scholarly journals Research of influence of constructive and technological parameters of developed variants of screws with screw working bodies rabbit

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
M. B. Klendii ◽  
◽  
M. I. Klendii ◽  
R. V. Shatrov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Angle Of Attack ◽  
Response Surfaces ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Step Size ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Experimental Researches

The purpose of the study is to establish the influence of design and technological parameters of the developed variants of the harrow with screw working bodies on the efficiency of earning plant residues. The object of research is the technological process of tillage with a harrow with screw working bodies. The subject of the study is the patterns of the process of earning crop residues depending on the change in the angle of attack of the working body, the step size of the screw working body and the depth of tillage On the basis of the complex of experimental researches the regression dependences for definition of percent of the area of a surface of a field with full earning of the vegetative rests by a harrow with screw working bodies are deduced. The response surfaces of the percentage of the surface area of the field with the full earning of crop residues ξ during tillage with a harrow with screw working bodies are constructed. It is established that the dominant influence on the percentage of the field surface area with full earnings of crop residues ξ has the depth of tillage h, then the angle of attack β of the battery of screw working bodies and the least affected step size of the screw working body T.

scholarly journals THEORETICAL RESEARCH OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE CUTTER ON THE PROCESS OF GRINDING VEGETABLE RESIDUES OF THICK-STEM CROPS BY PROCESSING BANDS

2020 ◽  
pp. 113-123
Author(s):  
M.M. Korchak ◽  
T.V. Dudchak ◽  
D.V. Vilchynska
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Rotation Frequency ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Working Bodies

Theoretical studies of the milling tillage working body, in particular, dynamic properties under conditions of periodic external load, are substantiated and the main technological parameters are substantiated, and energy performance indicators are analyzed. The following data were adopted as the initial data for theoretical studies of the milling working body: the size of the row-spacing and strips, the dimensional characteristics of the root and stem residues. Theoretical studies of the milling machine gave such justified results: the diameter of the milling drum Dfr.bar = 0.3 m, the rotation frequency of the milling drum nfr.bar = 190 ... 430 hv-1, the number of installed knives on one disk n = 4 pcs, the rotating speed Vob = 6.59 m/s. Rational parameters and operating modes are justified: milling power Nfr = 19.3 kW, torque on the milling drum shaft Mkr = 0.45 kN·m. Theoretically substantiated milling working body is implemented in the development of a combined grinder of plant residues of thick-stem crops. The investigated working body, which performs the technological process of grinding compacted plant residues of thick-stemmed crops with the proposed technology, will allow us to further substantiate in more detail the mathematical model of the combined method of processing the field clogged with plant residues and determine the structural and technological structure of the grinder. The further development of the theoretical foundations of grinding plant residues and soil, in particular milling working bodies used in combined units, has been obtained

scholarly journals Artificial Soil Environment Justification for Laboratory Studies of Wear and Traction Characteristics of Soil-Cutting Working Bodies

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
I. V. Liskin ◽  
A. V. Mironova
Keyword(s):  
Crop Residues ◽  
Artificial Soil ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Fallow Lands ◽  
Soil Cutting ◽  
Working Bodies

The authors presented the results of laboratory studies of artificial soil based on sand-paraffin mixtures, reflecting the physical and mechanical soil properties with the presence of plant residues. They conducted tests to determine the soil-cutting working bodies’ traction resistance during tillage with the presence of root and crop residues.(Research purpose) To substantiate the parameters of an artificial soil environment containing models of root and crop residues for laboratory studies of the wear and traction characteristics of soil-cutting working bodies operated on post-harvest, virgin and fallow farmland.(Materials and methods) An artificial soil environment was developed by introducing filamentous components 5-25 millimeters long into its composition.(Results and discussion) The authors determined the criteria of geometric similarity “model – nature” for the soil conditions of the Non-Black Earth Zone of Russia. It was found that the equality of the criteria “model – nature” for laboratory research of fallow lands occurred when the length of the  filamentous components was from 20 mm and the concentration was from 20 segments per unit cross-sectional area when passing 0.1 meter in artificial soil. It was revealed that for modeling old arable lands, the length of the filamentous components should exceed 5 millimeters, the concentration should be from 10 segments per 0.1 meter of the length of passage in artificial soil. The authors conducted field tests of arable units on fallow and old arable lands.(Conclusions) The authors found out that the equality of the geometric criteria for the similarity of the artificial soil environment and real soil conditions allowed laboratory studies of the wear and traction characteristics of the tillage working bodies’ blades. It was determined that more than 30 percent of energy costs were accounted for by breaking the root system of the vegetation cover on virgin and fallow lands.

scholarly journals Justification of the operating modes of the needle disk of a new design

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
A.N. Shmidt ◽  
◽  
A.A. Kem ◽  
M.S. Chekusov ◽  
D.E. Kuz'min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Residues ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Angle Of Attack ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Soil Cultivation ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Working Bodies

The preservation and accumulation of productive soil moisture in areas with insufficient moisture and subject to wind erosion does not lose its relevance. Known disc needle-like working bodies of rotary harrows, intended for surface treatment on stubble backgrounds, are mainly aimed at loos-ening the upper soil layer. An incorrectly selected mode of using existing needle harrows is danger-ous by excessive spraying and drying out of the surface of fertile soil. In this regard, there was pro-posed a new technical solution for a needle disk with a changing shape of needles, which makes it possible to loosen the top layer of soil from making holes on the surface of the field. A tillage tool with needle discs consists of a hub with needles fixed on it. The disc is installed afrontal, each nee-dle is made of a variable shape, the first half made from the base of the needle is square, and the second half is pyramidal with a top at the end of the needle. The use of such needle discs with nee-dles, which more easily penetrate the soil make it possible to efficiently chop up crop residues and loosen the soil, which improves the quality of soil cultivation. The tests of the new needle disk against the background of perennial grasses made it possible to substantiate the main operating pa-rameters of the new working body. For sandy loam soil with a hardness of 14.5 kPa with an ag-rophone of perennial grasses, such as awnless rump and alfalfa, it was found that the maximum pa-rameter for moisture accumulation will be achieved at a speed of 7 km / h with an angle of attack equal to 0 °, and loosening at a speed of 9 km / h with an angle of attack of 16 °. A rational parame-ter, at which not only moisture accumulation occurs, but also high-quality soil cultivation, is achieved when the angle of attack is set to 4 ° and the speed of the unit is 7 km / h.

scholarly journals THEORETICAL STUDY OF THE KINEMATIC AND DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE AUGER WORKING BODY OF A FOREST FIRE GROUND-THROWING MACHINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-151
Author(s):  
Petr Popikov ◽  
Anton Pozdnyakov ◽  
Vladimir Uskov ◽  
Mikhail Lysych ◽  
Maksim Gnusov
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fire ◽  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Original System ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Operator Coefficient ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Working Bodies

The paper presents the results of studies of the working processes of screw working bodies in various industries. Studies of the technological parameters of screw working bodies during the removal of the ground cover with combustible plant residues have been insufficiently carried out. A new design of a forest fire machine is proposed, including screw working bodies for removing the ground cover with combustible plant residues, cut-out discs, for the formation of a soil shaft in front of the rotor-thrower, with an adjustable guide casing with the ability to change the directional flow of soil. Working bodies of the forest fire soil-throwing machine are described by a system of differential equations of the translational, rotational movements of the auger working body and the equation of the flow rates of the working fluid. The Cauchy problem is considered on the interval t∈ (t_0; t_end). Original system is reduced to a system of recurrence relations due to its nonlinearity, replacing the derivatives of the desired functions with their finite analogs. This system is unresolved with respect to the senior member. One can apply the method of splitting the system into systems in subspaces of decreasing dimensions and solve the system in these subspaces due to the Fredholm property of the operator coefficient in front of the leading term. The analytical solution of the mathematical model for removing the ground cover by auger working bodies of a forest fire soil-throwing machine when laying fire strips and extinguishing grassland forest fires makes it possible to determine the kinematic and dynamic parameters of the auger working bodies using the final formulas. Simulation modeling of the screw working process was carried out on a virtual laboratory bench. The dependences of the dynamic characteristics of the auger working bodies when overcoming obstacles have been obtained. It was found that the maximum average value of the torque is observed when overcoming an obstacle with a height of 100 mm and the rotation speed of the working body of 400 rpm is 1468.49 N ∙ m, at which its performance is not impaired.

Research of hydrodynamic interaction of a water containing shutter with flexible working bodies with a stream

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Mukaddas-Gauhar Kadyrova
Keyword(s):  
Hydrodynamic Interaction ◽  
Hydrodynamic Pressure ◽  
Experimental Installation ◽  
Flexible Working ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Experimental Researches ◽  
Water Drain

In article models are described experimental installation, the technique of carrying out and results of experimental researches of hydrodynamic interaction of a water containing shutter with flexible working bodies and a water drain part of unvaquum profile with a stream, are resulted the curve dependences received for definition of hydrodynamic pressure and co-ordinates of the centres of hydrodynamic pressure, a shutter operating on a water drain part, conclusions and the conclusion

scholarly journals Determination of the rational rotation speed of the intensive separation zone rotors of a rotary potato digger

2019 ◽  
pp. 96-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gennadiy Sergeevich Nikitin ◽  
Viktor Mikhailovich Alakin ◽  
Sergey Aleksandrovich Plahov
Keyword(s):  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Separation Zone ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Main Design ◽  
Design Characteristics ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Experimental Researches

Research and experimental results of a potato digger with a rotary separating web are published in this article. The main design characteristics of the rotors are justified by analysis of existing constructions and their working processes. Special attention is paid to definition of rotational speed of the rotors of the rotary separation web. Theoretical researches have determined that potato layer moves steadily while rotational speed of rotary working bodies equals 230 rpm. Results of experimental researches demonstrate that the rotary separation web removes 89,7% impurities while rotational speed of rotary working bodies equals 242 rpm.

scholarly journals The Effect of Different Soil Tillage Systems and Crop Residues on the Composition of Weed Communities

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1276
Author(s):  
Vaida Steponavičienė ◽  
Aušra Marcinkevičienė ◽  
Lina Marija Butkevičienė ◽  
Lina Skinulienė ◽  
Vaclovas Bogužas
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Weed Communities

The composition of weed communities in agricultural crops is dependent on soil properties and the applied agronomic practices. The current study determined the effect of different tillage systems and crop residue on the soil weed community composition. The research programme encompassed 2013–2015 in a long-term field experiment located in the Experimental Station of Vytautas Magnus University in Lithuania. The soil type in the experimental field was qualified as Endocalcaric Stagnosol (Aric, Drainic, Ruptic, Amphisiltic). Weeds were categorised into communities according to soil pH, nitrogen and moisture indicators. The results of investigations were grouped using cluster analysis. Agricultural crops were dominated by different weed species depending on the soil pH and moisture. Weed species were relatively more frequent indicating nitrogen-rich and very nitrogen-rich soils. In the reduced tillage and no-tillage systems, an increase in the abundance of weed species indicating moderate acidity and low acidity, moderately wet and wet, nitrogen-rich and very nitrogen-rich soils was observed. The application of plant residues decreased the weed species abundance. In the reduced tillage and no-tillage systems, the quantitative distribution of weed was often uneven. By evaluating the association of weed communities with groups of different tillage systems with or without plant residues, their control can be optimised.

scholarly journals Results of Laboratory Studies of the Automated Sorting System for Root and Onion Crops

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1257
Author(s):  
Alexey Dorokhov ◽  
Alexander Aksenov ◽  
Alexey Sibirev ◽  
Nikolay Sazonov ◽  
Maxim Mosyakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Automatic Control ◽  
Automatic Control System ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Manual Sorting ◽  
Sorting System ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Automatic Removal

The roller and sieve machines most commonly used in Russia for the post-harvest processing of root and tuber crops and onions have a number of disadvantages, the main one being a decrease in the quality of sorting due to the contamination of working bodies, which increases the quantity of losses during sorting and storage. To obtain high-quality competitive production, it is necessary to combine a number of technological operations during the sorting process, such as dividing the material into classes and fractions by quality and size, as well as identifying and removing damaged products. In order to improve the quality of sorting of root tubers and onions by size, it is necessary to ensure the development of an automatic control system for operating and technological parameters, the use of which will eliminate manual sorting on bulkhead tables in post-harvest processing. To fulfill these conditions, the developed automatic control system must have the ability to identify the material on the sorting surface, taking into account external damage and ensuring the automatic removal of impurities. In this study, the highest sorting accuracy of tubers (of more than 91%) was achieved with a forward speed of 1.2 m/s for the conveyor of the sorting table, with damage to 2.2% of the tubers, which meets the agrotechnical requirements for post-harvest processing. This feature distinguishes the developed device from similar ones.

scholarly journals Substantiation of technical and operational characteristics of the device to sort corn cobs

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00094
Author(s):  
Dmitry N. Byshov ◽  
Irina A. Petunina ◽  
Elena A. Kotelevskaya ◽  
Sergey N. Borychev ◽  
Georgy K. Rembalovich
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Corn Cobs ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
Treated Plant ◽  
Working Bodies

The paper presents a method to substantiate the technical and technological parameters of the device to sort corn cobs, which takes into account the biometric and physical-mechanical properties of the treated plant objects. The method of basic parameters substantiation involves determining the overall dimensions of the device, the geometric and technological parameters of the working bodies, as well as the energy for operation.

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