State Governance of Coal Mining Industry towards Sustainable Development in Vietnam

Coal is one of the most precious mineral resource, mining and mineral processing contributesto the economic development. In Vietnam, coal mining industry is economically profitable. However, thisindustry shows several disadvantages such as low productivity, wasting resources, negative environmentalimpact. Therefore, the State of Vietnam need to improve the coal mining governance to raise revenues,avoid wasting resources and meet the requirements of sustainable development. The paper aims toevaluate State governance of coal mining industry in Vietnam, and shows the advantages anddisadvantages of this governance. Therefore, this paper proposes the strategies and solutions to improvecoal mining governance in Vietnam towards sustainable development. The structure of the paper includes:(i) Literature review of the importance and requirements of state governance of coal mining industrytowards sustainable development; (ii) State governance of coal mining industry in Vietnam; (iii) Proposalsto improve State governance of coal mining industry towards sustainable development in Vietnam.

Decimal Multiplication in FPGA with a Novel Decimal Adder/Subtractor

Financial and commercial data are mostly represented in decimal format. To avoid errors introduced when converting some decimal fractions to binary, these data are processed with decimal arithmetic. Most processors only have hardwired binary arithmetic units. So, decimal operations are executed with slow software-based decimal arithmetic functions. For the fast execution of decimal operations, dedicated hardware units have been proposed and designed in FPGA. Decimal multiplication is found in most decimal-based applications and so its optimized design is very important for fast execution. In this paper two new parallel decimal multipliers in FPGA are proposed. These are based on a new decimal adder/subtractor also proposed in this paper. The new decimal multipliers improve state-of-the-art parallel decimal multipliers. Compared to previous architectures, implementation results show that the proposed multipliers achieve 26% better area and 12% better performance. Also, the new decimal multipliers reduce the area and performance gap to binary multipliers and are smaller for 32 digit operands.

Brief Reminiscence Activities Improve State Well-Being and Self-Concept in Young Adults: A Randomised Controlled Experiment

Reminiscence-based psychotherapies have been demonstrated to have robust effects on a range of therapeutic outcomes. However, little research has been conducted on the immediate effects of guided activities they are comprised of, or how these might differ dependent on the type of reminiscence. The current study utilised a controlled experimental design, whereby three-hundred and twenty-one young adults (mean age = 25.5 years, SD = 3.0) were randomised to one of four conditions of online reminiscence activity: problem-solving (successful coping experiences), identity (self-defining events contributing to a meaningful and continuous personal identity), bitterness revival (negative or adverse events), or a control condition (any memory from their past). Participants recalled autobiographical memories congruent with the condition, and answered questions to facilitate reflection on the memories. The results indicated that problem-solving and identity reminiscence activities caused significant improvements in self-esteem, meaning in life, self-efficacy and affect, whereas no effects were found in the bitterness revival and control conditions. Problem-solving reminiscence also caused a small effect in increasing perceptions of a life narrative/s. Differences between the conditions did not appear to be explained by the positive-valence of memories. These results provide evidence for the specific effects of adaptive types of problem-solving and identity reminiscence in young adults.

Assessment of the impact of labor productivity on the effectiveness of innovative activities in Kazakhstan and the Northwestern Federal District of Russia

Object: In many foreign countries, growth in labor productivity leads to a reduction in working hours. But these processes are not always proportional and depend on the correlation of social and economic priorities of states, on the conditions of general globalization and neoliberalization. The unfavorable ratio of the internal price proportions of some states and the low level of development of technics and technology act as obstacles to increasing the rate of economic growth. In such conditions, a reduction in working hours will inevitably lead to a reduction in the country's economic potential and the level of income of citizens. The purpose of this article is to study the nature of labor productivity and analyze the relationship between the proportions of labor productivity and the volume of production of innovative products in Russia and Kazakhstan as the largest EAEU states that determine development trends in the region. Methods: The collected data on the relationship between labor productivity and the volume of output of innovative products were analyzed using cluster analysis and nonparametric Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Findings: Labor productivity affects the level of innovative development and affects the overall economic development of individual regions and countries as a whole. The analysis of these processes is very important for the formation of state development policy. Therefore, this study examines the relationship between labor productivity and the volume of innovative products, as well as examines similar processes in certain regions of Russia and Kazakhstan. Conclusions: According to the results obtained, the following hypotheses were accepted: in Kazakhstan and Russia, labor productivity directly affects the innovative production of products. This influence is different in the regions of both countries. In Kazakhstan and Russia, there are regions that are similar in characteristics of the processes of the impact of labor productivity on innovative output, and for them similar measures to improve state policy are recommended.

Foreign economic activity and the performance of the agricultural sector of Ukraine's economy

The purpose of the article is to identify and assess the main trends and scientifically substantiate the need to improve state policy in matters of foreign economic activity of the agricultural sector of the Ukrainian economy. Research methods. In the course of the study, a set of methods for analyzing statistical data that characterize the dynamics and corresponding trends were used. The dialectical and logical methods of scientific knowledge, a systematic approach to the study of processes are applied. Research results. Considered and analyzed the current state and proved the presence of the main negative trends in the development of foreign economic activity of the agrarian sector of the Ukrainian economy at the present stage, suggested ways to improve state regulation. Scientific novelty. The study of the processes of foreign economic activity of the agrarian sector of the Ukrainian economy received further development, an assessment of the existing mechanisms of state regulation was carried out, the necessity was proved and the ways of their improvement were identified. Practical significance. The results and conclusions of the study can be used by government bodies to improve the state agrarian policy, in the educational process and by business entities. Tabl.: 6. Figs.: 1. Refs.: 16.

Increasing the level of economic security of the state based on improving the strategic management system

The article deals with the issues of economic security of the Russian Federation. The aim is to propose measures to increase the level of economic security of the Russian Federation based on improving the strategic management system. Research methods: analysis of theoretical sources, analysis of statistical indicators, comparison. The article discusses the concept of economic security, the current strategy of economic security of the Russian Federation, the existing threats to the economic security of the Russian Federation, as well as ways to improve state strategic management to increase the economic security of the state.

Local Government Fiscal Early Warning Surveys: Lessons From COVID-19

Yang (2020) recently argued for enhanced evidence–based decision making during sudden and widespread economic shocks such as the COVID-19 pandemic, but he lamented the difficulty of acquiring such data in a timely manner. One strategy is to implement an early warning survey system. This article describes Colorado’s experience with a survey the state administered to local government officials shortly after the governor’s stay-at-home order. The state used the survey to inform its fiscal response policies. We describe the advantages and challenges of using surveys as a statewide, rapid information collection strategy as well as offer evidence that the survey yielded relatively accurate data about local fiscal impacts. We also provide an empirical analysis of the survey, employing the Heckman correction technique to account for selection bias, to illustrate how the survey responses can improve state decision making.

Orbital Conflict: Cutting Planes for Symmetric Integer Programs

Cutting planes have been an important factor in the impressive progress made by integer programming (IP) solvers in the past two decades. However, cutting planes have had little impact on improving performance for symmetric IPs. Rather, the main breakthroughs for solving symmetric IPs have been achieved by cleverly exploiting symmetry in the enumeration phase of branch and bound. In this work, we introduce a hierarchy of cutting planes that arise from a reinterpretation of symmetry-exploiting branching methods. There are too many inequalities in the hierarchy to be used efficiently in a direct manner. However, the lowest levels of this cutting-plane hierarchy can be implicitly exploited by enhancing the conflict graph of the integer programming instance and by generating inequalities such as clique cuts valid for the stable set relaxation of the instance. We provide computational evidence that the resulting symmetry-powered clique cuts can improve state-of-the-art symmetry-exploiting methods. The inequalities are then employed in a two-phase approach with high-throughput computations to solve heretofore unsolved symmetric integer programs arising from covering designs, establishing for the first time the covering radii of two binary-ternary codes.