The effect of light intensity of blinking LED toward coral fishes catch of trap in the waters of Ternate Island

Using blinking Light Emiting Diode (LED) could increase the fishing power of bottom traps. The objective of this research was to study the effect of light intensity of LED (blinking lamp) inside the trap and moon phase toward the capture of coral fishes. Three light intensities of LED were used: 35 lux (2 LED), 70 lux (4 LED), 105 lux (6 LED) and one without blinking lamp as a control. Catch data were collected using 12 units of bottom traps operating in coral waters of Ternate Island at depths around 5 to 7 m.Data analysis wasdone based on randomized block design. The catch was 181 fish in total comprising 12 families, 17 genera and 28 species. Analysis of variance showed that using different light intensity of LED on bottom traps and different moon phase caused highly significant effect in catch. Least significant differences test showed that using light intensity 105 lux (6 LED) inside the trap is not significant in catch to 70 lux (4 LED), but highly significant to 35 lux (2 LED) and control. Light intensity 70 lux (4 LED) is not significant in catch to 35 lux (2 LED), but highly significant to control. There was no significant difference between light intensity 70 lux (4 LED) and control. Catch of trap could increase when using higher light intensity of blinking lamp (LED) and the catch of trap also increase when operated around dark moon. It is better to use high light intensity of blinking lamp (105 lux) inside the trap, and operated in dark moon to catch coral fishes© Penggunaan lampu LED (Ligh Emiting Diode) berkedip didalam bubu diduga dapat meningkatkan kemampuan tangkap. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh intensitas cahaya lampu LED berkedip di dalam bubu dan fase umur bulan terhadap hasil tangkapan ikan-ikan karang. Tiga jenis intensitas cahaya lampu yang digunakan, yaitu 35 lux (2 LED), 70 lux (4 LED), 105 lux (6 LED), dan lampu LED tanpa berkedip sebagai kontrol. Data dikumpulkan dengan mengoperasikan 12 unit bubu di perairan karang Pulau Ternate pada kedalaman sekitar 5–7 m; dan dianalisis berdasarkan Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Hasil tangkapan total sebanyak 181 ekor; terdiri dari 15 famili, 25 genus, dan 35 jenis. Analisis sidik ragam menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan intensitas cahaya lampu LED dalam bubu dan perbedaan fase umur bulan berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap hasil tangkapan. Hasil uji BNT untuk perlakuan menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan lampu 6 LED (105 lux) pada bubu tidak berbeda nyata dengan penggunaan lampu 4 LED (70 lux) tetapi berbeda sangat nyata dengan penggunaan lampu 2 LED (35 lux) dan Kontrol. Demikian juga lampu 4 LED tidak berbeda nyata dengan lampu 2 LED tetapi berbeda sangat nyata dengan Kontrol; sedangkan antara lampu 2 LED dan Kontrol tidak ada perbedaan yang nyata. Hasil tangkapan bubu meningkat ketika menggunakan lampu kedip dengan intensitas yang lebih tinggi; dan dioperasikan pada saat bulan gelap. Sebaiknya menggunakan lampu LED berkedip 105 lux dan dioperasikan saat bulan gelap untuk menangkap ikan-ikan karang dengan bubu©

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EFIKASI HERBISIDA ISOPROPILAMINA GLIFOSAT 240 g l-1 TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN GULMA DI PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) TANAMAN MENGHASILKAN

Inovasi Pembangunan : Jurnal Kelitbangan ◽

10.35450/jip.v9i02.228 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (02) ◽

pp. 189

Author(s):

Wasri Yaman

Keyword(s):

Oil Palm ◽

Elaeis Guineensis ◽

Block Design ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Homogeneity Of Variance ◽

Glyphosate Herbicide ◽

Elaeis Guineensis Jacq ◽

Plantation Crops ◽

And Control

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Is one of the most widely cultivated plantation crops in Indonesia. The decrease in productivity of oil palm is caused by presence of weeds around the plant that can be controled. One of the most commonly used controls is the use of the isopropylamine glyphosate herbicide. This research aims to determine the dosage of the Isopropylamine glyphosate herbicide which is oil palm yields. Determining changes in weed composition after application of Isopropylamine glyphosate herbicide in oil palm yields. Determining whether phytotoxicity occurs in oil palm yields after application of the Isopropylamine glyphosate herbicide. This research was conducted in oil palm plantations owned by farmers in Jontor Kenangasari Village, Seputih Surabaya District, Central Lampung Regency and the Weed Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung, Gedong Meneng, Bandar Lampung. The research was conducted using a randomized block design (RBD) with 6 treatments and 4 replications, namely various doses of isopropylamine glyphosate (360, 600, 480, and 720 g ha-1), manual weeding, and control. Homogeneity of variance was tested using the Bartlet test, additivity was tested by the Tukey test, and the mean difference was tested by the Least Significant Difference Test (LSD) at the 5% level. The results showed that: (1) The isopropylamine glyphosate herbicide dose of 480-720 g ha-1 is effective in controlling total weeds, grasses weeds, Brachiaria mutica weeds and Mikania micrantha weeds up to 12 MSA and the herbicide dose of 600-720 g ha-1 is effective in controlling wide leaf weeds, and Cyrtococcum acrescens weeds up to 8 MSA, (2) The isopropylamine glyphosate herbicide 360- 720 g ha-1 causes changes in weed composition at 4, 8, and 12 MSA, and (3) Application of the isopropylamine glyphosate herbicide 360 - 720 g ha-1 on plant plates did not cause poisoning to oil palm plants.

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Do Breathing Techniques Enhance the Effect of Massage Therapy in Reducing the Length of Labor or not? a Randomized Clinical Trial

Journal of Caring Sciences ◽

10.15171/jcs.2019.036 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 257-263

Author(s):

Arezoo Haseli ◽

Ashraf Ghiasi ◽

Mozhgan Hashemzadeh

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Active Phase ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Breathing Exercises ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Breathing Techniques ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Abdominal Massage ◽

And Control

Introduction: Prolonged labor is a common birth complication that is associated with some negative maternal and fetal effects. The aims of this study were 1) to evaluate the effect of effleurage abdominal massage and 2) to assess the effects size of breathing techniques with massage on the length of labor. Methods: This study was a randomized trial with concealed allocation, assessor blinding for some outcomes and intent-to-treat analysis. Primiparous women (n=117) age 18-35 years who were randomly assigned to three groups; abdominal massage (n=37), abdominal massage with breathing technique (n=38) and control (n=42). Although it was randomized block design with the allocation ratio 1:1:1 but soon after the sample was withdrawn in labor, another was replaced. Experimental groups’ participants received a 30-min effleurage abdominal massage during the active and transitional phases of labor. Particular breathing techniques in each stage of labor were done. Data were analyzed using SPSS ver.13. Results: Duration of the active phase was 244.89(83.30) min in the massage, 254(68.55) min in massage with breathing and 312.07(67.17) min in control group, which was significantly different between the massage and control groups (P<0.001, Min Diff; -67.18), as well as massage with breathing and control groups (P=0.003, Min Diff; -9.63). The Scheffe test showed no significant difference between the two experimental groups. Conclusion: Effleurage abdominal massages decrease length of active phase on labor, but the learning of breathing techniques in labor couldn’t enhance this effect of massage, so it is likely that breathing exercises may be considered during pregnancy.

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Performance and carcass of local rabbit (Lepus nigricollis) fed concentrate on different levels based on carrot leaf waste (Daucus carota L.)

International Journal of Life Sciences ◽

10.29332/ijls.v2n3.189 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 13-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

I Made Nuriyasa ◽

E. Puspani ◽

W. Sayang Yupardhi

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Daucus Carota ◽

Block Design ◽

Carcass Weight ◽

Daucus Carota L ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

And Control ◽

Different Levels

Research about the performance of local rabbit fed different level of concentrate based on Daucus carota L.was conducted for 12 weeks at Dajan Peken Village, Tabanan District, Tabanan Regency. The research design used was Randomized Block Design with 5 replicates. The animals were allocated randomly into 4 treatments i.e. control ration carrot leaf (Daucus carota L.) (R0), control ration with 10 g concentrate/head/day (R1), control ration with 20 g concentrate/head/day (R2) and control ration with 30 g concentrate/head/day (R3). Daucus carota L. and drinking water offered ad libitum. Results of the research showed that performance of the animals fed control ration with 30 g concentrate/head/day (R3) was higher (P < 0.05) than that R0 (control) and other treatments. Carcass weight, meat, and fat of the animals fed ration R0 was lower (P < 0.05) compare to treatment R1, R2, and R3. There was no significant difference (P >0.05) to variables of carcass weight, bone weight, and meat bone ratio among R0, R1, R2, and R3 percentages. It could be concluded that the animals fed Daucus carota L. as basic ration that was supplemented with concentrate 30 g/head/day produced higher performance and carcass compare to the animals supplemented 20 g/head/day and 10 g/head/day.

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Efikasi Herbisida Atrazin terhadap Gulma Umum pada Lahan Budidaya Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.)

Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan ◽

10.25181/jppt.v15i1.106 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mustajab Mustajab ◽

Dad R. J. Sembodo ◽

Herawati Hamim

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Block Design ◽

Agricultural Technology ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Bartlett Test ◽

Homogeneity Of Variance ◽

The Common ◽

And Control

The objective of this research was to know the efficacy of atrazine herbicide to control the common weed in maize (Zea mays L.) field and how was the phytotoxicity to maize (Zea mays L.) plant. The research was conducted in the Institute for Agricultural Technology assessment (BPTP), Natar Experimental Field, South Lampung regency with ultisol soil type and Weeds Laboratory Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung, from June to September 2013. The experiment was arranged in Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with six treatments and four replications. The treatments are atrazine herbicide at 1.2, 1.6, 2.0, and 2.4 kg ha-1, mechanic weeding, and control. Homogeneity of variance was tested by Bartlett test and additivitty tested by Tukey's test, the comparison of mean were tested by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at 5% level. The result showed that (1). Atrazine herbicide at 1.2 – 2.4 kg ha-1 could suppress total weed until 6 Week After Treatment (WAT). (2) Atrazine herbicide at 1.2–2.4 kg ha-1 could suppress broadleaves and grasses weed until 6 WAT. (3) Atrazine herbicide did not cause phytotoxicity symptoms to the maize (Zea mays L.).plant. Keywords: Weed, Efficacy, Atrazine, Maize

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A Study of Light Intensity and Fertilizer on Soybean in Albizia chinensis Agroforestry System

Sains Tanah - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology ◽

10.20961/stjssa.v16i1.25872 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 46

Author(s):

Zulfikar Affandi ◽

Djoko Purnomo ◽

Supriyono Supriyono

Keyword(s):

Light Intensity ◽

Block Design ◽

Agroforestry System ◽

High Light Intensity ◽

High Light ◽

Low Light ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Open Land ◽

Main Plot ◽

Four Levels

One of the efforts to solve the decreasing of agriculture land area caused by land use change is through agroforestry system (AF), such as the cultivation among the Albizia chinensis trees. This research, along with the experiment, aims at studying the light characteristic of 1.5 years oldAlbizia c and the effect of fertilization on the growth of soybean and testing the soybean yield of Dega 1 varieties in agroforestry system based on Albizia c. Using the split-plot Randomized Block Design (RBD) as the experiment, the intensity of light was employed as the main plot whereas the fertilizer was used as the subplot in this study. There were four levels of light intensity: land with high light intensity (lands outside AF), rather high light intensity (radiation transmission fraction (RTF) among Albizia c 1425 ha-1 density), medium-high light intensity (RTF among 2850 Albizia c density with pruned canopy), rather low light intensity (RTF among 2850 Albizia c density with unpruned canopy). As the subplot were some various fertilizers such as Albizia c litter, Albizia c litter + phosphorus (P) + potassium (K), and without any fertilization. Totally 12 treatments were obtained and each of those treatments was replicated three times, consequently consisting of 36 experiment units. The result of this research shows that Albizia c was exceedingly potential for the soybean cultivation with AF system. The passing light under the canopy (RTF) depended on the distance between each tree and could be improved by pruning the canopy. The increasing RTF increased vegetative and generative growth. The highest soybean production (3.3 tons ha-1) could be achieved in 2850 trees ha-1 density with pruned canopy (RTF: 49% equals to 28440 lux) compared with biomass production in open land (3.9 tons ha-1).

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Kadar Hematokrit dan Hemoglobin Ikan Sapu-sapu (Pterygoplichthys pardalis) Terpapar Logam Berat Merkuri Klorida

Jurnal Protobiont ◽

10.26418/protobiont.v7i3.29085 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Siti Anikha Idzni Junardi Diah Wulandari Rousdy

Keyword(s):

Design Method ◽

Block Design ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Mercury Chloride ◽

Hematological Disorders ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control ◽

Hematological Tests

Mercury chloride (HgCl2) is one of the heavy metals that are harmful to the environment and can accumulate in aquatic organisms, such as Sucker Mouth Catfish, Pterygoplichtys pardalis. The purpose of this study was to analyze the damage of the hematocrite values and hemoglobin of P. pardalis exposed to mercury chloride. This study used a Randomized Block Design method with 54 male fish and six treatment groups, namely Control (0 ppm); P1 (0.01 ppm); P2 (0.02 ppm); P3 (0.04 ppm); P4 (0.08 ppm); P5 (0.16 ppm). Hematological tests showed a significant difference between treatment and control, while the different hemoglobin values with controls only at a concentration of 0.16 ppm. Mercury chloride causes damage to hematological disorders in P. pardalis

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Karakteristik Iklim Mikro Dan Produksi Jagung Manis Pada Beberapa Sistem Tanam

Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan ◽

10.25181/jppt.v16i2.100 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Risa Wentasari ◽

Rizka Novi Sesanti

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Light Intensity ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

Block Design ◽

Light Interception ◽

The Other ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Planting System

The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of the micro-climate(temperature, humidity, and light intensity) and the production of sweet corn on a sigle row,doble row, twin row, and Twin seed planting system. This study was conducted in anexperimental garden of Politeknik Negeri Lampung, Hajimena South Lampung, in July-September, 2015. This study is based on randomized block design with one factor croppingsystem consists of 4 treatment ie : Sigle Row (SR) (20cm x 75cm), Doble Row ( DR ) (20cm x20cm x 80 cm), Twin Row (TR) (20cm x 10cm x 80 cm) , and Twin Seed (TS) with plantSpacing (40cm x 75cm 2 seed in one planting hole). Parameter observations of this studyconsisted of (1) micro-climate (temperature (oC), relative humidity (RH %) and Interceptionof Light (%) ) and (2)production (corn length (cm) , corn diameter (m ) and Corn weights(grams). The data were analyzed using the F test at 1 % and 5 % level and than followed bytest BNT. The conclusion of this study were (1) The characteristics of the microclimate : a)There is a noticeable difference in the temperature of the top of the current crop of 4 mst andat 9 mst there is a significant difference in the temperature of the bottom , where SR has adifferent temperature involves the other b) All systems planting has a relative humidity (%)were not significantly different , and c ) there is a difference light interception ( % ) duringthe day when 4 mst , where the twins seed has a light interception is different from othertreatments and there is a difference light interception during 9 mst where sigle row has adifferent light interception to other treatments. (2) The production of sweet corn on thetreatment SR, DR, TR and TS were not significantly different and has a weight of corn (SR =354.8 grams, DR = 316.5 grams, 328.5 grams TR and TS = 325.4 grams) same withdescription bonanza varieties (270-300 grams).Keywords : Cropping Systems , Micro Climate , Production

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Efikasi Herbisida Campuran Atrazin Dan Mesotrion Untuk Mengendalikan Gulma Pada Budidaya Tanaman Jagung ( Zea Mays L.)

Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan ◽

10.25181/jppt.v16i1.72 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Dera Fungky Ellezandi ◽

Dad R.J. Sembodo ◽

Herawati Hamim

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Block Design ◽

Cyperus Rotundus ◽

Commelina Benghalensis ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Bartlett Test ◽

Dose Combination ◽

And Control

Maize (Zea mays L ) is the most important food crops in the world beside rice and wheat. Weeds are one factor cause decrease productivity of maize. The objectives of this research were to know of dose combination atrazine and mesotrione herbicide to control the weed in maize field and how was the atrazine and mesotrione effect to maize. The research was conducted in Natar, South Lampung and Weeds Laboratory Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung, from December 2014 to April 2015. The experiment was arranged in Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with six treatments and four replications. The treatments are combination atrazine and mesotrion herbicide rates at 500+50; 750+75; 1000+100; 1250+125; and 1500+150 g ha-1, mechanical weeding, and control. Homogenity of variance was tested by Bartlett test and additivitty tested by Tukey's test, the comparison of mean were tested by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at 5% level. The result showed that (1) Atrazine and mesotrione herbicide at 500+50 until 1500+150 g ha-could suppress total, sedges, Cyperus rotundus and Celosia argenthea weed at 3 Weeks After Treatment (WAT), whereas at 6 WAT couldn’t suppress weeds. (2) Atrazine and mesotrione herbicide at 500+50 until 1500+150 g ha-could suppress broadleaves, Richardia brasiliensis and Commelina benghalensis weeds until 6 WAT. (3) Atrazine and mesotrione herbicide at 500+50 until 1500+150 g ha-couldn’t suppress grasses and Rottboellia exaltata weed until 6 WAT (4) Atrazine and mesotrione herbicide does not affect the growth and production of maize. Key words: Weed, Efficacy, Atrazine, Mesotrione, Maize

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Caracterização da Peneira Média em Clones de Coffea canephora

REVISTA FIMCA ◽

10.37157/fimca.v5i2.58 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 28-31

Author(s):

Darlan Darlan Sanches Barbosa Alves ◽

Victor Mouzinho Spinelli ◽

Marcos Santana Moraes ◽

Carolina Augusto De Souza ◽

Rodrigo da Silva Ribeiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Improvement ◽

Block Design ◽

Coffea Canephora ◽

Coffee Production ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

Four Blocks ◽

Selection Of

Introdução: O estado de Rondônia se destaca como tradicional produtor de café, sendo o segundo maior produtor brasileiro de C. canephora. No melhoramento genético de C. canephora, a seleção de plantas de elevada peneira média está associada à bebida de qualidade superior. Objetivos: O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a variabilidade genética de clones de C. canephora para o tamanho dos grãos, mensurado a partir da avaliação da peneira média (PM). Materiais e Métodos: Para isso, foi conduzido ao longo de dois anos agrícolas experimento no campo experimental da Embrapa no município de Ouro Preto do Oeste-RO, para a avaliação da peneira média de 130 genótipos (clones) com características das variedades botânicas Conilon, Robusta e híbridos intervarietais. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições de quatro plantas por parcela. Resultados: Não houve resultados significativos para a interação clones X anos, indicando uma maior consistência no comportamento das plantas ao longo do tempo. Porém foram observadas diferenças significativas para o tamanho dos grãos entre os genótipos avaliados, possibilitando selecionar genótipos superiores. Conclusão: Os genótipos agruparam-se em cinco classes de acordo com o teste de média, subsidiando a caracterização de um gradiente de variabilidade da característica avaliada ABSTRACTIntroduction: Coffea canephora accounts for approximately 35% of the world's coffee production. The state of Rondônia stands out as a traditional coffee producer, being the second largest Brazilian producer of C. canephora. In the classical genetic improvement of C. anephora, the selection of plants of high average sieve is associated with a drink of superior quality. Objectives: The objective of this udy was to evaluate the genetic variability of Coffea canephora clones for the agronomic medium sieve (PM). Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted in the experimental field of Embrapa, municipality of OuroPreto do Oeste-RO, located at coordinates 10º44'53 "S and 62º12'57". One hundred thirty genotypes (clones) of botanical characteristics Conilon, Robusta and intervarietal hybrids were evaluated in the agricultural years 2013-2014 and 2014-2015. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four blocks and four plants per plot, spacing 3.5 x 1.5 meters between plants. Results: Significant difference was found for the grain size. According to the F test, at 5% probability, the genotypes were grouped into five classes according to the mean test. Conclusion: The results obtained subsidized the characterization of a variability gradient of the evaluated trait.

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The Effect of Stem Segment Cuttings of Robusta Coffee (Coffea canephora) on Growth of Root and Leaf Sprout

Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development ◽

10.18488/journal.ajard.2021.111.28.34 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 28-34

Author(s):

Bistok Hasiholan Simanjuntak ◽

Devi Kusuma Wardani

Keyword(s):

Leaf Growth ◽

Block Design ◽

Experimental Treatment ◽

Coffea Canephora ◽

Stem Segment ◽

Significance Level ◽

Robusta Coffee ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Honestly Significant Difference ◽

Significant Difference

Robusta coffee plant propagation is recommended to be performed by vegetative methods, one of which is cuttings. Among plant organs that can be used for cuttings is the stem. The research objective was to determine which stem segment from cuttings was able to provide the best root and leaf growth. The layout study used a completely randomized block design (RBD) with an experimental treatment consisting of five stem segments, namely (1) the first stem segment from the upper shoot (A); (2) the second stem segment from the upper shoot (B); (3) the third stem segment from the upper shoot (C); (4) the fourth stem segment from the upper shoot (D); and (5) the fifth stem segment from the upper shoot (E); each treatment had five replications. Data analysis was performed statistically with analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's HSD (honestly significant difference) test with a significance level of P < 0.05. Robusta coffee cuttings stems from the second stem segment from the upper shoot were able to provide the optimal root growth (root length) and shoot growth (leaf sprout height and leaf sprout growth rate). Leaf sprout number derived from the cuttings was not affected by the stem segment.

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