scholarly journals Wear Analysis of Compression Ignition Engine using Mesua ferea linn Methyl Eseter

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2181-2186
Keyword(s):  
Wear Debris ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Small Disk ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Animal Fats

As the standard of living is increasing day by day, the demand for energy consumption is also increasing due to the increasing population and expanding urbanization.At the same time,the whole world is aware about the depletion of petroleum reserves and its impact on environment pollution through exhaust emissions which has become a major threat to the whole world, so to deal with this there is an urgent need of suitable alternative fuels for use in diesel engine. Biodiesel is a suitable alternative fuel which is generally produced from renewable biological resources like vegetable oil and animal fats. It is biodegradable , non toxic, has lower emissions profile and at the same time environment friendly. In this study, biodiesel is prepared using mesua ferea linn(MFL)seed oil by transterification process. Two similar engines were operated for long turm endurance test using optimum biodiesel blend and petroleum-diesel oil, respectively. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) was used to check the wear debris concentration in lubricating oil samples which were drawn from both the engines after a fixed interval of time. Biodiesel operated engine showed lower wear debris concentration as compared to diesel operated engine. Scanning electron microscopy( SEM) showed lower damage of small disk of piston ring when operated with 20% biodiesel fuel, which revealed the better lubricity of biodiesel fuel. Also, carbon deposition of various parts like fuel injector, piston head were found to be lower in biodiesel used engine than that of diesel used engine.

Wear Assessment in a Biodiesel Fueled Compression Ignition Engine

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 820-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Agarwal ◽  
J. Bijwe ◽  
L. M. Das
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Engine Fuel ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Metal Debris ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Biodiesel Blend

Biodiesel is prepared using linseed oil and methanol by the process of transesterification. Use of linseed oil methyl ester (LOME) in a compression ignition engine was found to develop a highly compatible engine-fuel system with low emission characteristics. Two similar engines were operated using optimum biodiesel blend and mineral diesel oil, respectively. These were subjected to long-term endurance tests. Lubricating oil samples drawn from both engines after a fixed interval were subjected to elemental analysis. Quantification of various metal debris concentrations was done by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Wear metals were found to be about 30% lower for a biodiesel-operated engine system. Lubricating oil samples were also subjected to ferrography indicating lower wear debris concentrations for a biodiesel-operated engine. The additional lubricating property of LOME present in the fuel resulted in lower wear and improved life of moving components in a biodiesel-fuelled engine. However, this needed experimental verification and quantification. A series of experiments were thus conducted to compare the lubricity of various concentrations of LOME in biodiesel blends. Long duration tests were conducted using reciprocating motion in an SRV optimol wear tester to evaluate the coefficient of friction, specific wear rates, etc. The extent of damage, coefficient of friction, and specific wear rates decreased with increase in the percentage of LOME in the biodiesel blend. Scanning electron microscopy was conducted on the surfaces exposed to wear. The disk and pin using 20% biodiesel blend as the lubricating oil showed lesser damage compared to the one subjected to diesel oil as the lubricating fluid, confirming additional lubricity of biodiesel.

Effect of Biodiesel Utilization of Wear of Vital Parts in Compression Ignition Engine

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 604-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Agarwal ◽  
J. Bijwe ◽  
L. M. Das
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Pump Failure ◽  
Biodiesel Blend

The combustion related properties of vegetable oils are somewhat similar to diesel oil. Neat vegetable oils or their blends with diesel, however, pose various long-term problems in compression ignition engines, e.g., poor atomization characteristics, ring-sticking, injector coking, injector deposits, injector pump failure, and lube oil dilution by crank-case polymerization. These undesirable features of vegetable oils are because of their inherent properties like high viscosity, low volatility, and polyunsaturated character. Linseed oil methyl ester (LOME) was prepared using methanol for long-term engine operations. The physical and combustion-related properties of the fuels thus developed were found to be closer to that of the diesel oil. A blend of 20 percent was selected as optimum biodiesel blend. Two similar new engines were completely disassembled and subjected to dimensioning of various vital moving parts and then subjected to long-term endurance tests on 20 percent biodiesel blend and diesel oil, respectively. After completion of the test, both the engines were again disassembled for physical inspection and wear measurement of various vital parts. The physical wear of various vital parts, injector coking, carbon deposits on piston, and ring sticking were found to be substantially lower in case of 20 percent biodiesel-fuelled engine. The lubricating oil samples drawn from both engines were subjected to atomic absorption spectroscopy for measurement of various wear metal traces present. AAS tests confirmed substantially lower wear and thus improved life for biodiesel operated engines.

scholarly journals Performance and emission characteristics of preheating corn oil methyl ester in CI Engine

Mechanika ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 413-418
Author(s):  
Gopinath Varudharajan
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Performance And Emission

In the present work on unheated Corn oil methyl ester and Preheated Corn oil methyl ester is used to prepare different concentration blends with diesel, B20, B40 and B60 were used as alternative fuels in a compression ignition engine. The properties like calorific value, flash point, fire point and viscosity of these oils were determined. The viscosity of corn oils has been reduced through transterification process. The waste heat energy from the exhaust gas was reused to preheat the corn oil around 80°C by adjusting the flow rate of exhaust gas.  The performance and emission characteristics of a single cylinder, direct injection diesel engine were determined using unheated corn oil, Preheated Corn oil and diesel. Brake thermal efficiency of preheated B20 was more than other blends and unheated fuels but equal to diesel fuel. Brake specific fuel consumption, CO2 and HC of preheated B20 were less than unheated fuels and diesel. However, the NOx emission of preheated B20 was little higher than unheated fuels and diesel due to high combustion temperature. By considering the result of all the factors, preheated B20 blend was found to be a suitable alternative for diesel fuel.

Experimental Investigations on the Effect of Long Term Biodiesel Usage on Thermal Decomposition of CI Engine Crankcase Oil

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purnanand V. Bhale ◽  
Nishikant V. Deshpande ◽  
Piyush N. Deshpande
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Endurance Tests ◽  
Ci Engines ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

The gradual depletion of world petroleum reserves, increases in prices of petroleum based fuels and environmental pollution due to exhaust emissions have encouraged studies to search for alternative fuels. Biodiesel is an alternative diesel fuel consisting of alkyl monoesters of fatty acids derived from vegetable oils. It has been the focus of considerable amount of recent research because it is renewable and reduces the emission of some pollutants. The desirability of developing biodiesel from different tree borne oil seeds and decreasing the dependency on petroleum based fuels has been discussed by many over the last few decades. However some of the important issues like compatibility of biodiesel with the crankcase lubricating oil, thermal stability of lubricating oil with biodiesel usage, changes in physical and chemical properties of lubricating oil with biodiesel etc. have not been sufficiently investigated. This needs to be addressed in order to ensure the long term acceptability of biodiesel in an existing family of diesel engines. In the present work these issues have been addressed. For this purpose engine endurance tests were conducted on CI engines. Two new single cylinder four stroke CI engines were operated for 512 hours each for diesel and 100% biodiesel fuel. The endurance tests were conducted as per BIS 10000 part IX norms. Biodiesel from Jatropha oil was prepared in-house using transesterification process. The sample of lubricating oil was collected through a one way valve connected to the crankcase sump after every 128 hours intervals. Thermograviometric analysis (TGA) was used to evaluate the thermal stability of lubricating oil samples obtained from both the engines. The thermal decomposition of lubricating oil samples were measured as a function of various reaction parameters such as temperature, time and heating rates. This TGA test involves a weight change as the oil was heated. The weight loss data of the sample was logged using the in situ computer. Early decomposition of biodiesel fueled engine lubricating oil was observed as compared to diesel fueled engine lubricating oil. The changes in viscosity of lubricating oil were also monitored during the endurance test and discussed in detail. A higher level of crank case dilution was observed in case of biodiesel as compared to diesel.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF CNG IN A FUEL DOSE ON THE COMBUSTION PROCESS OF A COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINE

Transport ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Mikulski ◽  
Sławomir Wierzbicki
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Compression Ignition Engines ◽  
Main Component

Currently, one of the major trends in the research of contemporary combustion engines involves the potential use of alternative fuels. Considerable attention has been devoted to methane, which is the main component of Natural Gas (NG) and can also be obtained by purification of biogas. In compression-ignition engines fired with methane or Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), it is necessary to apply a dual-fuel feeding system. This paper presents the effect of the proportion of CNG in a fuel dose on the process of combustion. The recorded time series of pressure in a combustion chamber was used to determine the repeatability of the combustion process and the change of fuel compression-ignition delay in the combustion chamber. It has been showed that NG does not burn completely in a dual-fuel engine. The best conditions for combustion are ensured with higher concentrations of gaseous fuel. NG ignition does not take place simultaneously with diesel oil ignition. Moreover, if a divided dose of diesel is injected, NG ignition probably takes place at two points, as diesel oil.

Non-Conventional Feedstock and Technologies for Biodiesel Production

2018 ◽  
pp. 96-118
Author(s):  
Edith Martinez-Guerra ◽  
Tapaswy Muppaneni ◽  
Veera Gnaneswar Gude ◽  
Shuguang Deng
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Transportation Fuels ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Security Issues

Increased consumption and energy security issues have led many developed and developing countries to seek methods to produce alternative fuels. Biodiesel is one such high-density alternative fuel that can increase the longevity of transportation fuels. Biodiesel can be produced from a wide range of feedstock using simple process schemes. In the past, edible oils were used as feedstock for biodiesel fuel production; however, use of non-traditional feed stock like waste cooking oil, non-edible oils, animal fats, and algae can make biodiesel production a sustainable process. The high free fatty acids content in the feedstock, longer reaction rates, high energy consumption, and the catalysts used in the conversion process pose some limitations for current biodiesel production. These limitations can be addressed by developing novel process techniques such as microwaves and ultrasound and by developing non-catalytic transesterification methods. Enhancing byproduct recovery seems to be an important strategy to improve the energy footprint and economics of current biodiesel production.

scholarly journals Fischer-Tropsch Diesel and Biofuels Exergy and Energy Analysis for Low Emissions Vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 5958
Author(s):  
Felipe Andrade Torres ◽  
Omid Doustdar ◽  
Jose Martin Herreros ◽  
Runzhao Li ◽  
Robert Poku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Fischer Tropsch ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Exergetic Analysis ◽  
New Generation

This research investigates the effects of a synthetic diesel-like fuel (Fischer-Tropsch diesel) and biofuels (ethanol and biodiesel) fuel blends on the energy-exergy efficiencies and gaseous exhaust emissions characteristics of a compression ignition engine. Two blends of alternative fuels denoted as E15B35FTD50 (15% ethanol, 35% biodiesel, and 50% Fischer-Tropsch diesel) and E15B35D50 (15% ethanol, 35% biodiesel, and 50% diesel) were experimentally studied on a single-cylinder diesel engine and compared to diesel fuel. The results show that the energetic and the exergetic efficiencies of the alternative fuels are comparable to those of the engine fueled with diesel fuel. The unburnt HC, NO, N2O, and NH3 emissions were reduced for the two alternative fuel blends compared to diesel, while CO emissions increased. The light HC species were found to slightly increase for the alternative fuel blends in comparison with diesel fuel. However, the total HC was considerably reduced by the combustion of E15B35FTD50 not only when compared to the diesel fuel combustion, but also when compared to E15B35D50. Overall, these results may contribute to identifying advantages and limitations in terms of energetic-exergetic analysis and emissions for the new generation of conventional diesel and hybrid electric vehicles that aim to achieve future emissions regulations.

scholarly journals Investigation of parameters of mixing and heat formation of diesel engines in the process of using alternative fuels

2020 ◽  
pp. 109-123
Author(s):  
V. M. Melnyk ◽  
M. M. Liakh ◽  
M. M. Synoverskyi
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Opening Angle ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
The Core ◽  
Engine Power

Today in Ukraine and the world there is a growing shortage of commercial fuels for engines. This is due to the tendency to regulate the production of hydrocarbons, which is the main raw material for their production. Therefore, in order to reduce oil imports, alternative fuels for diesel engines based on oils and animal fats are be-coming more widespread today. In this regard, intensive work is underway to convert internal combustion engines to biofuels in countries with limited fuel and energy resources, as well as in highly developed countries that have the ability to purchase liquid energy. Biodiesel fuel (biodiesel, RME, RME, FAME, EMAG, etc.) is an environmentally friendly type of biofuel obtained from vegetable and animal fats and used to replace petroleum diesel fuel. In the process of using RME B100 biodiesel fuel on the Renault 2.5 DCI engine, the average diameter of the fuel droplets is increased and the flare opening angle is reduced. This leads to impaired fuel distribution in the areas of the spray torch. Only 50% of the fuel is in the jet shell, which leads to impaired mixing of fuel with air. In the core of the wall there is 18% of fuel, which will spread along the walls and mix poorly with air. The remaining 36% of the fuel will be in the core of the jet, the front of the free jet and the areas of intersection of the near-wall streams, and will partially participate in the mixing. The use of biodiesel fuel RME B100 leads to a delay of heat by 18-20 degrees of rotation of the crankshaft, which will increase fuel consumption and reduce engine power. Thus, according to studies of the Renault 2.5 DCI engine on commercial and biodiesel RME B100, it is established that the use of biodiesel leads to a deterioration of the mixture due to reduced heat and as a result increases fuel consumption, reducing engine power.

Experimental investigations of the effect of biodiesel utilization on lubricating oil tribology in diesel engines

2005 ◽  
Vol 219 (5) ◽  
pp. 703-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
A K Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Density Measurement ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Engine Fuel ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Endurance Tests

Biodiesel is an alternative fuel derived from vegetable oils by modifying their molecular structure through a transesterification process. Linseed oil methyl ester (LOME) was prepared using methanol in the presence of potassium hydroxide as a catalyst. The use of LOME in compression ignition engines was found to develop a very compatible engine-fuel system with lower emission characteristics. Two identical engines were subjected to long-term endurance tests, fuelled by an optimum biodiesel blend (20 per cent LOME) and diesel oil, respectively. Various tribological studies on lubricating oil samples drawn at regular intervals from both engines were conducted in order to correlate the comparative performance of the two fuels and the effect of fuel chemistry on lubricating oil performance and life. A number of tests were conducted in order to evaluate the comparative performances of the two fuels such as density measurement, viscosity measurements, Flashpoint determination, moisture content determination, pentane and benzene insolubles, thin layer chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, etc. All these tests were used for an indirect interpretation of the comparative performance of these fuels. The performance of biodiesel fuel is found to be superior to that of diesel oil and the lubricating oil life is found to be longer while operating the engine on biodiesel

Numerical Simulation of a Compression Ignition Engine Using Biodiesel Fuel

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Purohit ◽  
K. Aung
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Ci Engine ◽  
Ci Engines

Increasing concerns over pollutant emissions from diesel engines have prompted researchers to find replacement fuels for diesel engines. The use of alternative fuels such as biodiesel in compression-ignition (CI) engines is beneficial to the environment as it reduces emissions of pollutants with slight penalty on the performance. This paper investigated the use of biodiesel fuel (rapeseed oil) in a CI engine by numerical simulations. The numerical simulations were based on the models of finite heat release, cylinder heat transfer, and friction losses. Simulations were carried out to evaluate the effects of compression ratio, equivalence ratio, and engine speed on the performance of the CI engine. The results of the simulations were compared with experimental data from the literature to validate the simulations. Good agreements between the computed and experimental results were obtained. The results showed that the current model could satisfactorily predict the performance of a biodiesel-fueled CI engine.

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