domestic practices
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Author(s):  
Anna Keune

AbstractFiber crafts, such as weaving and sewing, occupy a tension-filled space within computing. While associated with domestic practices, fiber crafts have been recognized as a precursor of the earliest computers and continue to present sources of computational inspiration. The connections between fiber crafts and computing have the potential to uncover possibilities for computing to become more diversified in terms of materials, cultural practices, and ultimately people. To explore the promises of fiber crafts for STEM education, this qualitative dissertation built on constructionist and posthumanist perspectives to examine two fiber crafts (i.e., weaving and fabric manipulation) as contexts for computer science learning. Collectively, the dissertation effectively aligned fiber crafts with computational concepts and showed their potential as a promising context for computer science learning. The work further showed that materials used for STEM learning are non-neutral. Materials matter in what can be learned computationally. Lastly, guided by posthumanist perspectives, the dissertation uncovered computational learning as the process of producing physical expansions and highlighted learning as the process of how computational concepts physically change. The work has implications for theorizing learning, designing for learning, and educational practice. For example, the dissertation presents the utility of posthumanist perspectives as an additional theoretical approach to the study of learning that can surface and help address ongoing relational deficit orientations.


Author(s):  
Natalia Horbal ◽  
◽  
Yaryna Krokhmalna ◽  

As of today, the principle of zero-waste production is not only a global trend, but also an effective mechanism for protecting and preserving the environment, as well as making fuller use of the resource potential of enterprises. The main idea of zero-waste manufacturing is the transformation of raw materials received by the enterprise, its residues, as well as waste obtained in the production process, into finished products that can generate income. In this regard, modern companies are making the transition from a linear to a circular economy in order to preserve the ecosystems of our planet. This transition is characterized by waste-free production as well as maximum use of raw materials and production capacity. Such an important step will not only save our planet and ultimately ourselves, but will also bring in the profits that companies simply lose by destroying waste. Ukraine lags far behind European countries in the field of waste management, and the volume of waste generated, the state of landfills and dumps indicate extreme risks to the environment and the population. Inefficient waste management in Ukraine is, in particular, a consequence of the existing linear economic model. Thus, the issue of developing zero-waste technologies and effective implementation of zero-waste manufacturing at Ukrainian enterprises, in particular with the involvement of European experience, becomes extremely important. Accordingly, the article analyzes the essence, key principles and principles of zero-waste manufacturing in the domestic and European areas in order to adopt the best experience of the EU, which is currently a leader in this aspect in the world. The key aspects, principles and features of zero-waste manufacturing were analyzed, as well as successful European and domestic practices of its application were demonstrated. These findings will be useful for individual domestic enterprises, industries, the country and civil society as a whole.


2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 448-462
Author(s):  
I. O. Samokhvalov ◽  
V. V. Glukhov ◽  
I. A. Babkin

Aim. The presented study aims to analyze the problems of identifying risks in infrastructure projects with state participation through the example of the Moscow – St. Petersburg high-speed railway construction project.Tasks. The authors find ways to identify potential risks at an early stage of the project, which should serve as a basis for building a risk management system that corresponds to common international and domestic practices.Methods. This study uses general scientific methods of cognition to examine the problems of identifying risks of infrastructure projects with state participation in various aspects. Results. As a result of the study, it is proposed to view the state as a single commissioner of infrastructure projects, regardless of whether they belong to various independent initiators, and to organize a centralized risk management committee in accordance with best international practices. This would provide a unified approach for the implementation of infrastructure projects and create a natural environment for the rapid exchange of information and experience, thus ensuring more effective management of subsequent projects.Conclusions. The authors focus on the simultaneous diversity and repeatability of risks arising during project implementation and conclude that it is necessary to establish centralized assessment of most risks with proper organization of management processes.


Author(s):  
Kate Galloway ◽  
Rachael Fuller

While many of our colleagues are avidly baking and feeding their newly acquired sourdough starters while sheltering in place during the COVID-19 pandemic, we are conducting ethnographic work with individuals who have embraced the stylistics and aesthetics of improvisation in acts of caring for, listening to, baking with, and recording their sourdough starters, as well as performing alongside their bread-kin. Imagine, in some instances, the multispecies improvisational style of David Rothenberg’s co-performance with birds, whales, and insects (Rothenberg 2017; 2016; 2002; Ryan 2020), but with wild yeast and freshly baked bread. In this article we ask: What is it about the conditions of sheltering in place, quarantine, and domestic isolation that fosters an experimental space for reconfiguring multispecies improvisation and performance to include our foodways? Why has baking, specifically bread (and sourdough), rather than other forms of domestic activity and craft fostered this specific sonic response during these pandemic times? How are participants sharing, scrolling through, and listening to these domestic performances across social media? What does the sonic register of these multimodal texts communicate to other socially distancing social media users? Through ethnographic fieldwork of performing with, listening to, musicalizing, and caring for sourdough starters, their “screaming yeast” (Roosth 2009), and the baked result, this article places improvisation studies, domestic practices, multispecies performance, gastromusicology, and pandemic spatial conditions in dialogue to address these questions.


2021 ◽  
pp. 177-207
Author(s):  
Lindsey Taylor-Guthartz

This chapter covers official domestic practices. Orthodox Judaism is firmly rooted in the world of everyday action: several central commandments and their halakhic elaboration include activities such as the preparation and consumption of food, the observance of the weekly sabbath and numerous festivals, dress, education, and the recital of blessings before and after eating and in other daily contexts. The home is explicitly designated as a sacred sphere, to a greater extent than in Christian and general British culture. The conception, nurturing, and education of children are often seen as central to the Jewish woman's role, even though no formal commandments are entailed. Most Orthodox women see their domestic role in very different, more nuanced, and complex terms, viewing it as central to their identity and to Jewish continuity, but not as the only sphere in which they should be active religiously. Many of them, particularly the Modern Orthodox, have indeed internalized feminist arguments and seek to extend their religious lives outside the boundaries of the home, and to take a more active religious role within it, but they all share the conviction that the creation of a Jewish home and the raising of children to be good human beings and faithful Jews is a task of vital importance.


Author(s):  
Zhi-Jiang Liu ◽  
Marina Galichkina ◽  
Anastasia Kurilova ◽  
Svetlana Vlasova

The study discusses the main positive aspects of the implementation of start-up projects at universities. In the context of the migration of most of the businesses to the network, the most important skill of an entrepreneur is the ability to build an online business from the very first steps. The basis for this is the creation a start-up in e-learning mode. A sample of domestic and foreign universities has been designed to compare new domestic practices with foreign experience of e-learning in entrepreneurship. It has been confirmed that the introduction of start-ups in e-learning mode in the final year of entrepreneurship education positively affects the development of professional qualities of students both in online and off-line business and helps to better consolidate the material. In addition, based on the work done, a final year model of entrepreneurship education with e-learning has been proposed; it is based on 3 main components (the student as a generator of ideas; the mentor as necessary support, and information online channels as the main source of information) and is aimed at solidifying knowledge through the start-up project defense. The importance of the role of universities in this process has been proved and the idea of involving a business mentor in e-learning process to achieve a synergistic effect has been considered.


2021 ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
С.В. Фирова

В настоящее время существуют различные модели и источники финансирования процесса реализации инновационных проектов. При этом выделить универсальные модели, методы и инструменты финансирования инновационной деятельности, эффективные для любых инновационных проектов, невозможно. Это обусловливает необходимость дополнительного исследования особенностей ресурсного обеспечения инновационно-инвестиционных проектов и направ­лений их развития. Статья посвящена анализу современных практик финансирования инновационно-инвестиционных проектов в контексте развития цифровой экономики. Цель исследования заключается в выявлении возможностей и направлений развития отечественных практик финансирования инновационных проектов с помощью различных механизмов ресурсного обеспечения, в том числе путем крауд-финансирования. В результате исследования выявлены основные направления развития системы финансирования инновационных проектов в РФ. Currently, there are various models and sources of funding for the implementation of innovative projects. At the same time, it is impossible to single out universal models, methods and instruments for financing innovative activities that are effective for any innovative projects. This necessitates an additional study of the features of resource provision for innovation and investment projects and the directions of their development. The article is devoted to the analysis of modern practices of financing innovation and investment projects in the context of the development of the digital economy. The purpose of the study is to identify opportunities and directions for the development of domestic practices of financing innovative projects using various mechanisms of resource provision, including through crowd funding. As a result, the research identified the main directions of development of the system of financing innovative projects in the Russian Federation.


2021 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 01027
Author(s):  
Svetlana Sergeeva ◽  
Olga Vagaeva ◽  
Yulia Dianova ◽  
Mikhail Denisov ◽  
Olga Voskrekasenko

The professionalism of a higher school teacher and the quality of their work largely determine the quality of training of future graduates who are ready for professional advancement in the context of the development of new high-tech technologies and the increasing demands of partners in the real sector of the economy. In this regard, the research aims to find ways and mechanisms to improve the professionalism of the teacher, their training, and retraining in contemporary educational practice. The article presents the research results obtained at the Department of Pedagogy and Psychology of Penza State Technical University (Penz STU) on the concerned problems. The novelty of the research lies in the effective ideas, approaches, and principles of constructive problem-solving in educational practice proposed based on the analysis of normative, historical, pedagogical, and scientific literature of foreign (Germany, Great Britain, and the USA) and domestic practices. It is shown that the studied and characterized models of improving the professionalism and training of academic staff in higher education, identified leading principles underlying the implementation of these models, and the relationships among the goals, results, and conditions of training and retraining of academic staff in the realities of today can be in demand and successfully implemented. As promising areas for improving the professionalism of a higher school teacher to effectively address issues of high-quality training of graduates, the authors offer to provide pedagogical support as the most productive technology to support a novice teacher during their professional adjustment, conducting monitoring of the effectiveness of teachers’ activities to improve the quality of their professionalism, and encouraging effective and efficient work, as well as providing social partnership and integration of all types of educational resources.


2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-31
Author(s):  
Yurii Skyba

The article presents the results of a study of domestic practices for recruiting vacant teacher positions in the context of university autonomy. After studying the practice of implementing personnel policy by leading domestic universities (Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, National Pedagogical Dragomanov University, National Aviation University and Sumy State University) 8 stages of employee selection procedures were specified. At different stages of the competitive selection in the studied universities, certain differences were revealed, namely, in the requirements for the scientific and pedagogical experience of applicants, the availability of publications in scientometric databases, the procedure for checking documents submitted for the competition, consideration of documents by the competition committee, the procedure for discussing candidates during a meeting of the structural unit. Based on a survey of teachers regarding the university's independent establishment of requirements for applicants for positions, it was found that the implementation of this tool of personnel autonomy was unavailable since about half of the respondents expressed warnings about the transparency and openness of its implementation in domestic universities.


2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 80-83
Author(s):  
С.Ю. Чимаров

The article presents a comparative analysis of foreign and domestic practices for regulating the rules of digital exchange of employees of internal affairs bodies on the basis of the current regulatory provisions that fix the limits of what is permitted. Revealing the commonality of conceptual approaches to assessing issues of digital vigilance, the author focuses on the importance of targeted educational work with each employee of the internal affairs bodies, in terms of fostering a conscious attitude to the process of self-regulation of their digital activity


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