Condition of the tongue, periodontal and immune statuses in men with alcohol dependence syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
K. A. Kunavina ◽  
A. S. Opravin ◽  
A. G. Soloviev ◽  
O. A. Harkova ◽  
N. V. Davidovich
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
History Of ◽  
Alcohol Dependence Syndrome

Relevance. Oral health problems, particularly periodontal diseases, are frequent complications in people with alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS). The assessment of the periodontal, immune status and the tongue condition in ADS patients by the set of indices is promising. Materials and methods. The periodontal and immune status and the tongue condition were examined in 114 men, of whom 47 were patients with stage II ADS and 67 were subjects without a history of ADS. Pearson's chi-squared test, Mann–Whitney U test, logistic regression, factor analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results. ADS patients have significantly worse oral hygiene (p < 0.001) and 35.5 times higher probability of moderate to severe gum inflammation (p < 0.001). Sextants with bleeding (39.0%) and calculus (25.9%) prevailed among ADS patients whereas most of sextants were healthy (85.8%) in the comparison group. Significant inter-group differences were found for all CPI codes except code 4 (p < 0.001). The dorsal surface tongue coating (63.8%) and minor hyperkeratosis (27.7%) prevailed among ADS patients, while in the comparison group, there were no changes in 34.3% of subjects and coating was present in 38.8% (p = 0.003). The risk of satisfactory to poor oral hygiene was 3.7 times (p = 0.007) higher and the risk of moderate to severe gum inflammation was predicted to be 6.5 times (p = 0.015) higher if the examined subjects had changes in the tongue mucosa. The obtained differences in the level of IgG, TNF-α and cortisol prevailed in ADS patients (p < 0.001). Conclusion. In ADS patients, the severity of periodontal diseases, changes in the tongue mucosa and mucosal immunity imbalance are statistically significant. The considered dental markers of chronic alcohol intoxication are proposed to be used at the treatment and checkup dental visits to screen individuals at risk of alcohol use disorder.

scholarly journals Non-painful severe variant form of eruptive lingual papillitis: A case report and literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manal Ahmed Halwani
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Variant Form ◽  
Girl Child ◽  
Rare Case Report ◽  
History Of

Eruptive lingual papillitis is a common benign disorder manifested by inflammation of fungiform papillae on the dorsolateral surface of the tongue. Several variants of lingual papillitis have been reported since 1997, most or all of them with painful erythematous papules. Here we report a case of 6 years old girl child with non-painful severe variant form of eruptive lingual papillitis presented to the emergency department. The entire dorsal surface of the tongue was surfaced by 2-3mm by multiple erythematous papules and some with a white or yellowish colour. The papules were excessively inflamed, pigmented, aggregated, and crusted. The cause was idiopathic which resolved within ten days. The parent and patient were reassured with advice to practice oral hygiene. This is a rare case report describing non-painful lingual papillitis without a history of any prior episodes.

An efficient approach on alcohol dependence syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
Thejaswini Karanth ◽  
Someswar Deb ◽  
Pranathi R ◽  
Kasthuri P
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Chronic Alcoholism ◽  
Total Lifetime ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Standard Population ◽  
History Of ◽  
Alcohol Dependence Syndrome ◽  
Racial Factors

Alcohol consumption results in multiple end-organ damages. Predominantly the nervous system is affected in the form of Wernicke encephalopathy, Korsakoff psychosis, cerebellar ataxia and peripheral neuropathy. Neuropathy due to alcohol consumption depends on the period and extent of total lifetime of alcohol consumption. Cultural and racial factors also play a role in the development of alcohol neuropathy. Alcohol consumption results in multiple end-organ damages. Alcoholic neuropathy is the most common harmful effects of excessive alcohol intake. The incidence of alcoholic neuropathy in the standard population is not accurate as the percentage varies extensively contingent on the description of chronic alcoholism and the criteria used to detect and classify neuropathy. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV), studies involving clinical and electrodiagnostic tests prove that neuropathy is present in 25-66%. Alcoholic neuropathy depends on the extent and extent of total lifetime of alcohol consumption. Cultural and racial factors also play a role in resulting in alcohol neuropathy. Few studies suggest that the incidence of peripheral neuropathy is higher in alcoholic patients who have a family history of alcohol dependence syndrome. This is study finds the Common peroneal and sural nerves are the most common nerves to be involved in neuropathy. Predominantly axonal degeneration is the main pathology. Units of alcohol and CAGE criteria score has a 100% specificity in detecting patients prone to neuropathy.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study about socio-demographic factors and clinical characteristics of male patients with alcohol dependence syndrome

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
NEERAJ J KARANDIKAR ◽  
PRITISH K RAUT ◽  
PRASAD K TAGAD
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Alcohol Dependence Syndrome ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Alcohol abuse is one of the major causes of death and disability globally; and a key risk factor for health, social, and economic problems in the communities. Consumption of alcohol by Indians has increased drastically due to various factors and in an unrestricted manner; and the age of initiation of drinking is progressively coming down. Objective: To determine the socio-demographic and clinical profile of the patients coming for treatment of alcohol dependence syndrome in the psychiatry department. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 male outpatients of alcohol dependence syndrome attending the department of psychiatry at a tertiary care hospital. Sociodemographic data and clinical details were recorded with the help of a pre-designed questionnaire. Results: Nuclear family, family history of alcoholism, unmarried status, higher educational level, unemployment, and peer pressure are the factors significantly associated with early age at first drink and age of dependence on alcohol (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Adolescents having a family history of alcoholism are a high-risk group for developing alcohol dependence and should be targeted for intervention strategies. Community based-longitudinal studies are needed to understand multiple factors influencing alcohol use and recommend targeted preventive measures. Keywords: Alcohol, Alcohol dependence syndrome, Peer pressure, Intoxication, Socio-demographic factors

Absent without leave – can we predict those who go AWOL?

1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Farragher ◽  
Miriam Gannon ◽  
Ishtag Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Past History ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Alcohol Dependence Syndrome

AbstractObjective: To quantify the number of patients absent without leave (AWOL) from an Irish psychiatric hospital in one year and to examine the clinical and demographic data of this group of patients.Method: This was a retrospective study of all patients reported as AWOL from St Brendan's Hospital in 1991. The following information was obtained from the patients' case notes: age, sex, legal status, marital status, psychiatric diagnosis, number of previous admissions, past history of absconding, length and outcome of absence. Their clinical and demographic variables were compared with a control group of 214 patients (non-absconders) randomly selected from the hospital admissions over a 12 month period.Results: A total of 48 patients absconded. The majority were male, single, compulsorily detained, with a past history of absconding. The most common psychiatric diagnoses were schizophrenia (32%), personality disorder (23%) and alcohol dependence syndrome (17%). While absent, three patients had a history of suicidal behaviour and four became involved in criminal activity. Compulsory status was statistically significant when compared to the control group.Conclusion: The characteristics of our group of absconders are similar to those in previous studies apart from the increased prevalence of personality disorder and alcohol dependence syndrome. We discuss the risks associated with absconding and recommend close follow-up of this group of patients.

Alcohol dependence in a psychiatric interconsultation unit

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 119-119
Author(s):  
I. Veiga ◽  
P. Martinez ◽  
L. Vigo ◽  
J. Portillo ◽  
A. Gago
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Care Physician ◽  
Medical Admission ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Acute Agitation ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
The Mean

AimsTo determine the pattern of alcohol dependence among medical impatients who requires Psychiatric Interconsultation, with the purpose of achieve a better understanding of the problem and to suggest prevention strategies.MethodsSample studied was collected among all inpatients with diagnosis of alcohol dependence (DSM-IV-TR) admitted in our hospital during a study period of 3 years, from january 2007 to may 2010, who required psychiatric interconsultation.Results101 admissions with diagnosis of alcohol dependence were reviewed. There were 80 men (79,20%) and 21 women (20,8%). The mean of age was 53,13 years. The mean days of stay was 14,13. In this study, 60 subjects (59,40) there are medical history of alcohol dependence and 58 (57,42%) psychiatrc history.Aims of admissionAlcohol deprivation 13 cases (12,87%); convulsion 6 (5,94%); acute agitation 5 (4,95%); cranioencephalic trauma 5 (4,95%); alcohol intoxication 5 (4,95%); fracture 4 (3,96%); suicide attempt 6 (3,96%); psychiatric indication 10 (9,9%); primary care indication 3 (0,029%); organic problem secondary to alcohol 32 (31,68%); other 12 (6,11%). 42 patients were admitted in Unidade Medica de Alta precoz (41,58%); Medical 21 (20,79%); Traumatology department 4 (3,96%); Gastroenterology 12 (6,11%); Neurology 3 (0,029%); Other departments 19 (18,81%).ConclusionsThe main cause of medical admission are somatic complications of alcohol, finding that only 9.9% of the income was indicated by the psychiatrist and to 0.029% for the primary care physician. Primary, secondary and tertiary prevention 1, 2 and 3 of these complications should be a target of psychiatry.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF DENTAL CARIES PREVENTION IN CHILDREN WITH OLIGOPHRENIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
N.L. Chukhray ◽  
Е.V. Bezvushko ◽  
G.Z. Dutko ◽  
U.O. Stadnyk ◽  
Kh.H. Musiy-Sementsiv
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Caries Prevention ◽  
Intensity Level ◽  
Observation Period

Nowadays dental caries and periodontal diseases are among the most pressing problems in Paediatric Dentistry. Young patients with psychoneurological disorders are a special category among children with somatic pathology. At the same time, the issue of providing dental care to such children is underrepresented. Today, traditional schemes used for the prevention and treatment of caries and periodontal disease in children with mental retardation requires further improvement taking into account the clinical status of children with particular forms of mental retardation, including oligophrenia. Thus, the aim of our study was to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a complex of measures to prevent dental caries in children with oligophrenia. To assess the effectiveness of the elaborated preventive complex, 56 children aged 12 years with the diagnosis of oligophrenia of I degree of severity (mild mental backwardness) were under observation during 2 years; 27 children received the complex we developed. The group of comparison included 29 children; caries prevention measures for these children were based on regional protocols (hygienic education, keeping oral hygiene, use of fluoride toothpastes). The effectiveness of the developed preventive complex was evaluated 6, 12 and 24 months after the beginning of its implementation according to the following criteria: the growth of dental caries intensity; reduction in the growth of dental caries intensity; level of oral hygiene (OHI-S index); changes in the biocenosis of the oral cavity (in 1 and 6 months of the observation). The results of the examination after the 6 month observation period have shown the dental caries intensity in children of the main group is 6.65 ± 0.45 teeth that is 1.02 times lower than in the children of the comparison group (6.79 ± 0.26 teeth, p ˃0.05). Thus, the growth of dental caries intensity in the children of the main group is, on average, 0.41 ± 0.05 tooth, which is significantly lower than in children of the comparison group (0.58 ± 0.06 tooth, p <0.05 ). The reduction in the growth of caries intensity in children who received the developed preventive complex was 41.46%. Thus, during two years of the observation, the growth of caries intensity in children of the main group is 1.52 ± 0.08 tooth that is 1.74 times lower than in children of the comparison group (2.64 ± 0.9 tooth, p <0, 05). The reduction in the growth of caries intensity in children who received this preventive complex is, on average, 42.42%. The effectiveness of the proposed preventive complex for children with oligophrenia and carious lesions was also evaluated by using the hygienic Green-Vermillion index. According to the data obtained, at the period of inclusion into the study, the children in both groups demonstrated nearly the same indices of the oral hygiene. However, over the period of the study, the indices of the hygiene index between the children of the main group and the comparison group differed significantly. The application of preventive complex in children with oligophrenia resulted in better oral hygiene than in that the children of the comparison group. This can be explained by professional hygiene, quality control of toothbrushing and hygiene education of children and their parents. The effectiveness of the elaborated complex of preventive measures was also evidenced by changes in the oral biocenosis in the children of the main group in 1 and 6 months of the observation. The findings of microbiological studies showed that the microbial spectrum of the oral cavity changed toward the healthier balance in the children of the main group during the observation period: there was gradual decrease in pathogenic microflora and an increase in symbiotic microflora. Thus, the analysis of findings obtained over the two year observation period in children with oligophrenia, who received the complex of measures to prevent dental caries prevention has confirmed its effectiveness by reducing the growth of caries intensity, the reduction in the growth of caries intensity, hygiene improvement and normalization of oral microbiocenosis.

scholarly journals Клінічна ефективність використання різних видів шинуючих конструкцій у пацієнтів із генералізованим пародонтитом ІІІ ступеня тяжкості

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Bida ◽  
P. O. Guryn ◽  
G. I. Viun
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Periodontal Status ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Comparative Group ◽  
Degree Of Severity ◽  
Periodontal Indices

Summary. The use of orthopedic methods as a complex treatment of periodontal diseases significantly improves the results of treatment and contributes to the achievement of stabilization and long-term remission, as they are aimed at eliminating aggravating factors of periodontitis development, reducing the progression of the disease or already existing complications, normalizing the function of periodontal tissues.The aim of the study – to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the use of various splints in patients with generalized periodontitis of the III degree of severity and 3 degrees of mobility of the mandibular anterior teeth.Materials and Methods. 51 patients with generalized periodontitis of the III degree of severity and 3 degrees of mobility of the mandibular anterior teeth were splinted using an adhesive fiber splint (comparative group) or a universal folding periodontal splint (main group). The indices of the oral hygiene (OHI-S and O’Lear’s plaque index) and the periodontal indices (PMA index, gingival index, periodontal pockets, epithelial attachment loss, recession level) were used.Results and Discussion. The indices of the oral hygiene in the main group were significantly better (OHI-S=0.8±0.33, O’Leary=25.7±10.15), comparable to the comparative group (OHI-S=1.3±0.32; O’Leary=59.79±12.52) and statistically significant (p>0.05). Periodontal indices of in the main group were slightly better, but statistically did not differ between the groups. In the comparison group, the periodontal indices were worse, but statistical difference between the groups was not noted (p>0.05). After 12 months in the main group, there was no damage of the splint and no return of the mobility of the teeth. In the comparison group, 71 % of patients had splints damage and a return to mobility of some teeth.Conclusions. Improvement of the oral hygiene in the main group of the hygienic construction of the universal folding periodontal splint allowed to maintain indicators of the periodontal status at one level, which contributed to the stabilization of the pathological process. The deterioration of oral hygiene in the comparison group, 12 months after treatment, caused a slight deterioration, and other indicators of the periodontal status.

Surveying adherence of dental clinic patients to preventive measures in oral cavity

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Kudryavtseva ◽  
V. V. Tachalov ◽  
E. S. Loboda ◽  
L. Yu. Orekhova ◽  
E. Yu. Nechai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Dental Clinic ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact

Relevance. Periodontal diseases are a medical and social problem due to the wide spread among the population of developed countries and the impact on the quality of life. Among the many factors that are important in the development of inflammatory periodontal diseases, an important role is played by adherence to the recommendations of the dentist in respecting oral hygiene. Aim of the work was to study the adherence of patients of the dental clinic to compliance with preventive measures in the oral cavity.Materials and methods. A total of 98 patients of dental clinic, 62 female (medial age 38,6 ± 14,0 years) and 36 male (medial age 37,2±13,1 years) participated in survey. The study participants flled in the profle and answered questions about age, gender, harmful working conditions and bad habits, frequency of visits to the dental clinic, attitudes to the prevention of dental diseases, knowledge about the means and methods of oral hygiene.Results. As a result of the study, it was found that in the vast majority of cases, respondents are employed in production that does not adversely affect their health (91%), only 8% of patients indicated harmful working conditions.Conclusions. The study revealed that, despite the recommendations of the dentist, patients are not always committed to the implementation of preventive measures in the oral cavity. Dentists need to motivate patients to use not only the usual methods and means of hygiene, but also additional ones necessary for maintaining dental health.

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SELF HARM BEHAVIOR AMONG ADULTS WITH ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE SYNDROME AND DEPRESSIVE DISORDER

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Penubarthi Sravanthi ◽  
Kailash S ◽  
Shabeeba Z ◽  
Sivabackiya C ◽  
Srinivasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Alcohol Dependence Syndrome ◽  
Self Harm
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