scholarly journals ADVANCED DISTANCE EMPLOYMENT AS A TREND: PROBLEMS, SOLUTIONS, PROSPECTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 57-67
Author(s):  
O.A. Kolesnikova ◽  
◽  
A.A. A.A. Strebkov ◽  

The object of the research is the modern domestic labor market. The aim of the work is to determine the prospects for distance employment considering overcoming potential risks and threats. The methods employed are statistical analysis, analysis of scientific literature, analysis of the results of sociological research and Internet sources. The study result shows the change in the structure of employment due to emerging and fast distribution of its non-standard forms, specific to the information and post-industrial society. The authors proved that this process has both pronounced positive consequences (first of all, an increase in employment efficiency) and negative (instability of employment, precarization of the able-bodied economically active population, etc.). The authors highlight the current features of the modern Russian labor market, which determine distributing of distance employment and show that advanced distance employment is based on a simultaneous change in communication technologies and motivations of professional and labor behavior of the population. The conclusion is that the development of distance employment is determined by a complex of factors, including not only technological, but also economic, social, psychological, institutional ones. To expand distance employment, both objective (state of the economy) and subjective (attitude of employers) prerequisites. The study results may be of use for managing labor resources and the labor market in general, considering overcoming potential risks and threats, as well as based on the most promising forms of employment in modern conditions.

InterConf ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 81-89
Author(s):  
Yuri Kalnysh

The relevance of the research topic is due to the existing general professional demand for the development and expansion of the conceptual and theoretical arsenal of modern social sciences due to the dynamic complication of social forms and structures. The transition from industrial to post-industrial society, globalization and the rapid development of communication technologies have actualized the emergence of a new type of social reality. This problem has not yet been fully investigated due to their novelty and unusualness. Nevertheless, there is an urgent need to respond to the risks of our time, which is what science is called to do. The sociological perspective of the study seems to be the most accurate and fruitful, as it provides an opportunity for a comprehensive examination of this phenomenon. The purpose of the study, the results of which are presented in this report, was to implement the worldview reception of the "new sociality" of modern youth in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine, based on well-known postmodern sociological concepts and the results of their own sociological research.


Author(s):  
M. K. Shnarbekova

This article presented the most significant changes that took place in professional self-determination of young people in connection with economic and social changes of Kazakhstan. The aspirations of young people and their actual steps in choosing the path after school, especially the motivation to form an idea of the future professional activity are considered. Modern practices of educational guidance and professional choice of Kazakhstani youth are analyzed. Sociological research of the features of professional choices of young people in all its versatility opens up new opportunities and prospects in the study: the balance between supply and demand in the labor market. In article we aimed to answer the following research questions: Is the professional choice of young people «alarmingly» unrelated to the labor market needs? What objective and subjective motives guided the youth in a professional choice?  According to the methodology of the study, the sample is 1000 respondents. The survey covers all groups of young people in Kazakhstan – the sample represents young people by gender, age, nationality, marital status, presence of children, level of education, type of employment, degree of religiosity, level of material situation of households and type of settlement. The study results are processed and analyzed using custom software SPSS for Windows (version 21).


PRIMO ASPECTU ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Elena V. VASILEVA ◽  
Muhabbat PULATOVA ◽  
Ekaterina V. OSTANINA

Article is devoted the processes of creative class development in pandemic crisis and contemporary ICT revolution of post-industrial society. Article is analysed the opportunities of European qualification system (EQF and OC) via the relevance of practical application in the new global off-line and on-line labor market.


Author(s):  
Aminet M. Siiukhova ◽  
◽  
Ella M. Kueva ◽  

The article analyzes the problems of interpretation of Max Weber’s theory of «ideal types» in empirical sociological studies. The theory of «ideal types» is effective for studying the systemic qualities of universal socio-cultural institutions, local social groups and individuals. The concept of «ideal» is differentiated in everyday consciousness and in scientific and sociological discourses. In sociology, the «ideal» is understood as referring to the sphere of consciousness, regardless of the positive or negative assessment of a social phenomenon. The examples of possible applications of Weber’s theory for the analysis of modern social spheres of health care and education are shown. In the conditions of industrial and post-industrial society, one of the important statuses in the social structure is the profession, and the typifying factor of the professional community is the professional culture. The scientific operation of the ideal type category within the framework of an empirical sociological study of the professional community/personal cultural level of an individual will be most effectively implemented by means the modeling method, when the essential qualities of the object under study are structured in a graphical model.


2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 571-591
Author(s):  
L.D. Kapranova

Subject. I investigate the current situation in the labor market, and factors affecting its formation and development. Objectives. The article aims to analyze the current demographic situation in Russia based on official statistical sources and expert opinions, to identify demographic problems and their impact on the current condition of the labor market and the structure of the economically active population over the next decade. Methods. The study employs the methods of logical, statistical, qualitative and qualitative analysis. Results. I offer an approach to further development of the mechanism of State regulation of demographic changes from the perspective of supporting the labor market with required labor. Conclusions. The demographic factor should be the basis of the policy of the State in the labor market. It is important to solve the issue of labor resource allocation on the territory of the country in accordance with plans for socioeconomic development. Trends in the labor market formation and development are primarily based on labor resources, the imbalance of their quality in territories. Thus, a differentiated approach to developing a labor market strategy with a long-term perspective is required.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anzelwise Augustus Dominik Paras

Critically building on Zygmunt Bauman’s conception of Liquid Modernity (2000), this research note introduces “Liquid Employment.” This concept is a new theoretical construct that aims to describe the current configuration of employment – that of over-flexibility. This over-flexibility is characterized by the loosening of the once stable institutionalized standards of work. Included here are the lesser significance of possession of educational background and scientific knowledge which conventional wisdom deems as highly significant in the supposed post-industrial society. To illustrate the point, some types of work in the digital and gig economy are examined. This essay adds another dimension to Bauman’s framework of Modernity and questions the orthodox descriptions of the labor market as represented by mainstream economics.


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
I. A. Denisenko ◽  
A. A. Kuzubov ◽  
N. V. Shashlo

Introduction. In 2021 the labor market takes on a new format. Under the influence of various factors, a new social and labor platform “Trud” is being formed. The COVID-19 virus pandemic has dealt a devastating blow to the economy and the world of work in all countries and in the world in particular, causing triple consequences for eco­nomic growth - a supply shock, a demand shock, and an international trade shock. Three main phe­nomena of our time - demography - XXI, globaliza­tion - XXI and "Industry 4.0" have changed and continue to radically change the world of econom­ics, institutions and the world of society [18]. Digi­talization, virtualization of the economy, its hybrid nature, the emergence of various modifications - platform economy, on-demand economy, general consumption economy, gig economy - transform not only the social and labor space [19]. Changes are taking place in the entire social structure of the economy and society, the classic lines between pro­ducers and consumers, workers and employers are being erased; the former polarity of relations and interdependence between the owners of labor and owners of capital is changing. Thus, the social stra­tum of the new digital economy and network socie­ty is acquiring the character of non-classical, atypi­cal, dynamic and unstable forms. The whole system of social and labor relations in the labor market is becoming the same. In the short term, in the econ­omy and society as a whole, under the influence of information and communication and other break­through technologies, the growth of the availability of digital infrastructure, certain changes will occur in the labor market, in this connection, the article highlights groups of technologies that will signifi­cantly affect it: cognitive technologies, cloud tech­nologies, artificial intelligence, industrial Internet, Internet of things, Big Date, blockchain, quantum technologies, neurotechnologies, virtual reality technologies. It has been proven that technologies have already rapidly entered human life, radically changing the conditions of life, motivational at­titudes, and the value of forming the competitive­ness of labor resources. Thus, the transformations taking place in the social and labor sphere under the influence of information and communication technologies, network systems, other resources and institutions of the new digital economy are a com­plete, comprehensive transformation of values, mo­tivational attitudes, hierarchies, sources of develop­ment, resource structure, forms and technologies. interaction, forms and scale of employment, level, structure, income differentiation.Materials and methods. The study was car­ried out on the basis of the following methodologi­cal framework, namely: an integrated approach, a systematic approach, methods of comparative, situational analysis and synthesis, a method of abstract-logical assessment, a method of concre­tization, methods of detailing, typology, grouping, systematization and generalization, induction and deduction, methods of statistical analysis, graphi­cal method.Research results. As a result of the study, an assessment was made of the potential for intra-in­dustry polarization, taking into account the use of information and communication technologies (here­inafter - ICT). It has been proven that information and communication technologies replace individual tasks that are performed by people; respectively, in the market the share of highly qualified experts as well as low-skilled service personnel will increase.The proportion of workers who used ICT in their activities is identified. It was determined that in Russia the maximum number of workers who used ICT in their professional activities were employed in the fields of information and telecommunica­tions, as well as scientific and technical activities. Indicators of the share of workers who used ICTs that were close to the average for Russia were noted in industry, the minimum use of ICTs was in the field of transport, warehousing, postal and courier activities, in the field of water supply. As a result, this made it possible to identify a number of enter­prises with the maximum potential for introducing the latest breakthrough technologies and for refor­matting the structure of the employed population.Discussion and conclusion. The role of the skills and competencies of workers necessary for the formation of competitive labor resources and over­coming various challenges in the labor market is revealed. A core of skills and competencies for effec­tive employment is proposed based on the O*NET content model. It has been proved that promoting the development of non-routine skills is the most relevant strategy for the formation of the competi­tiveness of labor resources in the context of digital and post-viral trends in the transformation of so­ciety. Non-routine social skills related to employee interpersonal interactions and social perception are complemented by ICT applications, with the aim of empowering human capabilities with technology.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4-1) ◽  
pp. 204-222
Author(s):  
Alexey Timoshchuk ◽  

The collective monograph, along with the classical themes of V.A. Kutyrev, contains new themes of his co-authors V.V. Slyusarev and T.M. Khusyainov: transformation of social structures, problems of interaction with virtual assistants, personal self-identification in the information society, labor resources in the context of globalization, opposition to humanism and efficiency in the market. The second theme is the increasing complexity of the information society through speed, data volumes, convergence, and dialogue. Religious differences that have fundamentally differentiated ethnic groups for so many centuries are a thing of the past. Differentiation of consumption styles, the ecological load on the biosphere and the capacity of the habitat; these are the current antinomies of man and technology. The paper deals with the effects of current social dynamics, in particular, the increasing processes of precarization, the accelerating pace of life and population growth. Stable employment, sustainable development, wisdom, conservative values; all of this is offered as a sacrifice to civilization, gamification, informatization and together constitutes a society of risk. Can we talk about human consumption by Technos? Isn't this black slug on the cover of the monograph yet another philosophical hypostatized metaphor? It would be correct to say that in conditions of overproduction of people, we need equipment for more efficient production. Without it, we cannot remain human. Technology helped us to leave a purely biological state and become sapient, civilized. Artificial intelligence, neural networks, robotics, blockchain (data processing distribution), 5G standard, big data, internet of things, cloud computing, 3D printing, augmented reality; these are not monster technologies, transhumanist actors, but something that can provide promising employment to millions of people. The problem of unemployment in post-industrial society is already becoming global, because humanity has reached the limits of development. The rapid precarization of the population is proof of this. The mass of people on the planet cannot find normal employment with social guarantees. So maybe we need to thank tech? The review ends with such an ambiguous conclusion.


Author(s):  
Natal'ya Vyzhimova ◽  
M. Pomykalova

This article examines one of the country's top priorities, such as protecting the national labor market. The modern labor market plays a unique role in the state of the Russian economy. The specificity of this phenomenon is expressed in the diversity of labor resources: Russian and foreign. The bearer of labor power is man, it is he who represents the power of production of the whole society. The labor resource possesses a set of intellectual and physical abilities, values, norms and labor characteristics, which should, first of all, be assessed by the state and the employer in building labor relations. The improvement of the labor market is led by the improvement in the indicators of the economically active population, the level of unemployment and employment. The external labor market is distinguished by its openness and accessibility. The jobs are predominantly occupied by foreign workers. The high level of flows of foreign labor in the Russian Federation forces the state authorities to promptly respond to the situation. The state pays attention, first of all, to providing jobs for the citizens of its country to prevent unemployment. But for a stable economic situation, foreign labor is also required, which is why the state seeks to quantitatively and qualitatively regulate the attraction of foreign flows. Modern Russia is characterized by the western way of attracting foreign labor and limiting migration, it consists in the gradual introduction of a point system for individual assessment of the labor potential of each foreign worker.


Author(s):  
Márcia Gorett Ribeiro Grossi ◽  
Marlene De Oliveira ◽  
Welber Amaro Santos de Souza

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar algumas contribuições de programas sociais e educacionais de inclusão social e digital no Brasil e refletir sobre o software livre e sua contribuição no acesso ao conhecimento e à informação, Apresenta-se dados importantes sobre as desigualdades econômicas e consequentemente tecnologias existentes entre os paises no Sistema Mundial. Para isso apresenta-se como fruto o estudo realizado das iniciativas do Estado brasileiro para diminuir as desigualdades do acesso às tecnologias e, assim promover a inclusão digital. Mostra-se dados e informações importantes sobre contextualizar a disponibilização do conhecimento na sociedade da informação, mostrando como essa disseminação pode ser mais democrática utilizando as tecnologias de informação e os softwares livres, uma vez que o avanço científico, tecnológico e dos meios de comunicação proporcionam maior acesso às tecnologias da informação e de comunicações e posicionam-se cada vez melhor na sociedade pós-industrial. Traz também algumas iniciativas de programas de inclusão digital no Brasil, que tem como meta a redução da exclusão digital. AbstractThis article aims to present some contributions of social and educational programs for social and digital inclusion in Brazil and to think about free software and its contribution to access knowledge and information. It presents important data about economic inequalities, including existing technologies among the World System countries. For this, reports as the results the study of the Brazilian states initiatives to reduce inequalities of access to technology in order to promote digital inclusion. It brings important information about the contextualization of knowledge availability in the information society, showing how its dissemination can be more democratic, using the information technologies and free softwares. It is feasible, since the advance of science, technology and media provide greater access to information and communication technologies and stand up more and more in the post-industrial society. Also, presents some initiatives of digital inclusion programs in Brazil, that aims to reduce digital exclusion.


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