scholarly journals Leukocyte Membrane-Coated Liquid Metal Nanoswimmers for Actively Targeted Delivery and Synergistic Chemophotothermal Therapy

Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daolin Wang ◽  
Changyong Gao ◽  
Chang Zhou ◽  
Zhihua Lin ◽  
Qiang He
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Cell Recognition ◽  
Motion Direction ◽  
Membrane Shell ◽  
Ultrasound Field ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
New Type ◽  
Membrane Coating

We report a leukocyte membrane-coated gallium nanoswimmer (LMGNS) capable of ultrasound-propelled motion, antibiofouling, and cancer cell recognition and targeting. The LMGNS consists of a needle-shaped gallium core encapsulating an anticancer drug and a natural leukocyte membrane shell. Under the propulsion of an ultrasound field, LMGNSs could autonomously move in biological media with a speed up to 108.7 μm s−1. The velocity and motion direction of the LMGNSs can be modulated by regulating the frequency and voltage of the applied ultrasound field. Owing to the leukocyte membrane coating, LMGNSs can not only avoid biofouling during the motion in blood but also possess cancer cell recognition capability. These LMGNSs could actively seek, penetrate, and internalize into the cancer cells and achieve enhanced anticancer efficiency by combined photothermal and chemical therapy. Such biofunctionalized liquid metal nanoswimmer presents a new type of multifunctional platform for biomedical applications.

Introducing Multimodal Sliding Index: Qualitative Feedback, Perceived Workload, and Driving Performance with an Auditory Enhanced Menu Navigation Method

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruta R. Sardesai ◽  
Thomas M. Gable ◽  
Bruce N. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Device ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Audio Cues ◽  
Qualitative Feedback ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Driving Task ◽  
Perceived Workload ◽  
New Type ◽  
Navigation Method

Using auditory menus on a mobile device has been studied in depth with standard flicking, as well as wheeling and tapping interactions. Here, we introduce and evaluate a new type of interaction with auditory menus, intended to speed up movement through a list. This multimodal “sliding index” was compared to use of the standard flicking interaction on a phone, while the user was also engaged in a driving task. The sliding index was found to require less mental workload than flicking. What’s more, the way participants used the sliding index technique modulated their preferences, including their reactions to the presence of audio cues. Follow-on work should study how sliding index use evolves with practice.

scholarly journals Super Magnetic Niosomal Nanocarrier as a New Approach for Treatment of Breast Cancer: A Case Study on SK-BR-3 and MDA-MB-231 Cell Lines

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 7948
Author(s):  
Elham Jamshidifar ◽  
Faten Eshrati Yeganeh ◽  
Mona Shayan ◽  
Mohammad Tavakkoli Yaraki ◽  
Mahsa Bourbour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Silica Layer

In the present study, a magnetic niosomal nanocarrier for co-delivery of curcumin and letrozole into breast cancer cells has been designed. The magnetic NiCoFe2O4 core was coated by a thin layer of silica, followed by a niosomal structure, allowing us to load letrozole and curcumin into the silica layer and niosomal layer, respectively, and investigate their synergic effects on breast cancer cells. Furthermore, the nanocarriers demonstrated a pH-dependent release due to the niosomal structure at their outer layer, which is a promising behavior for cancer treatment. Additionally, cellular assays revealed that the nanocarriers had low cellular uptake in the case of non-tumorigenic cells (i.e., MCF-10A) and related high viability but high cellular uptake in cancer cell lines (i.e., MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR-3) and related low viability, which is evidenced in their high cytotoxicity against different breast cancer cell lines. The cytotoxicity of the letrozole/curcumin co-loaded nanocarrier is higher than that of the aqueous solutions of both drugs, indicating their enhanced cellular uptake in their encapsulated states. In particular, NiCoFe2O4@L-Silica-L@C-Niosome showed the highest cytotoxicity effects on MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR-3 breast cancer cells. The observed cytotoxicity was due to regulation of the expression levels of the studied genes in breast cancer cells, where downregulation was observed for the Bcl-2, MMP 2, MMP 9, cyclin D, and cyclin E genes while upregulation of the expression of the Bax, caspase-3, and caspase-9 genes was observed. The flow cytometry results also revealed that NiCoFe2O4@L-Silica-L@C-Niosome enhanced the apoptosis rate in both MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR-3 cells compared to the control samples. The findings of our research show the potential of designing magnetic niosomal formulations for simultaneous targeted delivery of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs into cancer cells in order to enhance their synergic chemotherapeutic effects. These results could open new avenues into the future of nanomedicine and the development of theranostic agents.

scholarly journals Modified Gold Nanoparticles for Efficient Delivery of Betulinic Acid to Cancer Cell Mitochondria

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5072
Author(s):  
Olakunle Oladimeji ◽  
Jude Akinyelu ◽  
Aliscia Daniels ◽  
Moganavelli Singh
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Betulinic Acid ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
High Amplitude ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Mitochondrial Targeting ◽  
The Impact

Advances in nanomedicine have seen the adaptation of nanoparticles (NPs) for subcellular delivery for enhanced therapeutic impact and reduced side effects. The pivotal role of the mitochondria in apoptosis and their potential as a target in cancers enables selective induction of cancer cell death. In this study, we examined the mitochondrial targeted delivery of betulinic acid (BA) by the mitochondriotropic TPP+-functionalized epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)-capped gold NPs (AuNPs), comparing the impact of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and poly-L-lysine-graft-polyethylene glycol (PLL-g-PEG) copolymer on delivery efficacy. This included the assessment of their cellular uptake, mitochondrial localization and efficacy as therapeutic delivery platforms for BA in the human Caco-2, HeLa and MCF-7 cancer cell lines. These mitochondrial-targeted nanocomplexes demonstrated significant inhibition of cancer cell growth, with targeted nanocomplexes recording IC50 values in the range of 3.12–13.2 µM compared to that of the free BA (9.74–36.31 µM) in vitro, demonstrating the merit of mitochondrial targeting. Their mechanisms of action implicated high amplitude mitochondrial depolarization, caspases 3/7 activation, with an associated arrest at the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. This nano-delivery system is a potentially viable platform for mitochondrial-targeted delivery of BA and highlights mitochondrial targeting as an option in cancer therapy.

scholarly journals Virotherapy in Germany—Recent Activities in Virus Engineering, Preclinical Development, and Clinical Studies

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1420
Author(s):  
Dirk M. Nettelbeck ◽  
Mathias F. Leber ◽  
Jennifer Altomonte ◽  
Assia Angelova ◽  
Julia Beil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Viral Vector ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Therapeutic Proteins ◽  
Cancer Therapeutics ◽  
Cell Killing ◽  
Oncolytic Viruses ◽  
Preclinical Research ◽  
Research Activities

Virotherapy research involves the development, exploration, and application of oncolytic viruses that combine direct killing of cancer cells by viral infection, replication, and spread (oncolysis) with indirect killing by induction of anti-tumor immune responses. Oncolytic viruses can also be engineered to genetically deliver therapeutic proteins for direct or indirect cancer cell killing. In this review—as part of the special edition on “State-of-the-Art Viral Vector Gene Therapy in Germany”—the German community of virotherapists provides an overview of their recent research activities that cover endeavors from screening and engineering viruses as oncolytic cancer therapeutics to their clinical translation in investigator-initiated and sponsored multi-center trials. Preclinical research explores multiple viral platforms, including new isolates, serotypes, or fitness mutants, and pursues unique approaches to engineer them towards increased safety, shielded or targeted delivery, selective or enhanced replication, improved immune activation, delivery of therapeutic proteins or RNA, and redirecting antiviral immunity for cancer cell killing. Moreover, several oncolytic virus-based combination therapies are under investigation. Clinical trials in Germany explore the safety and potency of virotherapeutics based on parvo-, vaccinia, herpes, measles, reo-, adeno-, vesicular stomatitis, and coxsackie viruses, including viruses encoding therapeutic proteins or combinations with immune checkpoint inhibitors. These research advances represent exciting vantage points for future endeavors of the German virotherapy community collectively aimed at the implementation of effective virotherapeutics in clinical oncology.

scholarly journals Study on mechanical properties of a new type of prefabricated GRC mold shell

2019 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 02030
Author(s):  
Chen Dong ◽  
Chen Ming ◽  
Cai Ouyang ◽  
Li Pengkun
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Stress System ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Floor Space ◽  
Section Size ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
New Type ◽  
Prefabricated Building

The GRC formwork structural column adopts the factory-based vertical prefabrication production process, which can reduce the floor space, reduce the formwork loss, speed up the construction progress, promote the full decoration of the prefabricated building, and improve the efficiency of the assembly construction. major. In order to optimize the production process of prefabricated GRC formwork column, the overall stress system of GRC formwork structure is analyzed in the concrete pouring process, and the thickness of GRC formwork, the number of steel hoops and the GRC mode are considered. The influence of the shell cross-section size on the mechanical properties. The research results can provide reference for the optimization and design of prefabricated GRC formwork column production process.

Cancer cell recognition by a Cys-reactive turn-on significant enhanced fluorescent emission targeting biotin receptors

2020 ◽  
Vol 304 ◽  
pp. 127431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueying Pei ◽  
Fangjun Huo ◽  
Yongkang Yue ◽  
Tinggui Chen ◽  
Caixia Yin
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cell Recognition ◽  
Fluorescent Emission ◽  
Turn On

scholarly journals NGR (Asn-Gly-Arg)-targeted delivery of coagulase to tumor vasculature arrests cancer cell growth

Oncogene ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (29) ◽  
pp. 3967-3980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Seidi ◽  
Rana Jahanban-Esfahlan ◽  
Hassan Monhemi ◽  
Peyman Zare ◽  
Babak Minofar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Tumor Vasculature ◽  
Cancer Cell Growth

An evaluation of solvent effects and ethanol oxidation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhan Mei ◽  
Nathaniel Deskins
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Solvent Effects ◽  
Ethanol Oxidation ◽  
Surface Reactions ◽  
Reaction Pathways ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Metal Interfaces ◽  
Favorable Reaction

Understanding liquid-metal interfaces in catalysis is important, as the liquid can speed up surface reactions, increase the selectivity of products, and open up new favorable reaction pathways. In this work...

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