scholarly journals Water Consumption in the Belarusian Woodland

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Water Recycling ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Recycling Systems

The paper presents the results of researches of the Belarusian Woodland water consumption over the period from 2000 to 2015. We have made a conclusion about relatively low effectiveness of the water resources use and have shown the necessity of rational water consumption due to introduction of water-saving techniques, water recycling systems, as well as minimization of water losses during transportation.

scholarly journals Study on Double-Level Allocation of Irrigation Water Rights

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinjian Guan ◽  
Qiongying Du ◽  
Wenge Zhang ◽  
Baoyong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Water Rights ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Irrigation District ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Irrigation Districts

Abstract Establishing and perfecting the water rights system is an important way to alleviate the shortage of water resources and realize the optimal allocation of water resources. Agriculture is an important user of water in various water-consumption industries, the confirmation of water rights in irrigation districts to farmers is the inevitable requirement for implementing fine irrigation in agricultural production. In this paper, a double-level water rights allocation model of national canals – farmer households in irrigation district is established. It takes into account the current water consumption of the canal system, the future water-saving potential and the constraint of total amount control at the canal level. It takes into account the asymmetric information of farmer households’ population and irrigation area at the farmer household level. Furthermore, the Gini coefficient method is used to construct the water rights allocation model among farmer households based on the principle of fairness. Finally, Wulanbuhe Irrigation Area in the Hetao Irrigation Area of Inner Mongolia is taken as an example. The results show that the allocated water rights of the national canals in the irrigation district are less than the current because of water-saving measures and water rights of farmer household get compensation or cut respectively. The research has fully tapped the water-saving potential of irrigation districts, refined the distribution of water rights of farmers and can provide a scientific basis for the development of water rights allocation in irrigation districts and water rights transactions between farmers.

The Regulation and Management of Water Resources in Groundwater Over-extraction Area based on ET

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
fawen li ◽  
Wenhui Yan ◽  
Yong Zhao ◽  
Rengui Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Green Water ◽  
Blue Water ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Total Rainfall ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Crop Water Consumption

Abstract Because of the shortage of water resources, the phenomenon of groundwater over-extraction is widespread in many parts of the world, which has become a hot issue to be solved. The traditional idea of water resources management only considering blue water (stream flow) can't meet the demand of sustainable utilization of water resources. Blue water accounts for less than 40% of total rainfall, while green water (evapotranspiration) accounts for more than 60% of total rainfall. In the natural environment, vegetation growth mainly depends on green water, which is often neglected. Obviously, the traditional water resources management without considering green water has obvious deficiencies, which can't really reflect the regional water consumption situation in the water resources management. And only by limiting water consumption can achieve the real water saving. In addition, the mode of water resources development and utilization has changed from "supply according to demand" to "demand according to supply". In this background, for many regions with limited water resources, it is impossible to rely on excessive water intake for development, and sustainable development of regional can only be realized by truly controlling water demand. This paper chooses Shijin Irrigation District in the North China Plain as the research area, where agricultural water consumption is high and groundwater over-extraction is serious, and ecological environment is bad. In order to alleviate this situation, comprehensive regulation of water resources based ET is necessary. Therefore, this paper focuses on the concept of ET water resources management and includes green water into water resources assessment. Based on the principle of water balance, the target ET value of crops in the study area is calculated, and the ET value is taken as the target of water resources regulation. The actual water consumption is calculated by Penman-Monteith formula, and reduction of crop water consumption is obtained according to the difference between actual ET and target ET. The reduction in crop water consumption leads to a reduction in demand for water supply, which reduces groundwater extraction. The results of this study can provide necessary technical support for solving the problem of groundwater over-extraction and realizing real water saving.

scholarly journals Influence of Climate Changes on the State of Water Resources in Poland and Their Usage

Geosciences ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kubiak-Wójcicka ◽  
Sylwia Machula
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Water Abstraction ◽  
State Of Water ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Meteorological Elements

The study aims to estimate the amount of available renewable water resources in Poland in the years 1999–2018 and the extent of their use by various sectors of the national economy at the national and regional levels. In the study period, the selected meteorological elements were found to have changed, resulting in a decrease in the flows of the two largest rivers in Poland: the Vistula and the Oder. The outflow of the Vistula and Odra basins determines the size of Poland’s water resources. Poland is classified as a country of low water resources, as evidenced by the per capita amount of surface water, which in the years 1999–2018 was 1566 m3/capita. Water consumption to meet the needs of the economy and the population was stable, and averaged 283 m3/capita in this period. The analysis of water consumption by region showed that the areas with the lowest annual precipitation consume significant amounts of water for economic purposes, which may limit or destabilise socio-economic development in the region in future. Based on the difference between the amount of precipitation and water losses in the form of evaporation and water abstraction for economic purposes, maps were drawn up showing the deficit of surface water in a dry year. During periods of surface water scarcity, groundwater uptake increases. An area particularly exposed to water scarcity is central Poland.

scholarly journals Issues of assessment of the surface area effect on irrigated water consumption

2021 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 04005
Author(s):  
Adiljan Atajanov ◽  
Ibrahim Khudaev ◽  
Nail Usmanov ◽  
Laziz Babajanov
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Area Effect ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
The Impact

This article focuses on improving water-saving technologies for efficient use of water resources, the development and recommendation of modern irrigation methods, and assessing the impact of surface area on irrigation water consumption.

scholarly journals WATER RESOURCES OF THE RUSSIAN‐KAZAKHSTAN TRANSBOUNDARY REGION AND THEIR USE

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-86
Author(s):  
I. D. Rybkina ◽  
Zh. T. Sivokhip
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Management Problem ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Consumption Structure

Aim. The study is aimed at examining the regional specifics of using water resources in the Russian‐Kazakhstan transboundary region, taking the current hydroclimatic situation into account.Methods. Statistical data on the availability and use of water resources in the regions of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan served as the initial data for the study. A comparative assessment of water supply was carried out applying traditional procedures widely used in Russia and abroad. The following indicators of water use efficiency were used: volumes of circulating and re‐sequential water supply (million m3), water losses during transportation (million m3) and water intensity of the gross regional product (GRP).Results. It was found that, over the past 20 years, a significant transformation of the water consumption structure has taken place in the studied regions. In the Russian regions, the most serious transformation of the consumption structure occurred in the agricultural sector. A comparative assessment of water supply suggests that most regions within the Russian‐Kazakhstan transboundary territory are characterized by relatively high levels of water availability.Main conclusions. The results indicate a significant impact of socio‐economic transformations in the Russian‐Kazakhstan region on the structure of water consumption, water supply, as well as indicators of water resource efficiency. The current water management problem consists in guaranteed provision of the population and economy with fresh water under the conditions of the spatio‐temporal variability of the river flow. Thus, the integrated management of water resources within the Russian‐Kazakhstan transboundary region should be based on improving the effi‐ ciency of water use in all sectors of the water economy, taking modern hydroclimatic changes into account. 

scholarly journals Water-saving processes control of an airport

2018 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 05003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrii Bieliatynskyi ◽  
Liudmyla Osipa ◽  
Bogdan Kornienko
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Technological Systems ◽  
Wastewater Purification ◽  
Logical Scheme ◽  
The Given

This article presents a systematic approach to solving a problem with rational use of an airport’s water resources. Life cycle programming of the technological systems of wastewater purification allowed to consider comprehensively the problem of economical water consumption. The life cycle programming was adopted as the methodological basis for constructing a logical scheme of tasks of an airport’s water-saving processes. On the basis of the proposed logical tasks diagram it became possible to develop an algorithm and software for automatized control over airport’s water-saving processes. The purpose of the work is to implement a systematic approach for control over water-saving production aviation processes of the airport and representation of the developed algorithm for control. It may be concluded that the implementation of the given algorithm on the basis of computer technology will increase the efficiency of wastewater purification and significantly reduce the fresh water consumption.

scholarly journals Water Saving Retrofit Device for Squatting Pan Without Trap

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 02018
Author(s):  
Fangqing Yi ◽  
Danyang Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Simple Structure ◽  
Technology Innovation ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Materials Used

Under the wave of the “toilet revolution” and toilet technology innovation, we started with squatting pan without trap and aimed to achieve the goal of technological innovation and saving water resources by installing water-saving devices on the existing squatting pans. The water-saving reforming device for squatting pans has a simple structure and is easy to install. And the materials used have advanced scientific features. The device can solve the problems of over much water consumption and uncleanness of existing squatting pans. This water-saving device has strong economic value and outstanding environmental performance. Compared with other water-saving solutions, this design takes into account the demands of the entire chain of stakeholders in production, installation and use. Therefore, it can be easily applied and popularized.

scholarly journals Geography of world water consumption: state, dynamics, prospects

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
River Flow ◽  
The State ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Water Factor ◽  
The One

The lack of fresh water is becoming the one of the most threatening challenges to mankind. It is pertinent to solve the problem of finding ways to overcome the impending danger. The features of the allocation of water resources and their use in the modern world are considered. Based on correlation analysis it is shown a relatively high correlation between the population and water resources, on the one hand, and volumes of water consumption, on the other, in the context of different world parts, and the absence of such correlation in the context of individual countries of the world. It describes the state and dynamics of world industrial, communal and domestic water consumption. There are calculations on the forecast of the state of water resources, taking into account the increasing volume of their exploitation, irrevocable water losses and pollution of water sources. It shows that the dynamics of their use leads to a threatening water management imbalance on a global scale. The measures taken toupgrade the water supply systems for population and economy will not lead to an improvement of the situation. It is necessary to find ways of solving the problem on the international level, including organizational, political, economic, and technical aspects. One of such ways is to improve the water consumption territorial structure on a planetary scale based on the strengthening importance of the water factor in the organization of industrial and, in particular, agricultural production. Conclusions: the water factor should become decisive in determining the economic specialization of countries within the framework of the international division of labor. The second way includes the extension of the practice of inter-basin redistribution of river flow with the creation of interregional and international zones of unified water consumption with the appropriate water management complexes.

On the Scenario Simulation of Xinjiang Production of Water Resources Based on the IPAT Model

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 529-535
Author(s):  
Hong Li Zhang ◽  
Yong Qi Guo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Development Scenarios ◽  
Current Water ◽  
Mode Of Development ◽  
Strong Control

This document explains and demonstrates which should be taken in Xinjiang mode of development in the current water shortage situation. Using scenario analysis method and IPAT model（Impact, Population, Affluence, Technolog）, the article demonstrates seven possible development scenarios and analyzes each scenarios for the future use of water resources in oasis. By comparing and analysising, the scenario 4 (accelerated economic growth, adjusting the industrial structure, strengthen water-saving water consumption of the weak control) and the scenario 7 (accelerated economic growth, adjusting the industrial structure, strengthen water-saving water consumption of the strong control) can be the most executive mode. This document will play a positive guiding significance in the actual work of water resources in Xinjiang Oasis on some degree.

USE AND PROTECTION OF WATER RESOURCES OF AZERBAIJAN

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramiz Tagirov ◽  
◽  
Maya Zeynalova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Active Temperature

The article examines the problem of fresh water, since in terms of water supply from its own resources per capita and per 1 km2, the republic is 8 times behind Georgia, 2 times behind Armenia. Significant water consumption in Azerbaijan is caused by its arid territory with a predominance of active temperature and a lack of precipitation, which leads to intensive irrigation of crops. At the same time, artificial irrigation is used on 70% of the cultivated land.

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