scholarly journals OLD JAVANESE SEATING EQUIPMENT AS DEPICTED ON THE BASE RELIEF OF BOROBUDUR TEMPLE

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
Sumarno ◽  
Sunarmi ◽  
Kusmadi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Products ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Base Section ◽  
The People ◽  
Seat Cushion ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Product Creation

This article describes cultural products related to sitting positions, seating equipment, and sitting accessories of the Old Javanese people as in the reliefs of the base section of the Borobudur temple. The reliefs of the Borobudur temple contain stories, meanings, and reflections of the socio-cultural conditions of the people at the time it was being built. As illustrated, the study reveals the variety of sitting positions, equipment, and accessories during the Old Javanese period. The uniqueness of their seating equipment and sitting accessories can be meaningful as the basis for product creation innovations referring to the culture of the Old Javanese people. The research is conducted by interpreting illustrations of people in their sitting positions, including the seating equipment and sitting accessories. The study is conducted by examining the reliefs at the base of Borobudur temple (kamadhatu), specifically in the karmawibangga story panel, which contains the illustrations of sitting activities, including their equipment and accessories. The proportions of the images of people and equipment on the reliefs of the Borobudur temple are perfect. Therefore, they are used to analyze the characteristics of the seating equipment and sitting accessories. The novelty of the research is the identification and study of the illustrations of the ancient people's sitting positions, seating equipment, and some related accessories depicted on the reliefs of the Borobudur temple. Currently, there are several different types of seating equipment in circulation. It is found that the equipment can be classified as personal and communal with a wide seat. The seating equipment, as classified, can be higher than the knee, at the same height as the knee, lower than the knee, and straight on the ground. It is also revealed that the accessories of the seating equipment are in the form of knee straps, backrest, seat cushion, and footstep.

Impact of Environmental Degradation on Human Health

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
_______ Archana ◽  
Charu Datta ◽  
Pratibha Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The People ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Economic Institute ◽  
Day By Day

Degradation of environment is one of the most serious challenges before the mankind in today’s world. Mankind has been facing a wide range of problem arising out of the degradation of environment. Not only the areas under human inhabitation, but the areas of the planet without human population have also been suffering from these problems. As the population increase day by day, the amenities are not improved simultaneously. With the advancement of science and technologies the needs of human beings has been changing rapidly. As a result different types of environmental problems have been rising. Environmental degradation is a wide- reaching problem and it is likely to influence the health of human population is great. It may be defined the deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources such as air, water, and soil. The destruction of ecosystem and extinction of wildlife. Environmental degradation has occurred due to the recent activities in the field of socio-economic, institute and technology. Poverty still remains a problem as the root of several environmental problems to create awareness among the people about the ill effect of environmental pollution. In the whole research it is clear that all factors of environmental degradation may be reduced through- Framing the new laws on environmental degradation, Environment friend policy, Controlling all the ways and means of noise, air, soil and water pollution, Through growing more and more trees and by adapting the proper sanitation policy.  

Incidence of various dental anomalies in population of Taxilla, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2710-2711
Author(s):  
Saman Malik ◽  
Faiqa Hassan ◽  
Muhammad Farooq ◽  
Usman ul Haq ◽  
Amna Faisal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Dental Radiology ◽  
Dental Anomalies ◽  
Supernumerary Teeth ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Impacted Teeth ◽  
The People ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Different Types

Background: There are different types of teeth anomalies that effects the people of different regional populations. Aim: To determine the occurrence of dental anomalies in patients of Taxila that visit our college for routine dental procedures. Methods: The study was retrospective and was conducted on periapical intraoral radiographs of patients between the ages of 15 to 35 years, with no gender discrimination at Dental College HITEC-IMS. Results: We collected data from 450 periapical intraoral radiographs that were taken in last six months (i.e. 15th January 2021 till 15th July 2021) in dental radiology department. Conclusion: The dental anomalies that were found in the population of taxila were impacted teeth, missing teeth, rotated tooth, supernumerary teeth (mesiodens), root dilacerations, peg lateral, taurodontism and hypercementosis. Keywords: Root anomalies, dental anomalies, periapical radiograph

scholarly journals Four-Wheel Drive System: Architecture, Basic Vehicle Dynamics and Traction*

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bir Armaan Singh Gill ◽  
Mayank Sehdev ◽  
Hardeep Singh
Keyword(s):  
Vehicle Dynamics ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Power Delivery ◽  
Traction Control ◽  
Traction Control System ◽  
The People ◽  
Wheel Drive ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Common ◽  
Four Wheel Drive

Technology has been developing at a very tremendous pace to improve the safety and comfort of the people and when it comes to luxury and comfort, automobiles section is one of the common topic of interest, the most trending among this section is the “Four Wheel Drive (4WD) system” which has become more advanced and sophisticated with time. It has become an essential and appealing part of automobiles in today's era. This system has made the vehicles more secure, both off-road and on-road, enhanced traction of the wheels and power delivery of the engine. With the manipulation in the fundamental structure of a 4WD, various other 4WD options have become available, suiting different types of lifestyle and environment. This paper attempts to explain the different types of 4WD system, their basic structure, basic vehicle dynamics affecting the traction control system and provide a conclusion on various philosophies that the 4WD system adhere.

scholarly journals The Conquest of the New World: The Conflict of Civilizations - The conflict of Rationalities

2018 ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Marina Burgete Ayala
Keyword(s):  
Oral Tradition ◽  
New World ◽  
Clash Of Civilizations ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Mexican Culture ◽  
The People ◽  
Intellectual Traditions ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Different Types

The article examines the conquest of the New World in the focus of interaction of different types of thinking in the clash and conflict of two civilizations, which develop in different ways and which are at different levels of social and economic development. The result of this clash was the destruction of the material, spiritual and intellectual traditions of indigenous cultures that existed on the American continent. The conquest of America is one of the most revealing examples of the clash of civilizations, analyzing which, with particular clarity, one can observe contradictions between different types of world perception. The answer to questions about what kind of knowledge Nahua-speaking people possessed, what role knowledge played in their society, who was the creator, carrier and translator of knowledge about the world, reveals one of the main reasons that led to a rapid and irretrievable destruction of culture of “metaphors and numbers.” The author reveals the role of Catholic monks in preserving the spiritual, scientific and philosophical heritage of the Mexican culture, thanks to which we have the opportunity to touch the thought of the Nahua people, existing not in the form of traditional texts but in the form of an oral tradition, which accompanied visual images of graphic semantic writing. It shows how important the system of education and upbringing in the society of pre-Columbian Mexico was, how it solved the tasks of preparing young people for the performance of social functions. The destruction, as a result of the con- quest, of the system that regulated the daily life of each person and determined the ultimate destiny of the people in the shortest possible time led to the death of the entire civilization.

scholarly journals Graffiti, stempels en tituli picti op amforen

1970 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 101-129
Author(s):  
Patrick Monsieur
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
The South ◽  
Low Countries ◽  
Ancient Economy ◽  
The North ◽  
The People ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Shed Light

In Roman times there was a massive import of olive-oil from Baetica (actualAndalusia) to feed the army at the Limes in Rhineland and Scotland. ThisMediterranean product was transported in large amphorae of the Dressel 20type that bear different types of epigraphy: graffiti, stamps en tituli picti (paintedinscriptions). The Low Countries forming the Hinterland took part inthis commerce, hence the discovery of large amounts of amphora fragments,still bearing regularly epigraphy. This written heritage is not only ill-knownand neglected in the Benelux, but also threatened because of the bad conditionsin which they are collected and stored. The information provided bythese epigraphical sources is of uppermost importance to the knowledge ofthe ancient economy in the Empire, as well in the south as in the north andrepresents an important witness of romanisation. They shed light on the productionof the amphorae and the olive-oil in Baetica, and on its commercialisationto the northern fringes of the Empire, giving at the same time thenames of all the people involved in these activities.

Establishing the Credibility of Social Web Applications

2011 ◽  
pp. 1432-1437
Author(s):  
Pankaj Kamthan
Keyword(s):  
Web 2.0 ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Web ◽  
The People ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Web

In recent years, there has been a steady shift in the nature of Web applications. The vehicle of this transition of Web applications is us, the people. The ability to post photographs or videos, exchange music snippets with peers, and annotate a piece of information, are but a few exemplars of this phenomenon. Indeed, the pseudonym Web 2.0 (O’Reilly, 2005) has been used to describe the apparent “socialization” of the Web. In spite of the significant prospects offered by humancentric Web applications, the mere fact that virtually anyone can set up such applications claiming to sell products and services or upload/post unscrutinized information on a topic as being “definitive,” raises the issues of credibility from a consumers’ viewpoint. Therefore, establishing credibility is essential for an organization’s reputation and for building consumers’ trust. The rest of the article is organized as follows. We first provide the background necessary for later discussion. This is followed by the introduction of a framework within which different types of credibility in the context of human-centric Web applications can be systematically addressed and thereby improved. Next, challenges and directions for future research are outlined. Finally, concluding remarks are given.

Dangerous Aliens, Crisis Constellations, and Information Gaps

2021 ◽  
pp. 96-131
Author(s):  
Nick Vaughan-Williams
Keyword(s):  
Media Representations ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
The People ◽  
Different Types ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Crisis Narratives ◽  
National Governments ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Made In ◽  
Information Gaps

Chapter 4 shifts the analytical focus from elite claims made in the name of ‘the people’ to EU citizens’ vernacular knowledge of migration. Particular emphasis is given to the vernacular knowledge and categories used by citizens to discuss the issue of migration as it is perceived to impact and disrupt their everyday lives, the underpinning assumptions about hierarchies of race and gender used to position citizens in relation to perceptions about different ‘types’ of people on the move, and citizens’ awareness of/support for dominant governmental and media representations of the issue of migration in Europe. As well as offering a map of these contours, the discussion identifies three overriding themes. First, vernacular conversations problematize the notion of a linear transmission between elite crisis narratives and their reception among diverse publics. Second, the claim that elite narratives merely ventriloquize what ‘the people’ think about and want in regard to about migration is challenged by the complexity and nuance of vernacular narratives. Third, EU citizens repeatedly spoke of what they perceived to be a series of ‘information gaps’, which led to a widespread distrust of mainstream politicians and media sources, anxieties about their individual and collective futures, and demands for more detailed, higher quality, and accessible knowledge about migration from the EU, national governments, media sources, and academics. By taking vernacular views and experiences of migration seriously we can better understand how the propagation of misinformation, confusion, and uncertainty among EU citizens set the scene for populist notions of ‘taking back control’ to thrive.

Mobile Customer

2010 ◽  
pp. 84-109
Author(s):  
Gonca Telli Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Marketing Process ◽  
The People ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Purchasing Process

Organizations and people, whenever they need to, aim to fulfill their requirements with suitable products and services. The suppliers of these requirements perform a certain marketing process until the requirement is fulfilled. In this process, first the attributes of the product or service are determined. Various studies are made during the identification of these attributes. These studies are evaluated from the customer’s perspective for conformity to taste, functionality, suitability to place and culture, convenience for budget and time. The purchasing process is concluded upon the final decision of the people or organizations that see the suitability of the product to fulfill their requirements. In this context, the mobile customer tries to cover his or her requirements with the knowledge based on information obtained from the virtual environment, and reaches facts via virtual data, and the customer creates a new structure with different features. This section aims to detail the changing customer structure, the individualization and the experienced changes and considers the transformation of individuals into mobile customers. Generations who depended on products of high-technology development, which show themselves with different aspects, have also brought differences to marketing. They have both changed the production and service approach, and began to benefit from different types of products and services. In addition to other environmental conditions that affect life, human generations who change due to the effects of the means of the age should also be examined in this context.

‘The show of the people’ against the cultural elites: Populism, media and popular culture in Turkey

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 942-957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burak Özçetin
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
The Political ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Cultural Products ◽  
Cultural Artifact ◽  
Justice And Development Party ◽  
The People ◽  
Party Elites ◽  
The Relationship

This article explores the relationship between populism, media and popular culture in Turkey by focusing on a phenomenal historical television series, Diriliş: Ertuğrul, and the discursive spaces opened by the show. The author relies on a symptomatic analysis of populism which conceptualizes the term as an anti-status quo discourse that simplifies the political space by symbolically dividing the society between ‘the people’ and its other, more specifically ‘the elites’. Diriliş is promoted by the Justice and Development Party ( Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi) elite and pro-government media as ‘the show of the people’, and as a cultural artifact belonging to the people. The show has been embraced as an alternative to morally degenerate cultural products of alienated Westernist/Kemalist cultural elites. The Justice and Development Party elites used every opportunity to incorporate the series into its populist political program. The article focuses on a specific crisis moment, ‘The Golden Butterfly Awards 2016’, and the ensuing debates to show how media discourse can resonate with the populist political discourse of a political party.

scholarly journals Mapping Health Opportunity: A Case Study of Dortmund, Germany

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 51-63
Author(s):  
Sushma Bajracharya
Keyword(s):  
Decision Makers ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Neighborhood Conditions ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
People’S Perception ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Physical Features

Health being one of the most important aspects of life, people are much concerned about their health. Because people value their health, today cities are planned considering the health and environment for providing good quality of life. Many studies have shown different effects in health due to interaction with environment. As socioeconomic, environmental and cultural conditions may vary from place to place, people living in different areas in the cities can have different health outcomes. Also, people's perception of such neighborhood conditions can vary which can influence their health. There can be different resources in and around the neighborhood that provide opportunity for its people to perform different health-benefitting activities. Such physical features can be termed as health-related resources or in other words health opportunities. This study was conducted in two different type of neighborhoods in Dortmund, Nordstadt being deprived and Kreuzviertel being affluent. To know which locations people, consider as good or bad for their health, participants who agreed to take part in questionnaire survey were directly asked to point out the places they use and avoid for health-related activities. This study found out different types of health opportunities identified by respondents in Nordstadt and Kreuzviertel. Respondents from Nordstadt mentioned health opportunities inside and outside their neighborhood whereas in Kreuzviertel health opportunities were pointed outside the neighborhood. The information about people's perception on local neighborhood can be taken as useful insights for planners and decision-makers to plan development programs. The research provides an opportunity to formulate policies that address main problems acting as barriers so that people can get maximum benefits from health opportunities. To find out detailed explanations for differences between actual and perceived environmental situation, more in-depth research is needed.

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