scholarly journals Hereford and Simmental Cattle Breeds in Siberia: Implementation of the Adaptive and Productive Potential in the Cold Climate

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 9631-9636 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Meat Productivity

This study was aimed at studying the biological characteristics of the calves of the Hereford and Simmental breeds, and crosses of these breeds in Siberia. The article discusses the peculiarities of metabolism and utilization of nutrients, growth rate, meat productivity and quality, feed conversion in groups of calves up to 15.5 months of age due to the breed identity in the keeping conditions in light facilities and cold climate. Similarity has been noted in the parameters of gas-and-energy metabolism in Hereford and crossbred calves, including their seasonal dynamics. During the experimental period, a seasonal downward trend was noted in the heart rate of Hereford calves by 11.4 %, and respiration rate — by 33.8 %. In the Simmental peers, these figures decreased by 12 and 37.2 %, respectively, in hybrids — by 6.1 and 29 %. The seasonal decrease in the body temperature in Hereford and crossbred animals by 2.4 – 2.5 %, in Simmentals — by 1.3 %, and increased heat production by Hereford animals and their crosses — by 20.9 and 20.1 % (P<0.01), compared to the Simmental peers, were noted. In terms of the content of hemoglobin, Hereford calves (116.5 ± 3.6 g/l) and Hereford × Simmental hybrids (114.0 ± 5.1 g/l) tended to be superior to Simmental calves (103.5 ± 5.4 g/l). No significant difference in the erythrocytes count in the blood of calves was found between the groups. In all ages, Simmental calves were inferior to their Hereford and crossbred peers in terms of the content of total protein and albumin in the blood serum. By the content of globulins in the blood serum, no differences were found between the groups. The coefficients of nutrients digestibility due to balanced feeding was relatively high in all groups. Hereford × Simmental hybrids were superior to their Simmental counterparts by the organic matter digestibility by 3.0 % (P<0.01). The most significant difference in the live weight was observed between Simmental and crossbred calves (P<0.01). The average daily gain of the hybrids over the entire study period was greater by 25.6 and 15.2 % than that of purebred Simmental and Hereford calves. Accordingly, Hereford × Simmental calves had an advantage over Herefords in terms of the slaughtering weight by 5.4 %, and over Simmentals — by 22.1 %. The energy value of the meat of purebred Herefords and crossbred calves was higher by 8.4 % than in purebred Simmentals. The conclusion has been made about the prospects of using Herefords and their crosses with Simmentals for the sustainable development of beef cattle breeding in the conditions of Siberia.

scholarly journals PSX-32 Prediction of energy requirements for maintenance and growth of female Korean black goats

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 453-454
Author(s):  
Jinwook Lee ◽  
Sang Hoon Lee ◽  
Sung Soo Lee ◽  
Dong Kyo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Growth Phase ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Improving Accuracy

Abstract The consumption of goat has changed from medicinal to meat in Korea. Thus, the population of Korean black goats (KBG) are continuously increased in recent years. However, the nutrition requirement of KBG has not been clearly defined. Therefore, this study was conducted to predict the energy requirements for maintenance and growth of female Korean black goats during their growth and pregnancy phases. Fifty female goats (18.7±0.27 kg) in their growth phase with an average age of 5 months were stratified by weight and randomly assigned into 5 groups. They were fed 5 diets varying in metabolic energy (ME) [2.32 (G1), 2.49 (G2), 2.74 (G3), 2.99 (G4), and 3.24 (G5) Mcal/kg] until they were 9-month-old. After natural breeding, 50 female goats (30.7±0.59 kg) were stratified by weight and randomly assigned into 5 groups. They were fed 5 diets varying in ME [2.32 (P1), 2.43 (P2), 2.55 (P3), 2.66 (P4), and 2.78 (P5) Mcal/kg]. The average feed intake ranged between 1.5 and 2.0% of the body weight (BW), and there was no significant difference between the treatment groups with goats in growth or pregnancy phases. Average daily gain (ADG) in diet demand during the growth phase increased with an increasing ME density and ranged from 46 to 69 g/d (P &lt; 0.01). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) improved with the ME density during the growth phase (P &lt; 0.01). The intercept of the regression equation between ME intake and ADG indicated that energy requirement for maintenance of goats during growth and pregnancy phases was 103.53 kcal/BW0.75 and 102.7 kcal/BW0.75, respectively. These results may serve as a basis for the establishment of goat feeding standards in Korea. Further studies are required to assess the nutrient requirement of goats using various methods for improving accuracy.

scholarly journals REASIL HUMICVET AND REASIL HUMIC HEALTH SUPPLEMENTS BASED ON HUMIC ACIDS IN THE DIETS OF DAIRY CALVES

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Andrei Frolkin ◽  
Haidar Valitov ◽  
Aleksandr Varakin ◽  
Valentina Kornilova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of the research is to increase the effectiveness of the supplement Reasil on the growth of milk-fed calves. For the scientific and economic experience, three groups of calves were formed (control, 1 and 2 experi-enced). Groups of animals of 10 heads were formed according to the principle of analogues. The indicators of live weight, growth and blood of calves were studied after Reasil use in a diet: Reasil HumicVet as a liquid form, and Reasil Humic Health – reduced to powder. In the experiment, animals of a black-and-white breed were used. The Reasil feeding in the diet contributed to an increase in the live weight of milk-fed calves in the 1-st and the 2-nd experimental groups at two months of age by 5.65 and 5.48 kg (or by 7.4 and 7.2%), respectively, compared to the indicator of the control group analogues. The average daily growth of calves of the experimental groups exceeded this indicator of control animals by 96 and 82 g, respectively. The blood of calves of the 1st and 2nd experimental groups, showed that hematoglobin was higher by 15.7 and 11.4%, red blood cells – by 16.5 and 15.1%, and the alkaline reserve – by 5.2%, compared with blood of calves from the control group, which indicates the activation of metabolic processes in the body. The total protein amount in the blood serum of animals from the experimental groups increased by 8.4 and 5.9% respectively, compared to the tests of calves from the control group. The albu-min content of animals of the 1st experimental group tested was higher by 5.3%; from the 2nd experimental group there was no significant difference compared to the control. The number of gamma-globulins in the blood of ani-mals of the experimental groups increased, which indicates an increase in defense reaction of animals. The con-tent of calcium in the blood serum of calves from the experimental groups was higher by 8.3 and 5.9%, phosphorus – by 4.8 and 2.4%, which indicates a more effective use of these mineral elements.

scholarly journals РЕЗИСТЕНТНІСТЬ І ПРОДУКТИВНІСТЬ КРОЛІВ ПРИ ВИКОРИСТАННІ ПРОБІОТИКА «ЕВІТАЛІЯ» В УМОВАХ НОРМАТИВНОГО МІКРОКЛІМАТУ

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2(66)) ◽  
pp. 192-197
Author(s):  
N.V. Cherny ◽  
V.V. Kulak
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Lysozyme Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Humoral Factors ◽  
Regulatory Climate ◽  
Cellular Factors ◽  
Definition Of

The influence of probiotic «Evitaliya» hematological, biochemical and immunological parameters of the giant white rabbits in terms of regulatory climate. The studies were performed on young rabbits from birth until 120 days of age, two groups of animals. Experienced groups asked the drug twice a day for 25 ml per head from birth to 30 days of age, and then 50 ml on the head (from 31 – to 90– day age). To assess the effect of the probiotic on the body of the rabbit used hygienic methods of research (definition of temperature and humidity, bacterial obremenjenosti air, light); clinical (body temperature, pulse rate and respiration); hematological (erythrocytes, hemoglobin, leukocytes); immunological (bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum, phagocytes index, phagocytes activity of neutrophils (FAN); livestock (live weight and SSP), statistical.Studies found that the use of rabbits with probiotic ferment «Evitaliya» in doses of 25 ml per head and 50 ml / head twice a day for 5 days with breaks of 10 the bottom, contribute to the activation of redox processes in the intestine and the body as a whole, stimulation of humoral and cellular factors of protection, the intensive growth. The studies revealed the following:– increased in the blood of rabbits (age 10–30–60 days) red blood cell count 8.8 – 9.2%, leucocytes – 4,7 – 5,1%, the concentration of hemoglobin – 5.3 – 7.1 per cent– increased humoral factors of protection up to: bactericidal activity of blood serum – to 36.46,0 ± 0.38 – of 55.15 ± 0.40 percent, lysozyme activity of blood serum to 36.14 ± 0.79 – 40.18 ± 0.83;– cellular factors of protection: the phagocytes index from 17 to 19,8%, phagocytes activity of neutrophils – 10.1 – 11.4 per cent;– manifested stimulating effect on live weight and average daily gain from the use of probiotic «Evitaliya».

scholarly journals The Effect of Grass Pasture on the Performance of Slowly Growing Chickens

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 1435-1439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vojtěch Anderle ◽  
Martina Lichovníková ◽  
Pavel Nevrkla ◽  
Lucie Kupčíková
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Average Daily Temperature ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Negative Effect

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of grass pasture on the performance of slowly growing chickens. Both sexes (72 chickens) of the slowly growing hybrid Hubbard JA 757 were used in the experiment, which was carried out in the summer 2015. The chickens were divided into two groups with six replications. After 34 days of age, half of the chickens were transferred to outdoor fields to the transferable cages (EXP). The second half of chickens stayed in the house in a controlled microclimate condition. The live weight of chickens at 63 days of age was 2.93 kg in the EXP and 3.14 kg in the CON, and there was no significant difference between the groups (P > 0.05). However, the live body gain between 34 and 63 days of ages was significantly affected by the pasture (P ≤ 0.01), and it was 2.02 kg in EXP and 2.45 kg in CON. Feed conversion ratio during the experimental period was also significantly different in the groups (P ≤ 0.01), 2.60 in EXP and 1.97 in CON. High average daily temperature 28.7 °C had a main negative effect on the performance of chickens.

scholarly journals Effect of blood serum enzymes on meat qualities of piglet productivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Khalak ◽  
B. Gutyj ◽  
O. Bordun ◽  
M. Ilchenko ◽  
A. Horchanok
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Early Ontogeny ◽  
Thoracic Vertebrae ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Method Of Evaluation

The article presents the results of studies of fattening and meat qualities of young white pigs of different white breeds of different intensity of formation (Δt) in early ontogeny, biochemical parameters of blood serum (aspartate aminotransferase activity, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline transferase, alkaline phosphatase. It is established that according to the main indicators of fattening and meat qualities (age of reaching live weight of 100 kg, days; thickness of the sleeve at the level of 6-7 thoracic vertebrae, mm; length of chilled carcass, mm) young pigs of the controlled herd belong to the first class and class elite, and serum biochemical parameters are consistent with the physiological norm of clinically healthy animals. Taking into account the class of distribution by intensity of formation (Δt), a significant difference was established between animals of I (Δt = 0.795–0.832) and III (Δt = 0.660–0.703) groups on the average daily gain of live weight and age of reaching live weight of 100 kg. The relationship between the biochemical parameters of serum, fattening and meat characteristics of young pigs ranges from -0.250 to +0.385 and is unlikely. We offer in breeding and breeding work, along with the traditional methods of evaluation and selection of high-yielding animals use the method of evaluation and breeding indices.

PSXIV-2 Influences of glycerol and bypass fat supplementation on performance of early fattening Hanwoo steers under heat stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 473-475
Author(s):  
Gyeonglim Ryu ◽  
Junsik Woo ◽  
Geun Hong Song ◽  
Young Kyoon Oh ◽  
Keun Kyu Park
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Fat Supplementation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Heat Stress Index ◽  
Bypass Fat

Abstract This study was conducted to determine the influence of glycerol and bypass fat supplementation on growth performance of early fattening Hanwoo steers under heat stress. Thirty-six Hanwoo steers were randomly allocated into 4 treatments based on BW and age for 112 days from the beginning of July to the end of October 2020. Experimental treatments were divided into four by the type of energy supplements: Control (CP, 14%; TDN 71.9), glycerol addition (GL; CP, 14%; TDN 74.9), bypass fat addition (BF; CP, 14%; TDN 74.9), and glycerol plus bypass fat additive (GL+BF; CP, 14%; TDN 74.9). During the experimental period, automatic temperature-humidity recorders were used for measuring every 10 minutes in the pen. The temperature-humidity index (THI) range of the 1st and 2nd periods was recorded above the threshold (THI 75~77) level based on the Korean beef heat stress index, and the average THI of the 2nd period was 79.91, being the mild-moderate (THI 78~81) level. The dry matter intake (DMI) and average daily gain (ADG) did not show significant differences in all treatments during the whole period. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) during 1st and 2nd periods showed the same pattern because FCR is related to DMI and ADG. Additionally, the rectal temperature showed no significant difference in all treatments, but a significant difference in each period (P &lt; 0.05). The results demonstrated that early fattening Hanwoo steers under mild-moderate stress did not affect DMI and productivity but 9.8% of GL or 1.9% BF in a concentrate only could be included in Hanwoo steers diets without decreasing palatability. In addition, increasing the energy content in the feed by 5% did not lead to a difference in productivity. Further studies would be needed on the effect of increasing the energy density on productivity under more severe thermal stress conditions.

scholarly journals The efficacy of the probiotic feed additive Calsporin® (Bacillus subtilis C-3102) in broilers: combined analysis of four different studies

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Marubashi ◽  
M. I. Gracia ◽  
E. Esteve-Garcia ◽  
M. Piskoríková
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Inclusion Rate

SummaryThe efficacy of the probiotic feed additive, Calsporin® (CAL; Bacillus subtilis C-3102), included in broiler diets at 50 mg/kg was evaluated using statistical meta-analysis of data from four different studies conducted using broilers from day-old to market weight at 42 days of age. The body weight, average daily gain, feed intake, feed to gain ratio, mortality and European Production Efficiency Factor (EPEF) data from each experiment were tested for homogeneity between trials before being pooled and analysed in combination to determine whether benefits were consistent independent of trial site and conditions. CAL supplementation significantly improved weight gain (P = 0.0037) between 1 and 21 days of age (3.3%) and feed conversion ratio (P = 0.0492) between 22 and 42 days of age (3.0%). Over the entire experimental period (day 1 to day 42 of age), broilers fed the CAL diets had significantly better (P = 0.0142) feed conversion (2.6%) and higher (P = 0.0062) EPEF (4.6%) compared to the controls. Birds fed diets supplemented with CAL were 1.6% heavier than controls at 42 days of age, a near-significant trend (P = 0.0558). The results demonstrated that CAL in broiler diets, added at an inclusion rate of 50 mg/kg, can be beneficial in terms of broiler performance.

scholarly journals Performance, carcass characteristics, and centesimal composition of meat from Santa Inês lambs and Texel crossbred lambs (Santa Inês × Texel)

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-236
Author(s):  
Iolanda Aparecida Nunes ◽  
Ricardo Alessandro Martins Brito ◽  
Letícia Aparecida de Morais ◽  
Vanessa Souza Silva ◽  
Marco Antônio Pereira da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Santa Inês ◽  
Daily Gain

This study evaluated the performance, carcass characteristics, and centesimal composition of the meat of intact and castrated lambs of the Santa Inês breed and of the crossbred animals: one-half Santa Inês × one-half Texel. Thirty-four lambs were used, nine intact and nine castrated males of the Santa Inês breed, and seven intact and nine castrated crossbred males, all aged between 6 and 7 mo and with an average live weight of 18.2 kg. The design was completely randomized in a 2 × 2 factorial (two crossing and two sexual conditions), with statistical analyses performed in the STAT version 9.4 program. There was a significant difference the Santa Inês and the Texel and Santa Inês crossbred animals in feed conversion and average daily gain, with superiority of the latter group. Castration of animals aged <12 mo had no significant effect on the performance and on the carcass traits of the Texel and Santa Inês crossbred animals, whereas the genotype had a great influence on weight gain and on subjective and quantitative carcass characteristics, demonstrating that crosses in sheep are needed to explore the complementarity of breeds, and heterosis is needed to achieve better performances and carcass characteristics.

scholarly journals DIFFERENT LEVELS OF PROTEIN ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SYNTHETIC BROILER

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
SC Roy ◽  
MS Alam ◽  
MA Ali ◽  
SD Chowdhury ◽  
C Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Different Levels

An experiment was conducted with fifty four, 21 days old synthetic broiler (fifth generation) to study the effect of different levels of dietary protein on the performance of broiler during growing and finisher period. Three levels of protein i.e. T1 (18% CP), T2 (19% CP) and T3 (20%CP) were considered as the dietary treatments. The body weight achieved at 42 days of age was 1422.00, 1705.37 and 1563.67 gm in T1, T2 and T3, respectively which differs significantly (p< 0.01). The live weight gain at 42 days was also highest in T2 (19% CP) diet and significantly (p< 0.05) differed from T1 (18% CP) and T3 (20% CP) diets. Feed conversion ratios at the end of experimental period were 2.20, 1.75 and 1.87 in T1, T2 and T3, respectively which differs significantly (p<0.05). The performance index at 42 days of age was 50.66, 82.67 and 63.58 for T1, T2 and T3 respectively while feed consumption, livability and meat yield were not significantly (p>0.05) affected by dietary treatments. The net profit per kg live broiler was significantly highest (Tk.14.09/kg) (p<0.01) in T2 diet as compared to other treatments. It may be concluded that 19% crude protein diet, was the best with respect to growth, FCR and net profit for synthetic broiler (fifth generation) during growing and finisher period.DOI = http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v8i2.11193 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2010). 8 (2) : 117-122 

The effect of rate of gain during the growing and finishing periods on the feed efficiency and carcass composition of the pig: II. Contrasting patterns of growth produced by different rates of gain from 20 to 55 kg and 55 to 87 kg live weight

1968 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Walker ◽  
D. W. Holme ◽  
T. J. Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Significant Difference

SUMMARYPigs were grown at controlled rates of live-weight gain from 20 to 55 kg and from 55 to 87 kg live weight, at which weight they were slaughtered. Six growth-rate treatments were compared and were referred to as High-High (HH), High-Moderate (HM), High-Low (HL), Moderate-High (MH), Moderate-Moderate (MM) and Low-High (LH). The right-hand side of each carcass was divided into the four primary jointsand each joint was physically dissected into bone, skin, subcutaneous fat and lean meat. The boneless tissue of each joint was analyzed for moisture, ether extractable fat and nitrogen.It was found that an increase in the rate of live-weight gain in the first growth period, tended toimprove the efficiency with which feed was converted into live weight. In the second growth period the efficiency of feed conversion was dependent on the rate of gain both in that period and in the preceding period. Restricted growth in the first period improved the efficiency of feed conversion both in the second period and over the entire experimental period compared with rapid early growth. The implications of compensatory growth are discussed.There was no treatment effect on carcass length, but hindleg length and ham circumference measurements showed that the proportion of gammon in the side was lower in the HH pigs compared with the other five treatments. This was confirmed by the weight of the gammon joint expressed as a percentage of the trimmed side. There was also a decrease in the proportion of shoulder and an increase in the proportion of middle in the HH pigs. Differences between the other five treatments were small. The changes in conformation were due largely to the effect on fat distribution throughout the side particularly in the gammon and back regions.The HH treatment resulted in a significant increase in the percentage fat in the side compared witheach of the other five treatments. Within these five treatments there was no significant difference in the percentage fat in the side. This suggests that equal importance may be attached to the rate of live-weight gain in both the growing (20–55 kg) and finishing (55–87 kg) periods in determining the fatnessof the bacon weight carcass.The treatments had little effect on the chemical composition of the fat-free boneless meat.The results are discussed in relation to current growth theory.

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