scholarly journals Culture Dependent Examination of Commercially Available Bar Chocolates

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S2) ◽  
pp. 745-748
Keyword(s):  
Health Hazard ◽  
Starch Hydrolysis ◽  
Methyl Red ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Biochemical Assays ◽  
Oxidase Test ◽  
Market Forecast ◽  
Dairy Milk ◽  
Culture Dependent

In the year 2018 a report published by TechSci Research entitled “India Chocolate Market Forecast and Opportunities, 2018” reiterated that the chocolate market earnings in India has witnessed the growth rate of 21% from 2013-2018. Indian chocolate market witnessed USD 3.2 billion revenues in 2018. Indian chocolate market is divided into 4 sectors, in which bar chocolates accounts for highest share of 36%. Hence, We had chosen to study the commercially available bar chocolates through culture dependent methods. We had selected 3 commercially available bar chocolates namely Cadbury Dairy milk, Cadbury 5 Star and Cadbury Perk. Bacteria were isolated from these 3 brands of chocolate by streak plate method. Microbiological and Biochemical assays such as Simple staining, Gram staining, Catalase test, Methyl Red test, Oxidase test, Vogus Proskaur test, Indole test, Citrate utilization test and Starch hydrolysis test were performed. The bacterial isolates were found to be Rod shaped and Gram negative. The bacterial isolates were found to be negative for all the above mentioned tests except Methyl Red and Starch hydrolysis test. Thus, these findings highlight the impending health hazard posed by the commercially available bar chocolates.

scholarly journals Bacterial Colonization in Computer Keyboards Posses Health Hazard

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
S. Sheik Asraf ◽  
◽  
P. Pavithra ◽  
R. Muneeswari ◽  
Athira Rajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Methyl Red ◽  
Inanimate Object ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Teaching Laboratory ◽  
Potential Reservoir ◽  
Computer Keyboard ◽  
The Way

Computer keyboards of a teaching laboratory were examined and bacteria were isolated from computer keyboards. The subsequent tests were done for the bacterial isolates: methyl red, vogus proskaur, citrate utilization, urease and TSI. This study paves the way to look at an inanimate object like computer keyboard as potential reservoir of bacteria.

scholarly journals Bacterial Culture Dependent Effect on Mobile Phone’s Surface

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S2) ◽  
pp. 999-1002
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Methyl Red ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Dependent Effect ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Culture Dependent

Mobile phones from people of different walks of life were examined through culture dependent based approach. Bacteria were isolated from the surface of the mobile phones. Various microbiological and biochemical tests such as Gram staining, citrate utilization test, urease test, TSI test, catalase test, methyl red test and indole test were performed for the isolated bacteria. This study highlights the health risk posed by the microbiota in the mobile phone’s surface

scholarly journals Detection of the presence Aeromonas sp on nile tilapia cultured in floating net cage in lake Tondano

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wandalia Tantu ◽  
Reiny A Tumbol ◽  
Sammy N.J Longdong
Keyword(s):  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Production Test ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Oxidase Test ◽  
Net Cage ◽  
H2s Production ◽  
Average Body

The purpose of this study was to detect the presence of bacteria Aeromonas sp in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Nine fish with an average body weight of 150-200 g were used in this study as samples. Sampling was conducted at three different locations which were representative of fish culture sites located on Lake Tondano. The number of sample gathered from each location was and 3 fish which were taken randomly. Fish samples were taken by using a scoop, then the samples were taken alive by placing in an oxygen-filled plastic separately and taken direcly to lab Fish Disease Control and Environmental Center, Tateli, Department of Marine and Fisheries of North Sulawesi province, for examination the presence of bacteria. Isolation of bacteria were conducted by taking samples from gill and kidney. This study was carried out from April - July 2013. Identification of the presence of bacteria was done through a series of observations of colony morphology and gram staining of bacteria, followed by a series of biochemical tests: oxidase test , catalase test , test TSIA , H2S production test , indole test , motility test , citrate test, and test O/F. It could be concluded that 22.22 % of farmed nile tilapia in Lake Tondano were infected with the Aeromonas sp with the following percentage from each site: Paleloan village 7.40% , 7.40% Toulimembet village, and 7.40% Eris village. Keywords: Aeromonas sp, isolation, nile tilapia, floating net cage, Lake Tondano

scholarly journals Census of the Viral Metagenome within an Activated Sludge Microbial Assemblage

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (8) ◽  
pp. 2673-2677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa C. Parsley ◽  
Erin J. Consuegra ◽  
Stephen J. Thomas ◽  
Jaysheel Bhavsar ◽  
Andrew M. Land ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Microbial Assemblage ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
Culture Dependent

ABSTRACT The viral metagenome within an activated sludge microbial assemblage was sampled using culture-dependent and culture-independent methods and compared to the diversity of activated sludge bacterial taxa. A total of 70 unique cultured bacterial isolates, 24 cultured bacteriophages, 829 bacterial metagenomic clones of 16S rRNA genes, and 1,161 viral metagenomic clones were subjected to a phylogenetic analysis.

Microbiota of regular sodium and sodium-reduced ready-to-eat meat products obtained from the retail market

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Miller ◽  
Xiaoji Liu ◽  
Lynn M. McMullen
Keyword(s):  
Meat Products ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Retail Market ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Low Sodium ◽  
Reduced Products ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
Brochothrix Thermosphacta ◽  
Leuconostoc Gelidum ◽  
Culture Dependent

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of sodium content on the microbiota on the surface of ready-to-eat (RTE) meat products purchased from the retail market in Canada. Products, including sliced and sausage-type deli meats, were analysed with culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. Bacteria were identified from 23 brands of products from different meat processors with claims of sodium content ranging from 390 to 1200 mg per 100 g of product. Out of 150 bacterial isolates, the most common were identified as Leuconostoc gelidum, Carnobacterium maltaromaticum, Brochothrix thermosphacta, and Leuconostoc gasicomitatum. Vacuum-packaged RTE deli sliced meat products had the largest population of bacteria. Leuconostocci were the most common isolates in this group of products, while carnobacteria were prevalent on products with moderate loads of bacteria. A higher incidence of carnobacteria and lower incidence of B. thermosphacta were detected on sodium-reduced products. Simpson’s and Shannon–Wiener indices showed that low sodium products (25%–50% less sodium) had an overall higher bacterial diversity. This was also observed when individual low sodium products were compared with their regular sodium counterpart.

scholarly journals Taxono-genomics description of Olsenella lakotia SW165T sp. nov., a new anaerobic bacterium isolated from the cecum of feral chicken

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1103
Author(s):  
Supapit Wongkuna ◽  
Sudeep Ghimire ◽  
Tavan Janvilisri ◽  
Kinchel Doerner ◽  
Surang Chankhamhaengdecha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Fatty Acid Production ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Biochemical Assays ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Culture Identification

Background: The microbial community residing in the animal gastrointestinal tract play a crucial role in host health. Because of the high complexity of gut microbes, many microbes remain unclassified. Deciphering the role of each bacteria in health and diseases is only possible after its culture, identification, and characterization. During the culturomics study of feral chicken cecal sample, we cultured a possible novel strain SW165T. Methods: For the possible novel strain SW165T, phenotypic characterization was performed using colony morphology, Gram staining, growth in different temperature and pH and motility. Biochemical assays included carbon source utilization, enzymatic activity, cellular fatty acids and short chain fatty acid production. 16S rRNA sequencing and whole genome sequencing and comparison was performed for genetic analysis. Results: This strain was isolated from cecal content of feral chickens in Brookings, South Dakota, USA. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the closest valid neighbor was Olsenella profusa DSM 13989T (96.33% similarity) within the family Atopobiaceae. Cells were Gram-strain-positive and obligately anaerobic bacilli in chains. The optimum temperature and pH for the growth of the microorganism were 37-45oC and pH 6.0-7.5 respectively.  This strain produced acetic acid as the primary fermentation product. Major fatty acids were C12:0, C14:0, C14:0 DMA and summed feature 1 (C13:1 at 12-13 and C14:0 aldehyde). Strain SW165T exhibited a genome size of 2.43 Mbp with a G+C content of 67.59 mol%, which is the second highest G+C content among members of the genus Olsenella. The digital DNA-DNA hybridization and OrthoANI values between SW165T and DSM 13989T were only 17.6 ± 5.3 and 74.35%, respectively. Conclusion: Based on the phenotypic, biochemical, and genomic analyses, we propose the new species of the genus Olsenella, and name it Olsenella lakotia SW165T sp. nov., (=DSM 107283 =CCOS 1887) as the type strain.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of phosphate solubilizing bacteria from corn rhizosfer

2021 ◽  
Vol 911 (1) ◽  
pp. 012063
Author(s):  
Haswania ◽  
H Karim ◽  
A.A. Azis ◽  
N Iriany ◽  
O Jumadi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Samples ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽  
Methyl Red ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Sucrose Fermentation ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing ◽  
Sample Dilution

Abstract The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize the Phosphate solubilizing bacteria from the rhizosphere of Zea mays L., Jeneponto Regency. This research was conducted in several stages; i.e, sampling, medium preparation, sample dilution, isolation, characterization in the form of gram staining, biochemical tests, and quantitative tests of phosphate solubility. Soil samples were diluted in 0.9% NaCl and soil containing microbes was isolated on the Picovskaya medium. Three isolates were obtained which could dissolve phosphate, namely J2KN1, J3KR2, and J3TG3 isolates. The isolates were generally round in shape with raised elevations, white, slimy, smooth, shiny surface, milky white, shape like coccus and bacillus, and gram-negative. Some of the isolates had positive motility, indole, voges, methyl red, glucose, and sucrose fermentation in the biochemical test. The quantitative tests of the ability to dissolve phosphate showed that J2KN1 isolate had the highest concentration of 51.1 μM, and the J3KR1 and J3TG3 isolates had a concentration of 45.2 μM and 37.6 μM, respectively.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF BACTERIAL ISOLATES FOR SUSTAINABLE RICE BLAST CONTROL

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 702-712
Author(s):  
BÁRBARA ESTEVAM DE MELO MARTINS ◽  
AMANDA ABDALLAH CHAIBUB ◽  
MARCIO VINICIUS DE CARVALHO BARROS CORTÊS ◽  
VALÁCIA LEMES DA SILVA LOBO ◽  
MARTA CRISTINA CORSI DE FILIPPI
Keyword(s):  
Rice Blast ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Leaf Blast ◽  
Fluorescent Pigment ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Bacillus Spp

ABSTRACT Rice blast (Magnaporthe oryzae) limits rice (Oryza sativa) grain yields worldwide. The objective of this investigation was to morphologically, biochemically, and molecularly characterize six bacterial isolates, BRM 32109, BRM 32110, BRM 32111, BRM 32112, BRM 32113, and BRM 32114, and to determine their potential as antagonists to M. oryzae. Morphological characterization was based on colony formation and color, Gram staining, and fluorescent pigment production. Biochemical studies were based on cellulase, chitinase, phosphatase, indoleacetic acid, and siderophore production, as well as biofilm formation. The molecular identification used specific primers for PCR amplification of the 16S rRNA region, followed by sequencing. The antagonism studies involved three experiments, which had randomized designs. Two of them were conducted in laboratory conditions, pairing bacterial colonies and M. oryzae, using bacterial filtrates, and the third was conducted in greenhouse conditions. BRM 32111 and BRM 32112 were identified as Pseudomonas sp., BRM 32113 as Burkholderia sp., BRM 32114 as Serratia sp., and BRM 32110 and BRM 32109 as Bacillus spp. BRM 32112, BRM 32111, and BRM 32113 inhibited the colony of M. oryzae by 68%, 65%, and 48%, respectively. The bacterial suspensions of the BRM 32111, BRM 32112, and BRM 3212 filtrates suppressed leaf blast by 81.0, 79.2, and 66.3%, respectively. BRM 32111 and BRM 32112 were determined to be antagonists of M. oryzae and were found to solubilize phosphate, produce siderophores and cellulose, form biofilms, and suppress leaf blast. These isolates should be further investigated as potential biological control agents for leaf blast control.

scholarly journals NEONATAL SEPSIS;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1455-1460
Author(s):  
Nazia Bashir Abbasi ◽  
Nighat Jabeen ◽  
Shafat Khatoon
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Drug Sensitivity ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Emerging Issues

Introduction: Neonatal sepsis is a systemic condition characterized bybacteremia that occurs in the first month of life. It is a fatal condition and need to be treatedpromptly. Bacterial isolates include both gram positive and negative bacteria and the cureof condition is highly dependent on antimicrobial drug sensitivity and resistant patterns. It isthere for utmost important to known commonly occurring bacteria in neonatal septic statesand their drug sensitivity patterns. Objectives: To determine the frequency of the bacterialisolates in blood and their sensitivity patterns to commonly used antibiotics in neonatal sepsis.Setting: Neonatal intensive care unit(NICU), Department of Shifa International Hospital. (SIH),Islamabad. Study Design: Cross sectional. Duration: This study was conducted between 6 1stJune 2013 to 30th November 2013. Subject and Methods: A total of 180 neonates, admittedin NICU with evidence of clinical sepsis i.e. with signs and symptoms suggestive of septicemia(fever, lethargy, reluctance to feed, seizures, and irritability) were included in this study. Thesamples for blood cultures were taken. Identification of bacterial isolates was carried out by thestandard bacteriological techniques, which include gram staining and bacterial cultures andantimicrobial sensitivity patterns which was performed by modified Kirby and Bauer disc diffusemethod as per CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory StandardsInstitute)guidelines.A predesignedPerforma was filled. Results: Culture revealed bacterial growth in 7.2% samples. Gram negativeorganisms were observed in 6.67% and only 1 were gram positive. In this study, 50% and 100%of E-coli were sensitive to ampicillin, meropenem and amikacin, gentamycin respectively. Sixtyto 100% of pseudomonas was sensitive to ceftazidime, tazobactum, meropenem and 100%of enterococcus was sensitive to ampicillin and vancomycin. Conclusion: Antimicrobial drugresistance and constantly changing resistance patterns is emerging issues in various groupsof infections and septic states, especially for routinely used antibiotics as found in our study.Thus by prescribing rational use of antimicrobial as per bactriogram, It‘ll be easier totreat sepsiseffectively and economically and reduce the mortality and morbidity related to neonatal sepsis.

scholarly journals DIVERSITY OF BACTERIAL ENDOPHYTES IN IN YOUNG AND OLD LEAVES OF ANDALEH PLANT (MORUS MACROURA MIQ.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Dwi Hilda Putri ◽  
Mades Fifendy ◽  
Moca Faulina Putri
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
The Village

Endphytic microbes are microscopic living organisms (bacteria and fungi) that live in plant tissues (xylem and phloem), leaves, roots, fruit, and stems. These microbes live symbiosis of mutual benefit. Morus macroura miq. or Andaleh is a native plant of western Sumatra that is considered rare. The purpose of this study was to isolate and identify entophytic bacteria found in young leaves and old leaves andaleh taken from the village Andaleh, Kec. Batipuah West Sumatra. The methods used to isolate endophytic bacteria from andaleh leaves are spread plate and streak plate. Identification of endophytic bacteria in macroscopic or colony morphology. A total of 12 isolates of endophytic bacteria from young andaleh leaf and 8 isolates of endophytic bacteria from andaleh leaf. Identification Microscopic using gram staining obtained bacteria 18 gram positive endophytic bacterial isolates and 2 isolate gram negative bacteria.

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