scholarly journals Theoretical issues and growth prospects for small businesses in Ukraine

2017 ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Oksana Pukalo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
General Strategy ◽  
Dynamic Component ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Status ◽  
Tax Reporting

In the article, the status of small businesses in Ukraine is analyzed, the factors hindering their growth are identified, and possible ways to address the difficulties in the current business model are suggested. The key functions of small businesses are identified, and some proposals for the inclusion of small enterprises into implementation of the general strategy of economic growth in Ukraine are brought forward. Small businesses are viewed as the most dynamic component within the framework of the national economy and an essential part of the system of economic relations. Small businesses contribute to creating a competitive environment since they are naturally antimonopoly. Small businesses are a leading sector of the market economy which provides the market with goods and services. They are self-contained in performing their operations and managing manufactured goods and profits left after paying taxes and other financial obligations. Therefore, in order to ensure better functioning of small businesses, it is necessary to improve the research agenda on entrepreneurial issues. An important aspect of running a small business is dissemination of best practices through holding conferences, seminars, round tables, forums and international meeting. Given the processes of decentralization, the creation and efficient use of the network of regional and trust funds for supporting entrepreneurship in local communities, and the introduction of an innovative mechanism of credit guarantee and financial assistance are urgent. A key factor hindering the growth of small businesses is a lack of resources, namely, material, technical and financial. It is stressed that for a long time, the development of small businesses has been slowed down by the following negative factors: crisis conditions in the domestic commercial production, price increase, inflation, low paying capacity of the people, corruption. Particularly, the cumbersome system of accounting, financial and tax reporting result in additional costs for enterprises. Other constraining factors for small businesses growth in Ukraine include the imperfect legal and regulatory framework, as well as a labour-intensive process of official registration of small enterprises, which requires significant financial resources. A particular attention is paid to issues related to simplification of regulatory acts in the field of small businesses in order to reduce corruption, improve the investment climate and create conditions for economic growth.

scholarly journals A Critical Appraisal of Goods and Services Tax in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabinarayan Samantara
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
Indian Market ◽  
Tax Base ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Mass Consumption ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Impact

The present paper attempts to make a critical appraisal of Goods and Services Tax (GST), implemented in India from 1st July, 2017. In addition to explaining the structure of GST in India as well as the tax rates under it, the present paper attempts to analyse the impact of GST on certain major industries or sectors within the Indian economy. Although GST has certain obvious advantages including exemptions and low compliance burden for small businesses, lower tax rates for mass consumption goods, increase in tax base and tax collections, etc., it is noteworthy, however, that GST has certain limitations as well. In spite of this, it must be accepted that GST has helped in ensuring a common Indian market through the elimination of multiplicity of taxes as well as ‘ tax on tax ‘. It is expected to accelerate economic growth, help generate more of employment opportunities, and lead to increased tax base as well as increased revenue generation

scholarly journals The Potential For Economic Growth And Carbon Dioxide Emissions Reduction: Using Input-Output Framework

2020 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 01038
Author(s):  
Lihao Sun ◽  
Yuxiang Shen
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Heat Power ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Status ◽  
Emissions Intensity

As people’s living standards continue to ameliorate, people become more and more demanding of the status of eco-environment, and carbon emissions are a key factor affecting the eco-environment. We analyze the carbon emissions intensity and carbon emissions potential of different sectors in China based on the input-output model. The results show that the sector of Production and Supply of Electric Power and Heat Power has the highest embodied carbon emissions intensity because the sector provides the country with necessary electricity and heat power for its economic growth. In addition, this paper determines the key carbon emissions sectors using elasticity method, and the results show that Construction is the most influential carbon emissions sector in the future. By restricting key carbon emissions sectors and encouraging the non-key carbon emissions sectors, we can take into account both economic development and carbon emissions reduction with the multi-objective model. The results show that under the present economic scale of China, carbon emissions can decrease from 11591 million ton to 11011 million ton, with a difference of 580 million ton. This indicates that with the assurance of present economic growth, we can achieve the goal of reducing carbon emissions by adjusting the economic structure. Based on results of this paper, we have also made recommendations for adjusting the economic structure to achieve emission reduction targets.

scholarly journals REASONS FOR THE FORMATION OF THE SHADOW ECONOMY OF UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 121-125
Author(s):  
E. Nikitchenko ◽  
A. Bukhtiarova
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Shadow Economy ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Tax Burden ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Difficult Times

The shadow economy has been an integral part of society since the beginning of economic relations. With each stage of society’s development, it becomes an increasing problem and has more and more destructive consequences. Shadow processes pose a significant threat to the national economy of Ukraine. Besides, this problem is a marker of unresolved issues in the marketplace and its governance structure, as each question has its cause. That is why addressing the shadow economy is such an essential step in improving the country’s economic situation in difficult times of crisis. It is clear that the complete overcoming of shadowing processes is a perfect idea, but still, control over this phenomenon must be of high quality. The primary purpose of the study is to highlight the main factors of shadowing for the active form of tools to combat the shadow economy. During the review of the material, a causal relationship was structured and identified by the topic, and a method for normalizing the shadow economy was developed. It has been found that the shadow economy is the result, a specific socio-economic response to incorrect economic policies. It is also established that the tax burden is one of the leading factors in the transition of part of the company’s activities into the shadows. Improper distribution of the tax burden significantly reduces the competitiveness of small and medium-sized businesses in the goods and services market. It is also concluded that the shadow economy is a particular shock absorber of social inequality, namely the large gap between the poor and the wealthy. Hence, the shadow economy provides lower-priced goods that are more affordable for the poor. It has also been found that corruption also plays a massive role in this issue. It provokes the shadow economy as an effect on social and legal inequality and often the inability of the enterprise to survive without ties to the administrative apparatus. The shadow economy is a reaction to imperfect antitrust policies, where small businesses are less competitive and often cannot enter the market at all. Methods for stabilizing the level of the country’s shadow economy have also been developed and proposed.

scholarly journals The development of small business in the sphere of consumer market and services as a factor of economic growth (on materials of the Republic of Khakassia)

Servis plus ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 78-92
Author(s):  
Елена Кочеткова ◽  
Elena Kochetkova ◽  
Светлана Трусова ◽  
Svetlana Trusova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Consumer Market ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

This article focuses on the nature and role of small business in the sphere of consumer market and services as an important condition of economic growth. The article presents the analysis of the state of small business in the federal subjects of Russia - the Republic of Khakassia, and summarizes its development, the structure of small business by the number of enterprises in different activities. The authors estimate the small business in the sphere of consumer market and services and present the peculiarities and problems of development of entrepreneurial structures in the sphere of consumer market and services at the regional level (on the example of Republic of Khakassia). The consumer market remains one of the most important factors of economic growth in the Republic of Khakassia. The authors determine the factors contributing to the development of small business on regional level and their impact on economic growth. They note that just small businesses do not require large upfront investment and guaranteeing a high rate of turnover of resources and they can most quickly solve the problems of the formation and saturation of market with goods and services. Small businesses can quickly respond to changing consumer demand and thus they can provide the necessary balance in the consumer market. This study is limited to the territory of the Republic of Khakassia, however, the information can be applied and used in other regions of the Russian Federation, as well as in the preparation of textbooks and articles.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF GLOBAL AND RUSSIAN E-COMMERCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (08) ◽  
pp. 973-988
Author(s):  
Iskakova Diana ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Alimasi Mongo Providence
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Online Commerce ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Intensive Development

The intensive development of digital technologies and access to the Internet has transformed the principles of organizing economic relations in the sphere of trade in goods and services. E-Commerce has become one of the most dynamically developing areas in the economy of many countries, but unforeseen circumstances, such as the Covid-2019 pandemic, can probably significantly change the situation with the development of the e-Commerce sector, give the necessary impetus to increase Internet activity and turn the e-Commerce sector into a driver of economic growth in Russia.The article demonstrates the changes that have occurred in the dynamics and structure of international online commerce, describes how the customs preferences have changed under the influence of the pandemic. An adjustment of the estimates of the prospects for the development of global and Russian e-commerce is given.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Social Media Marketing. A Case of Lagos Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-271
Author(s):  
Ikenna Franklin Eze ◽  
Ephias Ruhode ◽  
Chux Iwu
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Social Media Marketing ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The People

Small businesses are drivers of any economy because of their capacity to, among others, provide employment to the people and the owners. Their extinction will greatly affect a nation. This study focused on small enterprises in Lagos, Nigeria and how social media is deployed in them. The study is necessary because most small enterprises in Nigeria do not make it past the first few years of operation. Perhaps the adoption of social media by small businesses in Lagos may create extra opportunities for their growth. A questionnaire was employed to collect data from participants since it was less expensive and allowed for huge amounts of data to be gathered in a short amount of time. This study shows that the majority of small enterprises in Nigeria employ social media to promote their goods and services. Most business owners confirmed that the platform is efficient when applied in business. The findings also reveal that some enterprise owners are still yet to implement social media marketing into their advertising plans. Some implications and recommendations are flagged.

scholarly journals Simplified Taxation System: To Save the Small Business in Lockdown Conditions in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (514) ◽  
pp. 361-370
Author(s):  
N. V. Rudyk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Alternative Measure ◽  
Tax Revenues ◽  
Single Tax ◽  
The Status ◽  
Local Budget ◽  
Taxation System

The value of small business for the economy and the need to stimulate it in lockdown conditions remains an unchanged position both at the level of the scientific community and at the level of public administration. The situation with the pandemic not only complicated the conditions of functioning of small and medium-sized businesses (hereinafter referred to as SMEs), but also justified the need for its support as a non-alternative measure for stabilization of the unemployment rate in the country, the possibility of effective operation and self-reliance at local levels of the budget system, specially, local budgets. The status and conditions of SME functioning, its importance in the structure of local budget revenues are researched. Changes in the tendencies as to the volumes and structure of tax revenues of local budgets are defined. The dynamics of tax revenues to local budgets is analyzed in order to determine the budget-forming taxes. The key factors of influence on the revenue part of local budgets are systematized as follows: economic, political and legal, demographic, socio-cultural. The emphasis is placed on modern trends in the functioning of SMEs, financial relations between the State at the level of local budgets and SME entities. The analysis of the implementation of plans and the planned task of tax revenues to local budgets is carried out and the value of small businesses in the structure of sales of products is determined. The dynamics of financial results before taxation of small enterprises is determined, which substantiates their higher productivity and maneuverability in the conditions of instability. A study of the dependence between the level of tax revenues to local budgets from a single tax and the productivity of small enterprises and individual entrepreneurs proves the author’s position on the need to use a simplified taxation system as a measure to preserve the viability of small businesses in lockdown conditions in order to stabilize the economy at the local level. The importance of SMEs in the employment structure in terms of enterprises by their size proves the need to stimulate entrepreneurship in the face of global instability.

scholarly journals A Theoretical Review on the Status and Trend of Exports (Goods and Services) and Investments (Foreign and Domestic) in Assam and North-East India and their Untapped Impact on the Economic Growth of the Region: The Story so far

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-377
Author(s):  
Rashmita Barua ◽  
Banik G G
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
North East India ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
North East ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Geographic Remoteness

A number of studies reveal that export expansion is widely regarded as a means to attain higher rate of economic growth. In a dynamic setting, trade usually enhances technological up-gradation, higher rates of productivity, attracts inward investment and facilitates economic growth. One of the most viable development strategies for a country‟s economic success is to find its own niche in the global marketplace, which means to be able to tap the demands of the world economy. Many developing countries have been trying to overcome a dismal economic situation by promoting international trade. In these efforts, exports have been viewed as an „engine‟ ofeconomic growth. With the emergence of the World Trade Organization, the institutional framework for freer multilateral movement of goods and services has been strengthened. Although the Indian Economy has been benefited from the time new economic reforms were initiated since 1991, North-Eastern Region still remains to be far from the purview of India‟s rapid development. With its geographical remoteness, inherent deficiency in infrastructure and the bad publicity for recurrent ethnic strife and militant activities, the region obviously could not become an attractive destination for private and foreign capital investment. But in this period of globalization, where closer cross-border economic ties are being speeding up in many parts of the world, border trade has come to be looked upon with a lot of expectation in this region to break free from the shackles of geographic remoteness. Given the natural and human resource potential of Assam, the need for higher growth has recently been felt by various sections of the people as well as the State and Central Governments.

scholarly journals SMALL ENTERPRISES: KEY SOURCE OF EMPLOYMENT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Tihomir Spremo ◽  
Jelena Mićić
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic

Small enterprises, within the market economy, are initiators of economic development and an important part of every national economy. Due to the nature of private property, entrepreneurial spirit, flexibility and adaptability, as well as their potential to react to the challenges and turbulences in the environment, small businesses give a special contribution to economic growth and higher employment. Entrepreneurship and small business represent a significant and fundamental source for creation of new jobs and expansion of new business practices by providing a significant contribution to economic growth. This applies both to small businesses in the Republic of Srpska and the ones that are located anywhere in the world. The role of small enterprises is especially important in transition countries. During the global economic crisis, small businesses have, both in developed economies, and in the Republic of Srpska and BiH as a whole, proved to be resilient, although this period was characterized by a very poor business environment. The importance of entrepre-neurship and small firms in developing national economies are often the subject of professional and empirical discussion. However, recent developments have further confirmed the views that small businesses, in dealing with all the negativities of poor business environment in times of crisis, more quickly adapt to changes compared to larger enterprises and companies. This quality of small enterprises gives enough reason to pay special attention to the theoretical and practical aspects of this phenomenon, in order to make appropriate business decisions and implementation of development policy as a more efficient model for faster economic development of the national economy. The subject of this paper is to define the importance of small businesses in the economic growth of developed and developing countries. Through researching analyses, this paper examines the role and importance of small enterprises in economies of the European Union (EU) member states and the Republic of Srpska and BiH, especially regarding its influence on the employment growth and added value in a period of economic crisis and post-crisis years. This paper aims to explore and emphasize the interdependence between growth of small firms and new added values, reviewing economic development and employment in both developed and economies in transition. This paper attempts to present the importance of effects of analyzed economic indicators as a result of small enterprises in two separate periods (the period of global crisis and post-crisis period) and provide guidance and recommendations to policy makers on economic role of small firms in macroeconomic stability of the economy.

scholarly journals IMPROVING THE TAX REPORTING PROCESS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Lyzunova ◽  
Nataliia Podluzhna ◽  
Ella Prydatko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Regulatory Authorities ◽  
Reporting Process ◽  
Tax Reporting ◽  
Taxation System ◽  
Negative Factors

The activities of each government should be aimed at ensuring decent living conditions and meeting the needs of the population. Taxation is one of the main tools for regulating economic relations between the state and economic entities and citizens. The article examines the economic factors that affect the processes of taxation of enterprises in Ukraine and European countries, the range of problems that taxpayers face when submitting reports to the regulatory authorities has been established. The article examines the problem related to the taxation of enterprises, with the process of submitting tax reports to regulatory authorities.. It is revealed that moderate taxation is typical for most countries today. This is the result of a tax policy whose priority is to achieve the goal of creating a stable economic growth, a favorable tax climate for the development of economic activities and effective solutions to social problems in the state. The article analyzes the features of the taxation system of enterprises in other countries, compares the results of recent research and publications in this area, which are offered by foreign and domestic experts. The main directions of the policy aimed at overcoming negative factors that hinder the development of enterprises are established, and ways of solving problems.

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