scholarly journals SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENTS IN THE FIELD OF MILITARY EXPERT RESEARCH

2020 ◽  
pp. 707-714
Author(s):  
V. Savechko ◽  
A. Kozlov
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Life Tasks ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Fail Safe ◽  
The Military

The article deals with the main results of the interim report for 2019 of the research work “Development of a methodology for establishing the conformity of actions (inactions) of officials with the requirements of regulatory documents on the organization of storage of missiles and ammunition and other means of destruction at arsenals, bases and warehouses” on the implementation of the activity of the troops (forces) of the Alliance’s military standards, the definition of the subject, object, main tasks and indicative list of issues of military expertise on the study of storage organization of missiles and ammunition. Application of the methodology relates to the research of the following issues: – the formation of arsenals, bases and warehouses; planning and organizing of daily life tasks and official activities; security and defense organization; countering sabotage and terrorist attacks; fire safety; storage of missiles and ammunition; fail safe; – determining the causal link between the actions (inactions) of the officials of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, other forces formed in accordance with the laws of the military forces, law enforcement agencies of the security and defense sector to the current legislation (functional duties, instructions).

scholarly journals THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE METHODOLOGY «CONDUCTING forensic military examinations EVALUATING THE ACTIONS OF OFFICERS (LEADERS, COMMANDERS, CHIEFS) SUBJECTS OF FIGHT AGAINST TERRORISM IN THE COURSE OF ANTI-TERRORIST OPERATION»

2019 ◽  
pp. 837-843
Author(s):  
A. Vlasiuk
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Current State ◽  
Military Research ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Forensic Expert ◽  
Military Units

The article analyzes the current state of the research techniques for evaluating the actions of officials during an antiterrorist operation during a forensic military examination. The structure of the methodology is outlined, the subject-matter, object, subjects and main tasks of the forensic military expertise are determined, the proposed algorithm of actions of the forensic expert during the relevant studies has been developed. The developed methodology covers the study of a causal violation of the current legislation by officials of the Security Service of Ukraine, the Armed Forces of Ukraine, and other military units established in accordance with the law, law enforcement agencies of the security and defense sectors, with the onset of serious consequences – the loss of people, the cause of material damage to legal entities and individuals and so on. According to the results of research work, it will be proposed to include this methodology in the Register of methodologies for conducting forensic expertises and in the List of scientific, technical and reference literature majoring in 16.1 “Military research”. Key words: anti-terrorist operation, methodology, fight against terrorism, judicial military expertise, official.

scholarly journals The Militarization of Law Enforcement: Evidence from Latin America

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo A. Flores-Macías ◽  
Jessica Zarkin
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The United States ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Police Reform ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
Democratic Regimes ◽  
Military Law ◽  
The Military

What are the political consequences of militarizing law enforcement? Across the world, law enforcement has become increasingly militarized over the last three decades, with civilian police operating more like armed forces and soldiers replacing civilian police in law enforcement tasks. Scholarly, policy, and journalistic attention has mostly focused on the first type, but has neglected the study of three main areas toward which we seek to contribute: 1) the constabularization of the military—i.e., when the armed forces take on the responsibilities of civilian law enforcement agencies, 2) the extent to which this process has taken place outside of the United States, and 3) its political consequences. Toward this end, we unpack the concept of militarized law enforcement, develop theoretical expectations about its political consequences, take stock of militarization in Latin America, and evaluate whether expectations have played out in the region. We show that the distinction between civilian and military law enforcement typical of democratic regimes has been severely blurred in the region. Further, we argue that the constabularization of the military has had important consequences for the quality of democracy in the region by undermining citizen security, human rights, police reform, and the legal order.

scholarly journals THEORETICAL BASES OF EXPERT PREVENTION: CONCEPT AND TASKS

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-162
Author(s):  
N. Filipenko ◽  
O. Uhrovetskyi ◽  
O. Sharapova
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Forensic Institutions ◽  
Special Knowledge ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Conceptual Foundations ◽  
The Relationship

The article analyzes conceptual foundations, views and ideas concerning the essence of expert prevention. The relationship between the concepts of «prevention» and «prevention», which is in contact with each other, is investigated, because one of the main problems of the criminal investigation of the phenomenon of expert prevention is the ambiguity of both scientific understanding and the practical application of the corresponding conceptual-categorical apparatus. It is emphasized that the essence of expert prevention is the influence of the relevant subjects on crime through the use of special professional knowledge. That is, to the subject of forensic examination, should include studies of circumstances on the basis of which can be and should be developed scientific, organizational and technical measures of preventive nature. Proven that among the tasks of preventive nature, which can be solved by the staff of judicial-expert institutions, the development of aimed at forecasting in criminalistic aspects of circumstances contributing to the commission of crimes, taking into account the possibilities of certain types of expert research, should occupy an important place. It is proved that the preventive activities of forensic institutions of Ukraine should be carried out: in the production of examinations in specific criminal, administrative or civil cases; by summarizing expert, as well as forensic investigative practices; in the process of research on expert prevention; by providing on the basis of special knowledge of scientific and practical assistance to government agencies and public organizations in identifying circumstances conducive to the commission of crimes. In order to improve the quality of expert-preventive activities, the staff of the forensic institutions of Ukraine should pay maximum attention to the promotion of preventive activities among representatives of law enforcement and law enforcement agencies. On the basis of the analysis, the author’s definition of expert prevention is given: the activity of a forensic expert based on the laws and by-laws of normative legal acts, aimed at revealing the circumstances contributing to the commission of a crime, and the development of measures for their elimination with the use of special knowledge.

ACTIVITIES OF THE MILITARY PROSECUTOR’S OFFICE IN THE CONDITIONS OF CHANGES IN LEGISLATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (32) ◽  
pp. 239-255
Author(s):  
Mukola Turkot
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
National Security ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The State ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Military Justice ◽  
Law Enforcement Agency ◽  
Military Security ◽  
Military Law ◽  
The Military

Тhe purpose of this article is to show the state of the functioning of law enforcement agencies in Ukraine, which are fighting against military crime. In addition, the algorithm for the activities of the military prosecutor’s office is shown after changes are made to the legislation. It was noted that the national security of Ukraine and its military security are protected by the Armed Forces of Ukraine and other military formations. In these military formations serve soldiers, officers and generals. The tasks of each military formation are different. Introduction. The article defines the national security of Ukraine, the military security of Ukraine, and how security is created. The same is said about the subjects of ensuring the security of the state. The same is said about the subjects of ensuring the security of the state. It is separately noted that there is a bill on the State Bureau of Military Justice. This military law enforcement agency should implement the functions of pre-trial investigation against servicemen and others. The research methods are used taking into account the topic of the article, the problems that need to be addressed, and the conclusions to be drawn. Such methods were used: formal-logical, hermeneutical, comparative. Thanks to these methods, it was possible to compare the competence of military formations in Ukraine, to determine the necessary legal possibilities for the future law enforcement agency – the State Bureau of Military Justice. The conclusions contain the author’s statement that the time has come to create, in addition to the military prosecutor’s office, yet another law enforcement body whose competence extended to all military formations. This is due to the fact that in Ukraine at the moment there is no shadow of one military formation, whose competence extends to other military formations. The exception is the military prosecutor’s office.

scholarly journals INTEGRATED CHARACTER OF FORENSIC-EXPERT INVESTIGATIONS IN THE MILITARY SPHERE

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 391-400
Author(s):  
V T. Chuprun
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Forensic Research ◽  
Special Knowledge ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Forensic Expert ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Military ◽  
First Time

The presence of the set of unresolved scientific and practical problems in the new field offorensic expertise "Military Research" is determined, and, first of all, it’s a deficit of scientific and methodical provision. The purpose of the paper is to define the comprehensive nature of forensic research in the military sphere. The experience of modern wars and armed conflicts shows that the battle of combined-arms formations acquires the features of land-and-air combat. It’s noted that in today’s combined arms battles and operations, it’s possible to solve successfully the tasks posed only in a complex manner. An analysis of the expert practice of the Kharkiv RIFE shows that during the last period the amount of the forensic military expertise has significantly increased. When conducting investigative activities in this category of criminal proceedings, a number of different issues arise, resolution of which requires special knowledge in various fields of science. In the Kharkiv RIFE there was initiated the performance of research work on the topic "The technique of forensic expert study of the work of commanders (staffs) and military formations in the preparation and realization of combat (service-combat) tasks". The novelty of the work lies in the fact that for the first time an algorithm is developed for determining, from a military point ofview, the compliance ofactions of responsible persons with the established requirements. An opinion was expressed that the subject of any research, including expert, is its immediate performer. In the latter case, it’s only a forensic expert or a person who is procedurally involved in the performance of the examination. The definition of the subject of a forensic military expertise is given. Attention is drawn to the need of availability for the forensic experts and specialists who participate in carrying out forensic military examinations, of the admittance to the information with limited access.

scholarly journals THE CONCEPT AND STRUCTURE OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PROSECUTOR's SUPERVISION OVER THE ACTIVITIES OF LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-689
Author(s):  
A.A. Nasonov ◽  
O.A. Nasonova
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Law ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Supervisory Relations

The article proves that the concept of "Prosecutor's supervision over the activities of law enforcement agencies" is used in several aspects. This approach allows us to consider this phenomenon as a system of norms regulating public relations for checking the implementation of laws by law enforcement agencies; as criminal procedural relations; as criminal procedural activities of the prosecutor's office. The article examines the structure of the implementation of prosecutor's supervision over law enforcement agencies, which includes the following elements: the subject of implementation, the object of implementation, the means of implementation. Arguments are given in favor of the fact that the object of implementation of the prosecutor's supervision over the activities of law enforcement agencies is the activities of the prosecutor's office aimed at verifying the accuracy of the law enforcement agencies, including the application of measures of the prosecutor's response to them. The subject of implementation of the prosecutor's supervision of law enforcement agencies, which is represented by the prosecutor's office, is being studied. The article describes the means of implementing prosecutor's supervision over the activities of law enforcement agencies. The definition of this implementation process is formulated and its features are revealed, which include: the course of this implementation within the framework of prosecutor-supervisory relations; implementation in the interests of society, the state and the individual; manifestation in the form of lawful actions; reliance on a complex legal framework, the core of which is the Law on the Prosecutor's Office.

scholarly journals Features of prevention of suicidal behavior of the persons performing the professional activity in the extreme environment (on the example of the American Armed forces)

2019 ◽  
pp. 151-158
Author(s):  
Peter Kobetc ◽  
Igor' Il'in
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Extreme Environment ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Positive Experience ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Military

The relevance of this work is due to the fact that at present the problem of suicide among persons engaged in their professional activities in an extreme environment, which include the military and law enforcement officials, is of great concern to the public and the leadership, the Armed forces and law enforcement agencies in different countries. Most of the previous studies have shown that suicide among the considered category of persons adversely affects the combat readiness of the unit and may even lead to a negative attitude in General to the service in the army or law enforcement. In this regard, the authors attempted to analyze the positive experience associated with the prevention of suicidal behavior in the US Armed forces. In the course of the research General scientific and special methods were applied, which allowed to draw reasoned conclusions. Studying the positive experience of suicide prevention in American servicemen, the authors came to the conclusion that the military and political leadership of the us Armed forces not only realized the importance of countering suicidal behavior, but also takes the necessary measures to minimize the phenomenon under consideration. The authors also note that currently in the Armed forces and law enforcement agencies should focus on the need for commanders and direct managers of mental health of soldiers and personnel, including to mitigate the effects of combat stress. The practical significance of the study is expressed in the possibility of using in our country the positive foreign experience in the prevention of mental disorders and suicidal behavior among specialists of dangerous professions. Due to the urgent need to reduce the psychotraumatic impact of negative factors on the group under consideration.

Numbers Assigned in the Vietnam-Era Selective Service Lotteries Influence the Military Service Decisions of Children Born to Draft-Eligible Men

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Johnson ◽  
Christopher T. Dawes ◽  
Matt McGue ◽  
William G. Iacono
Keyword(s):  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
Selective Service ◽  
Vietnam Era ◽  
The Military ◽  
The U.S

Previous research has reported correlations between the military service records of parents and their children. Those studies, however, have not determined whether a parent’s military service causally influences an offspring’s participation in the armed forces. To investigate the possibility of a causal relationship, we examined whether lottery numbers issued to draft-eligible men during the U.S. Vietnam-era Selective Service Lotteries influenced the military participation of those men’s children. Our study found higher rates of military participation among children born to fathers whose randomly assigned numbers were called for induction. Furthermore, we perform statistical analyses indicating that the influence of lottery numbers on the subsequent generation’s military participation operated through the military service of draft-eligible men as opposed to mechanisms unrelated to service such as “draft dodging.” These findings provide evidence of a causal link between the military service of parents and their children.

scholarly journals Merarches in the thematic organization (9th-12th centuries)

2013 ◽  
pp. 215-234
Author(s):  
Milos Cvetkovic
Keyword(s):  
Historical Documents ◽  
Military Organization ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Byzantine Period ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Military ◽  
Source Materials

The text cites the results of the study of the role of merarches, which were a part of the military organization of the Empire in the early Byzantine period. Later historical documents do not give any notion of this position for more than two centuries. The merarches became a part of the thematic organization in the middle of 9th century. Our ability to fully understand the nature of their function is limited due to the scarcity of source materials; this, however, may be overcome by taking into account, the general and political situation in the Empire, that is, by considering the military reforms executed in the 9th and 10th century. This paper focuses on the problem of the military-administrative competences of the merarches, which have been the subject of different interpretations in the modern, scholarly literature. One of the aims of this research is the definition of the timeframe within which the reestablishment of this rank in the Byzantine army occured.

scholarly journals Investigations using digital technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. 06015
Author(s):  
N.G. Shuruhnov ◽  
I.V. Voevodina ◽  
S.V. Stroilov ◽  
E.A. Maslennikova
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Successful Completion ◽  
Important Goal ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Criminal Procedure Law ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Court Proceedings

Despite the fact that activities of authorized persons in during urgent investigative actions are episodic, the absence of responsibility for successful completion of investigation is unacceptable. In this case, law enforcement agencies are fulfilling a single socially important goal, and this should be realized by the relevant officials. Regarding the dynamics of accumulation of information during the investigation of a crime, it should be noted that during urgent investigative actions, an initial array of evidentiary information is formed, which is the result of transformation of initial background knowledge of relevant official regarding what happened under the influence of information obtained by investigative and operational means. The Criminal Procedure Law contains requirements both for the mechanical accumulation of a certain amount of evidence highlighting certain circumstances included in the subject of proof, and for their compliance with strictly established requirements. We are talking about the reliability, sufficiency, relevance and admissibility of evidence, which actually determine the possibility of ultimately using this information in deciding whether a person is guilty or innocent of committing a crime. The required amount of evidence that meets the requirements of reliability and sufficiency ensures the reliability of the evidence base in a criminal case. The evidence obtained should be assessed in the aggregate on the basis of the inner conviction of the person carrying out urgent investigative actions. Their use in the production of further investigation, in the course of court proceedings, depends on how procedurally correct evidence will be collected by the bodies of inquiry during the production of urgent investigative actions.

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