BREEDS COMPOSITION IN THE BREEDING MEAT CATTLE BREEDING IN RUSSIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-12
Author(s):  
Л.П. БОГОЛЮБОВА ◽  
С.В. НИКИТИНА ◽  
Е.А. МАТВЕЕВА ◽  
Е.Е. ТЯПУГИН
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
The World ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
The Russian Federation

Изучен породный состав и численность племенного скота мясного направления продуктивности в Российской Федерации. На долю мясных пород в мире приходится 40%  от всего поголовья крупного рогатого скота. В России специализированное мясное скотоводство как самостоятельную отрасль животноводства начали создавать в начале 30-х годов прошлого века. На современном этапе в нашей стране разводят 12 пород крупного рогатого скота мясного направления продуктивности. К наиболее многочисленным относят абердин ангусскую, калмыцкую, герефордскую и казахскую белоголовую. Относительная численность животных этих пород составляет около 97% от всего поголовья скота мясного направления продуктивности. Лимузинская, галловейская, обрак, шаролезская, салерс имеют небольшой удельный вес, и совсем незначительный — у таких пород, как симментальская мясная, русская комолая и бланк-блю бельж. Территориальные и климатические особенности России позволяют в настоящее время заниматься мясным скотоводством в 59 регионах во всех федеральных округах. В 2000 году разводили 9 пород в 7 округах с численностью племенных животных около 82 тыс. голов. В 2019 году поголовье племенного мясного скота составило более 359 тыс., принадлежащих 12 породам, что в 4,4 раза больше по сравнению с 2000 годом. The article discusses the breed composition and number of breeding cattle for meat production in the Russian Federation. There are thousands of different breeds in the world, but only a few dozen are classified as meat. The share of beef cattle in the world accounts for 40% of the livestock, respectively 60% are dairy cattle. In Russia, specialized beef cattle breeding as an independent branch of animal husbandry began to be created in the early 30s of the last century. At the present stage, 12 breeds are bred in the beef cattle breeding of our country. Numerous breeds include Aberdeen Angus, Kalmyk, Hereford and Kazakh white-headed. The relative number of these breeds is about 97% of animals in the meat production direction. The rest of the breeds (Limousine, Galloway, Obrak, Charolais and Salers) have a lower specific weight. It is necessary to distinguish breeds with an insignificant specific gravity - these are Simmental meat, Russian hornless and blank-blue belge. The territorial and climatic features of Russia currently allow for beef cattle breeding in 59 regions in all federal districts. In 2000, 9 breeds were bred in 7 districts with about 82 thousand breeding animals. In 2019, the number of pedigree beef cattle amounted to more than 359 thousand heads belonging to 12 breeds, which is 4.4 times more than in 2000.

scholarly journals INNOVATIVE PROCESSES IN THE BEEF CATTLE INDUSTRY

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 175-182
Author(s):  
K.M. MADENOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Republic

The article is devoted to the development of innovative processes in the livestock industry of meat sector. The main forms and methods of classification of innovations are studied. The features of innovative activity of enterprises of agro-industrial complex of Kazakhstan are analyzed. Indicators of innovative activity of agricultural entities of the republic in comparison with European countries are presented. The author pays main attention to the formation and development of innovative processes at enterprises for production of meat and products of its processing, which is of considerable interest, since innovative activity in this industry has its own specific features. In agricultural sector, economic and financial state of production directly depends on introduction of innovations, the use of modern innovative technologies that save resources, increase the profitability and efficiency of production system. The assessment of potential resources for the development of beef cattle breeding has been carried out, the tendencies of the growth of livestock, meat production, its import and export in recent years have been studied. The main problems of animal husbandry industry, in particular raising of beef cattle, are highlighted, conclusions about the possibility of increasing the potential of meat products are drawn. On the basis of performed analysis of the level of innovation activity, the identified problems in agricultural production, recommendations were developed for the future development of innovations in the country's beef cattle breeding, since in the new economic conditions, an important role is played by innovative developments and their application in this industry.

scholarly journals Moving to Advanced Intelligent Manufacturing Technologies: Automation and Electronization in Livestock

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
E.B. Petrov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
World Market ◽  
Intelligent Manufacturing ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
The World ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies

The assessment of the world market of intelligent agriculture is provided. The areas of development of digital solutions in animal husbandry, in particular, the industry of beef cattle breeding, the transition to advanced digital, intelligent production technologies, and the creation of systems for processing large amounts of data are discussed.

scholarly journals Organization of Breeding of Beef Cattle in the Pedigree Breeding Unit OOO "Galloway Kostroma"

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
А.В. Масленникова ◽  
Р.В. Тамарова
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Industrial Use ◽  
Pedigree Breeding

Представлена система содержания, кормления, производственного использования и селекционная работа с мясным скотом галловейской породы в стаде племрепродуктора, в климатических и кормовых условиях Костромской области. Исследовано влияние паратипических и генетических факторов на эффективность разведения мясного скота в Нечернозёмной зоне Российской Федерации. Ресурсосберегающая технология производства мяса при чистопородном разведении галловейского скота, применяемая на предприятии, позволяет получать высокие показатели воспроизводительной способности животных и интенсивности роста молодняка: выход телят на 100 коров – 85–88%, среднесуточные приросты живой массы молодняка в период выращивания – 852 г. Это свидетельствует о хорошей реализации генетического потенциала животных галловейской породы, при одновременном соответствующем научном обеспечении селекционной работы с племядром стада. Успешная адаптация мясного скота галловейской породы является предпосылкой для перспективного его разведения и повышения эффективности отрасли мясного скотоводства. The system of management, feeding, industrial use and breeding with beef cattle of the Galloway breed in herd of pedigree breeding unit, in climatic and fodder conditions of the Kostroma region is presented. The influence of paratypic and genetic factors on the efficiency of breeding beef cattle in the non-black-earth zone of the Russian Federation was investigated. The resource-saving technology of meat production in purebred breeding of the Galloway cattle used at the enterprise allows to obtain high indicators of animal reproductive ability and growth intensity of young animals: calf yield per 100 cows – 85–88%, daily live weight gain of young animals during the rearing period – 852 g. This indicates a good realization of the genetic potential of the Galloway animals breed, while ensuring appropriate scientific support for breeding work with the herd nuclear stock. Successful adaptation of the Galloway beef cattle is a prerequisite for its promising breeding and improving the efficiency of the beef cattle breeding industry.

Reserves of Meat Production: Breed Zoning of Beef Cattle Breeding in Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
A.V. Chinarov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Comprehensive Assessment ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Breeding Farms

Based on the analysis of breeding work materials at the Russian meat cattle breeding, the importance and effectiveness of scientific breeds’ zoning was shown. Meat cattle which is bred at the Russian breeding farms is not worse than foreign one in terms of growth intensity, live weight, milk content and meat qualities. Multi-breeding is an objective necessity for the Russian Federation with its diverse natural and economic conditions. In 57 regions of the country, a comprehensive assessment of breeding and productive qualities of meat cattle is carried out. Strengthening the breeding base and matching the placement of cattle breeds to the natural and economic conditions of the regions is one of the most important conditions for the successful development of meat cattle breeding.

СОСТОЯНИЕ МЯСНОГО СКОТОВОДСТВА В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ: реалии и перспективы

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.M. DUNIN ◽  
S.E. TYAPUGIN ◽  
R.K. MESHCHEROV ◽  
V.P. HODYKOV ◽  
V.K. ADZHIBEKOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Comprehensive Assessment ◽  
Sales Volume ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Further Development

Рассмотрены состояние и перспективы развития мясного скотоводства в Российской Федерации. Проведен мониторинг численности поголовья, породного состава и продуктивности мясного крупного рогатого скота во всех категориях хозяйств, изучены масштабы и объемы бонитировки скота за 20102018 годы. По данным Минсельхоза России, в 2018 году поголовье крупного рогатого скота в стране составило более 18 млн голов, в том числе численность животных специализированных мясных пород во всех категориях хозяйств достигла 2,26 млн голов. Комплексная оценка 711,16 тыс. голов, или 34,1 от общей численности мясного скота, в том числе 389,8 тыс. коров, принадлежащих к 15 породам и типам, разводимым в 57 регионах Российской Федерации показала, что наибольшее подконтрольное поголовье имеют абердин ангусская порода (417545 гол.), калмыцкая (137262 гол.), герефордская (87278 гол.) и казахская белоголовая породы (52563 гол.). Все подконтрольное поголовье животных является чистопородным и IV поколения, в том числе 99,7 быков-производителей и 99,3 коров. Анализ живой массы пробонитированного поголовья выявил тенденцию к ее повышению у коров всех возрастов в среднем на 54 кг, быков производителей на 39 кг, или на 16,7 и 5,2 за последние 9 лет, соответственно. Живая масса коров по итогам 2018 года в среднем составила 546 кг, быков-производителей 791 кг. По состоянию на 1.01.2019 года, племенная база мясного скотоводства страны представлена 270 племенными стадами, в том числе 46 племенными заводами и 224 племенными репродукторами. В 2018 году в различные категории хозяйств из племенных предприятий было продано 35517 голов племенного молодняка, в том числе 6388 ремонтных бычка с классами элита и элита-рекорд (85,3). В 2018 году было продано племенного молодняка в расчете на 100 коров галловейской породы 33,0 головы, казахской белоголовой 29,1 герефордской 28,0 калмыцкой 22,2 лимузинской 15,5 абердин ангусской 8,8 русской комолой 8,2 и симментальской мясной 4,7 голов. На основании мониторинга состояния мясного скотоводства страны за 20102018 годы были намечены перспективы дальнейшего развития.The article considers the state and prospects of development of beef cattle breeding in the Russian Federation. The number of livestock, breed composition and productivity of beef cattle in all categories of farms was monitored, the scale and volumes of bonding of cattle for the studied 9-year period (20102018) were studied. According to the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia, in 2018 the number of cattle in the country amounted to more than 18 million heads, including the number of cattle of specialized meat breeds in all categories of farms reached 2.26 million heads. A comprehensive assessment of the number of livestock in the amount of 711.16 thousand animals or 34.1 of the total number of beef cattle, including: cows 389.8 thousand heads belonging to 15 breeds and types bred in 57 regions of the Russian Federation, showed that the largest controlled livestock are: Aberdeen Angus breed 417545 animals, Kalmyk 1372726 animals, Hereford 87278 animals and Kazakh white-headed breed 52563 animals. Almost all of the controlled livestock of animals is purebred and IV generation, including: respectively 99.7 of bulls producers and 99.3 of cows. The analysis of live mass of a livestock revealed a tendency to its increase at cows of all age on average on 54 kg, bulls on 39 kgor for 16.7 and 5.2 for the last 9 years respectively. The live mass of cows following the results of 2018 averaged 546 kg, bulls 791 kg. As of January 1, 2019, the breeding base of beef cattle breeding in the country is represented by 270 breeding herds, including: 46 breeding plants and 224 breeding reproducers. In 2018, 35,517 heads of pedigree young animals were sold to various categories of farms from pedigree enterprises, including 6,388 repair bulls with elite classes and an elite record record for appraisal (85.3). An analysis of the sales volume of pedigree young animals in the context of farmed meat breeds showed that in 2018 pedigree young animals per 100 cows were sold in the country: Galloveian breed 33.0 goals, Kazakh white-headed 29.1 goals, Hereford 28, 0 goals., Kalmyk 22.2 goals., Limousin 15.5 goals., Aberdeen Angus 8.8 goals, Russian kolola 8.2 and Simmental meat 4.7 goals. Based on the monitoring of the state of beef cattle breeding in the country for the study period (20102018), prospects for further development were outlined.

scholarly journals HFRS Morbidity Dynamics in Federal Districts of the Russian Federation from 2001 to 2007

2008 ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
V. P. Toporkov ◽  
L. N. Velichko ◽  
A. E. Shiyanova ◽  
E. V. Kouklev ◽  
N. V. Popov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Far East ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Sickness Rate ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Average Index ◽  
Epidemiologic Analysis

The retrospective epidemiologic analysis of HFRS morbidity carried out from 2001 to 2007 showed that the highest sickness rate was registered in Privolzhsky federal district with 20.4±2.3 average index that exceeded the similar one countrywide 4-fold and the incidence specific weight was 88.0 % of the total number of cases. The indexes of HFRS incidence in the rest 6 dis­tricts were lower than the Russia wide one 3-4-fold and more. During the analyzed period the tendency to increase the HFRS incidence level was observed in Privolzhsky, Ural and Far East districts and in the country.

scholarly journals Pork production and consumption issues from the perspective of the religion and the World's growing population

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
Viktoria Vida ◽  
István Szűcs
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Pork Meat ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The World ◽  
Growing Population ◽  
Pork Consumption

In this article we would like to present the production and consumption issues of pork meat in the world. We intend to examine the production and consumption of pork meat from the point of view of the population. The growing population of the world requires an increasing amount of food, especially animal source of protein, ie meat. We want to examine how the world can supply the growing population with food, including (pork) meat. The growing population generates ever-increasing consumption from year to year, and may not be able to satisfy it, adequately supplying the population with food, especially (pork) meat. Livestock farming, especially extensive animal husbandry, will be less able to produce sufficient quantities of meat for the growing needs. During the analysis of food (meat) data we would like to present the difference between each continent on both the production and the consumption side. Examining the pork consumption, it should be mentioned the differences in the cultural habits, because the pork meat is the most affected in religious restrictions, regulations. The religious affiliation/identity is basically determined by the food and consumer habits, too. Due to the differences in dietary habits and religious culture, we think that the consumption of pork can be highly variable in the world and from country to country as well. In general, we would like to answer questions about how the world (pork) meat production is going, is the meat consumed in the countries where it is produced (export – import issues), what are the factors that influence (pork) meat consumption (culture and religion impact on pork consumption, animal health issues), and is there enough (pork) meat for the world's growing population. JEL code: P46, Q18, Q56

scholarly journals Scientific foundations of digitalization of agro-industrial production

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
S. M. Yessengaliyeva ◽  
◽  
A. I Gizzatova ◽  
B. K. Rakhimgaliyev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Products ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Meat Industry ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Republic

The relevance of this topic of the article is associated with the need to automate and digitalize the branches of agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan, ensuring the country's food security and improving the well-being of the rural population. The main problems of the development of animal husbandry in the republic are considered. The structure of its production by farm categories has been analyzed. It has been determined that about 55% of the industry's products are provided by the households, which contain 55.3% of the cattle population. The purpose of the study is to justify the need to increase the volume of beef cattle breeding through the use of innovative technologies and digitalization of livestock farms, as well as the development and scientific confirmation of rational options and technical solutions for low-cost, environmentally friendly meat production technologies. The work uses the methods of economic and statistical analysis, which consists in summarizing statistical data, illustrative presentation of factual information, etc. Results – the authors state that meeting the existing high demand for Kazakhstani meat products in domestic and foreign markets currently requires a transfer and adaptation of highly efficient technologies based on automation and digitalization of production processes in livestock farming, taking into account the objective conditions in the regions of the country. The data on technology of organizing winter and cultivated pastures in cattle breeding, pasture rotation, seasonal rotations, preparation of scientifically grounded feeding rations, the choice of machines and equipment for the automation of technological processes are presented. An economic assessment of the effectiveness of creating model farms by levels of digitalization was carried out: basic, advanced, digital; indicators of labor productivity, payback period are calculated. The conclusions indicate the need to increase government support for the meat industry.

EXTERNAL FACTORS OF GEOPOLITICAL PROCESSES IN THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION AND REGIONALIZATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-22
Author(s):  
Igor Dobaev
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The South ◽  
Hard Power ◽  
The World ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
External Forces ◽  
North Ossetia

Russia is the largest country in the world, a civilization state, with its unique geopolitical code. To change this course, the identity of our country, to force it to wander in the wake of the geopolitical and foreign policy aspirations of other centers of power, a number of geopolitical projects based on “hard power”, “soft power” as well as “soft power” are being implemented in the Russian Federation and beyond its external borders. At the same time, due to the large-scale territory of Russia, the presence of its internal regions that are different in their characteristics, various projects are deployed by external forces in various directions. This article discusses the geopolitical projects of the main external forces projecting their influence on the South of Russia - the territories of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation that are part of the Southern and North Caucasian federal districts. There are eight republics there: Adygea, Daghestan, Ingushetia, Kabardino-Balkaria, Kalmykia, Karachay-Cherkessia, Crimea, North Ossetia-Alania and Chechnya, two territories - Krasnodar and Stavropol and three regions - Astrakhan, Volgograd and Rostov; in total 14 subjects of Russia.

FEED DISPENSERS FOR DOMESTIC MEAT ANIMAL HUSBANDRY

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1233-1239
Author(s):  
V.Y. Sidorova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Vitamin Supplements ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Meat Animal ◽  
Technological Means

The article examines the influence of domestic feed dispensers’ technical characteristics on the quality of preparing various types of feed for beef cattle breeding. Among the studied options for preparation and distribution of feed for beef cattle are mixer-feeders, which in the form of mobile trailers, trailers, semitrailers and stationary installations are universal transport and technological means for crushing, mixing, unloading various types of feed and feed mixtures: long-fiber green mass, silage, haylage, loose and pressed hay, straw, briquetted, wet and frozen fodder. Domestic feed dispensers are suitable for mixing various feed components into homogeneous (95-98%) grain mixtures, technical specialized feed mixtures, etc., with automated electronic weighing systems, control of the quantity and quality of feed, with the production of feed fraction up to 10 mm and taking into account the requirements for humidity. The models have options for the injection of liquid components: water, oils, vitamins, etc. The main structures of the feed dispensers are horizontal and vertical, for processing ingredients with a density of 300-500 kg/m3 into a loose mass without loss of nutritional value. The volume of the bunkers varies from 3 to 20 m3; dimensions of various modifications of the model range are approximately the same: width 1.5-2.3 m, length 3.5-7.7 m, height 1.7-3.2 m. The average weight of horizontal models is 12.5% more than vertical. Horizontal feed mixers are designed for the preparation of protein mineral and vitamin supplements and compound feeds, vertical feed mixers for the main ration. Components - loose, dry, wet, liquid and heavy ones - are prepared in a mixture as a percentage in accordance with the recipe. Premixes, bran, cake, grain meal are also used as fillers.

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