time 2 hours, initial concentration 1 ppm, and pH 6. However, raw CNTs showed only 53% removal under same experimental conditions. Pseudo-first-order kinetic model was found well to describe the obtained data on benzene removal from water. Initial concentration was varied from 1 to 200 mg/L for isotherms study. Langmuir isotherm model was observed to best describe the adsorption data. The maximum adsorption capacities were 987.58 mg/g and 517.27 mg/g for iron oxide impregnated CNTs and raw CNTs, respectively. Experimental results revealed that impregnation with iron oxide nanoparticles significantly increased the removal efficiency of CNTs.

Zinc removal from aqueous solution using novel adsorbent MISCBA

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Umar Salihi ◽  
Shamsul Rahman Muhamed Kutty ◽  
Muhamed Hasnain Isa ◽  
Nasir Aminu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Zinc Removal

Pollution caused by heavy metals has become a serious problem to the environment nowadays. The treatment of wastewater containing heavy metals continues to receive attention because of their toxicity and negative impact on the environment. Recently, various types of adsorbents have been prepared for the uptake of heavy metals from wastewater through the batch adsorption technique. This study focused on the removal of zinc from aqueous solution using microwave incinerated sugarcane bagasse ash (MISCBA). MISCBA was produced using microwave technology. The influence of some parameters such as pH, contact time, initial metal concentration and adsorbent dosage on the removal of zinc was investigated. The competition between H+ and metal ions has affected zinc removal at a low pH value. Optimum conditions for zinc removal were achieved at pH 6.0, contact time 180 min and adsorbent dosage of 10 g/L, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity for the removal of zinc was found to be 28.6 mg/g. The adsorption process occurred in a multilayered surface of the MISCBA. Chemical reaction was the potential mechanism that regulates the adsorption process. MISCBA can be used as an effective and cheap adsorbent for treatment of wastewater containing zinc metal ions.

Utilisation of Biomass and Hybrid Biochar from Elephant Grass and Low Density Polyethylene for the Competitive Adsorption of Pb(II), Cu(II), Fe(II) and Zn(II) from Aqueous Media

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua O. Ighalo ◽  
Lois T. Arowoyele ◽  
Samuel Ogunniyi ◽  
Comfort A. Adeyanju ◽  
Folasade M. Oladipo-Emmanuel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Competitive Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Elephant Grass

Background: The presence of pollutants in polluted water is not singularized hence pollutant species are constantly in competition for active sites during the adsorption process. A key advantage of competitive adsorption studies is that it informs on the adsorbent performance in real water treatment applications. Objective: This study aims to investigate the competitive adsorption of Pb(II), Cu(II), Fe(II) and Zn(II) using elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) biochar and hybrid biochar from LDPE. Method: The produced biochar was characterised by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The effect of adsorption parameters, equilibrium isotherm modelling and parametric studies were conducted based on data from the batch adsorption experiments. Results: For both adsorbents, the removal efficiency was >99% over the domain of the entire investigation for dosage and contact time suggesting that they are very efficient for removing multiple heavy metals from aqueous media. It was observed that removal efficiency was optimal at 2 g/l dosage and contact time of 20 minutes for both adsorbent types. The Elovich isotherm and the pseudo-second order kinetic models were best-fit for the competitive adsorption process. Conclusion: The study was able to successfully reveal that biomass biochar from elephant grass and hybrid biochar from LDPE can be used as effective adsorbent material for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous media. This study bears a positive implication for environmental protection and solid waste management.

scholarly journals Synthesis, characterization and heavy metal removal efficiency of nickel ferrite nanoparticles (NFN’s)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Waheed Ali Khoso ◽  
Noor Haleem ◽  
Muhammad Anwar Baig ◽  
Yousuf Jamal
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Nickel Ferrite ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Ferrite Nanoparticles ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Nickel Ferrite Nanoparticles

AbstractThe heavy metals, such as Cr(VI), Pb(II) and Cd(II), in aqueous solutions are toxic even at trace levels and have caused adverse health impacts on human beings. Hence the removal of these heavy metals from the aqueous environment is important to protect biodiversity, hydrosphere ecosystems, and human beings. In this study, magnetic Nickel-Ferrite Nanoparticles (NFNs) were synthesized by co-precipitation method and characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and Field Emission Scanning Electronic Microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques in order to confirm the crystalline structure, composition and morphology of the NFN’s, these were then used as adsorbent for the removal of Cr(VI), Pb(II) and Cd(II) from wastewater. The adsorption parameters under study were pH, dose and contact time. The values for optimum removal through batch-adsorption were investigated at different parameters (pH 3–7, dose: 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mg and contact time: 30, 60, 90, and 120 min). Removal efficiencies of Cr(VI), Pb(II) and Cd(II) were obtained 89%, 79% and 87% respectively under optimal conditions. It was found that the kinetics followed the pseudo second order model for the removal of heavy metals using Nickel ferrite nanoparticles.

scholarly journals Batch Sorption Experiments: Langmuir and Freundlich Isotherm Studies for the Adsorption of Textile Metal Ions onto Teff Straw (Eragrostis tef) Agricultural Waste

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulu Berhe Desta
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Equilibrium Concentration ◽  
Eragrostis Tef ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Textile Effluents

Adsorption of heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Pb, Ni, and Cu) onto Activated Teff Straw (ATS) has been studied using batch-adsorption techniques. This study was carried out to examine the adsorption capacity of the low-cost adsorbent ATS for the removal of heavy metals from textile effluents. The influence of contact time, pH, Temperature, and adsorbent dose on the adsorption process was also studied. Results revealed that adsorption rate initially increased rapidly, and the optimal removal efficiency was reached within about 1 hour. Further increase in contact time did not show significant change in equilibrium concentration; that is, the adsorption phase reached equilibrium. The adsorption isotherms could be fitted well by the Langmuir model. The value in the present investigation was less than one, indicating that the adsorption of the metal ion onto ATS is favorable. After treatment with ATS the levels of heavy metals were observed to decrease by 88% (Ni), 82.9% (Cd), 81.5% (Cu), 74.5% (Cr), and 68.9% (Pb). Results indicate that the freely abundant, locally available, low-cost adsorbent, Teff straw can be treated as economically viable for the removal of metal ions from textile effluents.

scholarly journals Paraquat dichloride adsorption from aqueous solution using Carbonized Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranean) Shells

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-177
Author(s):  
Ayuba Abdullahi Muhammad ◽  
Nyijime Thomas Aondofa
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Isotherm Model ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage

Carbonized Bambara GroundNut Shell (CBGNS) was used as adsorbent for the adsorption of paraquat dichloride (PQ) from aqueous solution. The prepared adsorbent was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy methods. Several parameters that might affect the adsorption process including pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage, temperature and initial concentration were investigated and optimized using batch adsorption technique. Results of the study revealed that maximum removal efficiency (98%) was achieved using 0.05g adsorbent dosage, solution pH of 5 and 60 min of contact time. The equilibrium experimental result revealed that Langmuir model best described the adsorption process with R2 value of 0.956.The heat of adsorption process was estimated from Temkin Isotherm model to be 19.99J/mol and the mean free energy was estimated from Duninin-Radushkevich (DRK) isotherm model to be 0.289KJ/mol indicating chemisorptions process. The kinetic and thermodynamic studies revealed that the adsorption processes followed pseudo-second-order kinetics with R2 value of 0.999 and the value of ∆G (- 27.74 kJ mol-1), ∆H (13.145 kJ mol-1) indicate the spontaneous and endothermic nature of PQ adsorption on CBGNS. The results suggested that CBGNS had the potential to become a promising material for PQ contaminated water treatment. Keywords: Adsorption, Paraquat dichloride, Carbonized Bambara Ground nut shell, Water treatment.

scholarly journals Methylene Blue Adsorption from aqueous solution by low cost vine-wood biomass

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachida Souidi ◽  
yasmina khane ◽  
Lahcen Belarbi ◽  
Smain Bousalem
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Concentration ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Abstract In this work, the sawdust of vine wood (VW) was treated with sulfuric acid and used to adsorb methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions via a batch adsorption process. The characteristics of the adsorbent were determined by various analytical techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Brunauer−Emmett−Teller (BET) N2 adsorption−desorption isotherms. The effects of various experimental parameters including sulfuric acid concentration, particle size of the adsorbent, pH of the solution, contact time, initial concentration, adsorbent dosage and temperature on adsorption of MB by activating sawdust were systematically investigated. The experimental results showed that the adsorption efficiency was increased with contact time and adsorbent dosage. The maximum removal efficiency was found after 180 min of solid/liquid contact with adsorbent doses of 1 g/l for sawdust. The isotherm and kinetic experimental data for MB adsorption on VW sawdust were best-fitted by Langmuir models and Pseudo-second-order, respectively. The calculated values of the entropy (ΔS°), enthalpy (ΔH°) and Gibbs energy (ΔG°) indicated that the adsorption process was exothermic in nature. These results suggest that the activated sawdust can be employed as a low-cost and environmentally friendly adsorbent for the treatment of wastewaters containing dyes.

scholarly journals CuO Coated Electrochemically Generated Textile Wastewater Sludge and CuO Coated GAC as Potential Nano-adsorbents for Color Removal from Real Textile Wastewater

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 2144-2151
Author(s):  
Srikantha H, S. Mahesh ◽  
Sahana M
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Wastewater Sludge ◽  
Color Removal ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Nano Adsorbent

A laboratory scale setup was used to remove color from real textile wastewater (TWW) using nano CuO coated electrochemically generated sludge and nano CuO coated GAC. ECC studies were conducted in batch-mode to generate sludge treating real TWW using pre-optimized 4SS electrodes using a 1.5L reactor operated at cell voltage of 18V and current density 180A/m2 at an agitation speed of 500rpm for 60min electrolysis time. SEM, FTIR and XRD analysis confirmed CuO material successfully coated/decorated on electrochemically generated sludge of size ~0.3-0.5mm and GAC of size ~0.5mm. To check the color removal efficiencies from TWW the batch adsorption studies were conducted for adsorbent dose, stirring time and pH. The optimal operating conditions achieved at pH-4, dose of 0.6g/L and 30min contact time for CuO-sludge nano-adsorbent achieving 50-55% color removal. Similarly, for CuO-GAC nano-adsorbent the optimal conditions obtained at pH-4, 0.5 g/L dose and 20min contact time achieving ~100% removal.

scholarly journals Adsorption Studies of Lead on α- Alumina

1970 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumra Naeem ◽  
Naseem Zahra ◽  
Uzma Zafar ◽  
Sadia Munawar
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Lead Removal ◽  
Solution System ◽  
Freundlich Equation ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
C 30 ◽  
Alpha Alumina

The presence of toxic metals like lead, mercury, chromium, arsenic, etc. in water is major problem these days. This investigation involves the removal of lead from water by batch adsorption technique using α- alumina (A12O3) as adsorbent. Percentage adsorption was determined for alumina-lead solution system as a function of pH, temperature, contact time and adsorbate dose. The known quantities of lead in solutions have been adsorbed on α-alumina and the concentration of lead in the solution after adsorption was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Maximum adsorption of lead was observed at pH 10, temp.15°C, 30 minutes and low adsorbate dose. Adsorption data has been interpreted in terms of Freundlich equation. The results suggest that α-alumina is effective adsorbent for lead removal. Key words: Toxic metals; Adsorbent; α-Alumina DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v44i4.4589 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 44(4), 403-406, 2009

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