CHARACTERISTICS OF THE COORDINATED MOTOR RESPONSE AND VOLUNTARY SHIFT OF THE CENTER OF GRAVITY IN WOMEN AGED 85-95

2021 ◽  
pp. 592-598
Author(s):  
А.В. Дёмин ◽  
А.Н. Ильницкий
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Motor Response ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Center Of Gravity ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Control Test ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Weight Shift

Цель работы - установить возрастные особенности скоординированных моторных реакций и целенаправленного движения центра тяжести (ЦТ) у женщин 85-95 лет. Были обследованы 68 женщин 85-95 лет (средний возраст - 89,3±3 года), которых разделили на две возрастные группы: 1-я - 37 женщин 85-89 лет (средний возраст - 86,9±1,6 года); 2-я - 31 женщина 90-95 лет (средний возраст - 92,1±1,4 года). Для реализации поставленной цели использовали компьютерный динамический постурографический (стабилометрический) комплекс «Smart Equitest Balance Manager» (США). Проводили следующие тесты: Motor Control Test (MCT) и тест Rhythmic Weight Shift (RWS). У большинства обследованных женщин 90-95 лет выявлено снижение композитной оценки латентности всего MCT (Composite of all Latencies), p=0,009. При этом сравнительный анализ теста RWS не выявил статистически значимых различий между возрастными группами. Установлены причинно-следственные связи показателей теста RWS и уровня возрастной самооценки. У женщин 90-95 лет не наблюдали снижения скорости целенаправленного движения и эффективного управления ЦТ во фронтальном и сагиттальном направлениях, при этом латентность скоординированных моторных реакций характеризовалась достоверно низкими значениями по сравнению с женщинами 85-89 лет. Таким образом, у женщин после 89 лет не происходит возрастных изменений процесса сенсомоторной интеграции, что также можно рассматривать как предиктор долгожительства. Полученные результаты позволили обозначить параметры MCT и теста RWS, которые можно учитывать при прогнозировании постуральных изменений и продолжительности жизни у женщин в старческом возрасте. The objective of this study was to identify the age-related peculiarities of the coordinated motor response and voluntary shift of the center of gravity (COG) in females aged 85-95. A total of 68 women within the age range of 85-95 were screened, mean age (М±SD) - 89,3±3. The first group comprised 37 women between the chronological ages of 85 and 89 (mean age: 86,9±1,6). The second group included 31 women aged 90-95 (mean age: 92,1±1,4). To achieve the stated objective the computer dynamic posturographic complex Smart Equitest Balance Manager (USA) was used. The following tests were conducted: Motor Control Test (MCT), Rhythmic Weight Shift Test (RWS). The tests revealed a decreasing Composite of all Latencies (p=0,009) in the majority of the surveyed women aged 90-95. However, a comparative analysis of the RWS test results showed no statistically significant differences between the age groups. Cause and effect relationships between the RWS test results and subjective perception of aging were established. Women aged 90-95 demonstrated no decrease in the speed of the voluntary shift and effective control of COG in frontal and sagittal planes, whereas the latency of their coordinated motor response was marked by reliably low numbers compared to women aged 85-89. Thus, women after 89 experience no age-related alterations in sensorimotor integration, which could be regarded as a predictor of longevity. The results obtained made it possible to outline the MCT and RWS parameters which can be taken into consideration in forecasting postural alterations and life expectancy for older women.

scholarly journals The Dynamic Motor Control Index as a Marker of Age-Related Neuromuscular Impairment

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley N. Collimore ◽  
Ashlyn J. Aiello ◽  
Ryan T. Pohlig ◽  
Louis N. Awad
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Neuromuscular Control ◽  
Muscle Synergies ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Index Study ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Young Old ◽  
Neuromuscular Impairment

Biomarkers that can identify age-related decline in walking function have potential to promote healthier aging by triggering timely interventions that can mitigate or reverse impairments. Recent evidence suggests that changes in neuromuscular control precede changes in walking function; however, it is unclear which measures are best suited for identifying age-related changes. In this study, non-negative matrix factorization of electromyography data collected during treadmill walking was used to calculate two measures of the complexity of muscle co-activations during walking for 36 adults: (1) the number of muscle synergies and (2) the dynamic motor control index. Study participants were grouped into young (18–35 years old), young-old (65–74 years old), and old–old (75+ years old) subsets. We found that the dynamic motor control index [χ2(2) = 9.41, p = 0.009], and not the number of muscle synergies [χ2(2) = 5.42, p = 0.067], differentiates between age groups [χ2(4) = 10.62, p = 0.031, Nagelkerke R2 = 0.297]. Moreover, an impairment threshold set at a dynamic motor control index of 90 (i.e., one standard deviation below the young adults) was able to differentiate between age groups [χ2(2) = 9.351, p = 0.009]. The dynamic motor control index identifies age-related differences in neuromuscular complexity not measured by the number of muscle synergies and may have clinical utility as a marker of neuromotor impairment.

scholarly journals Age-Related Differences in Muscle Synergy Organization during Step Ascent at Different Heights and Directions

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remco J. Baggen ◽  
Jaap H. van Dieën ◽  
Evelien Van Roie ◽  
Sabine M. Verschueren ◽  
Georgios Giarmatzis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Neuromuscular Control ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Step Height ◽  
Muscle Synergy ◽  
Age Related

The aim of this study was to explore the underlying age-related differences in dynamic motor control during different step ascent conditions using muscle synergy analysis. Eleven older women (67.0 y ± 2.5) and ten young women (22.5 y ± 1.6) performed stepping in forward and lateral directions at step heights of 10, 20 and 30 cm. Surface electromyography was obtained from 10 lower limb and torso muscles. Non-negative matrix factorization was used to identify sets of (n) synergies across age groups and stepping conditions. In addition, variance accounted for (VAF) by the detected number of synergies was compared to assess complexity of motor control. Finally, correlation coefficients of muscle weightings and between-subject variability of the temporal activation patterns were calculated and compared between age groups and stepping conditions. Four synergies accounted for >85% VAF across age groups and stepping conditions. Age and step height showed a significant negative correlation with VAF during forward stepping but not lateral stepping, with lower VAF indicating higher synergy complexity. Muscle weightings showed higher similarity across step heights in older compared to young women. Neuromuscular control of young and community-dwelling older women could not be differentiated based on the number of synergies extracted. Additional analyses of synergy structure and complexity revealed subtle age- and step-height-related differences, indicating that older women rely on more complex neuromuscular control strategies.

Age-Related Differences in Performance Using a Mouse and Trackball

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Bohan ◽  
Alex Chaparro
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Motor Control ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Target Characteristics

Aging is marked by changes in motor control which may be expected to affect performance using computer pointing devices. In this experiment, we compared older and younger adults' ability to acquire on-screen targets of varying distance and size using a mouse and trackball. The older adults moved consistently slower than their younger counterparts with both devices, particularly when making large amplitude movements. Error rates were equivalent for both age groups across all conditions. Analysis of throughput values indicated a significant interaction between age and device in which the younger adults' performance was more degraded when using the trackball than the mouse, while the older adults' performance did not vary across devices. These results are discussed in terms of potential error-averse strategies employed by the older participants in an attempt to compensate for age-related declines in motor control. Although the performance measures obtained in this study imply that older adults would perform equivalently using either the mouse or the trackball, it is not known whether these results generalize to other experimental conditions including different movement tasks, and target characteristics.

Nonlinear Analysis of Human Movement Dynamics Offers New Insights in the Development of Motor Control During Childhood

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina Bisi ◽  
Paola Tamburini ◽  
Giulia Pacini Panebianco ◽  
Rita Stagni
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Multiscale Entropy ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Trunk Acceleration ◽  
Motor Complexity

When aiming at assessing motor control development, natural walking (NW), and tandem walking (TW) are two locomotor tasks that allow analyzing different characteristics of motor control performance. NW is the reference locomotor task, expected to become more and more automatic with age. TW is a nonparadigmatic task used in clinics to highlight eventual impairments and to evaluate how a child deals with a new challenging motor experience. This work aims at investigating motor development in school-aged children, by assessing quantitatively their performance during TW and NW. Eighty children (6–10 years) participated in the study. Trunk acceleration data and nonlinear measures (recurrence quantification analysis (RQA), and multiscale entropy (MSE)) were used to characterize trunk postural control and motor complexity. The results were analyzed with respect to age and standard clinical assessment of TW (number of correct consecutive steps), by means of Spearman correlation coefficients. RQA and MSE allowed highlighting age-related changes in both postural control of the trunk and motor complexity, while classic standard assessment of TW resulted uniformly distributed in the different age groups. The present results suggest this quantitative approach as relevant when assessing the motor development in schoolchildren and complementary to standard clinical tests.

Immigrant Youth in Germany

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Frankenberg ◽  
Katharina Kupper ◽  
Ruth Wagner ◽  
Stephan Bongard
Keyword(s):  
School System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ethnic Discrimination ◽  
Emotional And Behavioral Problems ◽  
Sociocultural Adaptation ◽  
Age Related ◽  
German School ◽  
Transcultural Adaptation

This paper reviews research on young migrants in Germany. Particular attention is given to the question of how Germany’s history of migration, immigration policies, and public attitude toward migrants influence the transcultural adaptation of children and adolescents from different ethnic backgrounds. We combine past research with the results of new empirical studies in order to shed light on migrants’ psychological and sociocultural adaptation. Studies comparing young migrants and their German peers in terms of psychological well-being, life satisfaction, and mental health outcome suggest higher rates of emotional and behavioral problems among migrants of most age groups. With regard to adolescent populations between the ages of 14 and 17 years, however, the existence of differences between migrants and natives appears to be less clear. Research has also yielded inconsistent findings regarding the time trajectory of transcultural adaptation among adolescents. The coincidence of acculturation and age-related change is discussed as a possible source of these inconsistencies. Further, we provide an overview of risk and protective factors such as conflicting role expectations and ethnic discrimination, which may cause heightened vulnerability to adverse adaptation outcomes in some groups. Large-scale studies have repeatedly shown migrants of all age groups to be less successful within the German school system, indicating poor sociocultural adaptation. Possible explanations, such as the idiosyncrasies of the German school system, are presented. Our own studies contribute to the understanding of young migrants’ adaptation process by showing that it is their orientation to German culture, rather than the acculturation strategy of integration, that leads to the most positive psychological and sociocultural outcomes. The paper concludes by discussing implications for future cross-cultural research on young migrants and by suggesting recommendations for multicultural policies.

The influence of osteopathic correction on the rate of various rhythms of the body

2019 ◽  
pp. 64-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Chernikova ◽  
Yu. P. Potekhina
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Dispersion Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

Introduction. An osteopathic examination determines the rate, the amplitude and the strength of the main rhythms (cardiac, respiratory and cranial). However, there are relatively few studies in the available literature dedicated to the influence of osteopathic correction (OC) on the characteristics of these rhythms.Goal of research — to study the influence of OC on the rate characteristics of various rhythms of the human body.Materials and methods. 88 adult osteopathic patients aged from 18 to 81 years were examined, among them 30 men and 58 women. All patients received general osteopathic examination. The rate of the cranial rhythm (RCR), respiratory rate (RR) heart rate (HR), the mobility of the nervous processes (MNP) and the connective tissue mobility (CTM) were assessed before and after the OC session.Results. Since age varied greatly in the examined group, a correlation analysis of age-related changes of the assessed rhythms was carried out. Only the CTM correlated with age (r=–0,28; p<0,05) in a statistically significant way. The rank dispersion analysis of Kruskal–Wallis also showed statistically significant difference in this indicator in different age groups (p=0,043). With the increase of years, the CTM decreases gradually. After the OC, the CTM, increased in a statistically significant way (p<0,0001). The RCR varied from 5 to 12 cycles/min in the examined group, which corresponded to the norm. After the OC, the RCR has increased in a statistically significant way (p<0,0001), the MNP has also increased (p<0,0001). The initial heart rate in the subjects varied from 56 to 94 beats/min, and in 15 % it exceeded the norm. After the OC the heart rate corresponded to the norm in all patients. The heart rate and the respiratory rate significantly decreased after the OC (р<0,0001).Conclusion. The described biorhythm changes after the OC session may be indicative of the improvement of the nervous regulation, of the normalization of the autonomic balance, of the improvement of the biomechanical properties of body tissues and of the increase of their mobility. The assessed parameters can be measured quickly without any additional equipment and can be used in order to study the results of the OC.

Age related volume of cadaver-prostates in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-77
Author(s):  
Rukshana Ahmed ◽  
Shamim Ara
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Group A ◽  
Key Words Prostate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Pathological changes in the prostate gland occur commonly with advancing age including inflammation, atrophy, hyperplasia and carcinoma and a change in volume is also evident. Estimation of volume of prostate may be useful in a variety of clinical settings. A cross-sectional descriptive study was designed to see the changes in volume of the prostate with advancing age and done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from August 2006 to June 2007. The study was performed on 70 post-mortem human prostates collected from the unclaimed dead bodies that were under examination in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. The samples were divided into three age groups; group A (10-20 years), group B (21-40 years) and group C (41-70 years). Volume of the sample was measured by using the ellipsoid formula. The mean ± SD volume of prostate was 7.68 ± 3.64 cm3 in group A, 10.61 ± 3.99 cm3 in group B and 15.40 ± 6.31 cm3 in group C. Mean difference in volume between group A and group C, group B and group C were statistically significant (p<0.001). Statistically significant positive correlation was found between age and volume of prostate (r = + 0.579, p < 0.001). Key Words: Prostate; volume; Bangladeshi. DOI: 10.3329/imcj.v4i2.6501Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2010; 4(2): 74-77

Age development of cortical rhythmics in the EEG depending on the formation of the child’s personal psychical characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
A. V. Budkevich ◽  
L. B. Ivanov ◽  
G. R. Novikova ◽  
G. M. Dzhanumova
Keyword(s):  
Alpha Rhythm ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Brain Organization ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Mathematical Processing ◽  
Functional Brain Organization ◽  
Child's Brain ◽  
Attention Function ◽  
Apparently Healthy

According to the authors, rationing the age-related EEG parameters in children should be based on personal psychical characteristics. A comparative analysis of personal psychical characteristics and electroencephalographic data was carried out in 300 apparently healthy children aged 3-15 years. According to this principle, two subgroups of conditionally healthy children in each age group were singled out: 1) with an immature attention function and 2) with an increased anxious background that do not reach the pathological level. Registration and analysis of EEG was performed by the Neurokariograf computer complex (MBN, Moscow) using mathematical processing methods.The EEG interpretation was based on the principle of assessing the functional state of a child's brain using a three-component model according to: 1) wakefulness level and its dissociation, 2) severity of signs of the EEG neurotic pattern, 3) directionality of formation of traits of the system-functional brain organization (severity of signs functional hypofrontality).lt was found the presence of EEG signs was indicative of a lower level of wakefulness in children with an immature function of attention in all age groups, compared with the indicators of the average population of group and children with an increased background of anxiety. Children with an increased background of anxiety have a tendency to prevalence and excessive spatial synchronization of the alpha rhythm. ln healthy children, the fact of a decrease in wakefulness and the presence of signs of anxiety in the clinic and in EEG patterns indicates individual personalities and should not be considered as pathology.

UJI TARIK HIDRODINAMIKMODEL KAPAL BERSAYAP WiSE DENGAN LAMBUNG DASAR BERSTEP

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iskendar Iskendar ◽  
Andi Jamaludin ◽  
Paulus Indiyono
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Model Test ◽  
Hydrodynamic Model ◽  
Surface Effect ◽  
Center Of Gravity ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Flat Bottom ◽  
Towing Tank ◽  
Test Models ◽  
Wetted Surface Area

This paper describes hydrodynamic model tests of Wing in Surface Effect (WiSE) Craft. These craft  was fitted with  stephull  form in different location on longitudinal flat bottom (stepedhull planning craft) to determine the influences of sticking and porpoising motion performances. These motions are usually occured when the craft start to take-off from water surfaces. The test models with scale of 1 : 7 were comprised of 4 (four) stephull models and 1 (one) non-stephull model  as a comparative study. The hydrodynamic  tests were performed with craft speed of 16 – 32 knots (prototype values) in Towing Tank at UPT. Balai Pengkajian dan Penelitian Hidrodinamika (BPPH), BPPT, Surabaya. The resistance (drag) was measured by dynamo meter and the trim of model (draft changing at fore and aft  of model due to model speed) was measured by trim meter. By knowing the value of model trim, the wetted surface area can be determined. Then, the lift forces were calculated based on these measured values. The model test results were presented on tables and curves.  Test results show that models  with step located far away from center of gravity of the WiSE craft tend to porpoising and sticking condition, except if the step location on the below of these center of gravity. While model without step tends to sticking conditions.

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