scholarly journals THEORETICAL STUDY OF THE KINEMATIC AND DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE AUGER WORKING BODY OF A FOREST FIRE GROUND-THROWING MACHINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-151
Author(s):  
Petr Popikov ◽  
Anton Pozdnyakov ◽  
Vladimir Uskov ◽  
Mikhail Lysych ◽  
Maksim Gnusov
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fire ◽  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Original System ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Operator Coefficient ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Working Bodies

The paper presents the results of studies of the working processes of screw working bodies in various industries. Studies of the technological parameters of screw working bodies during the removal of the ground cover with combustible plant residues have been insufficiently carried out. A new design of a forest fire machine is proposed, including screw working bodies for removing the ground cover with combustible plant residues, cut-out discs, for the formation of a soil shaft in front of the rotor-thrower, with an adjustable guide casing with the ability to change the directional flow of soil. Working bodies of the forest fire soil-throwing machine are described by a system of differential equations of the translational, rotational movements of the auger working body and the equation of the flow rates of the working fluid. The Cauchy problem is considered on the interval t∈ (t_0; t_end). Original system is reduced to a system of recurrence relations due to its nonlinearity, replacing the derivatives of the desired functions with their finite analogs. This system is unresolved with respect to the senior member. One can apply the method of splitting the system into systems in subspaces of decreasing dimensions and solve the system in these subspaces due to the Fredholm property of the operator coefficient in front of the leading term. The analytical solution of the mathematical model for removing the ground cover by auger working bodies of a forest fire soil-throwing machine when laying fire strips and extinguishing grassland forest fires makes it possible to determine the kinematic and dynamic parameters of the auger working bodies using the final formulas. Simulation modeling of the screw working process was carried out on a virtual laboratory bench. The dependences of the dynamic characteristics of the auger working bodies when overcoming obstacles have been obtained. It was found that the maximum average value of the torque is observed when overcoming an obstacle with a height of 100 mm and the rotation speed of the working body of 400 rpm is 1468.49 N ∙ m, at which its performance is not impaired.

scholarly journals MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE INTERACTION OF THE SCREW WORKING BODIES OF FOREST FIRE GROUND-THROWING MACHINES WITH THE GROUND COVER

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-171
Author(s):  
Petr Popikov ◽  
Anton Pozdnyakov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Hydraulic Drive ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Forest Litter ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Hydraulic Motor ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Fire Ground

The paper provides an overview of research on the working processes of screw working bodies of technological machines. It is noted that at present such important issues in the theory of auger working bodies as the required number of auger turns, the required position of the auger spiral in relation to the center, etc. have not been fully resolved, since the solution of these issues can provide an increased productivity of the tool. A structural and technological scheme of a forest fire machine with multifunctional modules is proposed, which consists of auger working bodies, which can be changed modularly with a screw metal thread for a brush, depending on the area and type of soil, the rotor of the thrower, with the ability to drive the cutters-throwers and auger working bodies both from the power take-off shaft of the tractor, and using a hydraulic motor, a guide casing. A mathematical model of an auger working body with a hydraulic drive has been compiled for removing the ground cover with forest litter when extinguishing forest fires with a ground gun, so that combustible materials do not fall into the fire zone together with the soil flow from the rotor-thrower. The working process of the hydraulic drive of the auger working bodies of a forest fire ground-sweeping machine is described by a system of differential equations, including the equations of translational and rotational movements of the auger working body and the equation of the flow rate of the working fluid. The problem of optimization of kinematic and dynamic parameters of auger working bodies of forest fire ground-sweeping machine is set

scholarly journals Mathematical Model of Forest Fire Soil-thrower Movement

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Dornyak ◽  
Ivan Bartenev ◽  
Mikhail Drapalyuk ◽  
Dmitry Stupnikov ◽  
Sergey Malyukov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Translational Motion ◽  
Steady Motion ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Lagrange Equations ◽  
Milling Tool ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The design of a forest fire soil-thrower made to prevent and eliminate ground forest fires is presented. A mathematical model of machine movement has been developed, which enables to study the laws of the interaction process of the design with the soil. It is accepted that the machine has two degrees of freedom. The mathematical model has been obtained using the Lagrange equations of the second kind. The design and technological parameters of the forest fire soil-throwing machine, affecting the efficiency of its work, including mass and width of the grip of the ripper casing, mass, radius and frequency of rotation of the milling tool, the number and geometric parameters of the blades are taken into account. Mathematical model enables to determine the effect of these parameters on the characteristics of the movement of ripper casing and milling working body. A mathematical model is needed to synchronize the translational motion of the unit and the rotational motion of the rotor. Formulas have been obtained for the steady motion of the forest fire soil-thrower, that determine the hauling power of tractor and torque that ensures the operation of milling tools.

scholarly journals THEORETICAL RESEARCH OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE CUTTER ON THE PROCESS OF GRINDING VEGETABLE RESIDUES OF THICK-STEM CROPS BY PROCESSING BANDS

2020 ◽  
pp. 113-123
Author(s):  
M.M. Korchak ◽  
T.V. Dudchak ◽  
D.V. Vilchynska
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Rotation Frequency ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Working Bodies

Theoretical studies of the milling tillage working body, in particular, dynamic properties under conditions of periodic external load, are substantiated and the main technological parameters are substantiated, and energy performance indicators are analyzed. The following data were adopted as the initial data for theoretical studies of the milling working body: the size of the row-spacing and strips, the dimensional characteristics of the root and stem residues. Theoretical studies of the milling machine gave such justified results: the diameter of the milling drum Dfr.bar = 0.3 m, the rotation frequency of the milling drum nfr.bar = 190 ... 430 hv-1, the number of installed knives on one disk n = 4 pcs, the rotating speed Vob = 6.59 m/s. Rational parameters and operating modes are justified: milling power Nfr = 19.3 kW, torque on the milling drum shaft Mkr = 0.45 kN·m. Theoretically substantiated milling working body is implemented in the development of a combined grinder of plant residues of thick-stem crops. The investigated working body, which performs the technological process of grinding compacted plant residues of thick-stemmed crops with the proposed technology, will allow us to further substantiate in more detail the mathematical model of the combined method of processing the field clogged with plant residues and determine the structural and technological structure of the grinder. The further development of the theoretical foundations of grinding plant residues and soil, in particular milling working bodies used in combined units, has been obtained

scholarly journals Research of influence of constructive and technological parameters of developed variants of screws with screw working bodies rabbit

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
M. B. Klendii ◽  
◽  
M. I. Klendii ◽  
R. V. Shatrov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Angle Of Attack ◽  
Response Surfaces ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Step Size ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Experimental Researches

The purpose of the study is to establish the influence of design and technological parameters of the developed variants of the harrow with screw working bodies on the efficiency of earning plant residues. The object of research is the technological process of tillage with a harrow with screw working bodies. The subject of the study is the patterns of the process of earning crop residues depending on the change in the angle of attack of the working body, the step size of the screw working body and the depth of tillage On the basis of the complex of experimental researches the regression dependences for definition of percent of the area of a surface of a field with full earning of the vegetative rests by a harrow with screw working bodies are deduced. The response surfaces of the percentage of the surface area of the field with the full earning of crop residues ξ during tillage with a harrow with screw working bodies are constructed. It is established that the dominant influence on the percentage of the field surface area with full earnings of crop residues ξ has the depth of tillage h, then the angle of attack β of the battery of screw working bodies and the least affected step size of the screw working body T.

scholarly journals JUSTIFICATION OF PARAMETERS OF AUGER WORKING BODIES FOREST FIRE PROOFING MACHINES

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
P. Popikov ◽  
Anton Pozdnyakov ◽  
Sergey Malyukov
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fire ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Forest Litter ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Working Process ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Large Power ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Financial Base

The paper provides an overview of the research of the working processes of the screw working bodies of technological machines. It is shown that at present such an issue in the theory of auger working bodies as the number of auger turns is necessary, what position of the auger spiral should be in relation to the center, etc. is not completely solved, the solution of these issues can provide increased productivity. In modern conditions, caused by global climatic changes in the world, the requirements for the conditions for the protection of forest zones have increased, which makes it necessary to increase funds for fighting fire in forests and increase the raw material and financial base of specialized forest protection services, which is due to the constant search for new and improvement of old methods of forest fire elimination. Special ground-throwing machines have the greatest efficiency, but they do not have working equipment for pushing combustible materials in the form of a ground cover, dead wood, and felling residues. For these purposes, in our opinion, the most suitable auger working bodies installed in front of the rotor-throwers. Modeling of the working process of screw working bodies is based on the particle dynamics method. In the process of modeling, the forest litter is made in the form of a set (about 5000) spherical elements in diameter, which interact with each other and with the working surfaces of the auger working bodies. The working surfaces of the screw drum are represented from the lateral surface of the cylinder, modeled as a separate geometric figure, and 200 triangles forming a helical surface. It was found that the optimal cutting depth is 8-10 cm, at which the auger almost completely cleans the working strip from the soil layer, but at the same time is not too deeply buried to cause large power losses. The identified main parameters of the auger working bodies will be used to create an effective forest fire ground-throwing machine.

Research on Detection Techniques of Early Forest Fire Based on Dynamic Characteristics of Smoke

2013 ◽  
Vol 340 ◽  
pp. 431-435
Author(s):  
Hong Lin ◽  
Zhen Ping Qiang ◽  
Guang Zhi Di ◽  
Zhi Gang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fire ◽  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Fire Detection ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Dynamic Feature ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Detection Techniques

The forest fire has been threatening the forest ecosystem and has brought huge economic losses to humans. Traditional fire detection systems use ion-optical smoking type and other physical or chemical means to discover a fire, which is not suitable for outdoor forest fires with long-distance and large-area characteristics. This paper presents the early fire detection algorithm based on smoke dynamic characteristics and its main part includes smoke color model, dynamic feature extraction and fire area connected component analysis. Through standard video database performance testing and compared to the algorithm and the traditional fire detection method, we can achieve early warning of a fire and can effectively reduce false and negative rate of fire monitoring system.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF WORKING BODIES OF EQUIPMENT EXTINGUISHING FOREST FIRES

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-122
Author(s):  
Anton Pozdnyakov ◽  
Ivan Bartenev
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Loose Soil ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Milling Tools

Currently, the machines are energy-intensive and inefficient, since the tools are mounted on tractors with a creeper reducer, and the cutters have to work in the conditions of the sodden upper soil layers, which significantly reduces the quality and productivity of the process. This served as an impetus for the creation of new technical tools that would combine the best qualities of plows and milling tools, expand the range of possible applications, but at the same time were devoid of their shortcomings. So there appeared tools with combined working bodies, for example, a strip thrower, developed on the basis of the G.F. Morozova. However, these developments also do not completely solve the problems of the efficiency and quality of preventive and forest fire operations, since the working bodies of milling, although working on a loose soil-soil shaft, are still not protected from roots and stumps, they have a large mass and dimensions due to a combination of two types working bodies in one design. A comparative analysis of technical means and experimental studies of a prototype forest fire soil-throwing machine with a combined working body was carried out.

scholarly journals A Collaborative Region Detection and Grading Framework for Forest Fire Smoke Using Weakly Supervised Fine Segmentation and Lightweight Faster-RCNN

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 768
Author(s):  
Jin Pan ◽  
Xiaoming Ou ◽  
Liang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fire ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Fire Detection ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Region Detection ◽  
Decision Network ◽  
Fire Smoke ◽  
Weakly Supervised

Forest fires are serious disasters that affect countries all over the world. With the progress of image processing, numerous image-based surveillance systems for fires have been installed in forests. The rapid and accurate detection and grading of fire smoke can provide useful information, which helps humans to quickly control and reduce forest losses. Currently, convolutional neural networks (CNN) have yielded excellent performance in image recognition. Previous studies mostly paid attention to CNN-based image classification for fire detection. However, the research of CNN-based region detection and grading of fire is extremely scarce due to a challenging task which locates and segments fire regions using image-level annotations instead of inaccessible pixel-level labels. This paper presents a novel collaborative region detection and grading framework for fire smoke using a weakly supervised fine segmentation and a lightweight Faster R-CNN. The multi-task framework can simultaneously implement the early-stage alarm, region detection, classification, and grading of fire smoke. To provide an accurate segmentation on image-level, we propose the weakly supervised fine segmentation method, which consists of a segmentation network and a decision network. We aggregate image-level information, instead of expensive pixel-level labels, from all training images into the segmentation network, which simultaneously locates and segments fire smoke regions. To train the segmentation network using only image-level annotations, we propose a two-stage weakly supervised learning strategy, in which a novel weakly supervised loss is proposed to roughly detect the region of fire smoke, and a new region-refining segmentation algorithm is further used to accurately identify this region. The decision network incorporating a residual spatial attention module is utilized to predict the category of forest fire smoke. To reduce the complexity of the Faster R-CNN, we first introduced a knowledge distillation technique to compress the structure of this model. To grade forest fire smoke, we used a 3-input/1-output fuzzy system to evaluate the severity level. We evaluated the proposed approach using a developed fire smoke dataset, which included five different scenes varying by the fire smoke level. The proposed method exhibited competitive performance compared to state-of-the-art methods.

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