scholarly journals Financial viability and environmental aspects in the selection of energy sources for sanitary hot water (SHW) and heated swimming pools

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-70
Author(s):  
Angeles Longarela-Ares
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Financial Viability ◽  
Viability Analysis

Sustainability and energy efficiency are topics of great interest, especially in the sports facilities management sector due to the high energy costs. One of the MOST Relevant costs is derived from the consumption of domestic hot water (DHW) and swimming pool. The objective of This work is to study new ways to manage and reduce costs through the These valuation of the use of traditional and renewable energy sources and the Necessary investment to Contribute to the promotion of a more sustainable vision of business management. Four alternative energy installations (Natural Gas, Biomass, Solar Thermal Combined With Natural Gas or Biomass) are Proposed, it is verified Which is more suitable in terms of financial viability and one of them is selected. For This purpose, we start from a hypothetical companycase and a 20-year forecast of the energy consumption, the costs and initial investment of each alternative is made; viability analysis are performed With the Net Present Value (NPV) and the results are Obtained Compared. The Conclusion Is That The most Appropriate solution, from a financial point of view, for sports centers similar to the company-case and With the Considered Circumstances, is the installation of Biomass, an option That, in Addition, can be Considered respectful With the environment.

scholarly journals Technological Innovation in Biomass Energy for the Sustainable Growth of Textile Industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonel Nunes ◽  
Radu Godina ◽  
João Matias
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Steam Generation

The growing increase in world energy consumption favors the search for renewable energy sources. One of the existing options for the growth and sustainable development of such types of sources is through the use of biomass as an input. The employment of biomass as solid fuel is widely studied and is no longer a novelty nor presents any difficulty from the technical point of view. It presents, however, logistic obstacles, thus not allowing their direct dissemination in every organization that is willing to replace it as an energy source. Use of biomass can be rewarding due to the fact that it can bring significant economic gains attained due to the steadiness of the biomass price in Portugal. However, the price may rise as predicted in the coming years, although it will be a gradual rising. The main goal of this study was to analyze whether biomass in the case of the Portuguese textile industry can be a viable alternative that separates the possibility of sustainable growth from the lack of competitiveness due to high energy costs. The study showed that biomass can be a reliable, sustainable and permanent energy alternative to more traditional energy sources such as propane gas, naphtha and natural gas for the textile industry. At the same time, it can bring savings of 35% in energy costs related to steam generation. Also, with new technology systems related to the Internet of Things, a better on-time aware of needs, energy production and logistic chain information will be possible.

scholarly journals Clean Energy for Cooling and Heating with Ground Source Heat Pumps

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pumps ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Ground Source

In the recent attempts to stimulate alternative energy sources for heating and cooling of buildings, emphasise has been put on utilisation of the ambient energy from ground source heat pump systems (GSHPs) and other renewable energy sources. Exploitation of renewable energy sources and particularly ground heat in buildings can significantly contribute towards reducing dependency on fossil fuels. The study was carried out at the Energy Research Institute (ERI), between September 2016 and November 2017. This paper highlights the potential energy saving that could be achieved through use of ground energy source. The main concept of this technology is that it uses the lower temperature of the ground (approximately <32°C), which remains relatively stable throughout the year, to provide space heating, cooling and domestic hot water inside the building area. The purpose of this study, however, is to examine the means of reducing of energy consumption in buildings, identifying GSHPs as an environmental friendly technology able to provide efficient utilisation of energy in the buildings sector, promoting the use of GSHPs applications as an optimum means of heating and cooling, and presenting typical applications and recent advances of the DX GSHPs. It is concluded that the direct expansion of GSHP are extendable to more comprehensive applications combined with the ground heat exchanger in foundation piles and the seasonal thermal energy storage from solar thermal collectors. This study highlights the energy problem and the possible saving that can be achieved through the use of the GSHP systems. This article discusses the principle of the ground source energy, varieties of GSHPs, and various developments.

scholarly journals Advantages of biomass compared to traditional fuels

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-104
Author(s):  
L. Stepasyuk ◽  
◽  
O. Nahorna ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Private Enterprise ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
The Developed Countries

Given Ukraine's high dependence on imported energy, primarily natural gas, and the availability of great biomass potential, it has been proven that bioenergy is one of the strategic directions of the sector's development in renewable energy sources. It is determined that the pace of bioenergy development in Ukraine still lags significantly behind European ones. It is established, that in the developed countries of the world use of biomass as a source of energy continues to play an important role because of a significant increase in prices for oil and gas, as well as the growing demand for protection of the environment. Therefore, the introduction of modern technologies for continuous energy production from biomass is an important condition for the solution of problems of supply of energy and prevent degradation of the environment. The possibility of using biofuels in the Kyiv region is proved, the investment attractiveness of this region as a source of thermal energy is revealed. The methodical approach to estimating the theoretical potential of waste due to the use of alternative energy sources is substantiated. The theoretical energy potential of the biomass of by-products of agricultural crops of private enterprise "Sosnova" was assessed, which made it possible to determine the prospects of an agricultural enterprise in the energy supply of the Kyiv region at the expense of biofuels. According to the generally accepted method, the theoretical energy potential of straw and vegetable waste of private enterprise "Sosnova" was calculated, which in the market turnover in 2019 amounted to 8392 tons of oil equivalent. It was determined that the predominant type of biomass in the studied enterprise were corn stalks and wheat straw. On the example of the object of the school, which is located near the investigated enterprise, the calculation of savings on heating by replacing the traditional type of fuel (natural gas) with biofuel. The calculations show that due to biofuels the company can provide 28% of the school's need for the heating season. The savings will be - 60.6 thousand UAH and its use allow you to save about 43% of fuel annually.

scholarly journals Hybrid solar-biomass system for district heating

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 04006
Author(s):  
Adrian Ilie ◽  
Ion Vişa
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
District Heating Systems

The energy used in the built-up environment represents at least 40% of the total energy consumed, out of which, at least 60% is required for heating, cooling and domestic hot water (DHW). Within the European Union, more than 6,000 communities (i.e. over 9%) use district heating systems, the majority of which use the conversion of fossil fuels as a source of energy. This aspect, which is corroborated by the directives of the EU legislation on the use of renewable energy sources and energy performance, imposes the development of new solutions through which the existing district heating systems may be adapted to use renewable energy sources. The solar-thermal systems that are used on a large (district) scale are becoming more and more efficient from the point of view of their feasibility; however, it is almost impossible to create systems that should satisfy the thermal energy demand throughout the four seasons of the year. The hybrid solar-biomass system is becoming the applicable solution for the majority of the communities that have from this potential, since it can secure independence from the point of view of the use of thermal energy. This paper presents the design stages for the implementation of the hybrid solar-biomass systems with a view to identifying the optimal solutions for systems to be integrated into an existing district heating system. A case study (Taberei District in Odorheiu Secuiesc City), which provides a detailed description of the feasible technical solutions, is presented.

scholarly journals Wave energy resource assessment at southern coast of the Gulf of Mexico

DYNA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 82 (193) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
Alejandro Gonzalez-Carrillo ◽  
Raziel Ruiz-Cabrera ◽  
Quetzalcoatl Cruz Hernandez-Escobedo ◽  
Aranzazú Fernández-García ◽  
Francisco Manzano-Agugliaro
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Density Wave ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Southern Coast

Find alternative energy sources is one of the challenges that came with XXI century and this paper makes an analysis about wave energy, which presents several advantages over fossil based energy and even other renewable energy sources. Among them are its low environmental impact and its high energy density. Wave energy is beginning to be considered as an important and promising renewable resource in many countries. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the wave energy potential at the southern coast of the Gulf of Mexico; the sea states were observed and was obtained that the available mean wave power is 55.91 W/m. In addition, this paper shows that, in the study site, the most energetic season is fall and the less energetic season is spring. This differs from the global trend, were the most energetic season is winter, and the less energetic season is spring.

scholarly journals Preliminary Study on Properties of Small Diameter Wild Acacia mangium Species as Potential Biomass Energy Sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-144
Author(s):  
Mohd Sukhairi Mat Rasat ◽  
Muhammad Iqbal Ahmad ◽  
Mohd Hazim Mohamad Amini ◽  
Razak Wahab ◽  
Puad Elham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Particle Sizes

Currently, the primary energy supply in Malaysia is dominant by non-renewable energy sources such oil, natural gas and coal which contributed to the scarcity of these sources and occurrence of global warming. This phenomenon raises the public concerns to diversify the energy sources to sustain energy availability. To address these predicaments, biomass sources is among the prominent alternative energy sources since it is renewable and possesses minimal harms to the environment. Thus, the woody plant with high growth rate and high energy content that can be used to serve as potential biomass energy sources. In this study, small diameter (5-8cm) of wild Acacia mangium species have been determined and compared accordingly three (3) different portions (bottom, middle and top) and two (2) different particle sizes (0.5 and 1.5mm). The analysis conducted to determine the properties of raw material of Acacia mangium as biomass energy sources were proximate, physical and energy content properties. The result obtained for the energy content analysis of small diameter wild Acacia mangium has a mean calorific value range from 16.35 to 18.35MJ/kg between portions and particle sizes. In order to determine the effect of portions and particle sizes on each of the proximate, physical and energy content properties, two-way ANOVA was performed. It shows that both the portions and particle sizes have significant effect on calorific value (energy content) of small diameter wild Acacia mangium at 99% of confidence level. In a nutshell, the biomass energy properties of small diameter wild Acacia mangium with different portions and particle sizes were being determined.

scholarly journals Optimization and economic assessment of renewable energy sources and their combinations for Central Europe

2019 ◽  
Vol 292 ◽  
pp. 01021
Author(s):  
Jan Skovajsa ◽  
Martin Zálešák
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Optimal Parameters

The article deals with the economic evaluation of investment and optimization of the renewable energy sources for family houses. For example, from the point of view of solar systems, the optimal solution is based on the specific application of it. The design is dependent on the location of the panels and ration between active aperture area and real daytime consumption. Common calculations according to actual standards often give overstated results, which also reflected in the value of the investments. The article shows the research of optimal parameters of the thermal solar system for preparing of domestic hot water. A combination of related standards and software TRNSYS are used to find optimal parameters. Thanks to created and verified simulation models, it is possible to design parameters so as to avoid under-dimensioning or over-dimensioning of the each system. Energy price is another factor affects the payback period of investments. This is affected by the used energy sources and their combination. For example, buildings that use electricity to heat water or heating have different energy charges than a building that uses natural gas. So, the aim is to find optimal solution of the combination of renewable energy sources.

scholarly journals Renewable Energy Sources for the Present and Future: An Alternative Power Supply for Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. p18
Author(s):  
Ebuete Abinotami Williams ◽  
Raimi Morufu Olalekan ◽  
Ebuete Ibim Yarwamara ◽  
Oshatunberu Modupe
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Policy Dialogue ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Wide Range

It is estimated that at least 600 million people in Africa lack access to electricity and three out of five people don’t have access to electricity in Sub-Saharan Africa. Though Africa is rich in a wide range of energy resources including solar, bio, natural gas, oil, coal and Uranium, the continent is far from energy self-sufficiency. Addressing climate change will require deep and quick reductions in fossil fuel use so that the systems developed around producing, transporting, and consuming energy are decarbonized by the middle of the century. In the ongoing age, sustainable power source has taken another swing to limelight on the planet, particularly in developed and emerging nations, as it assumes a noteworthy part both in economy and the general job of the world. Significantly, Nigeria an oil-rich country, comes as no surprise that almost all of her energy consumption comes from non-renewable energy sources as coal, natural gas and oil, and as such it is highly vulnerable to shocks due to overdependence on the fossil sources; often time is controlled by the international market. On the whole, the fossil fuel is expected to span only but a millennium (1700-2700) of human civilization while the imperative of an energy shortage situation is felt in every sector of the country considering the poor electricity consumptions in the country, which has reflected on the country’s economy and productivity rate. In revamping the economic sectors in Nigeria, the need for an alternative energy sources that is augmentable in supply keeping in view sustainable development as the hallmark for all sector development. Thus far, Nigeria ought to likewise be opened to universal investments as this would help support the improvement of its assets. This paper, therefore, supports no other sources but renewable energy in promoting the countries productivity at all segments. It further stressed on the implementation of the country’s Renewable Energy Master Plan (REMP) to meet global competitors by the year 2030. Similarly, senior political figures, policymakers and CEOs should engage in a policy dialogue by identifying unique opportunities and best practices for developing and investing in Nigeria and in Africa’s energy markets for “…without this energy supply, the sophisticated skills of the industrial world are merely a burden in the struggle for survival.”

scholarly journals The use of alternative energy sources in the planning of ecotourism facilities as one of the technological methods of environmental protection

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (94) ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
N. Kachmar ◽  
T. Datsko ◽  
M. Ivankiv ◽  
A. Dydiv
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Solar Collectors ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
The Cost

The article presents the results of research on environmental, energy and economic efficiency of the use of alternative energy sources to provide heat to buildings located on the territory of nature reserves. Spending of time on the territory of the nature reserve fund gives the chance of various kinds of rest: use of bicycle routes, ecological paths, the organized places of recreation, etc. Therefore, in specially designated areas complexes are built for vacationers. They provide them with a comfortable stay and the opportunity to get the most out of the chosen type of recreation. Electricity networks are most often used to provide buildings with electric power on the territory of nature reserve facilities. However, this has a significant negative impact on the environment. Many of these facilities are located at a great distance from the settlements, that increases the cost of electrification and gasification. Such facilities require large investments in hot water and heat. Therefore, alternative energy sources are suitable for such cases. The main advantage of using solar panels and heat pump is their environmental friendliness and long period of operation without major repairs. It is established that for the installation of vertical probes it is enough to use four branches 106 m long. For this combined system it is necessary to install six solar collectors, which will provide monthly heat production in the amount of 514.03 MJ. The use of solar collectors and a heat pump to provide heat to the visitor center will reduce the annual operating costs by 4.63 times compared to the costs required for the operation of a system that would operate on the basis of a gas boiler. The use of a combined heat supply system will make it possible to abandon the use of 7156.3 kg of conventional fuel and as a result will reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the amount of 7871.9 kg. Our country is interested in the use of renewable energy sources by reducing the cost of traditional energy sources, the overall reduction of greenhouse gas emissions during combustion. The state receives direct income from the sale of quotas for harmful emissions.

PROSPECTS OF OBTAINING ALTERNATIVE FUEL FROM VARIOUS BIOMASS AND WASTE SPECIES IN AZERBAIJAN

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-41
Author(s):  
O. M. Salamov ◽  
F. F. Aliyev
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Gaseous Fuels

The paper discusses the possibility of obtaining liquid and gaseous fuels from different types of biomass (BM) and combustible solid waste (CSW) of various origins. The available world reserves of traditional types of fuel are analyzed and a number of environmental shortcomings that created during their use are indicated. The tables present the data on the conditional calorific value (CCV) of the main traditional and alternative types of solid, liquid and gaseous fuels which compared with CCV of various types of BM and CSW. Possible methods for utilization of BM and CSW are analyzed, as well as the methods for converting them into alternative types of fuel, especially into combustible gases.Reliable information is given on the available oil and gas reserves in Azerbaijan. As a result of the research, it was revealed that the currently available oil reserves of Azerbaijan can completely dry out after 33.5 years, and gas reserves–after 117 years, without taking into account the growth rates of the exported part of these fuels to European countries. In order to fix this situation, first of all it is necessary to use as much as possible alternative and renewable energy sources, especially wind power plants (WPP) and solar photovoltaic energy sources (SFES) in the energy sector of the republic. Azerbaijan has large reserves of solar and wind energy. In addition, all regions of the country have large reserves of BM, and in the big cities, especially in industrial ones, there are CSW from which through pyrolysis and gasification is possible to obtain a high-quality combustible gas mixture, comprising: H2 + CO + CH4, with the least amount of harmful waste. The remains of the reaction of thermochemical decomposition of BM and CSW to combustible gases can also be used as mineral fertilizers in agriculture. The available and projected resources of Azerbaijan for the BM and the CSW are given, as well as their assumed energy intensity in the energy sector of the republic.Given the high energy intensity of the pyrolysis and gasification of the BM and CSW, at the present time for carrying out these reactions, the high-temperature solar installations with limited power are used as energy sources, and further preference is given to the use of WPP and SFES on industrial scale.

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