scholarly journals Morphometric Indicators and Functional Properties of the Udder of First-Calf Heifers of Different Genotypes

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Б.Т. Кадралиева ◽  
В.И. Косилов
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Group Selection ◽  
Fourth Group ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Milk Flow ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Minimum Depth ◽  
Flow Intensity

Приводятся результаты оценки развития вымени и его функциональных свойств у коров-первотёлок чёрно-пёстрой породы (Iгруппа), голштинов немецкой (II группа) и голландской (III группа) селекции и их помесей: ½ голштин немецкой селекции х ½ чёрно-пёстрая (IV группа), ½ голштин голландской селекции х ½ чёрно-пёстрая (Vгруппа). Установлено, что минимальными показателями вымени отличались коровы I группы, максимальными – IIи III групп, помеси IVи V групп, вследствие проявления эффекта скрещивания, занимали промежуточное положение. Так, коровы-первотёлки чёрно-пёстрой породы I группы уступали сверстницам II–V групп по ширине вымени на 0,72–1,90 см (2,65–7,01%, Р < 0,05), обхвату вымени – на 2,01–4,60 см (1,66–3,79%, Р < 0,05). Минимальной глубиной передних и задних долей вымени отличались коровы-первотёлки I группы. Они уступали сверстницам II–V групп по глубине передних долей вымени на 0,87–2,06 см (3,36–7,94%, Р < 0,05–0,01), задних долей – на 0,58–2,23 см (1,91–7,33%, Р < 0,05–0,01). При этом коровы-первотёлки IIи III групп превосходили сверстниц чёрно-пёстрой породы I группы по уровню удоя соответственно на 2,05 кг (11,60%, Р < 0,01) и 2,47 кг (13,97%, Р < 0,01), помесей IV и V групп – на 0,88 кг (5,03%, Р < 0,05) и 0,47 кг (2,44%, Р < 0,05), 1,58 кг (8,51%, Р < 0,01) и 0,89 кг (4,62%, Р < 0,05). Коровы-первотёлки II и III групп превосходили сверстниц других групп по интенсивности молокоотдачи от 0,02 кг/мин (1,07%, Р < 0,05) до 0,23 кг/мин (13,6%, Р < 0,01). Установлено лидирующее положение коров-первотёлок II и III групп по индексу вымени. Их преимущество над сверстницами I группы составляло соответственно 1,86% (Р < 0,05) и 2,18% (Р < 0,01), помесями IV группы – 0,70% (Р < 0,05) и 1,02% (Р < 0,05), помесями Vгруппы – 0,67% (Р < 0,05) и 0,99% (Р < 0,05). The assessment results of the development of the udder and its functional properties in first-calf heifers of the Black-and-White breed (first group), German Holstein (second group) and Dutch (third group) selection and their crossbreeds are given: ½ German Holstein x ½ Black-and-White (fourth group), ½ Holstein Dutch selection x ½ Black-and-White (fifth group). It was found that cows of the first group differed in the minimum indicators of the udder, the maximum – in the second and third groups, the crossbreeds of the fourth and fifth groups, due to the appearing of the crossing effect, occupied an intermediate position. So, first-calf heifers of the Black-and-White breed of the first group were inferior to their herdmates of the II–V groups in the width of the udder by 0.72–1.90 cm (2.65–7.01%, P < 0.05), the circumference of the udder – by 2.01–4.60 cm (1.66–3.79%, P < 0.05). First-calf heifers of the first group differed in the minimum depth of the front and back udder lobes. They were inferior to herdmates of groups II–V in the depth of front lobes of the udder by 0.87–2.06 cm (3.36–7.94%, P < 0.05–0.01), back lobes – by 0.58–2.23 cm (1.91–7.33%, P < 0.05–0.01). At the same time, first-calf heifers of the second and third groups were superior to the herdmates of the Black-and-White breed of the 1st group in terms of milk yield, respectively by 2.05 kg (11.60%, P < 0.01) and 2.47 kg (13.97%, P < 0.01), crossbreeds of groups IV and V – by 0.88 kg (5.03%, P < 0.05) and 0.47 kg (2.44%, P < 0.05), 1.58 kg (8.51%, P < 0.01) and 0.89 kg (4.62%, P < 0.05). First-calf heifers of second and third groups were superior to their herdmates in other groups in terms of milk flow intensity from 0.02 kg/min (1.07%, P < 0.05) to 0.23 kg/min (13.6%, P < 0.01). The leading position of first-calf heifers of second and third groups in terms of udder index has been established. Their advantage over their herdmates in the first group was, respectively, 1.86% (P < 0.05) and 2.18% (P < 0.01), for crossbreds of fourth group – 0.70% (P < 0.05) and 1.02% (P < 0.05), crossbreds of fifth group – 0.67% (P < 0.05) and 0.99% (P < 0.05).

Population characteristics of daughters of domestic and foreign breeding bulls

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
N. I. Abramova ◽  
◽  
O. L. Khromova ◽  
M. O. Selimyan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Vologda Region ◽  
Breeding Work ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Productive Traits ◽  
Modern Population

The use of foreign-bred bulls leads to changes in the genetic structure of the black-and-white breed population, which affects the level of population characteristics. The study was conducted to study the comparative variability and heritability of productive and reproductive characteristics of daughters of sires of domestic and foreign selection in pedigree livestock 10 250 cows 1st calving modern population of black-motley breed of the Vologda region. The superiority of the offspring of foreign bulls in the average indicators of all the studied traits was established with confidence (P<0,001). There were no significant differences in the level of variability of the characteristics of the descendants of domestic and foreign bulls. According to productive traits, the greatest variability of indicators was established for milk yield for 305 days of the 1st lactation Cv = 17,3 – 17,7%, therefore, selection on this trait will be more effective. The greatest share of the influence of bullsfathers, both domestic and foreign selection, in the total sum of all factors determining the value of traits in the population of the black-and-white breed, is determined by the milk yield of daughters η2 = 0,22 – 0,24, the age of the 1st fruitful insemination and the first calving η2 = 0,24 – 0,25. In further breeding work with the breed, it is necessary to obtain and use domestic producers that exceed the breeding value of foreign bulls.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF DIFFERENT ASSESSMENT METHODS OF BREEDING BULLS OF BLACK-AND-WHITE BREED BY THE OFFSPRING QUALITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 172-177
Author(s):  
E. I. Anisimova E. I. ◽  
◽  
P. S. Katmakov ◽  
A. V. Bushov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Hydraulic Engineering ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Offspring Quality ◽  
Black And White ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Ideal Line

The paper presents results of assessing black-and-white bulls by the quality of the offspring with application of different methods. The evaluation of bulls was carried out with application of the “daughter-mother” method in the conditions of Volzhsky Research Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Land Reclamation. The valuation showed that the bulls Aist 7 and Muscat 8 increased milk yield of daughters, in comparison with mothers, by 951 and 486 kg, or by 26.7 and 12.9%. The rest of the servicing bulls reduced milk yield of the offspring by 46 - 1019 kg (1.1 - 24.7%). When assessing the bulls using the “daughterpeer” method, the highest milk productivity was shown by the descendants of Sazan 25 and Aist 7 of Vis Back Ideal line, which surpassed their peers in milk yield by 273 and 419 kg, or by 3.8 and 5.7%, respectively. The producers Snop 57 (his 17 daughters had average milk yield of 4224 kg for the first lactation with milk fat of 3.80%) and Muscat 8 (with an average milk yield of daughters of 4254 kg , milk fat - 3.83%) are also of significant value for the breeding work of this farm. According to the assessment results, the producer Aist 7 was assigned to the breeding category of A1 of milk yield improvers. Bulls Sazan 25 and Muscat 8 are also rated as daughters’ milk yield improvers and are categorized as A2 and A3. All bulls evaluated by comparing daughters to the breed standards are improvers of daughters’ milk yield (+ 454-1860 kg).

scholarly journals Relationships between Selected Physiological Factors and Milking Parameters for Cows Using a Milking Robot

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2063
Author(s):  
Marian Kuczaj ◽  
Anna Mucha ◽  
Alicja Kowalczyk ◽  
Ryszard Mordak ◽  
Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Cattle Farm ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Milk Flow ◽  
Physiological Variability ◽  
Calving Season ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Daily Milk Yield

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the number and stage of lactations, time of day and calving season of cows on milk yield from a single milking, average milking time, average milking per minute, daily milking frequency and the relationship between the tested parameters of quarter milking. The study included a herd of 65 Polish Holstein Friesian black and white cows used in a free-range barn located in south-west Poland. The animals were kept in proper welfare conditions, fed using the partly mixed ration (PMR) method on the feeding table. The milk was obtained using the Lely-Astronaut A4 Automatic Milking System (AMS). The animals on the dairy cattle farm were used in the range from the first to the seventh lactation, i.e., at the age of 2.0 to approximately 10 years. In this study, the amount of milk yielded from the hind quarters was statistically significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the trait determined for the front quarters. At the same time, the milk flow rate was statistically significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the front quarters compared to the rear quarters. The daily milk yield in right rear (RR) and left rear (LR) hind quarters was higher by 1.0 kg of milk, respectively, than in right front (RF) and left front (LF) fore quarters. The milking time of the RR and LR hind quarters during the day was longer by 104.9 and 128.8 s, respectively, than the RF and LF fore quarters. The milking speed of the RR and LR hind quarters during the day was lower by 0.2 and 1.12 g/s, respectively, than in the RF and LF fore quarters. The values of the correlation between the yields of milk and its components obtained in this study were high and positive. Correlations between the milk yield and the content of its components were negative. The obtained results confirmed that the natural physiological variability of the udder and teats structure, as well as the course of lactation, significantly affects the individual composition and milk flow during milking. The ability to regulate the milk flow by adjusting the appropriate negative pressure during the robot’s operation, in the observed variability of individual lobes of the mammary gland, increases the efficiency of milking and, as a result, reduces the risk of mastitis in cows.

scholarly journals Productivity of fi rst-calf cows of different sire lines

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
A. G. Kolchev
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
White Breed ◽  
High Level ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

The results of the study of milk productivity and lactation rates of fi rst-calf cows are presented. The research into fi rst-calf cows of black-andwhite Holstein breed, belonging to sire lines of Wis Ideal 1013415 and Refl ection Sovereign 198998 was conducted in 2018 in Novosibirsk region. The number of cows under study was 64, the period of the study covered 305 days of lactation. Monitoring of milk production, milk fl ow intensity, fat and protein content was carried out monthly. The research materials were analyzed for groups of cows depending on their sire line and productivity for single and daily milk yield, fat and protein content, and dynamics of milk ejection for the fi rst 3 minutes of milking. The highest daily milk yield in both lines was observed in the second month of lactation. In the fourth and fi fth months of lactation, the average daily milk yield of Refl ection Sovereign cows was signifi cantly higher (р < 0.001) than that of their peers of the Vis Ideal line, by 1.3 kg. During the lactation period, the productivity of the Vis Ideal and Refl ection Sovereign cows was almost the same: milk yield – 8296 and 8220 kg, fat content – 4.02 and 4.06%, protein – 3.36 and 3.35% and milk fl ow intensity – 2.70 and 2.78 kg/min, respectively. In the second and third months of lactation, cows of both lines had a decrease in the content of fat, protein and intensity of milk fl ow with a gradual increase in these indices in the fourth and fi fth months of lactation. First-calf cows of the black-and-white breed of Canadian selection of different sire lines showed a high level of milk productivity and proved to be suitable for further breeding work.

scholarly journals Assessment of selection groups of mature cows of various breeds, differentiated by milk fat

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
A. S. Durov ◽  
V. S. Deeva
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Breeding Group ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
White Breed ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Selection Parameters ◽  
Breeding Groups

The assessment of black-and-white, red steppe, and Simmental cattle, differentiated by milk fat was carried out. Three groups were formed: selection, production and marriage. The selection parameters are calculated using the standard deviation. The calculated parameters of selection of animals of the breeding group for milk fat in adult black-and-white cows are at least 179 kg, red steppe - 186, Simmental breed from the Novosibirsk region - 143, the Republic of Khakassia - 176 kg. Cows of the red steppe breeding group are leading in productivity. Their milk fat index is 216.8 kg (P ≥ 0.95). In animals of the black-and-white breed, the milk fat productivity is 193.2 kg. In the Simmental Republic of Khakassia it is 193.8, in the Novosibirsk region - 163.5 kg. Analysis of interbreed differences in cows of breeding groups shows that animals of the black-and-white breed surpass their peers in chest width behind the shoulder blades, milk yield and milk production index. Animals of the red steppe breed are the best in milk fat, live weight, width in shanks, oblique body length, oblique rear length, chest girth, milk fat content. Simmental cows bred in the Novosibirsk region lead over their peers in height at the withers, and Simmental cows in Khakassia - in height at the sacrum, chest depth, cannon girth, assessment of the exterior. Evaluation of the production groups of animals for milk fat allows to note that the selection group of the black-and-white breed, despite the superiority in milk yield, is inferior to the peers of the red steppe and Simmental in terms of the evaluated character. However, the cows of the black-and-white breed of the production group surpass their peers in milk fat and most other signs. The formation of breeding groups for milk fat enables to note the consolidation of the black-and-white breed in terms of productive and exterior characteristics. The Red Steppe and Simmental breeds have a high potential for improvement. These breeding groups are worthy of competing with the contemporaries of the black-andwhite breed in milk fat productivity.

Influence of the age at the first insemination and live weight on milk productivity of cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
L. L. Petrukhina ◽  
S. L. Belozertseva
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
White Breed

The materials of the long-term (2008–2018) research into the reproductive function of cattle of the black-and-white breed of Baikal type in Irkutsk region are presented. The influence of the age at the first insemination and live weight on cows’ milk productivity, lifelong productivity and productive longevity was studied. The experiment was conducted on the basis of materials from the breeder-farm for breeding cattle of Baikal type on the groups of cows of different ages: up to 14–20 months and older. Cows inseminated at 16 months (7917 kg) had the best milk yield in the first lactation. The largest milk yield was obtained from inseminated cows with live weight of 401-410 kg. Milk production of these heifers was 7902 kg in the first lactation, 8792 kg – in the second and 8710 kg – in the third. It was revealed that age of cows and their live weight at the first successful insemination had a positive effect on the lifelong productivity and productive longevity of cows. Cows whose age at the first successful insemination was 15 or 16 months had a longer duration of productive use (productive life span of animals was 2561–2558 days, respectively). The highest lifelong productivity (34379–34585 kg) was obtained from the cows of this group. The economic efficiency of lifelong milk production was determined depending on the age of the first insemination. The highest lifelong milk productivity was obtained from cows, which were first inseminated at the age of 15–16 months. The largest revenue from sales of additional products was also received from the cows of this group (366,058–370,480 roubles per head). The results obtained allow to develop effective methods for increasing reproductive capacity of cattle.

The correlation between dairy productivity traits in the herd of holsteinized cows of Black and White breed

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
N. Fedoseeva ◽  
V. Usov ◽  
D. Shepinyev
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Mass Fractions ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Coeffi Cients ◽  
Correlation Coeffi

It is important to study the nature of the association between the characteristics of milk productivity in breeding work with cattle. The purpose of the researches was to study the correlation between the traits of milk productivity in the herd of holsteinized cows of Black-and-White breed. A signifi cant low negative correlation r=–0,108 (P < 0,01) and r=–0,125 (P < 0,001) has been found between the traits of milk yield and the mass fractions of fat and protein for the 1st lactation. It should be noted that for the 1st, 2nd lactations and on average for the fi rst three lactations between the mass fractions of fat and protein a reliable average positive correlation has been determined from r=0,512 (P < 0,001) to r=0,565 (P < 0,001), for the 3rd lactation a high positive correlation has been found r=0,613 (P < 0,001). It has been found for all three lactations that milk yield had high, positive and reliable correlation coeffi cients with milk fat yield from r= +0,958 (P < 0,001) to r=+0,974 (P < 0,001) and milk protein yield from r=+0,995 (P < 0,001) to r=+0,997 (P < 0,001). This can serve as an indicator of possible eff ective selection based on these characteristics. In order to determine the infl uence of sires on the content of mass fractions of fat and protein in the milk of their daughters, the degree of correlation of these characteristics has been studied. Correlation coeffi cients between milk yield and fat mass fraction were negatively low from r=–0,139 (P < 0,01) to r=–0,280 (P < 0,05). The correlation between milk yield and protein mass fraction has been found from the average negative value of r=–0,372(P < 0,05) to the positive low indicator – r=+0,234 (P < 0,001). The correlation coeffi cients have been obtained for milk productivity indicate the individual characteristics of individual sires.

Milk productivity of cows of Black-and-White breed depending on the part of Holstein blood

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-29
Author(s):  
T. Shishkina ◽  
T. Guseva ◽  
A. Galiullin ◽  
N. Semikova
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
White Breed ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Economic Use ◽  
Best Parameters

A retrospective analysis of the dynamics of traits of milk productivity of Black-and-White cows with increased the part of Holstein breed blood has been carried out. Two groups have been formed from the number of culling animals of two adjacent generations: the 1st group (basic generation) with the part of Holstein breed blood of 3/4 (75 %) and the 2nd group with the part of Holstein breed blood of 7/8 (87,5 %) per 35 heads in each. As a result, it has been found that cows with the part of blood of 7/8 had the best indicators of milk productivity for I, II and III lactation. They significantly exceeded the indicators of cows with part of Holstein blood of 3/4 in terms of milk yield and yield of milk fat. The decrease in average daily milk yields for months of lactation in high-blooded cows was lower by 3 %, and the indicator of full-competed lactation was higher by 17,8 %. High-blooded animals have been culled out of the herd more intensively. By the end of the third lactation, the livability of livestock in the 1st group was 100 %, and in the second group – 23 %. The best parameters of productive longevity were distinguished by animals of the basic generation with the part of Holstein breed blood of 3/4. They signifi cantly surpassed of high-blooded animals in terms of longevity and period of productive longevity, respectively, by 1109 (P < 0,001) and 739 (P < 0,001) days, and in terms of lifetime milk yield – by 14392 kg (P < 0,001). The increase of the part of the blood of cows to 7/8 was carried out using purebred producers of foreign selection, the new generation of high-blooded animals had a relatively high genetic potential. However, 7/8-blooded cows of Holstein breed used it only by 53,4 %, which was by 24,3 % (P < 0,001) lower than the base generation. Thus, in the current environments of CJSC “Konstantinovo” high-blooded animals of Holstein breed do not suffi ciently realize the genetic potential, and the increase in productivity is associated with the loss of milk due to the decrease in the duration of economic use of animals. Based on this, we propose at the present stage to suspend the upgrading crossbreeding and return to the using Holsteinized sires domestic selection with the part of Holstein breed blood of 75 to 85 %.

EFFICIENCY OF THE USE OF GENETIC POTENTIAL OF SEED BULLS FROM VARIOUS LINES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н.И. ХАЙРУЛЛИНА ◽  
Н.Г. ФЕНЧЕНКО ◽  
Д.Х. ШАМСУТДИНОВ ◽  
Ф.М. ШАГАЛИЕВ
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Holstein Cattle ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Breeding Work ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Purposeful Selection

Проведена оценка по качеству потомства быков-производителей перспективных линий черно-пестрой и голштинской пород на маточном поголовье черно-пестрой породы методом «дочери—сверстницы», что позволило определить лучших племенных животных для планового закрепления в стаде. Результаты исследований показывают, что используемых производителей можно условно разделить на 3 группы: с высокой племенной ценностью (ПЦ) по удою (Набат 209, Кадр 1386, принадлежащих линии Аннас Адема 30587) и МДЖ (Фантик 1550, Валун 1771 — л. Аннас Адема 30587; Дорис 1060 — л. Р. Соверинга 198998 и Корнет 251 — л. Вис Бэк Айдиала 1013415); со средней (Фагот 58, Банкир 109, Корнет 251, Миксер 312 и Жест 1401 — л. Вис Бэк Айдиала 1013415; Девик 6200 — л. Р. Соверинга 198998; Дождь 1839, Зенит 5209 — л. Посейдона 239) и с незначительной ПЦ (Банкир 109, Валун 1771 и Каскад 1596 — л. Вис Бэк Айдиала 1013415, Аннас Адема 305874 и Танталуса 203, соответственно). Наиболее значимыми в племенном отношении как по удою, так и по жиру являются быки-производители черно-пестрой породы линий Аннас Адема 30587 и Посейдона 239 с ПЦ 271,56 и 274,16 кг, 0,02 и 0,05%, соответственно. С целью повышения продуктивных качеств крупного рогатого скота черно-пестрой породы желательно максимально использовать быков-производителей с высокой племенной ценностью, обеспечивающих реализацию генетического потенциала, проявившегося в их потомстве, путем целенаправленной селекционно-племенной работы со стадом. The assessment according to the quality of offspring from the seed bulls of the prospective lines belonging to black-and-white and Holstein cattle breeds was carried out on the pedigree stock of the black-and-white breed using the method of daughter-herdmate allowing to determine which breeding animals are the best for planned settlement in the herd. Research results show that the seed bulls used can be conditionally divided into 3 groups: with high breeding value (BV) in terms of milk yield (Nabat 209, Kadr 1386, belonging to Annas Adema 30587 line) and mJ (Fantik 1550, Valun 1771 — Annas Adema 30587 line; Doris 1060 — R. Sovering 198998 line, and Cornet 251 — Vis Back Ideal 1013415 line); with average (Fagot 58, Bankir 109, Cornet 251, Mixer 312, and Jest 1401 — Vis Back Ideal 1013415 line; Devik 6200 — R. Sovering 198998 line; Dozhd 1839, Zenit 5209 — Poseidon 239 line) and insignificant BV (Bankir 109, Valun 1771, and Cascad 1596 - Vis Back Ideal 1013415, Annas Adema 305874, and Tantalus 203 lines, accordingly). The most significant in breeding terms, both in milk yield and fat, are seed bulls of the black-and-white breed belonging to Annas Adema 30587 and Poseidon 239 lines with the BV of 271.56 and 274.16 kg, 0.02 and 0.05%, accordingly. Using seed bulls with high breeding value ensuring realization of genetic potential seen in their offspring by purposeful selection and breeding work with the herd is preferable for increasing the productive qualities of cattle belonging to black-and-white breed.

ДИНАМИКА МОЛОЧНОЙ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТИ ПЕРВОТЕЛОК ЧЕРНО-ПЕСТРОЙ ПОРОДЫ В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ СПОСОБА СОДЕРЖАНИЯ И СЕЗОНА ОТЕЛА

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. OVODKOV ◽  
Ah.S. DELYAN
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Agricultural Enterprise ◽  
Group I ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Calving Season

Изучено влияние способа содержания и сезона отела на лактационную деятельность голштинизированных коров-первотелок черно-пестрой породы. Исследования проведены в условиях сельскохозяйственного предприятия Тверской области на 4 группах животных: I группа — привязное содержание, летние отелы; II — привязное содержание, зимние отелы; III — беспривязное содержание, летние отелы; IV — беспривязное содержание, зимние отелы. Максимальные удои у коров I, III и IV групп были получены на 3-м мес лактации, II — на 2-м. Удой в I, II, III и IV группах составил, соответственно, 7714, 8717, 7682 и 7930 кг молока за 305 дней лактации. Удой коров за первые 3 мес в % к удою за 305 дней лактаций: I группа — 33,7%, II — 35,8, III — 34,4, IV — 35,9%. Максимальный суточный удой в I группе равнялся 30,8 кг, во II — 36,5, в III —29,7 и в IV — 35,3. Среднесуточный удой за 305 дней лактации в I группе составил 21,2 кг, во II — 23,6, в III группе — 19,4 и в IV группе — 21,7. Коэффициент постоянства лактации в I II III и IV группах равнялся 93,2, 94,2, 89,2 и 98%, соответственно. Независимо от способа содержания более высокие показатели молочной продуктивности и устойчивости лактационной деятельности имели коровы, отелившиеся в зимний период.The influence of the method of keeping and calving season on the lactation activity of Holstein cows-heifers of black-and-white breed is studied. Studies were conducted in the agricultural enterprise of the Tver region on 4 groups of animals: I group — tethered content, summer calving; 2 — tethered content, winter calving; III — loose content, summer calving; 4 — loose content, winter calving. Maximum milk yield in cows I and III and IV groups were obtained on the 3rd month of lactation, the second — at the 2nd. Milk Yield in I, II and III and in IV groups made, respectively, 7714, 8717, 7682 and 7930 kg of milk for 305 days of lactation. Milk yield of cows for the first 3% to milk yield for 305 days of lactation: group I-33,7%, II — 35,8, III-34,4, IV-35,9%. The maximum daily yield in group I was 30.8 kg, in group II — 36.5, in group III — 29.7 and in group IV — 35.3. The average daily yield for 305 days of lactation in group I was 21.2 kg, in group II — 23.6, in group III — 19.4 and in group IV — 21.7. The coefficient of persistence of lactation in I, II, III and IV groups was equal to 93.2 per cent, 94,2, to 89.2 and 98%, respectively. Regardless of the method of maintenance, cows calving in winter had higher indicators of milk productivity and stability of lactation activity.

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