The Moderate Effect Of Individual Factors, School Contextual Factors on Big Fish Little Pond Effect: Evidence From Chinese Mainland Pisa(2012) Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 1517-1530
Author(s):  
Kong Bojian
Keyword(s):  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Chinese Mainland ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Pisa 2012 ◽  
Moderate Effect

scholarly journals Socio-economic factors associated with a healthy diet: results from the E3N study

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1574-1583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélie Affret ◽  
Gianluca Severi ◽  
Courtney Dow ◽  
Grégoire Rey ◽  
Cyrille Delpierre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

AbstractObjectiveTo identify individual and contextual socio-economic factors associated with a healthy diet.DesignDietary data from a large cohort study were used to derive two mutually exclusive dietary patterns through a latent class analysis. Associations between dietary patterns and socio-economic factors were studied with logistic regression.SettingE3N, a French prospective cohort study composed of women recruited from a national health insurance plan covering people working in the national education system.SubjectsE3N participants (n 73 031) with dietary and socio-economic data available.ResultsThe ‘Healthy’ pattern was characterized by a large consumption of fruits and vegetables and the ‘Less Healthy’ pattern by a large consumption of pizza and processed meat. When all socio-economic factors were analysed together, all of the individual factors considered were associated with a healthy diet (e.g. women with three or more children were less likely to follow a healthy diet v. women with no children, OR (95 % CI): 0·70 (0·66, 0·75)) while the contextual factors associated with a healthy diet included the size of the agglomeration of residence and the area of birth and residence (e.g. women living in the West of France were less likely to follow a healthy diet v. those living in the South of France: 0·78 (0·72, 0·83)).ConclusionsWe demonstrated that individual and contextual factors are both associated with diet. Rather than focusing only on individual factors, we recommend future studies or public health and nutritional strategies on diet to consider both types of factors.

Interaction of rater and context in ethicality evaluation

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-367
Author(s):  
Yanling Chen ◽  
Xiaoye May Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Leadership ◽  
Regulatory Focus ◽  
Ethical Decision ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Moral Attentiveness ◽  
Practical Implications

We investigated how the evaluation of ethicality that precedes ethical decision making is influenced by personal and situational factors. We argued that both individual and contextual factors would simultaneously influence ethicality evaluation. We found that employees' regulatory focus significantly influenced their evaluation of supervisors' ethical leadership (N = 40 supervisors and 142 employees). We also found that contextual factors interacted with individual factors in the ethicality evaluation process. Results showed that a positive relationship between employees' promotion focus and their evaluation of their supervisor's ethical leadership was negatively moderated by the supervisor's moral attentiveness. Theoretical and practical implications and limitations in the study are discussed.

scholarly journals PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN DAN KETERLIBATAN ORANGTUA DALAM INTERVENSI DINI PERKEMBANGAN KOMUNIKASI ANAK CEREBRAL PALSY DI RUMAH GADANG CEREBRAL PALSY

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 032-039
Author(s):  
Rahmi Khalida ◽  
Yuli Afmi Ropita Sari ◽  
Yustisi Maharani Syahadat ◽  
Ilham Akerda Edyyul ◽  
Anggawati Imanniyah
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Early Intervention ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Sound Quality ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Service Activities ◽  
West Sumatra

Abstrak:   Keberhasilan komunikasi bergantung pada kombinasi faktor kontekstual dan faktor individual. Faktor individual pada individu cerebral palsy menentukan kesulitan dalam berkomunikasi, karena selain kesulitan dalam menggunakan kualitas suara juga pada umumnya anak cerebral palsy mengalami hambatan kognitif. Hambatan kognitif berpengaruh pada penguasaan dari code yang berfungsi informasi transmition. Dalam kegiatan ini menggunakan metode ceramah, diskusi, demonstrasi. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang telah dilakukan yaitu memberikan pemahaman dan keterampilan kepada orangtua mengenai perkembangan bahasa anak dan intervensi dini dalam penanganan pada hambatan yang terjadi pada anak cerebral palsy di Rumah Gadang Cerebral Palsy Sumatera Barat.     Abstract:   The success of communication depends on a combination of contextual factors and individual factors. Individual factors in individual cerebral palsy determine difficulty in communicating, because in addition to difficulty in using sound quality also in general children with cerebral palsy experience cognitive barriers. Cognitive barriers affect the mastery of the code that serves transmition information. In this activity use the method of lectures, discussions, demonstrations. The result of community service activities that have been done is to provide understanding and skills to parents about the development of children's language and early intervention in handling obstacles that occur in children with cerebral palsy in Rumah Gadang Cerebral Palsy West Sumatra.      

scholarly journals Entrepreneurial intention of Bangladeshi students: impact of individual and contextual factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-503
Author(s):  
Md. Uzzal Hossain ◽  
Ahmed Al Asheq ◽  
S. M. Arifuzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Regression Result ◽  
Job Autonomy

This study has investigated the extent to which individual and contextual factors determine the entrepreneurial intention in Bangladesh. Also, this study examined the comparative impact of both individual and contextual factors on entrepreneurial intentions. Sample data (n = 270) have been collected through using a survey questionnaire from a renowned public university of Bangladesh. This study has applied both correlation analysis and hierarchical regression for testing the hypotheses. Total eight hypotheses are tested to examine the influence of seven independent variables on entrepreneurial intentions, in which six factors have been found as significant predictors of entrepreneurial intentions. The correlation analysis revealed that risk-taking, locus of control, self-efficacy, and job autonomy are significantly correlated with entrepreneurial intention at 5% significance level. The regression result indicated that individual factors such as risk-taking, locus of control, self-efficacy, and job autonomy and contextual factors such as social networks and university educational program have positive effect on entrepreneurial intention. The study also found out that individual factors have more influence on entrepreneurial intentions than contextual variables. This paper also offers some implications for academic scholars.

The paradox of communication

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Istvan Kecskes
Keyword(s):  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Situational Contexts ◽  
Communicative Process ◽  
Individual Use ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Linguistic Units ◽  
Dynamic Interplay

Communication is not as smooth a process as current pragmatic theories depict it. In Rapaport’s words “We almost always fail […]. Yet we almost always nearly succeed: This is the paradox of communication” (Rapaport 2003: 402). This paper claims that there is a need for an approach that is able to explain this “bumpy road” by analyzing both the positive and negative features of the communicative process. The paper presents a socio-cognitive approach (SCA) to pragmatics that takes into account both the societal and individual factors including cooperation and egocentrism that, as claimed here, are not antagonistic phenomena in interaction. This approach is considered an alternative to current theories of pragmatics that do not give an adequate account of what really happens in the communicative process. They consider communication an idealistic, cooperation-based, context-dependent process in which speakers are supposed to carefully construct their utterances for the hearer taking into account all contextual factors and hearers do their best to figure out the intentions of the speakers. This approach relies mainly on the positive features of communication including cooperation, rapport and politeness while almost completely ignores the untidy, trial-and-error nature of communication and the importance of prior contexts captured in the individual use of linguistic units. The overemphasis on cooperative, societal, contextual factors has led to disregard individual factors such as egocentrism and salience that are as important contributors to the communicative process as cooperation, context and rapport. The socio-cognitive approach is presented as a theoretical framework to incorporate and reconcile two seemingly antagonistic sides of the communicative process and explain the dynamic interplay of prior and actual situational contexts.

Using Dynamic Contextual Factors to Better Understand the Etiology and Escalation of Stalking Violence

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carleen M. Thompson ◽  
Anna L. Stewart ◽  
Susan M. Dennison
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Violence Risk ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Changes In Risk

Stalking is dynamic, influenced by targets’ reactions and stalkers’ circumstances. Consequently, the risk of violence in stalking cases is likely dynamic. Despite this, dynamic contextual factors have been neglected in stalking violence research. Guided by Thompson’s integrated theoretical model, we investigated key established stalking violence risk factors alongside new dynamic contextual factors in a content analysis of 43 stalking court transcripts from Queensland, Australia. Findings suggest that relying on individual factors in isolation leads to moderate rates of error. Combining risk factors provides a more sophisticated understanding of stalking violence, with dynamic contextual factors playing a pivotal role in understanding changes in risk, including when stalkers with historical and/or static contextual factors pose a higher risk of violence. Findings emphasize the need to look beyond traditional dispositional, historical, and static factors toward new dynamic contextual factors and highlight the importance of contextual factors for violence assessment and prevention strategies.

Factors influencing search engine usage behavior

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Yi Li ◽  
Zhihui Yuan ◽  
Yujie Li ◽  
Jing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Search Engine ◽  
Search Engines ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Negative Experience ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Usage Behavior ◽  
General Search ◽  
Specific Search

We analyzed the effect of individual factors, contextual factors, and perception of search engine advertising on users' search engine usage behavior. The sample comprised 404 Chinese who used search engines in the context of their paid employment. Results showed that (a) perceived search skills and perceived search engine reliance significantly and positively impacted users' general search engine usage, (b) perceived advertising clutter reduced the beneficial effects of perceived search skills on users' general search engine usage, (c) users with higher perceived search engine reliance preferred search engines to other online search methods, and (d) prior negative experience reduced the positive link between perceived search engine reliance and users' specific search engine usage. Our findings suggest that search engine designers and operators should focus on individual and contextual factors influencing search engine usage behavior, and should consider users' perception of advertising on search engine programs.

scholarly journals Individual and Social-Contextual Factors Affecting the Learning and Use of ESL: A Case Study of a Visiting Korean Physician

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Ja Kang
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Learning Opportunities ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Social ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Using Data

This case study examined factors that affected a Korean physician's learning and use of ESL in an English-speaking country, using data from interviews, observations, notebook memos and e-mails. The findings indicated that individual factors- personality (perfectionism and extroversion), occupation, beliefs, and motivation-and social-contextual factors-lack of contact with native speakers and insecurity about speaking English in the presence of other Koreans-influenced the participant's learning and use of ESL. The findings also revealed that the participant's motivation and extroversion played a role in overcoming the social-contextual obstacles limiting learning opportunities, which illustrates interactions between individual and social-contextual factors.

scholarly journals Moderating Effects of Contextual and Individual Factors on the Relationship between Cultural Precedents and Marketing-Related Norms

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Fereshteh Zihagh
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Corporate Culture ◽  
Ethical Leadership ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Product Price ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Relationship

This paper discusses the effect of corporate culture precedents (i.e., job satisfaction, training, organizational justice, and ethical leadership) on marketing norms acceptance or violation (i.e., unethical practices of 4Ps) in an organization. In the analysis of behavior precedents, this paper analyzes the subsequent stage that predicts ethical behavior: corporate culture precedents. Moreover, the proposed model encompasses the moderating effects of contextual (i.e., ethical optimism, organizational factors, and industry factors) and individual (i.e., moral philosophies, demography, and personality traits) factors on the relationship between cultural precedents and marketing norms acceptance. Based on the discussions, the paper offers a set of propositions regarding the impacts of cultural precedents on marketing norms and the moderating roles of individual and contextual factors. Investigating the predictors of engaging in unethical acts in 4Ps leaves room for research since the attention to the topic has not been balanced and except for promotion and advertisement, other marketing mix variables (i.e., product, price, and distribution management) have attracted limited research focus. According to the proposed model, managers should focus on job satisfaction, training, ethical leadership and organizational/distributive justice to increase the chance of acceptance of marketing norms in the organization. Managers should also be aware of the role of moderating factors such as demography and personal traits of the people who they work with. By considering these roles, managers can better implement marketing norms in the organization. Keywords: Ethical Culture, Cultural Precedents, Marketing-Related Norms, Individual Factors, Contextual Factors.

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