scholarly journals Propuesta de atención a alumnos con niveles de depresión en el nivel superior, en el estado de Yucatán

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Gloria Perez-Garmendia ◽  
Iris Cristel Perez-Perez ◽  
Leticia Lopez-Valdivieso ◽  
Jazmín Balderrabano-Briones
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
The State ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Experimental Cross ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
Depression Measurement ◽  
Depression Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Objectives: Propose care strategies for students with levels of depression disorders in higher level students through the measurement of depression symptoms in higher level students and with the participation of experts in the psychosocial area, propose support measures of the cognitive model. Methodology: The research is of an exploratory and descriptive type and a non-experimental cross-sectional design (Hernández, et al, 2006), beginning with a documentary research, subsequently measuring the level of depression through instruments that detect the presence of depression in students to generate the proposal of attention and strategies according to the strongest causes to attend to students with levels of depression disorders. Contribution: In the January-June 2020 semester, the total number of registered students was 903 students. Of the total number of enrolled students, 473 students (53%) responded to the depression measurement instrument, it is important to highlight the committed participation of leaders and experts in the analysis of information for the generation of a comprehensive proposal for the care of higher level students, in the State of Yucatan

scholarly journals Quality of Life in OCD: Differential Impact of Obsessions, Compulsions, and Depression Comorbidity

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Masellis ◽  
Neil A Rector ◽  
Margaret A Richter
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression Severity ◽  
Differential Impact ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Objective: An anxiety disorder severely affects the sufferer's quality of life (QOL), and this may be particularly true of those with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). This study examines the differential impact of obsessions, compulsions, and depression comorbidity on the QOL of individuals with OCD. Method: Forty-three individuals diagnosed with OCD according to DSM-IV criteria and experiencing clinically significant obsessions and compulsions completed measures of QOL, obsessive–compulsive symptom severity, and depression severity. Results: Obsession severity was found to significantly predict patient QOL, whereas the severity of compulsive rituals did not impact on QOL ratings. Comorbid depression severity was the single greatest predictor of poor QOL, accounting for 54% of the variance. Conclusions: Given the importance of these symptoms, treatments that directly target obsessions and secondary depression symptoms in OCD are warranted. However, replication of these findings in a prospective cohort study is required, because although the the current study's cross-sectional design allows for the examination of the associations among obsessions, depression, and QOL, it cannot establish their temporal framework (that is, causal relations).

scholarly journals Contributions of fixed mindsets and hopelessness to anxiety and depressive symptoms: A commonality analysis approach

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C Mullarkey ◽  
Jessica L. Schleider
Keyword(s):  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Personal Traits ◽  
Maladaptive Cognitions ◽  
Unique Variance ◽  
Commonality Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Internalizing Distress

Background. Fixed mindsets (beliefs that personal traits are unchangeable) show consistent associations with internalizing symptoms. However, the mindset-internalizing symptom link has previously been studied in isolation of other maladaptive cognitions that relate to internalizing symptoms. Thus, the unique contributions of mindsets to internalizing symptoms remains unclear. Method. We used commonality analysis (CA), which yields unique and shared effects of independent variables on an outcome, to assess unique contributions of emotion and anxiety mindsets to anxiety and depression symptoms, relative to the contributions of hopelessness. Participants in two online studies (Ns=200, 430) self-reported depression and anxiety symptoms, hopelessness, and emotion and anxiety mindsets.Results. In Study 1, neither mindset type contributed unique variance to depression or anxiety beyond the contribution of hopelessness. In Study 2, emotion mindsets again explained no unique symptom variance. Anxiety mindsets uniquely contributed 2.0% and 6.5% of depression and anxiety variance, respectively— but far larger proportions of symptom variance (20.0%-60.9%) were contributed by hopelessness alone, variance shared by hopelessness and anxiety mindsets, and variance shared among hopelessness, anxiety mindsets, and emotion mindsets. Limitations. The cross-sectional design precludes causal conclusions, and the non-referred adult samples may limit generalizability. Discussion. Mindsets contributed little unique variance to internalizing symptoms beyond hopelessness. Interventions teaching growth mindsets have been shown to reduce internalizing problem in past studies. However, these interventions may operate might not necessarily operate by shaping mindsets; rather, they may affect symptom change by shaping closely-linked maladaptive cognitions—like hopelessness—with stronger ties to internalizing distress.

scholarly journals Using the Many-Facet Rasch Model to analyse and evaluate the quality of objective structured clinical examination: a non-experimental cross-sectional design

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e029208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Tavakol ◽  
Gill Pinner
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Rasch Model ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Objective Structured Clinical Examination ◽  
Student Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Information Giving ◽  
Experimental Cross ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

ObjectivesSources of bias, such as the examiners, domains and stations, can influence the student marks in objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). This study describes the extent to which the facets modelled in an OSCE can contribute to scoring variance and how they fit into a Many-Facet Rasch Model (MFRM) of OSCE performance. A further objective is to identify the functioning of the rating scale used.DesignA non-experimental cross-sectional design.Participants and settingsAn MFRM was used to identify sources of error (eg, examiner, domain and station), which may influence the student outcome. A 16-station OSCE was conducted for 329 final year medical students. Domain-based marking was applied, each station using a sample from eight defined domains across the whole OSCE. The domains were defined as follows: communication skills, professionalism, information gathering, information giving, clinical interpretation, procedure, diagnosis and management. The domains in each station were weighted to ensure proper attention to the construct of the individual station. Four facets were assessed: students, examiners, domains and stations.ResultsThe results suggest that the OSCE data fit the model, confirming that an MFRM approach was appropriate to use. The variable map allows a comparison with and between the facets of students, examiners, domains and stations and the 5-point score for each domain with each station as they are calibrated to the same scale. Fit statistics showed that the domains map well to the performance of the examiners. No statistically significant difference between examiner sensitivity (3.85 logits) was found. However, the results did suggest examiners were lenient and that some behaved inconsistently. The results also suggest that the functioning of response categories on the 5-point rating scale need further examination and optimisation.ConclusionsThe results of the study have important implications for examiner monitoring and training activities, to aid assessment improvement.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN STATUS GIZI DENGAN KEJADIAN ANGULAR CHEILITIS PADA ANAK-ANAK DI LOKASI PEMBUANGAN AKHIR SUMOMPO KOTA MANADO

e-GIGI ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Citra Ilery ◽  
Christy N. Mintjelungan ◽  
Joenda Soewantoro
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Small Parts

Abstract: Nutrition is all the intake foods that required for the body to become health,it contains balance carbohydrate, protein, fat, vitamin and mineral. Oral cavity is one of the small parts of the human body, however oral cavity can describe the state of nutrition from someone. One of the abnormality in oral cavity that often undergo in childhood period that have close relation to the state of nutrition in growing stages is Angular Cheilitis. Angular Cheilitis is an acute or chronic inflammation of the skin closely with the membrane of mucosa labia from the corner of the mouth. The purpose of this research is to know the relationship between children’s state of nutrition with the number of occurrence of Angular Cheilitis to the children in the landfill (TPA) of Sumompo. The method of research is analytic descriptive with cross sectional design. Data acquisition gathered by using total sampling method in which the researcher conducted examination for the children who live in the environment address “Lingkungan III” near the landfill (TPA) of Sumompo in December 2012 with 112 children participants. The data gathered are managed and analyzed by using computer software SPSS version 16 and than it interpreted to test the hypothesis by using chi-square method of analys. The result of the research showed that 50 children were below malnutrition. Meanwhile, the number of occurrence of Angular Cheilitis showed 42 children (84%) in the landfill (TPA) of Sumompo. Therefore, there is a significant relationship between the states of nutrition of a child with the occurrence of angular cheilitis. Keywords: The state of nutrition, Angular Cheilitis, The landfill (TPA) of Sumompo.     Abstrak: Gizi adalah segala asupan makanan yang diperlukan agar tubuh menjadi sehat yang mengandung karbohidrat, protein, lemak, vitamin dan mineral yang seimbang. Rongga mulut merupakan salah satu bagian terkecil dari seluruh tubuh manusia, namun demikian rongga mulut dapat  menggambarkankeadaan gizi seseorang. Salah satu contoh kelainan di rongga mulut yang sering dialami pada masa anak-anak yang erat hubungannya dengan status gizi selama masa pertumbuhan ialah Angular Cheilitis.Angular Cheilitis adalah suatu keadaan inflamasi yang akut atau kronik dari kulit yang berdekatan dengan membran mukosa labial dari sudut mulut.Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara status gizi anak dengan angka kejadian Angular Cheilitis pada anak-anak di Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA) Sumompo.Penelitian dari studi ini bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan desain potong lintang (cross sectional). Pengambilan data didapatkan dengan menggunakan metode total sampling dengan cara melakukan pemeriksaan pada anak-anak yang bertempat tinggal di lingkungan III TPA Sumompo pada bulan Desember 2012 pada 112 anak, kemudian data yang diperoleh diolah dan  dianalisis dengan menggunakan komputer melalui software SPSS versi 16 kemudiandiinterpretasi untuk menguji hipotesis menggunakan uji chi-square.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa di TPA Sumompo sebanyak 50 anak berstatus gizi dibawah normal.Angka kejadian Angular Cheilitis yang terjadi di TPA Sumompo sebanyak 42 anak (84%).Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara status gizi seorang anak dengan kejadian Angular Cheilitis. Kata kunci: Status gizi, angular cheilitis, TPA Sumompo.

scholarly journals Impact Of Covid-19 Pandemic On Mental Health Of Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study Using GAD-7 And PHQ-9 Questionnaires

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Izaias Sartorão Filho ◽  
Wilson Conte de Las Villas Rodrigues ◽  
Ricardo Beauchamp de Castro ◽  
Arlete Aparecida Marçal ◽  
Shirlene Pavelqueires ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Depression Disorders

AbstractAimto evaluate anxiety and depression disorders among medical students during COVID-19 pandemic.Methodscross-sectional study of medical students conducted in May 2020 with questionnaires regarding social and demographic status and GAD-7 for anxiety and PHQ-9 for depression questionnaires.Resultsparticipated 340 (97.98%) students. Average GAD-7 score was 9.18 (M = 9.18; SD = 4.75); average PHQ-9 score was 12.72 (M = 12.72; SD = 6.62). Results indicate a positive significant relationship between GAD-7 and females, and social distancing affecting finances. Using cut-off score of 10 for GAD-7, 157 (46.17%) students were identified with moderated or severe symptoms of anxiety. For PHQ-9 score, using cut-off of 10, 219 (64.41%) students were identified with moderate or severe symptoms of depression; results indicate a positive significant relationship between PHQ-9 and females and between social distancing affecting finances.Conclusionanalysis demonstrated a higher prevalence of moderated and severe anxiety and depression symptoms among medical students during COVID-19 pandemic, significantly among women and on medical students relating financial impairment related to COVID-19 epidemic.The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Institution under report number CAAE: 30718220.5.0000.8547

scholarly journals The Influence of Illness Perception, Anxiety and Depression Disorders on Students Mental Health during COVID-19 Outbreak in Pakistan: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aqeel ◽  
Kanwar Hamza Shuja ◽  
Jaffar Abbas ◽  
Tasnim Rehna ◽  
Arash Ziapour
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Illness Perception ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Depression Disorders

Abstract Background: Since the emergence of a coronavirus disease (2019-nCoV) in December 2019, the whole world is in a state of chaos. Isolation strategy with quarantine is a useful model in controlling transmission and rapid spread. As a result, people remained at homes and disrupted their outside daily activities. It led to the closure of educational institutes, which is a source of many students to cope with numerous personal and familial issues. This study focuses on exploring the relationships and potential mediational pathways between mental health problems, illness perception, anxiety, and depression disorders.Method: The study incorporated snowball sampling techniques through a cross-sectional, web-based survey and recruited 500 students from different public and private universities from twin cities, Rawalpindi, and Islamabad from March 23 to April 15, 2020, during the coronavirus outbreak lockdown. The study used four instruments, Beck Depression Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire, and The Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale for assessing depression, anxiety, illness perception, and mental health disorders.Results: The findings indicated normal (43.2%) mild (20.5%), moderate (13.6%), and severe (22.7%) level of anxiety prevalence in students. Results specified a normal (65.9%), mild (9.10%), moderate (9.12%), and severe (15.90%) depression prevalence, and findings stipulated that anxiety disorder prevalence was higher than the depression disorder. The correlational results specified a negative and significant relationship between mental health, illness perception, anxiety, and depression symptoms. The multiple regression analysis stated that anxiety and depression disorders mediated the relationship between mental health and present illness perception. The perception of illness exhibited a relation to depression and anxiety disorders.Conclusion: The study proposed a model to address mental health problems during the lockdown. The (2019-nCoV) illness perception developed mental disorders, including anxiety and depression, which has declined individuals' mental health. There is an urgent need for ongoing clinical examination and management to address psychological disorders, and findings suggest assessing mental health to combatting the pandemic worldwide. Findings recommend developing strategies to promote mental healthcare facilities during COVID-19 wide-ranging disasters. These results highlight the impending importance of devising strategies to treat mental health problems.

Levels of mathematical performance in preschoolers [Nivel de rendimiento matemático en preescolares]

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Vanessa Jakelin Roman Luna ◽  
Priscila Montañez Huancaya ◽  
Fany Silvana Figueroa Hurtado ◽  
Eusebio Arainga Blas
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Mathematical Thinking ◽  
Basic Type ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Probabilistic Sampling ◽  
Mathematical Performance ◽  
Experimental Cross ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Process Level

The objective of this research was to determine the level of Mathematical Thought Development that children of five years present. The focus of the research was quantitative of basic type, the simple descriptive method with a non-experimental cross-sectional design was used. The population consisted of 80 children where non-probabilistic sampling was carried out. For data collection, an observation form used as an instrument was applied. The validity of the instrument was made through expert judgments with an approved - applicable result and the reliability was determined through Cronbach alpha. Subsequently, the collected data were processed in the database of the SPSS program. Finally, the results were 64.10% of the children of 5 years are in a process level, while 20.51% is in a level of initiation and 15.38% in the level of achievement, consequently, the predominant level is the process level, which implies raising a higher level of stimulation and reinforcement in order to develop mathematical thinking in the vast majority of children.

Impact Of Covid-19 Pandemic On Mental Health Of Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study Using GAD-7 And PHQ-9 Questionnaires (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Izaias Filho
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Depression Disorders

UNSTRUCTURED Aim: to evaluate anxiety and depression disorders among medical students during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: cross-sectional study of medical students conducted in May 2020 with questionnaires regarding social and demographic status and GAD-7 for anxiety and PHQ-9 for depression questionnaires. Results: participated 340 (97.98%) students. Average GAD-7 score was 9.18 (M = 9.18; SD = 4.75); average PHQ-9 score was 12.72 (M = 12.72; SD = 6.62). Results indicate a positive significant relationship between GAD-7 and females, and social distancing affecting finances. Using cut-off score of 10 for GAD-7, 157 (46.17%) students were identified with moderated or severe symptoms of anxiety. For PHQ-9 score, using cut-off of 10, 219 (64.41%) students were identified with moderate or severe symptoms of depression; results indicate a positive significant relationship between PHQ-9 and females and between social distancing affecting finances. Conclusion: analysis demonstrated a higher prevalence of moderated and severe anxiety and depression symptoms among medical students during COVID-19 pandemic, significantly among women and on medical students relating financial impairment related to COVID-19 pandemic. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT RR2-10.1101/2020.06.24.20138925

scholarly journals Influence of carer expressed emotion and affect on relapse in non-affective psychosis

2006 ◽  
Vol 188 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kuipers ◽  
P. Bebbington ◽  
G. Dunn ◽  
D. Fowler ◽  
D. Freeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Expressed Emotion ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Patient Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Affective Psychosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

BackgroundHigh expressed emotion in carers predicts relapse in psychosis, but it is not known why this is so. In our cognitive model of psychosis, we postulated that the effect is mediated through affective changes.AimsTo investigate the relationships between carer expressed emotion, patients' symptoms and carer characteristics during a recent relapse of psychosis.MethodA total of 86 patients and carers were investigated in a cross-sectional design.ResultsPatients whose carers showed high expressed emotion had significantly higher levels of anxiety and depression, but not more psychotic symptoms or lower self-esteem. Linear regression showed that carers' critical comments predicted anxiety in patients. Critical comments were related to low carer self-esteem and avoidant coping strategies. Low carer self-esteem was also related to carer depression, stress and carer ‘burden’, and to low patient self-esteem.ConclusionsOur hypothesis was partially supported. Carer criticism was associated with patient anxiety, low carer self-esteem and poor carer coping strategies. Family interventions should focus on improving these after a relapse of symptoms of psychosis.

scholarly journals Recognition of anxiety disorder and depression and literacy of first-aid support: A cross-sectional study among undergraduate students in Ha Noi, Viet Nam 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 205510292110151
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thai Quynh-Chi ◽  
Dang Hoang-Minh ◽  
Le Thi Kim-Anh
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Professional Help ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

This study is aimed at exploring undergraduate students’ abilities to recognize anxiety disorder and depression symptoms, and their literacy of mental first-aid supports for these problems. Using a mixed-method, cross-sectional design, data were collected from 724 undergraduate students in Hanoi. This used a questionnaire on literacy of anxiety disorder and depression, adapted from the Australian National Survey of Mental Health Literacy and Stigma. The prevalence of the respondents who could identify anxiety disorder and depression symptoms were 25.9% and 42.3%, respectively. Literacy of mental first-aid supports focused on: listening to the person in an understanding way, encouraging the person to be more active, seeking professional help, make appointment with the general doctor.

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