scholarly journals Do the Differences in Ideas about Social Action Influence Sociological Analysis? A Review Article

2021 ◽  
pp. 193-199
Keyword(s):  
Social Action ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Important Concept ◽  
Central Focus ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Research Questions

This article reviews different thoughts of modern sociologists about social action to examine how the differences in the meaning of social action influence sociological analysis. This article also discusses the implication of these differences in the meaning of social action to sociological analysis. Four articles and two books of selected modern sociologists have been reviewed to explore the research questions of this article. This article finds that modern sociologists take social action as an important concept in sociological analysis. Classical sociologists, such as Max Weber, also suggest taking social action as a central focus in sociological study. This article observes that whether action is exerted based on structure or the actor’s self-interpreting power is one of the key issues in the ideas of modern sociologists.

scholarly journals ‘Counterfinality’ in sociological theory: Reconceptualization of the concept

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-710
Author(s):  
I. A. Latypov
Keyword(s):  
Social Action ◽  
Sociological Theory ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Intentional Actions ◽  
Main Ideas ◽  
Classic Papers

Counterfinality is defined as unintended consequences of the uncoordinated actions of rationally acting individuals. Even before the concept was introduced by Sartre and developed by Elster, counterfinality was considered by many scholars. Some defined counterfinality as a type of social paradoxes and dilemmas, others - as an outcome of social interaction. Description and analysis of such social contradictions and paradoxes can be found in the works of Hobbes, Mandeville, Smith, Marx and Hegel. In the 20th century, sociologists also considered the issue of unintended consequences. Many classic papers of Merton contributed to the sociological analysis of the unintended consequences of intentional actions. Subsequent works focused on their classifications, and the phenomenon of counterfinality was highlighted in almost every classification. The term counterfinality was introduced by Sartre as an appendage of history, an unforeseen consequence of many interactions. The sociological study of counterfinality was initiated by Elster. He analyzes counterfinality not within the functionalist paradigm, but in the methodological individualism perspective, and for him, counterfinality acts as a basis for social change. The authors analysis of the main ideas of Sartre, Elster and other authors on counterfinality reveals its distinctive features in general and in the sociological analysis of social action in particular. The author argues that today the counterfinality theory consists mainly of responses and criticism of the ideas of Sartre and Elster, and that further sociological research should focus on conditions, features and consequences of counterfinality, and on its empirical indicators.

A review article on Samskara in Bhaishajya Kalpana

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suvidha Gaikwad
Keyword(s):  
Review Article ◽  
Important Concept

‘Samskara’ is one of the important concepts of Ayurveda. The process or tool by which  Dravya is modified as required is termed as ‘Samskara’. In Ayurveda word Samskara has been used in various aspects with different meaning as per the context. Samskara is included Paradi Gunas.It is also enumerated under the ‘Ashta Vidhi Vishesh Ayatanas’.Charak has defined Samskaras as ‘Karan.’The word “Karan” has been used for “Bheshja” mainly in Charak Samhita. Samskara is an important concept of pharmaceutics. It has vast application which are enlisted in three subtitles as collection of drugs , preservation of drugs and production of medicines.

scholarly journals LIVING HADIS PADA TRADISI TAWASUL DAN TABARUK DI MAKAM SUNAN BONANG LASEM REMBANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 299
Author(s):  
Nur Huda
Keyword(s):  
Human Resource ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
The People ◽  
Value Rationality ◽  
Instrumental Action ◽  
Muslim Communities ◽  
Theory Of Social Action ◽  
Descriptive Method

<p><em>Tawasul</em> dan <em>Tabaruk </em>merupakan tradisi yang sudah banyak dipraktekkan oleh masyarakat muslim pada saat berdoa di makam. Kedua tradisi ini juga sering disalahpahami sebagai praktek yang menjerumuskan kepada kemusyrikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap aspek living hadis pada tradisi <em>tawasul</em> dan <em>tabaruk</em> warga Desa Bonang di makam Sunan Bonang dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif induktif, dan menganalisisnya dengan teori tindakan sosial Max Weber. Penelitian ini menghasilkan beberapa temuan. Pertama, tradisi ini merupakan suatu living hadis. Kedua, berdasarkan tipe tindakan tradisional, para pelaku tradisi ingin terus menerus menghormati Sunan Bonang dengan cara melestarikan tradisi yang sudah dilakukan secara turun temurun. Ketiga, tindakan afektif, memperlihatkan bahwa para pelaku memiliki ikatan emosional dengan para tokoh agama dan waktu pelaksanaan (malam Jumat). Keempat, tindakan instrumental rasional, para pelaku secara sadar mampu melaksanakan tradisi tersebut, baik dari aspek sumber daya manusia maupun aspek finansial. Kelima, rasionalitas nilai, pelaku ingin meniru perilaku tokoh-tokoh agama dan membiasakan diri bersedekah sekaligus ingin menanamkan nilai solidaritas jamaah.</p><p> </p><p>[<strong><em>Tawasul</em> and <em>Tabaruk</em> Traditions in Sunan Bonang’s Tomb Lasem Rembang: A Study of Living Hadith</strong>.<strong> </strong><em>Tawasul</em> and <em>tabaruk</em> are traditions that have been widely practiced by Muslim communities when praying at the grave. These two traditions are also often misunderstood as practices that lead to idolatry. This study aims to reveal aspects of the living hadith in the tradition of <em>tawasul</em> and <em>tabaruk</em> of the people of Bonang Village in the Sunan Bonang tomb by using the inductive descriptive method, and by analyzing it through Max Weber's theory of social action. This study yielded several findings. First, this tradition is a living hadith. Second, based on the type of traditional action, traditional actors want to continue to respect Sunan Bonang by preserving traditions that have been carried out from generation to generation. Third, affective action shows that peoples have an emotional bond with religious leaders (<em>ulama</em>) and the time of implementation (Thursday night). Fourth, rational instrumental action, where the actors are consciously able to carry out the tradition, both from the human resource and financial aspects. Fifth, value rationality, the people want to imitate the behavior of religious figures and get used to giving alms at the same time wants to instill the value of solidarity among the <em>jama'a</em>.]</p>

scholarly journals TRADISI PEMBACAAN SURAH AL-MULK DI MAJELIS TA’LIM RAUDHOTUL ILMI PALEMBANG:

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ali . ◽  
Uswatun Hasanah ◽  
Beko Hendro
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Value Rationality ◽  
Action Value ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
Theory Of Social Action

This article discusses the implementation of the reading of Surah al-Mulk at the Raudhotul Ilmi Palembang Ta'lim Assembly and the views of the Raudhotul Ilmi Palembang Ta'lim congregation on the reading of Surah al-Mulk as well as an analysis of Max Weber on the recitation of surah al-Mulk at the Raudhotul Ilmi Palembang Ta'lim Assembly. This type of research is a field research (Field Research), the type of data used is qualitative with the study of living hadith. This study uses Max Weber's theory of social action related to four actions, namely, traditional action, affective action, value rationality action and instrumental rationality action. The subjects of this research are caregivers, administrators, ustaz and Jama'ah Majelis Ta'lim Raudhotul Ilmi Palembang. The data collection technique used observation by observing and paying attention to the implementation of the tradition of reading surah al-Mulk at the Raudhotul Ilmi Palembang Ta'lim Assembly. While the interview data, the researchers interviewed twelve Jama'ah as respondents, while the documentation was equipped with books, photos and books related to the research. Meanwhile, data analysis uses descriptions and explanations. This study found that the Jama'ah of the Raudhotul Ilmi Palembang Ta'lim Assembly was enthusiastic about the tradition of reciting surah al-Mulk in the Assembly. The congregation of the assembly is of the view that having the reading of Surah al-Mulk before starting the assembly is a good and good thing as a form of imitating the Prophet Muhammad. The congregation of the assembly supported this activity because of the benefits of reading it as a barrier from the torment of the grave and there were some congregations who routinely read Surah al-Mulk. It can be said that the response of the congregation of the assembly tends to know the values ​​contained in the hadith of reading surah al-Mulk. This shows that the living hadith in the congregation of the assembly was carried out and the Raudhotul Ilmi Palembang Ta'lim Assembly fulfilled Max Weber's theory of social action.

scholarly journals Is the legacy of Max Weber relevant today? (On the centenary of his death)

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
Larissa G. Titarenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Action ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
Ideal Type ◽  
Scientific Heritage ◽  
Main Achievement ◽  
Conceptual Apparatus ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Interpretive Sociology ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual

The article discusses the main issues of the scientific heritage of the classic of world sociology Max Weber, and discusses the reasons why his legacy remains relevant today. It touches upon the problems and difficulties associated with the translation of Weber’s works from German, which led to the inaccuracies in the interpretation of his ideas. The article emphasized the main achievement of Weber that is the creation of an interpretive sociology and its conceptual apparatus. Much attention is paid to the concept of «freedom from values» in connection with Weber’s interpretation of science as a sphere in which there is no place for any criteria other than scientific ones, and the difference between the sphere of science and the sphere of politics, where the individual can openly show his interests and preferences. The methodological relevance of the problems and concepts disclosed by Weber, in particular, the concepts of «ideal type», «types of domination», «charisma», «social action», rationality», «bureaucracy» is considered.

scholarly journals Socio-Spatial Research on Logistics and Its Impact on Urban Environment: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-69
Author(s):  
José A. López-Sánchez ◽  
Beltrán Roca
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Transport Activity ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Research Questions

This review article attempts to respond to the following research questions: how has evolved socio-spatial analysis on logistics, which are the most studied types of this economic activity, and the major impacts of logistics on urban space. This article draws on a systemized bibliometric analysis to identify the main tendencies in logistics' spatial study. It identifies four clusters of literature that put interest on different subtopics and approaches. The review reveals the current hegemony of applied research that focuses on sustainability, streamlining, and technology, mainly from the USA and China, despite research on globalization and industry. In fact, concerning the urban space, the most vivid academic discussion revolves around the location of warehousing and transport activity within cities. Finally, the article highlights the lack of critical perspectives on logistics and socio-spatial conflicts generated by logistics extension in mainstream academic literature. The analysis concludes that socio-spatial disputes related to logistics remain understudied and, consequently, further research should be conducted on this field.

FORMATION OF A MODEL OF PERSONNEL POLICY IN THE SYSTEM OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN RUSSIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 109-113
Author(s):  
A. E. BIRYUKOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Personnel Policy ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Modern Russian

The article analyzes the problems that arise in the process of formation and development of personnel policy in modern Russian conditions on the basis of data from a sociological study on topical problems of public administration development in the Russian Federation. The article is devoted to the substantiation of the sociological analysis of the professionalization of the individual, the process of becoming a professional.

International Norms and Domestic Practices in Regard to ILO Convention No. 169 ‐ with Special Reference to Articles 1 and 13‐19

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Joona
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
World Politics ◽  
International Labour Organisation ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Domestic Practices ◽  
State Agents ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
International Conventions

AbstractInternational organizations are considered to be central actors on the stage of world politics. They are not simply passive collections of rules or structures through which others act. Rather, they are considered to be active agents of global change. International organizations are often the actors to whom we defer when it comes to defining meanings, norms of good behaviour, the nature of social actors, and categories of legitimate social action in the world. The article has an interdisciplinary approach to the International Labour Organisation (ILO) and its Convention No. 169 concerning Indigenous and Tribal Peoples in Independent countries. The approaches of international relations and international law helps explain the power the ILO exercises in national and world politics. These insights are illustrated by exploring why state agents comply with norms promoted by the regime of ILO Convention No. 169. The article briefly introduces the historical approach of the ILO to indigenous issues and the complexity related to the concept of indigenousness; the highly relevant debate when states are considering the ratification of the Convention and even when implementing it. The Committee of Experts on the Application of Conventions and Recommendations (CEACR) in the ILO structure is the most central body guiding the States to normative and political changes in their domestic practices. It is argued that the Committee is using its authority and power through the normative regime and its supervisory mechanisms, and therefore is also interpreting the Convention. The system as a whole has effects on traditional state sovereignty and the demands of indigenous peoples’ right to self-determination. The research questions focuses also on the compliance, implementation and effectiveness of international Conventions. The article has a Nordic approach with comparison to different approaches related to Article 1 dealing with the subjects/objects of the Convention and also different land right situations (Articles 13‐19) especially in Latin America.

scholarly journals A Research and Management Agenda for Chain and Network Science

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. (Onno) Omta ◽  
Jacques Trienekens ◽  
George Beers
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Network Science ◽  
Major Research ◽  
Management Implications ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Research Themes ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Research Questions

In the present editorial we address key issues and research questions in the field of chain and network science. Theoretical approaches discussed in this editorial include Network Theory, Supply Chain Management and Industrial Organisation Theory. Major research themes derived from these approaches are formulated in the conclusions. The editorial ends with the management implications of the different articles in this issue.

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