scholarly journals Histological Observation Of Milkfish Organs With Stunting Phenomenon

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aris ◽  
Sudirto Malan
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Gill Tissue ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Chanos Chanos ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Live Bait

Milkfish (Chanos chanos) is an important economic fish. Milkfish is widely consumed because it has high nutritional value. Milkfish is also used as live bait for fishing. In the milkfish cultivation system, increasing production is a very important factor. One of the efforts to increase production in fish farming systems is the application of high stocking density. Constraints to the application of the high stocking density cause the growth of milkfish to be non-uniform, some of them even experience stunting, which is a condition in which the fish experience slow growth. This study aims to observe the condition of the milkfish tissue with normal growth and stunted fish. Milkfish (Chanos chanos) used are fish that have been reared for 6 months. Fish organs that were sampled for observation were stunted and normal (non-stunting) fish. The organs observed were the gills, muscles, and intestines. The results showed that stunted milkfish (Chanos chanos) affected the condition of the gill tissue, muscles, and intestines. The gills are edema and necrosis. Muscles undergo edema, degeneration of muscle fibers, and necrosis. The intestine experiences necrosis or cell death.Keywords: Milkfish; Stunting; Histology.AbstrakIkan Bandeng (Chanos chanos) merupakan ikan bernilai ekonomis penting. Ikan Bandeng banyak dikonsumsi karena mempunyai nilai gizi yang tinggi. Ikan bandeng juga dimanfaatkan sebagai umpan hidup untuk penangkapan ikan. Pada sistem budidaya ikan Bandeng peningkatan produksi menjadi faktor yang sangat penting. Salah satu upaya peningkatan produksi pada sistem budidaya ikan adalah dengan aplikasi padat tebar yang tinggi. Kendala penerapan padat penebaran yang tinggi menyebabkan pertumbuhan ikan Bandeng tidak seragam, bahkan beberapa diantaranya mengalami stunting yang merupakan suatu kondisi dimana ikan mengalami lambatnya pertumbuhan. Penelitian ini, bertujuan untuk mengamati kondisi jaringan ikan bandeng dengan pertumbuhan normal dan ikan yang mengalami stunting. Ikan Bandeng (Chanos chanos) yang digunakan adalah ikan yang telah dipelihara selama 6 bulan. Organ ikan yang menjadi sampel pengamatan adalah ikan yang mengalami stunting dan normal (non-stunting). Organ yang diamati adalah insang, otot, dan usus. Hasil penelitian menunjukan ikan Bandeng (Chanos chanos) yang mengalami stunting mempengaruhi kondisi jaringan insang, otot dan usus. Insang mengalami edema dan necrosis. Otot mengamali edema, degenerasi serabut otot, dan necrosis. Usus mengalami necrosis atau kematian sel.Kata kunci: Ikan Bandeng, Stunting, Histologi

The nutritional value of lipids in various tropical aquatic animals from rice–fish farming systems in northeast Thailand

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis T. Karapanagiotidis ◽  
Amararatne Yakupitiyage ◽  
David C. Little ◽  
Michael V. Bell ◽  
Eleni Mente
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Northeast Thailand ◽  
Aquatic Animals ◽  
Rice Fish

Results of a comparative study of the use of fodder worms of two breeds for pool growing of young tilapy and clary catfish in the conditions of the Almaty

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Z. Bolatbekova ◽  
S. Assylbekova ◽  
B. Kulatayev ◽  
S. Koishybayeva ◽  
N. Bulavina
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Fish Breeding ◽  
Breeding Zone ◽  
Improved Methods

The aryicle presents the results of a comparative study of the biochemical composition of earthworms of dendrobene and prospector rocks, the peculiarities of their cultivation and their use for feeding when growing juvenile tilapia and clary catfish. The experience of cultivating earthworms of two breeds using the improved methods of foreign authors is described. The results of a study of the biochemical composition of cultivated objects that determine their nutritional value for feeding fish are presented. The fish-breeding and biological indicators of juvenile tilapia and clary catfish, obtained during the cultivation of dendrobene and prospector in fish farming in the Almaty region (VI fish-breeding zone) during worm feeding, are analyzed. A comprehensive analysis of the studied indicators made it possible to assign a certain rating place to each worm breed in relation to its use as fish feed.

scholarly journals DISTRIBUSI NITROGEN DAN FOSFOR PADA BUDIDAYA IKAN GABUS (Channa striata) DENGAN APLIKASI ECENG GONDOK (Eichhornia crassipes) DAN PROBIOTIK

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 379
Author(s):  
Adang Saputra ◽  
Lies Setijaningsih ◽  
Yosmaniar Yosmaniar ◽  
Tri Heru Prihadi
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Probiotic Treatment ◽  
Channa Striata ◽  
Intensive Aquaculture

Permasalahan yang dihadapi pembudidaya ikan dengan sistem intensif adalah meningkatnya limbah yang terakumulasi pada air dan sedimen. Limbah budidaya ikan pada umumnya berupa padatan dan nutrien terlarut pada air terutama nitrogen dan fosfor. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji distribusi nitrogen total dan fosfor total pada budidaya ikan gabus secara intensif yang diberi eceng gondok Eichhornia crassipes dan probiotik (Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Achromobacter insuavis). Penelitian dirancang menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan perlakuan pemberian kombinasi eceng gondok dan probiotik (A), pemberian eceng gondok (B), dan pemberian probiotik (C), masing-masing perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Benih ikan gabus yang digunakan berukuran panjang 14,74 ± 0,01 cm dan bobot 25,53 ± 0,09 g dengan padat tebar 175 ekor/kolam (50 ekor/m3). Selama 90 hari masa pemeliharaan, ikan gabus diberi pakan berupa pelet dengan kandungan protein sekitar 30%. Jumlah pemberian pakan 5% dari biomassa dengan frekuensi pemberian empat kali dalam sehari (pagi, siang, sore, dan malam). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nitrogen dan fosfor pada budidaya ikan gabus terdistribusi pada eceng gondok, sedimen, air, dan ikan. Eceng gondok menyerap nitrogen dan fosfor paling tinggi (P<0,05) dibandingkan air, ikan, dan sedimen. Laju pertumbuhan spesifik bobot (4,37 ± 0,01%/hari) dan biomassa (1,88 ± 0,01 g) ikan gabus tertinggi dicapai pada pemberian kombinasi eceng gondok dan probiotik. Hasil ini dapat dijadikan landasan untuk pengelolaan limbah nitrogen dan fosfor pada budidaya ikan gabus secara intensif.One of the problems in intensive aquaculture system is the the accumulation of waste in the water and sediment. Aquaculture wastes are discharged into the water in form of solids and dissolved nutrients which mostly consisted of nitrogen and phosphorus. The purpose of this study was to study the dynamics of total nitrogen and phosphorus in an intensive aquaculture media supplied with water hyacinth and probiotics (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Achromobacter insuavis). The study was designed using a completely randomized design with treatment combinations of water hyacinth with probiotic (A), water hyacinth (B), and probiotic (C). Each treatment consisted of three replications. The seeds of snakehead used had body length of 14.74 ± 0.01 cm and weight 25.53 ± 0.09 g, stocked in ponds with stocking density of 175 individuals/pond (50 individuals/m3). During 90 days of rearing, the fish were fed with pellet with protein content of 30%. The amount of feeding was 5% of the biomass with feeding frequency of four times a day (morning, afternoon, evening, and night). The results showed that the produced nitrogen and phosphorus in the snakehead cultivation were distributed to water hyacinth, sediment, water, and fish. Water hyacinth absorbed most of the nitrogen and phosphorus compared to water, fish, and sediment. Higher specific growth rate (4.37 ± 0.01%/day) and biomass (1.88 ± 0.01 g) of snakehead were achieved in combination of water hyacinth and probiotic treatment. These results can be used as a basis for the management of nitrogen and phosphorus wastes in an intensive fish farming.

Modern features of aquaculture of cyprinids in the republic of Iraq

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
Farhan Yasin Hamed ◽  
Adelia Zakirovna Anokhina ◽  
Natalia Viktorovna Sudakova ◽  
Damelya Kazhigalievna Magzanova
Keyword(s):  
Silver Carp ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Bighead Carp ◽  
Ctenopharyngodon Idella ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Hypophthalmichthys Molitrix ◽  
Fish Farms

It is shown that the leading role in the aquaculture of Iraq belongs to Cyprinids, which account for over 80 % of all fish farming production. The most widespread in the country are four main world species of carp aquaculture: common carp (Cyprinus carpio), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis). Basically, the traditional technology of growing Cyprinids in ponds is used, which includes the main fish farming processes: care of broodstock to prepare them for spawning, collecting eggs and milt, eggs fertilization and incubation of embryos, raising juveniles and marketable fish. Currently, there are about 2 thousand private fish farms, which have ponds of various sizes from 4 to 100 hectares. Cultivation of Cyprinids in Iraq is carried out mainly by extensive methods: the use of the natural food base of reservoirs with low fish stocking density in polyculture. The fish productivity of ponds varies greatly in different fish farms from 1,5 to 6 t/ha, which is due to economic reasons. The data on changes in the temperature of pond water during the year and hydrochemical indicators are given, which shows favorable conditions for Cyprinids rearing. Information on the use of compound feeds for growing carp in ponds is provided, and data on the composition and nutritional value of the feed used. The fish culture indicators for the main biotechnical processes of the rearing of four Cyprinid species in Iraq are described in detail. In the conclusion, it is indicated that for the effective development of aquaculture in Iraq, government support is needed in the form of a developed long-term program and legislative acts.

Lunar Cycle Influences Production of Tilapia (Oreochromis spp) Eggs in an Intensive Outdoor Production System in the Tropics

2022 ◽  
pp. 074873042110694
Author(s):  
Miguel F. Perea ◽  
Daniel A. Perdomo ◽  
Zenaida A. Corredor ◽  
Mario González ◽  
Hugo Hernandez-Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Full Moon ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Lunar Cycle ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
The Tropics

A robust body of evidence has demonstrated that the lunar cycle plays an important role in the reproduction of fish living in natural environments. However, little is known about the influence of the moon on tilapia reproductive activity in intensive fish farming systems. This study aims to evaluate the influence of the lunar cycle on the reproductive performance of tilapias in an intensive outdoor tropical production system in Latin America. Records of two tilapia strains (Nile tilapia [ Oreochromis niloticus; n = 75] and Red tilapia [ Oreochromis spp.; n = 1335]) reared in concrete tanks in a commercial fish farm were analyzed. Over a 3-year period, 60,136 captures were made in intervals of 12 to 14 days and 6,600 females were manually spawned. The number of females spawned and the volume of eggs collected from each tank ( n = 9) were recorded. Data was analyzed by the general linear model and means were compared by least squares means method. A very slight or no variation was observed when the lunar cycle was split into two halves (crescent and waning). The proportions of females spawned and the volume of eggs per spawned female and per female in the tank varied considerably across the eight periods of the lunar cycle, with greater values in the waning than in the crescent phase. A significantly greater proportion of tilapia spawned and yielded more eggs around the full moon than around the new moon and remaining days of the lunar cycle. The moon cycle affected the reproductive activity of tilapia, which were more reproductively active around the full moon and most of the waning phase.

scholarly journals Potentialities of pond fish farming in Kaliakair upazila under Gazipur district, Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-528
Author(s):  
Md Mahbubur Rahman ◽  
Md Nurunnabi Mondal ◽  
Jannatun Shahin ◽  
Jannatul Fatema ◽  
Mst Kaniz Fatema
Keyword(s):  
Group Discussion ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Anabas Testudineus ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Climbing Perch ◽  
Aquaculture System ◽  
Benefit Cost

Potentials and prospects of pond fish farming in improving aquaculture system in Kaliakair upazila under Gazipur district, Bangladesh were investigated. Data were collected from 60 selected fish farmers through questionnaire survey and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) during June to November, 2014. The research revealed that a highest number of pond fish farmers (61.67%) were out of training facilities and a good portion (23.33%) had no education. Pond water was found turbid seasonally (71.66%) and farmers did not exchange water during culture periods (66.67%). As a result water quality deteriorates day by day and depletion of oxygen occurs during pond farming. The average stocking density of fish was higher in the study area and the highest was found in monoculture of Climbing perch (Anabas testudineus ) (1200 individual/decimal) and lowest in carp polyculture system (195 individual/decimal). Fish production was higher in Pangus monoculture system (17.89 MT/ha/yr) and lower in Climbing perch monoculture system (10.78 MT/ha/yr), but profit was higher in Climbing perch monoculture produced 1318100 Tk./ha/yr and lower in Tilapia monoculture 397886 Tk./ha/yr. Benefit Cost Ratio was higher in Climbing perch (2.32) and lower in Pangus culture (1.34). The problems faced by the fish farmers were broadly categorized as financial, natural, technical and social. Therefore, necessary training facilities with institutional and organizational supports, credit facilities, extension services and awareness development are essential to improve aquaculture system as well as the fishers’ livelihoods in Kaliakair upazila of Gazipur district.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.2(3): 517-528, December 2015

scholarly journals The Effect of Organic and Conventional Farming Systems with Different Tillage on Soil Properties and Enzymatic Activity

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1809
Author(s):  
Mirosław Kobierski ◽  
Joanna Lemanowicz ◽  
Piotr Wojewódzki ◽  
Krystyna Kondratowicz-Maciejewska
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Soil Horizon ◽  
Cultivation System

The chemical properties and enzymatic activity of the surface soil horizon were compared between an organic farm (OF) (crop rotation with legume plants, fertilisation with manure) and a conventional farm (CF) (simplified crop rotation, mineral fertilisation, chemical crop protection products). In the years 2001-2017 on the OF (near the village of Juchowo, northern Poland), a reduced tillage system (ploughless) was used, while plough cultivation was used on a CF located in its immediate vicinity. The parameters used to assess the properties of soils were: particle size composition, pH, total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON). The activity of dehydrogenases (DEH), catalase (CAT), alkaline phosphatase (AlP) and acid phosphatase (AcP) and the content of easily extractable glomalin-related soil protein (EEGRSP) were also determined. Sixteen years of soil use in accordance with ecological principles significantly increased the average content of TOC, NT, DOC and DON. Soil samples rich in TOC and DOC showed significantly higher DEH and AcP activity, and EEGRSP content. Statistical analysis showed that the activity of DEH, AlP and CAT in the soil was significantly higher for the OF than for the conventional cultivation system. Limiting soil cultivation procedures on the OF improved the balance of soil organic matter (SOM) and pH value, and significantly increased the content of EEGRSP as compared to the cultivation system used on the CF.

Understanding the barriers and exploring the possibilities of the organic livestock sector in dehesa agroforestry systems: a multi-actor approach for effective diagnosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 663-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Horrillo ◽  
Paula Gaspar ◽  
Francisco J. Mesías ◽  
Ahmed Elghannam ◽  
Miguel Escribano
Keyword(s):  
Stocking Density ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Extensive Farming

AbstractThe dehesa agroforestry system is classified as one of the most singular ecosystems in the European Union. In the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula, it spreads over an area of approximately 6.7 million hectares, contributing major environmental, cultural, aesthetic and economic value to the region. The main agricultural activity that is developed in this ecosystem is the extensive farming of cattle, sheep and Iberian pigs with low stocking density and few inputs. Sustainable management of these ecosystems' existing production farms is essential in order to secure their continuity, as they face a difficult situation on account of their low profitability. One of the strategies that could be employed to attain a sustainable situation is the proposition of an organic production model. In order to explore this option, a participatory research process has been proposed and developed in the Spanish region called Extremadura (Spain). The aim of this process is to investigate the potential of extensive farming systems in moving toward a sustainable organic production model, identifying the main barriers preventing livestock farmers from converting to the organic model and seeking specific improvement measures that would reduce such barriers. For that purpose, four focus group sessions were run with a total of 33 participating stakeholders. For the analysis of these focus groups, Atlas.ti qualitative software was used to categorize and quantify the main ideas proposed during the sessions. The findings revealed that the main barriers can be classified into three groups: barriers that are inherent to the production processes and the structure of the specific sector, barriers associated with administration and management issues and lastly, barriers relating to education and training of the various actors involved. We consider this paper may contribute to policy makers' decisions to focus on specific actions for improvement that are customized for the socio-economic and environmental conditions of the region.

scholarly journals Antimicrobials use and resistance on integrated poultry-fish farming systems in the Ayeyarwady Delta of Myanmar

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Justine S. Gibson ◽  
Honey Wai ◽  
Shwe Sin May Lwin Oo ◽  
Ei Moh Moh Hmwe ◽  
Soe Soe Wai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Fish Ponds ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Livestock Species ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Livestock Health

Abstract Antimicrobials are used to support livestock health and productivity, but might pose a risk for the development of antimicrobial resistance; in particular, when multiple livestock species are raised together in production systems. On integrated chicken-fish farms, chickens are raised over fish ponds and poultry faeces is excreted into the ponds. We investigated antimicrobial usage and the antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli cultured from poultry faeces on 301 integrated farms in Ayeyarwady Delta of Myanmar. Antimicrobials were used by 92.4% of farmers for chickens, but they were not applied to fish. The most common antimicrobials used were Octamix (amoxicillin and colistin sulfate) on 28.4%, enrofloxacin on 21.0% and amoxicillin on 16% of farms. Overall, 83.1% (152/183) of the E. coli were resistant to at least one antimicrobial. The highest level of resistance was to amoxicillin (54.6%), tetracycline (39.9%), sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (35.5%) and enrofloxacin (34.4%). Multidrug resistance was identified in 42.4% of isolates. In general, we found similar levels of antimicrobial resistance in non-users of antimicrobials as in users of antimicrobials for more commonly applied antimicrobials. Overall, antimicrobial resistance was lower in chickens on these integrated farms in Myanmar, compared to poultry farms in other countries of South East and East Asia.

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