Impact of customs payments on the development of manufacturing industries within the framework of import substitution

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
Veronika Vladimirovna Zhoglicheva
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Domestic Industry ◽  
Foreign Products ◽  
Strong State ◽  
Restrictive Measures ◽  
Effective Use

Develop a strategy of import substitution in the manufacturing industry, aimed at creating a competitive hightech industries, should be implemented at the enterprises of the domestic industry at the expense of own and borrowed funds investors, with the introduction of a series of restrictive measures of state regulation of TTR in order to protect the domestic market from foreign products with high added value. Customs payments must serve as a stimulus for the development of its own domestic industry. Effective use of the tools of customs and tariff regulation should be an important factor for economic development and a necessary condition for the existence of a strong state.

EFFECTIVE USE OF FINANCIAL TOOLS IN THE FIELD OF STATE REGULATION OF CULTURE

2019 ◽  
pp. 150-153
Author(s):  
A.L. Lazarenko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
State Level ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Effective Organization ◽  
Effective Use

For any branch to be financed effectively, the necessary condition is the availability of legislative base which defines the directions of the state financial policy in many respects. These direc-tions include: effective organization and functioning of budgetary system of the Russian Federation, optimum incomes differentiation between the levels of budgetary system, including taxes, and etc. The decisions made at the state level are of influence on financing of culture institutions.

Ways to improve tax administration of major taxpayers of oil and gas sector

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 1064-1076
Author(s):  
O.V. Ovchar
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Tax Administration ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
Original Interpretation ◽  
Instrumental Methods ◽  
Oil And Gas Sector ◽  
Tax Regulation

Subject. Under rapid changes in the external economic environment, new forms and methods of State regulation of oil and gas industries, especially, improving the taxation and tax regulation instruments become relevant. Objectives. The study aims to provide an original interpretation of methods of improving the tax administration of major taxpayers in the oil and gas sector applied at the present stage. Methods. I employ normative and holistic approaches to examine taxation efficiency in the oil and gas sector, general scientific and special methods of scientific cognition, i.e. retrospective, system analysis, observation, classification, instrumental methods of grouping, sampling, comparison and synthesis, as well as evolutionary and dynamic analysis. Results. I consider basic problems and solutions in the sphere of tax administration of major taxpayers of Russian oil and gas industries. The paper offers a package of measures and recommendations aimed at improving the efficiency of tax regulation, underpins the applied approach to tax administration of organizations operating in the oil and gas sector. Conclusions and Relevance. Our country needs a comprehensive program for tax administration of the entire technological cycle: from upstream operations to full-scale import substitution of consumer goods.

scholarly journals Next Generation Industrial IoT Digitalization for Traceability in Metal Manufacturing Industry: A Case Study of Industry 4.0

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 628
Author(s):  
Michail J. Beliatis ◽  
Kasper Jensen ◽  
Lars Ellegaard ◽  
Annabeth Aagaard ◽  
Mirko Presser
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Industrial Iot ◽  
Production Cycles

This paper investigates digital traceability technologies taking careful consideration of the company’s needs to improve the traceability of products at the production of GPV Group as well as the efficiency and added value in their production cycles. GPV is primarily an electronics manufacturing service company (EMS) that manufactures electronic circuit boards, in addition to big metal products at their mechanics manufacturing sites. The company aims to embrace the next generation IoT technologies such as digital traceability in their internal supply chain at manufacturing sites in order to stay compatible with the Industry 4.0 requirements. In this paper, the capabilities of suitable digital traceability technologies are screened together with the actual GPV needs to determine if deployment of such technologies would benefit GPV shop floor operations and can solve the issues they face due to a lack of traceability. The traceability term refers to tracking the geolocation of products throughout the manufacturing steps and how that functionality can foster further optimization of the manufacturing processes. The paper focuses on comparing different IoT technologies and analyze their positive and negative attributes to identify a suitable technological solution for product traceability in the metal manufacturing industry. Finally, the paper proposes a suitable implementation road map for GPV, which can also be adopted from other metal manufacturing industries to deploy Industry 4.0 traceability at shop floor level.

Foreign Trade of Russia: Barometer Foretells Storm

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
V. Obolenskiy
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Effective System ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Developed Countries

The development of Russian foreign trade during the previous five years is analyzed. It is stated that, in terms of value, exports of services and imports of goods and services steadily grew during the first four years of the period under review. Exports of goods also rose during three years, but in 2014 both exports and imports again fell in comparison with the previous year as was the case five years ago. The composition of the Russian exports and imports of goods did not change radically during the previous years. The main items of export are, as always, mineral products, metals and fertilizers. Import is prevailed by foodstuffs, chemicals and heavy engineering equipment. The current situation is featured by the reduction of world oil prices, slump of the domestic economy and war of sanctions with the Western countries. All this substantially impairs the conditions of Russia’s foreign trade activities and inhibits its development in the upcoming years. In the author’s view, the implementation of measures worked out by the government – correction of tariff liabilities before the WTO, redirecting of trade streams from the European to the Asian markets, import substitution and export support – will unlikely improve the situation. Revision of the liabilities before the WTO in the conditions of the decrease of the internal demand and serious devaluation of Ruble is considered as inappropriate and counterproductive. “Asiatic turn” is only capable to compensate to a certain respect the loss of supplies of some food products from Europe, but cannot fully offset the loss of potentialities of the acquisition of modern technologies and equipment from the developed countries. It is doubtful that it will be possible to dramatically cut the import dependence. It is necessary to replace many kinds of foreign goods, but it is impossible to implement a frontal substitution of import in all directions. Excessive stress on the import substitution might lead to the emergence of shortages and poorer availability of some goods at the internal market and, at the worst, to self-isolation and economic autarky. The attempts to build up an effective system of export support might be successful only in the conditions of the establishment of the large-scale production of goods and services which would be comparable with the foreign analogues in respect to the criteria of price and quality. Taking this into consideration the technological renovation of production processes, first of all in the manufacturing industry, and on this basis rising up of the competitiveness of plants and factories are the most important prerequisites for encouraging export activities and formation of the new export specialization of the country.

At the Origins of Neo-Liberalism: The Free Economy and the Strong State, 1930–1947

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
BEN JACKSON
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Free Society ◽  
Individual Liberty ◽  
Public Controversy ◽  
Strong State ◽  
Middle Way ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Market Liberalism ◽  
The Welfare State

ABSTRACTIt is often suggested that the earliest theorists of neo-liberalism first entered public controversy in the 1930s and 1940s to dispel the illusion that the welfare state represented a stable middle way between capitalism and socialism. This article argues that this is an anachronistic account of the origins of neo-liberalism, since the earliest exponents of neo-liberal doctrine focused on socialist central planning rather than the welfare state as their chief adversary and even sought to accommodate certain elements of the welfare state agenda within their market liberalism. In their early work, neo-liberal theorists were suspicious of nineteenth-century liberalism and capitalism; emphasized the value commitments that they shared with progressive liberals and socialists; and endorsed significant state regulation and redistribution as essential to the maintenance of a free society. Neo-liberals of the 1930s and 1940s therefore believed that the legitimation of the market, and the individual liberty best secured by the market, had to be accomplished via an expansion of state capacity and a clear admission that earlier market liberals had been wrong to advocate laissez-faire.

scholarly journals Empirical evidence of a long-run relationship between agriculture and manufacturing industry output in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eze Osuagwu
Keyword(s):  
Error Correction ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Vector Error Correction ◽  
Vector Error ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Industry Output

<p>This study investigates a relationship between agriculture and manufacturing industry output in Nigeria from 1982-2015, using the Granger causality, co-integration and error correction techniques. Empirical evidence reveals a bidirectional relationship between the sectors. Although, a positive and significant relationship exists in the short and long-run estimates, a long-run divergence from the vector error correction model suggest that changes in agricultural productivity are not restored to equilibrium, given that macroeconomic factors distort the linkage. Policy implications indicate that macroeconomic stability is a necessary condition for agricultural and manufacturing sectors to foster economic growth.</p>

scholarly journals Study of lysate activity to modificate collagene raw materials to use in sausage mixture

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Danilov ◽  
Andrey Danilov ◽  
Bayana Bazhenova ◽  
Bayana Bazhenova ◽  
Michail Danilov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Tripolyphosphate ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Meat Industry ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Enzyme Solution ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
By Products

In the current conditions of import substitution, the effective use of secondary raw materials in the meat industry is a relevant issue. A significant source of animal proteins is by-products, the yield of which is about 10% of livestock weight. Some by-products, including beef rumen, contain collagen-containing tissues which require modification for tenderization and deodorization. In order to modify rumen tissues, the biotechnological method of treatment with an enzyme solution, lysate, obtained from a whole bovine abomasum was preferred to the known method where enzyme solution is prepared from an abomasal mucosa. The purpose of this project was to study the activity of lysate from a whole bovine abomasum for the modification of rumen tissue to use it in cooked sausage formulations. We have suggested the method of obtaining enzyme solution based on infusing the minced abomasum in a reaction mixture – water, chlorohydric acid, and sodium tripolyphosphate – followed by filtering. The dependence of proteolytic and collagenase activities of the solution obtained from phosphate dose introduced have been studied; it have been revealed that 1.5% of tripolyphosphate is the optimal dose for efficient extraction of enzymes from the whole abomasum. Besides, an effect of the enzyme solution on functional and technological properties of a heat-treated rumen has been studied, and the improvement of hydro- and lipophilic characteristics has been revealed. Paste with modified rumen has been developed and found that the maximum possible dose of rumen for use in cooked sausage from horsemeat is 15%. The color on the cut of sausage developed was identical to that of beef sausage. Thus, paste made on the basis of modified rumen contributes to the formation of functional and technological properties, the stabilization of the color characteristics of the final product, as well as the effective use of basic meat raw materials and the expansion of the range of economy class high-protein sausage production.

scholarly journals Random-Walk, Agent-Level Pandemic Simulation (RAW-ALPS) for Analyzing Effects of Different Lockdown Measures

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuj Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Random Walk ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Random Walks ◽  
Stochastic Simulation ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Physical Proximity ◽  
Stochastic Simulation Model ◽  
Restrictive Measures ◽  
Effective Use

This article develops an agent-level stochastic simulation model, termed RAW-ALPS, for simulating the spread of an epidemic in a community. The mechanism of transmission is agent-to-agent contact, using parameters reported for the COVID-19 pandemic. When unconstrained, the agents follow independent random walks and catch infections due to physical proximity with infected agents. Under lockdown, an infected agent can only infect a coinhabitant, leading to a reduction in the spread. The main goal of the RAW-ALPS simulation is to help quantify the effects of preventive measures—timing and durations of lockdowns—on infections, fatalities, and recoveries. The model helps measure changes in infection rates and casualties due to the imposition and maintenance of restrictive measures. It considers three types of lockdowns: 1) whole population (except the essential workers), 2) only the infected agents, and 3) only the symptomatic agents. The results show that the most effective use of lockdown measures is when all infected agents, including both symptomatic and asymptomatic, are quarantined, while the uninfected agents are allowed to move freely. This result calls for regular and extensive testing of a population to isolate and restrict all infected agents.

scholarly journals Court Practice Analysis in Cases of Doping in Sport

2019 ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
M. V. Degtyarev
Keyword(s):  
State Regulation ◽  
Legal Definition ◽  
Current State ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Sports Doping ◽  
Restrictive Measures ◽  
Improve State ◽  
Court Practice

The paper is devoted to the study of the possibilities of developing conceptual approaches to create a legal definition of the concept of “sports-doping drug”. Foreign court practice is examined in order to identify legal positions that suggest ways to improve the definition of the concept of «sports doping». The author explains that in the field of preventing and eliminating the illegal use of doping in sport, the administrative potential of the current state regulation is exhaustive in the framework of the modern paradigm, it has limitations to improve the efficiency of administrative and restrictive measures. The paper describes a set of regulatory and empirical materials developed by the author to develop a theoretical framework for a homologated (for new challenges and requirements) legal definition of the term “sports doping agents”. The author gives a legal definition of this concept. The legislation of 33 foreign countries became the regulatory basis of the study. The court practice of 16 foreign countries became the empirical basis of the study. Based on the aforementioned regulatory and empirical foundations, using the methods indicated at the beginning of the paper, the author has developed an author’s conceptual and in-depth legal definition of the term “sports doping agents”, which can significantly improve state regulation in this field.

scholarly journals OVERCOMING THE CONSEQUENCES OF UKRAINIAN MANUFACTURING DEINDUSTRIALIZATION IN THE CONTEXT OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Gakhovich ◽  
◽  
Oksana Kushnirenko ◽  
Liliia Venger ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Technological Leadership

In the paper, we investigate the main causes and consequences of de-industrialization manufacturing and identify important factors influencing the structural transformation of the industrial sector through the prism of global technological challenges. Important challenges identified include environmental challenges of the threatening impact of climate change, digitalization in all spheres of public life, the technological leadership of developed countries in context field of Industry 4.0, changes in the geopolitical landscape and trade conflicts between countries; migration and population aging; changes in competencies and retraining of employees to acquire digital skills; cybersecurity and volatility threats; quarantine amid the COVID-19 pandemic. The current structural imbalances of Ukrainian industrial development are considered and the current state and dynamics of structural changes in the Ukrainian economy in technological, reproduction, sectoral and foreign economic dimensions are analyzed. Crisis trends in the Ukrainian industry developed long before the start of the COVID-19 pandemic: comparing the structure of Ukrainian industry by type of economic activity, a decrease in the share of the manufacturing industry, a loss of production potential for a number of high-tech industries (automotive industry, instrument making, shipbuilding) and a decrease in added value in manufacturing industry with Ukraine's establishment as an independent state in which profound political, social and economic reforms have begun to take place. The analysis made it possible to determine further opportunities for industrial development, taking into account harmonization with European trends in digital and green transformations in industry. Based on the research results, complex directions for solving structural imbalances in industry at interrelated levels are proposed: state, regional and local levels. Overcoming the consequences of Ukrainian manufacturing deindustrialization in the context of European integration is dependent on developing and implementing relevant policy of manufacturing modernization and principles of the "circular economy"; integration into strategic value chains; creating conditions for training personnel with digital competencies; development of an innovative infrastructure – scientific, industrial, technological parks, innovation clusters and business-incubators. This will lead to the development and introduction of domestic innovation in production, which in turn should inspire further progress in the innovation structural transformation in Ukrainian economy and help to enhance national competitiveness and achieve sustained economic growth.

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