The activity of alkaline phosphatase in the blood of purebred and crossbred heifers

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
R. Milushev ◽  
V. Epifanov
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Productive Traits

Simmental breed of cattle combines dairy and beef productivity. The crossbreeding cows of Simmental breed with Red-and-White Holstein breed of cattle was supposed to obtain animals with high milk productivity, good adaptability to the industrial technology of milk productivity. Red-and-White breed of cows has been bred in Russia as a result of this crossbreeding. It is a relatively young breed of dairy productivity in our country. In order to evaluate the effect of crossbreeding and study the adaptive capabilities obtained by animals, the synthesis of alkaline phosphatase by its activity in blood serum has been studied. The level of activity of the enzyme reflected the intensity and direction of biochemical processes in animals, affecting the state of homeostasis in purebred (Simmental) and crossbred (F1 Simmental×Red-and-White Holstein) heifers and first-calf heifers. It has been found that activity of serum alkaline phosphatase has decreased with age in both purebred and crossbred animals. Crossbreds F1 surpassed purebred heifers in enzyme activity at 1 and 10 months of age, this difference was significant. The activity of the enzyme in first-calf heifers was different from that in the blood of growing heifers, they had it lower. A close and significant correlation has been found between the live weight of growing crossbred heifers and the activity of alkaline phosphatase in the blood serum at 2-, 6- and 12-month age. Crossbred first-calf heifers were significantly higher in milk yield for 90 days of lactation than their Simmental herdmates. The set of data on the activity of alkaline phosphatase in the blood of heifers and lactating cows is of both theoretical and practical value for zootechnical and biological sciences, revealing the regularities of the heterosis effect, deepening knowledge about the age-related biochemistry of crossbred animals and the formation of productive traits.

Activity of alkaline phosphatase in male lamb blood serum in relation to age and growth rate

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Y. Zharikov ◽  
L. Kaneva
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Growth Intensity ◽  
Lower Productivity

Purpose: to assess the correlation of serum alkaline phosphatase with the live weight and growth rate of male lambs during the milk and post-milk growing periods.Materials and methods. The study of indicators of serum alkaline phosphatase activity in 74 male lambs aged one and five months was carried out in connection with the intensity of growth and the peculiarities of metabolism. All the male lambs were born at the same time and were raised for up to six months under similar feeding and maintenance conditions. To study the dynamics of changes in the live weight of young animals, individual weighing was carried out monthly with an accuracy of 0.1 kg. Based on the results of weighing, the absolute, relative, and average daily live weight gains were calculated and the animals were divided into three groups. The analysis of the serum for the content of the studied parameters was performed by photometry with the help of the corresponding sets of reagents of the company «VitalDiagnostics SPb».Results. During the observation period, the average increase in live weight of male lambs was 21,14 kg, or 136,75 g per day. At one month of age, the activity of alkaline phosphatase was 188,61±9.50 U/l, and at five months — 100,01±3,58, or 47% (P<0,001) lower. It was found that the activity of the enzyme during the suckling period was positively associated with live weight and growth intensity (r=0,35 and 0,49), and after weaning from mothers — negatively (r = -0,46 and -0,46, respectively). The activity of alkaline phosphatase was consistently increased in monthly male lamb when they moved from a group with lower productivity to a larger one — 160,5 — 191,4 — 214,9, and in five-month-olds, on the contrary, decreased — 121,0 — 98,1 — 80,2 E/l. At the age of one month, the increase in growth intensity was accompanied by an increase in the blood serum of male lamb values of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, glucose, calcium and phosphorus, and a decrease in urea and cholesterol levels. At the age of five months, both the list of links and their vector changed. In the serum of fast-growing animals, the de Ritis coefficient and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase were higher, but the activity of lactate dehydrogenase and creatine phosphokinase was lower.Conclusion. The presence of a correlation between alkaline phosphatase and growth makes it possible to use alkaline phosphatase in zootechnical practice and breeding work as an additional criterion for the growth potential of male lambs up to six months in the early stages of ontogenesis. However, the change in the nature of the relationship from plus to minus implies a differentiated approach in the use of this indicator, taking into account the age of the male lambs.

Evaluation of first-calf heifers of Red Steppe breed by indicators of milk productivity and live weight under the environments of Yakutia

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
L. N. Zakharova
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Productive Traits ◽  
Main Factor

The purpose of the work was to evaluate the milk productivity and live weight of first-calf heifers of Red Steppe breed belonging to different genealogical lines under the economic conditions of Central Yakutia. In order to increase the gross milk production and increase the number of breeding cattle in the Municipal Unitary Enterprise “Chuya” in the Megino-Kangalassky ulus Red Steppe heifers were imported from the Altai Territory. The main factor in increasing the breeding and productive traits of dairy cattle is the feeding of livestock, i.e. for the express of the genetic potential of the herd it is necessary to house the animals under conditions that promote the full realization of their genotype. In the daily ration of lactating cows of the farm the content of energy feed units and digestible protein was 89,9 and 107 % of the feeding norm, respectively. In the ration, the sugar-protein ratio was 0,43, which indicated a lack of carbohydrate nutrition. In terms of milk yield per lactation the first-calf heifers of the line Hoyager 51 have been serpassed the offspring of the line Montwick Chieftain 95679 by 185 kg of milk or 7,7 % (P > 0,99), and the line Corbitz 16496 by 90 kg or 3,75 % (P > 0,99). There were no significant differences in the fat and protein content in the milk of cows of the compared lines (P < 0,95). The higher-yielding first-calf heifers of the line Hoyager 51 had better milk fat and protein yield compared to the herdmates of the line Montwick Chieftain 95679 by 6,8 kg or 8,0 % (P > 0,99) and 6,0 kg or 7,8 % (P < 0,95), and the line Corbitz 16496 by 3,4 kg or 3,8 % (P > 0,95) and 5,2 kg or 6,7 % (P > 0,95), respectively. The live weight of first-calf heifers of the line Hoyager 51 was more by 14,5 kg or 3,9 % (P > 0,95) than the first-calf heifers of the line Montwick Chieftain 95679, and the first-calf heifers of the line Corbitz 16496 by 6,5 kg or 1,7 % (P < 0,95).

Milk productivity of the cows of Holstein and Simmental breeds in environment of the Novosibirsk region

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zheltikov ◽  
N. Kostomakhin ◽  
D. Adushinov ◽  
O. Zaiko ◽  
V. Dementev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
Daily Milk Yield

The characteristic of milk productivity of cows of Holstein and Simmental breeds in LLC “Sibirskaya Niva” in the Maslyaninsky district in the Novosibirsk region has been given. It has been revealed that under the natural and climatic environments of the Western Siberia, when creating favorable conditions for feeding and housing for cows of Holstein and Simmental breeds have sufficiently high milk productivity. It has been found that Holstein first-calf heifers surpassed their Simmental herdmates by 959 kg in milk yield for the first 305 days of lactation under the same conditions of housing and feeding, by 3,1 kg in daily milk yield, by 38,2 kg in milk fat yield, and by 28,3 kg in milk protein yield (P < 0,001). There were no statistically significant differences between animals of Holstein and Simmental breeds in terms of fat and protein content in milk, which amounted to 3,94 and 2,96 % in Holstein breed and 3,97 and 2,98 % in Simmental breed, respectively. Both breeds have shown high milk productivity during the first 3 lactations. Thus, the milk yield of Holstein cows for the first 3 lactation was 6475–9290 kg, Simmental cows it was 5516–7680 kg, fat content was 3,93–3,99 and 3,96–3,97 %, respectively. The protein content in the milk of cows of both breeds did not exceed 3,0 %. High variability has been found in milk yield, yield of milk fat and protein, the coefficient of milk content and duration of lactation, the lowest in the content of protein and fat in milk and live weight. The correlation coefficients between the fat and protein content in milk were generally positive, but did not exceed 0,28. Therefore, breeding in the herd of cows in LLC “Sibirskaya Niva” have to be conducted not only by fat content, but also by protein content in milk.

scholarly journals Use of Ovostim-CT in the prevention of hepatosis and retention of placenta in cows after calving

2021 ◽  
Vol 282 ◽  
pp. 03014
Author(s):  
P.V. Burkov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Milk Productivity

High milk productivity of cows after calving is the cause of liver damage in the form of hepatosis and premature retirement of animals. In such cases, a pathological examination simultaneously reveals violations in the form of protein and fatty degenerations with the subsequent destruction of cells, as well as disturbed circulation in the liver. Also, hepatoses can cause such postpartum complications in cows as retention of placenta. For the prevention of hepatosis, the drug “Ovostim-ct” is proposed, which contains cytotoxic sera against the tissues of the liver, ovary, spleen and muscle. In order to prevent liver damage and postpartum retention of placenta, the drug is used 1-1.5 months before calving at a dose of 1 ml per 100 kg of live weight subcutaneously or intramuscularly. The use of the hepatoprotector allowed to reduce the number of cases of hepatosis and retention of placenta in cows after calving. Also, “Ovostim-ct” had a favorable effect on the biochemical parameters of the blood serum of cows: there was an increase in the concentration of total protein by 6.7%, albumin - by 15.6% and glucose - by 45.8% in the blood.

scholarly journals Somatic cells count in milk and its relation with productive traits in dairy cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-424
Author(s):  
I. Marinov ◽  
D. Dimov ◽  
T. Penev
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Productive Traits ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Cattle Farms ◽  
Daily Milk

Abstract. The aim of the study was to determine the dependence between Test Day (TD) milk productivity traits and somatic cells count (SCC) in milk and also the influence of the factors: farm, parity and TD recording season of Holstein cows. The survey included a total of 484 lactating cows from 8 cattle farms in Bulgaria. A total of 3473 TD records including data on TD milk yield, fat %, protein % and SCC in milk were used. A statistically significant effect of the farm, recording season, and SCC on TD milk yield, fat % and protein % was reported. The highest TD milk yield was reported in spring (22.42 kg), followed by winter (21.95 kg). In winter and autumn were reported higher mean values for TD fat (3.77 and 3.84%) and TD protein (3.38 and 3.40%) content in milk. At the highest SCC – above 999 000 cells/ml, the highest average daily milk yield – 24.1 kg and the lowest fat (3.48%) was reported. With the highest and positive statistically significant value was the phenotypic correlation between TD milk yield and SCC (0.21). The correlation with TD fat % was statistically significant, with negative value (- 0.07).

scholarly journals Influence of biologically active compounds on milk production and metabolism of lactating cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 01005
Author(s):  
Roini Sharvadze ◽  
Elena Gaidukova ◽  
Tamara Krasnoshchekova ◽  
Ketevan Babukhadiya ◽  
Andrey Burmaga
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Biologically Active Compounds ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Lactating Cows

Dairy farming is a strategic and most efficient branch of agriculture. Milk production depends on a number of factors. The practical experience of many scientists has shown that an increase in the milk productivity of cows is possible when the rations are fed in the form of complete feed mixtures (mono feed). Despite the fact that such a feeding technology contributes to an increase in milk productivity of cows, there are problems in the new calving period, related to their health. After calving, during the milking period, the cows lose their live weight, they quickly acquire metabolic disorders (liver steatosis, ketosis, acidosis, etc.). To prevent such pathological processes, it is necessary to feed energy-compensating supplements in the new calving period. One of the solutions of this problems is the inclusion of biologically active compounds in feed mixtures. In our research these are feed additives “Ecostimul-2” and “Active Mix". In the process of experimental studies, the effect of feed additives “Ecostimul-2” and “Active Mix” during their separate and joint feeding to lactating cows in the new calving period on their milk productivity and metabolism was studied. As a result of the experimental studies, it was found that feeding the used additives to cows in the new calving period promotes an increase in milk yield and a faster recovery of reproductive functions.

STUDIES ON THE PERFORMANCE, DEVELOPMENT AND CARCASS COMPOSITION OF THE GROWING PIG: EFFECTS OF SEX, FEEDING REGIME AND AGE ON BLOOD SERUM PARAMETERS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 977-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. DOORNENBAL ◽  
A. K. W. TONG ◽  
A. H. MARTIN ◽  
A. P. SATHER
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Serum Parameters ◽  
Feeding Regime

Blood samples from 120 pigs serially slaughtered at five age groups, starting at 85 days of age with intervals of 2 wk, were used to study the effects of sex, feeding regime and age on a 12 component metabolic blood serum profile. The differences between barrows and gilts were small and only significant (P < 0.05) for blood urea. Pigs fed ad libitum had a significantly (P < 0.05) higher level of blood urea, calcium, inorganic phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase but a significantly (P < 0.01) lower level of creatinine than restricted fed pigs. Age had the most pronounced effects on the serum parameters studied, with blood urea, calcium, bilirubin, creatinine, total serum protein and albumin showing a significant (P < 0.01) increase per unit of serum with increasing age. The serum glucose, inorganic phosphorus, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase were also significantly (P < 0.01, P < 0.05 for glucose) influenced by age but did not show a consistent trend across the age groups. Serum alkaline phosphatase was the only component which significantly (P < 0.01) decreased with age. The results indicate that when these serum components are to be used for diagnostic or comparison purposes, age adjustment must be applied. Key words: Blood parameters, pigs, age, feeding regime, sex

scholarly journals Age‐Related Serum Alkaline Phosphatase Trends

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Frisch ◽  
Zechariah Wilson ◽  
Cody Arbuckle ◽  
Eric Sternlicht ◽  
Fred Caporaso
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Age Related

Realization of the potential of cows of Holstein breed of different generations in terms of productive traits

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
O. V. Nazarchenko ◽  
A. N. Rusanov
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Productive Traits

Breeding work with dairy cattle in the Kurgan region is aimed at breeding animals that combine the adaptive properties and valuable traits of cattle of Black-and-White breed with a high proportion of genes of Holstein breed. Such animals are characterized by high productivity and suitability for intensive technology of their housing. The purpose of the research was to determine the indicators of milk productivity of first-calf heifers of different generations of Holstein breed, imported to the pedigree farms of the Kurgan region, as well as to determine the degree of realization of the genetic potential of animals. Scientific research has been carried out in the herd of CJSC “Glinka” (Kurgan), where highly productive cattle of Black-and-White and Holstein breeds are bred. The subject of research was the first-calf heifers of the imported Holstein breed of German selection of different generations, as well as the herdmates of Black-and-White breed. It has been found that the realization of the genetic potential for milk yield in Holstein cows of German breeding was higher and amounted to 76,4 %, in cows of Black-and-White breed 69,9 %. The highest milk yield for 305 days of lactation has been observed in the second generation of Holstein heifers 8905 kg, which exceeded the milk yield of herdmates of the second and third generations by 113 kg or 1,26 % and 174 kg or 1,95 %, respectively. The mass fraction of fat in German Holsteins of different generations ranged from 3,99 to 4,21 % (P < 0,001), while the mass fraction of protein in the milk of first-calf heifers varied slightly in the range from 3,18 to 3,20 %. In terms of live weight, the animals of the third generation slightly exceeded the herdmates of the 1st and 2nd generations by 19 kg or 3,25 % and 20 kg or 3,43 %, respectively. The largest profit has been received from the first-generation first-calf heifers of Holstein breed of German selection, where the level of profitability of milk production was 50,7 %, which was higher than that of the herdmates of the second and third generations by 3,9 and 7,9 %, respectively.

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