The influence of the pre-slaughter weight of steers on their beef traits

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
E. A. Ponomareva ◽  
N. I. Tatarkina
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Quality Indicator ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Caloric Content ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Morphological Composition

Beef productivity of animals such indicators as breed, age of the animal at slaughter, pre-slaughter weight, and after slaughter – yield of carcass, slaughter weight and slaughter yield, morphological composition and the nature of fat deposition are characterized by. The purpose of the research was to study the influence of the pre-slaughter weight of steers of Aubrac breed on their beef traits. In order to carry out the research, three groups of animals have been formed per 15 animals in each. The 1st group included animals whose pre-slaughter weight was in the range of 425–440 kg, the 2nd group – 455–460 kg and the 3rd – 475–500 kg. The conditions of feeding and housing the animals were the same. The animals were housed in arched-type barns with free access to exercising areas. The results of the investigation of the beef productivity and quality of the Musculus longissimus in steers of Aubrac breed depending on the pre-slaughter live weight have been presented in the article. It has been found that animals with the pre-slaughter weight of more than 455 kg were characterized by higher beef traits. Steers with the pre-slaughter weight from 475 to 500 kg were characterized by higher slaughter and beef traits, in the samples of the Musculus longissimus they had a higher content of fat and amino acids. Samples of the Musculus longissimus of steers at slaughter of 455–460 kg were characterized by the higher caloric content, protein-quality indicator. It has been proposed according to the results of the research that the optimal slaughter for steers of Aubrac breed with the pre-slaughter weight is more than 455 kg.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF STORAGE TIME ON THE QUALITY OF SMOKED HETEROCLARIAS

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Ayodeji Ahmed Ayeloja ◽  
W. A. Jimoh ◽  
T. O. Uthman ◽  
M. O. Shittu
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Duration Of Storage

Effect of storage time on the quality of smoked heteroclarias was studied. 108 samples of heteroclarias (average weight 210 + 15g) was used. Analysis carried out include: proximate, mineral composition (Ca, Na, Fe and Mg), biochemical, amino acid and sensory evaluation. Data obtained was subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) while the sensory data was subjected to nonparametric test (Kruskal Wallis test). Smoked heteroclarias have good nutritional quality in terms of proximate, mineral and amino acids all of which decrease with increase in duration of storage at ambient temperatures. Glutamic acid  was the most predominant amino acid and the highest non-essential amino acid (NEEA), lysine was the most predominant EAA. There was higher concentration of non-essential amino acids than essential amino acids, EAA/NEAA ratio (0.86 – 0.93) recorded indicates that the fish have excellent protein quality; its the predicted protein efficiency ratio (P-PER) ranged between 3.44-3.61 and its biological value ranged between 79.84 -75.04. Its chemical score and TEAA decrease with increase in storage time. Its texture quality reduced significantly (χ2 = 12.207, p<0.01) with increased storage period. It is therefore recommended that smoked heteroclarias be consumed as soon as it is smoked and regularly for good healthy conditions especially among children, aged and other vulnerable groups.

Nutritional evaluation of meat meals for poultry. VII.* Effect of processing temperature on total and biologically available amino acids

1972 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 913 ◽  
Author(s):  
AC Kondos ◽  
GL McClymont
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Tetrahymena Pyriformis ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Processing Temperature ◽  
Biological Availability ◽  
Nutritional Evaluation ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Maximum Temperatures

The effect on the protein quality of meat meals of processing them under commercial conditions in a continuous dry renderer at maximum temperatures ranging from 116 to 160°C for a running time of 115 min was studied. Although the total levels of amino acids were little affected by processing temperatures, the biological availability of all essential amino acids, as determined by the protozoan Tetrahymena pyriformis, was reduced as the processing temperature increased. At 140 and 160°C the availability of certain amino acids was reduced by 37-56%, lysine, histidine, and methionine being the most severely affected. The availability of essential amino acids in meals produced at temperatures from 121 to c. 138° was not significantly different. The growth-promoting ability of the meat meals for chickens was closely related to the availability of the essential amino acids. __________________ *Part VI, Aust. J. Agric. Res., 19: 171 (1968).

Effectiveness of anti-stress drug use in the feeding of pigs

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
S. I. Nikolaev ◽  
O. V. Korneeva ◽  
V. V. Shkalenko ◽  
A. K. Karapetyan ◽  
L. A. Syuliev
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Indicators ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Productive Traits ◽  
Experimental Group

The experiment has been carried out on a crossbred stock of young pigs in the period 2015–2017 under the conditions of JSC CHC “Krasnodonskoe” in the Ilovlinsky district in the Volgograd region. The purpose of the research was to study the effectiveness of the effect of the anti-stress drug Feed-Food Magic Antistress Mix in intensive pig rearing on the productive traits and quality of the products obtained, as well as the estimated economic indicators. In order to conduct a scientific and economic experiment at the age of 60 days young pigs were divided into 2 experimental groups (control and experimental) according to the principle of pair analogs. Each group contained 25 heads. The difference between the control and experimental groups was that the animals in the control group have received the main diet, and the experimental group has received the anti-stress drug Feed-Food Magic Antistress Mix in addition to the main diet. In the experimental group of pigs when this drug was administered in the age 180 days the live weight parameter was higher than in the control group by 1,55 kg. Clinical indicators of young pigs were within the physiological norm. The pre-slaughter weight in the experimental group has increased by 4,86 % compared to the control group. Due to the use of an anti-stress drug the slaughter weight of animals in the experimental group has increased by 6,69 %. In comparison with the control group the slaughter yield in the experimental group has increased by 1,18 %, in which this indicator was at the level of 67,62 %. The morphological composition of carcasses in animals of the experimental group was also improved. Meat yield has increased by 0,95 %. The yield of fat and bones has decreased by 0,59 and 0,36 %. The weight of internal organs was also superior in the experimental group of pigs. Due to the use of the anti-stress drug the level of profitability in the experimental group of animals has increased by 11,69 %.

Influence of the complex of amino acids and silicon dioxide on the productivity and quality of meat of broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-56
Author(s):  
V. N. Nikulin ◽  
A. S. Mustafina
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Silicon Dioxide ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Experimental Group

In order to increase the meat productivity of poultry scientists around the all world are working to improve the breeding traits and technologies of housing and feeding. However, the efficiency of poultry meat production on an industrial basis depends not only on the strengthening and inheritance of breed qualities, but also on a complete and balanced feeding, including the use of new feed additives. All this generally affects the duration of rearing, the average daily and absolute live weight gains, the biological value and nutritional value of poultry meat produced in industrial conditions. The purpose of the work was to study the effect of the amino acid complex and silicon dioxide on the productivity and quality of broiler chicken meat. The paper scientifi cally substantiates and experimentally proves the effectiveness of using a rational dose of ultrafine silicon dioxide (300 mg/kg of feed) and the complex of amino acids (arginine – 7 g/kg, lysine – 6 g/kg, methionine – 2 g/kg) in the rearing of broiler chickens. Data on the positive influence of the studied factor on the consumption, digestibility and use of feed nutrients, as well as meat productivity and quality of broiler chicken meat have been obtained. The dependence of meat productivity and quality of chicken meat on physiological and biochemical parameters has been proved. Analysis of the results of the production experiment has been shown that the livability of poultry in the experimental group was higher than the control group by 1,4 %. This made it possible to reduce feed consumption to 100 g/head, and feed consumption per 1 kg of chicken growth in the experimental group by 9,2 %. Activation of metabolic processes of the body of broiler chickens of the experimental group contributed to the increase in their live weight, which increased the weight of the gutted carcass, the yield of meat by 13,8 %, and meat with off al for sale by 18,0 %. The efficiency of the complex application of amino acids and silicon dioxide in the production of poultry meat is economically justified.

INDICATORS OF EARLY MATURITY OF SHEEP AND FACTORS, THEIR DETERMINING THEM

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
A.I. EROKHIN ◽  
◽  
E.A. KARASEV ◽  
S.A. EROKHIN ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicator ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Production Body ◽  
Feed Costs

As indicators associated with the precocity of sheep, the following are considered: pedigree, the direction of productivity, the level of growth, early fat deposition in the body, feed costs for production, body types of animals, protein-quality indicator (PQI).

scholarly journals Use of Amino Acid Profiles of Pretermand Term Human Milks in Evaluating Scoring Patterns for Routine Protein Quality Assessment of Infant Formulas

1996 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 498-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghulam Sarwar ◽  
Pauline Darling ◽  
Mariko Ujiie ◽  
Herbert G Botting ◽  
Paul B Pencharz
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
World Health ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
Infant Formulas ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Reports on the amino acid composition of human milk vary considerably with respect to concentrations of sulfur amino acids. Often, analyses forego tryptophan determination. A complete analysis of protein and amino acid concentrations was performed on human milk samples (5-10 days postpartum) collected from mothers of preterm (gestations of 25-32 weeks) and term (gestations of &gt;36 weeks) infants. Careful attention was given to quantitate amino acids such as cysteine and tryptophan, which are vulnerable to acidic hydrolysis conditions. Differences in concentrations of total amino acids (expressed on protein basis) between preterm and term milks were small, despite the higher true protein content of preterm milk versus term milk (19.20 versus 12.60 g/L). The methionine + cyst(e)ine contents of term and preterm milks (3.72-3.84 g/100 g protein) were comparable with those reported in 1991 by the Food and Agricultural Organization/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO) for mature human milk (4.20 g/100 g protein) but higher than those reported in 1991 by the European Commission (2.9 g/100 g protein).The amino acid pattern of human milk obtained in this study confirms that the 1991 FAO/WHO amino acid scoring pattern for predicting protein quality of infant formulas is representative of the amino acid quality of both preterm and term human milks.

scholarly journals Agronomic, biochemical and genetic attributes of maize high grain quality accessions

Genetika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-289
Author(s):  
Jelena Vancetovic ◽  
Marija Kostadinovic ◽  
Sofija Bozinovic ◽  
Ana Nikolic ◽  
Jelena Vukadinovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Mini Core Collection

Nutritional quality of maize is low because maize protein is poor in several essential amino acids. The purpose of this research was to analyze agronomic traits and kernel biochemical and physical properties of 16 gene bank accessions which comprise a mini-core collection for grain quality and to identify populations for improving protein quality. Standard ZP341 hybrid was superior for half of agronomic traits tested, especially grain yield, which was higher from 24% to six times. Ten accessions had protein content over 14 % and were further analyzed for amino acid composition and kernel characteristics. Additionally, genetic relationships between the accessions were determined by Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs) analysis with 30 primers. All accessions showed elevated contents of most essential amino acids. Population L492 with 1.87 and 0.68 g 100g-1 dry weight had the highest contents of leucine and phenylalanine, respectively, but also higher contents of most other analyzed amino acids (p<0.05). Cluster analysis based on SSRs also distinguished L492 by separating it from all other accessions. Compared to ZP341, accessions were significantly inferior in grain weight and dimensions (p<0.05), but superior in most hardness parameters (p<0.05). Pearson correlations revealed lack of negative correlations between biochemical traits, indicating a possibility for concurrent improvement of several amino acids. The best way of improving protein quality of elite materials is through backcrossing and as populations were chosen according to their good general combining ability (with IoDent, Lancaster and BSSS), they could serve for improvement of elite materials of these genetic origins.

scholarly journals An evaluation of the protein quality of some macedonian edible Boletaceae mushrooms

2001 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Biljana Bauer Petrovska
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Fruit Body ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Biological Value

The nutritional quality of mushroom protein varies and is strongly affected by the relative proportion of each amino acid. Thus, the purpose of this study was to estimate the concentration of the amino acids present in mushroom proteins in order to evaluate the protein nutritional value. In this investigation fifteen field-collected mushroom samples of the Boletaceae family from various parts of Macedonia were included. After acid hydrolysis and pre-column derivatisation with phenyl isothiocyanate (PITC) determination of seventeen amino acids was carried out by the HPLC method. Tryptophan was determined spectophotometrically in the alkaline hydrolysates. The dietary protein quality of the investigated mushrooms was evaluated by comparison of the essential amino acid content with the reference FAO/WHO pattern. Essential amino acids made up 47-75 % of all determined amino acids depending on the origin and the species of the fruit body. Lysine was the most often found limiting amino acid in the investigated mushrooms samples. The nutritional value of proteins calculated by biological value, protein ratio, chemical score and essential amino acid index was very high in the majority of mushrooms studied. The biological value of the mushroom protein varied from 51.3 to 78.9 %. Protein amino acids accounted for about 66.7 % of the total nitrogen, suggesting that a practical nitrogen to protein conversion factor for this Macedonian edible Boletaceae mushroom may be considered to be about 4.17 on average.

The effect of methods of sterilization on the nutritive value of protein in a commercial rat diet

1976 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Ford
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
True Digestibility ◽  
Complete Protein ◽  
Net Protein ◽  
Total Amino Acids

1. The effect on protein quality of treating a commercial rat diet by autoclaving at various temperatures for different periods of time, or by irradiation with 2.5 or 10 Mrd, was studied. True digestibility (TD) and biological value (BV) were measured and the available and total amino acids in the diets were estimated using microbiological and chemical methods..2. Autoclaving at 121° for 60 min reduced BV, TD and net protein utilization (NPU) more than autoclaving at 134° for 3 min. Availability of amino acids was reduced by both treatments but to a greater extent by autoclaving at 121° for 60 min. Total amino acids were essentially unaffected. Irradiation had no effect on BV, TD, NPU or total amino acids, and the availability of amino acids was also unaffected, with the exception of lysine which was slightly reduced..3. When the diet was autoclaved at 115 or 121° for 15, 30 or 60 min, or at 134° for 3 min the availability of the amino acids was reduced with increasing time and temperature of treatment. Treatment at 134° for 3 min had an effect on available amino acids similar to treatment at 121° for 15 or 30 min..4. Ethylene oxide fumigation of the diet caused reduced availability of histidine, methionine and tryptophan but had negligible effect on arginine, leucine and lysine..5. It is concluded that from a practical point of view irradiation causes least damage to proteins in rodent diets. If such diets are to be autoclaved they should be supplemented with complete protein to counteract amino acid destruction.

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