scholarly journals COGNITIVE ASPECT OF THE UZBEK IDIOMATIC WORDS AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS IN ENGLISH

2019 ◽  
pp. 77-85
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Cognitive Aspect ◽  
Conceptual Connection ◽  
Linguistic Units

The progressing of the Uzbek linguistics and learning approaches to language, especially, problems of cognitive linguistics have been analyzed in the article. The results show that cognitive approach and methods of cognitive language materials carried out legislation of lexical units of the Uzbek language, as the materials of the Uzbek language indicate the reasons of conceptual connection of linguistic units, including the semantic factor of cognitive linguistic connection were illuminated in the article. The main characteristics of idiomatic units were based on conceptual connection. Some idiomatic words of the Uzbek language were translated into English with their equivalents. A variety of Uzbek language materials is based on the perception of reality, knowledge, opportunities linguistic memory of people. The article is dedicated to the research of ways of idiomaticity in the Uzbek word formation. It describes various causes of emergence of idiomaticity in compound words. The aim of the research work is the study of the cognitive aspect of idiomatic words of the Uzbek language. The role of cognitive mechanisms in word formation and verbalization of language units is considered as one of the topical problems of linguistics. The author of the article analyzes the cognitive bases of the formation of the idiomatic words in the Uzbek language. Conceptual metonymy, conceptual metaphor and metaphtonymy were demonstrated as basic cognitive mechanisms in the formation of idiomatic words. Moreover, the article covers the problems of engendering of idiomatic words as a result of human being’s understanding of the world, their reflection in human being's cognition and the process of reflection of cognitive mechanisms in the formation of the concept.

scholarly journals Linguacognitive and Linguoculturological Features of the Opposition Concept Good and Bad in Different Structural Languages (In English and Uzbek)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1243-1247
Author(s):  
Hasanov Elyorjon Odiljonovich
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Knowledge ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Mental Processes ◽  
Linguistic Units

Annotation: The relevance of this study is due to its connection with the modern direction of language learning - cognitive linguistics, which makes it possible to identify the specifics of the representation of human knowledge, including evaluative ones, in the semantics of linguistic units. The prospect of the cognitive approach in studying the processes of evaluative conceptualization and evaluative categorization is explained by the fact that it makes it possible to assess the role of a person in the perception and evaluation of the surrounding reality and the formation of evaluative values, taking into account the interaction of cognitive and linguistic factors. Accordingly, the evaluative categories "good" and "bad" in this study are considered from the point of view of the mental processes of evaluative conceptualization and evaluative categorization and their refraction in linguistic meanings. Keywords: concept, language, linguacultural study, linguacultural concept "bad", linguacultural concept "good", linguistic materialization of a concept, linguacultural research.

scholarly journals Cognitive Models of Concepts Transformation in Some German Sports Terms Borrowed from English

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-56
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
English Language ◽  
Professional Sports ◽  
Conceptual Structure ◽  
Cognitive Models ◽  
German Language ◽  
Original Structure ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Linguistic Units

The article examines the linguistic aspects of the process of borrowing terms from the English language into the sports sphere of the German language from the perspective of a cognitive approach. It analyses the features of cognitive interaction of the conceptual systems of professional spheres. The paper describes transformation models of cognitive structures into the recipient language in the process of terminological borrowing on the material of sports Anglicisms of the German language. The study shows that loanwords most often convey a conceptual structure in the recipient language, which is generated on the basis of already existing mental structures in the source language. Various cognitive models of the transformation of the “alien” concept are defined: preserving the original structure of the prototype concept; developing new conceptual features in the recipient language; narrowing the conceptual structure of the concept prototype. The research contributes to the problem of the representation of knowledge in a term, the identification of linguistic and cognitive mechanisms of knowledge representation through borrowed linguistic units. The results can be used in the courses on cognitive linguistics, lexicology, in research practice and lexicographical descriptions, as well as in teaching practical language skills in professional sports. Keywords: Borrowing, terms, sports terminology, cognitive terminology, professional knowledge.

THE COGNITIVE POTENTIAL OF METAPHOR IN SCIENTIFIC DISCOURSE

2021 ◽  
pp. 120-129
Author(s):  
Anastasiya A. Pyatunina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spiritual Growth ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Efficient Communication ◽  
Science And Culture

The article is devoted to metaphor: its definition, classification, and various approaches to its study. The author attempts to analyze metaphor outside the research field of rhetoric (which traditionally interprets it as a tool of efficient communication) and uses a linguo-cognitive approach to consider it. Within the framework of this approach, metaphor is equated with the cat- egory of thinking and is interpreted as a way of exploring the world and one of the most important cognitive mechanisms used by an individual in the process of his spiritual growth. Since the role of metaphor was completely re-estimated from the point of view of cognitive linguistics, metaphor was no longer considered as a factor inhibiting the formation of scientific knowledge. It was discovered as a unify- ing principle, a semantic potential, which eventually revealed in it the signs of anthropometry that, in turn, served as an impetus for the development of cognitive science. Re-estimation of the role and place of metaphor in the post-nonclassical epistemological field presupposes the evolution of its status: from a common linguistic technique to a meaning-making center, a bridge between being and knowing, subject and object, language and world, science and culture.

scholarly journals Tracing the Roots of Cognitive Linguistics in Hermann Paul’s “Principles of the History of Language”

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (33) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Tatyana V. Romanova
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Vantage Point ◽  
Important Work ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
History Of ◽  
German Linguist ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

The paper examines the impact of Hermann Paul’s ideas on the development of anthropocentric cognitive linguistics in Russia and Europe. The anthropocentric and pragmatic approaches to the study of language, related, in particular, to the consideration of language as “the language of the individual” and a product of personal experience, were formulated by the German linguist Hermann Paul (1846-1921) in his Principles of the History of Language (1920). In this important work, Paul argues that language development is driven by subjective, psychological factors, acknowledging the Man’s central role in the learning process (anthropocentrism). Viewing Paul’s position from the vantage point of modern linguistics, the article seeks to establish the rightness of the cognitive school in linguistics, provides a brief overview of Paul’s key ideas and concludes that he anticipated and formulated the main principles of the cognitive approach to language, namely: language as a product of individual experience, the role of individual notions in forming a word’s meaning, analogy as a mechanism of language acquisition, metaphor as a mechanism of learning and the connection of language with other mental processes.

Conversion as metonymy

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Word Formation

This paper considers the notion that conversion should be viewed as being metonymical, which is well-established in Cognitive Linguistics. Against the background of the wider discussion of metonymy in word-formation, criteria for distinguishing derivation from figurative extension are proposed, criteria which support the notion of conversion as being metonymical, despite the fact that change from one lexeme to another is not typical of figurative readings. Such a conclusion raises other questions about the role of metonymy in word-formation.

scholarly journals LINGUODIDACTIC APPROACHES TO TEACHING RUSSIAN WORD-FORMATION IN A FOREIGN AUDIENCE

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Л.К. Красильникова
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Dominant Position ◽  
Russian Word ◽  
Formation System

Статья посвящена актуальным вопросам обучения иностранных учащихся русскому словообразованию. В ней рассматривается полипарадигмальность современной лингвистики, которая находит свое преломление в теории и практике преподавания РКИ в области русского словообразования. При доминирующей роли функционально-коммуникативного подхода к изучению и представлению языкового материала в аспекте РКИ продуктивным является обращение к методам когнитивной лингвистики и лингвокультурологии. Приводятся примеры использования таких единиц системы русского словообразования, как словообразовательная парадигма и словообразовательное гнездо в качестве базы для развития речи иностранных учащихся в рамках разговорных тем «Русская природа» и «Роль животных в жизни человека». The article is about topical issues of teaching Russian word-formation to foreign students. Polyparadigmatic approach of Modern Linguistics is applied to the theory and practice of teaching Russian as a foreign language, particularly Russian word-formation. Allthough the functional-communicative approach to the study and presentation of language material in the aspect of Russian as a foreign language has the dominant position, it is productive to turn to the methods of cognitive linguistics and linguoculturology. Russian word-formation system units such as the word-formation paradigm and the word-formation nest are used as a basis for the development of foreign students' speech within such conversation topics as «Russian Nature» and «The role of animals in Human life».

scholarly journals Features of Adaptation of English Borrowings in Chinese (Using of Word ‘Hacker’)

2021 ◽  
pp. 128-141
Author(s):  
Xue Chen
Keyword(s):  
Computer Technology ◽  
Chinese Language ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Constant Component ◽  
Modern Trend ◽  
Complex Word ◽  
The Past ◽  
Linguistic Units ◽  
Semantic Scope

The peculiarities of adaptation of anglicisms in the Chinese language are considered. It is shown that the penetration of English linguistic units into the Chinese language is a modern trend, especially in the field of computer technology. It is noted that the morphemes of borrowed words, penetrating into the Chinese language, take part in word formation in the role of classifiers, becoming a constant component of a complex word, which ensures the productivity of a certain model in the Chinese language. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the semantic scope of the term hacker. It has been established that the word hacker has developed different meanings over the past decades. It is pointed out that as the role of the hacker in life changed, the word acquired new interpretations, from neutral ‘specialist’ to negative ‘miscreant’. It is shown that the most active way of borrowing anglicisms is transliteration: the word hacker functions in the Chinese language in the form of two hieroglyphs 黑客, where the second component is included in the “X + 客” model, according to which other neologisms are created. It was revealed that the model is the most productive for the formation of words with the meaning of a person engaged in a certain activity, which is largely due to the active use of the word hacker in the Chinese language.

scholarly journals The Problems of Conceptualization and Categorization in English Terminology

Discourse ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
S. V. Kiseleva ◽  
M. Yu. Mironova ◽  
N. А. Trofimova
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
New Words ◽  
System A ◽  
The World ◽  
Central Elements ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Communication Needs

Introduction. The paper focuses on the linguistic concepts of terminology and a term system, provides the views of linguists on the definition and differentiation of these terms, explains the semantics of the word and the term, as well as the role of the cognitive approach in modern terminology. The scientific work defines a concept and a category, and describes the role of the processes of conceptualization and categorization in English terminology. As more than 90 % of new words appearing in modern languages is vocabulary for special purposes, it is increasingly important to study the ways of their formation. The research is relevant since it provides a deeper understanding of the structure and content of concepts that underlie the formation of language categories, the mechanisms of interaction between cognitive and language structures in the process of forming the terminological meaning.Methodology and sources. In light of the cognitive approach to understanding the semantics of a word the authors emphasize anthropocentrist thinking, language picture of the world and lexical-semantic variants of the word. The cognitive approach allows us to reveal the causes and mechanisms of dynamic processes in the field of professional nomination, taking into account the changing cognitive and communication needs of people. The research is made using corpora data.Results and discussion. It has been found out, that cognitive categories are linked to conceptually defined prototypes that are crucial for the formation of categories. The necessary to define the central elements of prototypical categories has been proved, as they make the category logical, understandable and convenient, since all members of the category meet a given list of characteristics. As a result of the research it has been proved that in an investment terminological system a prototype turns out to be the best representative of a category.Conclusion. It has been concluded that the study of conceptualization and categorization processes is extremely important when analyzing terminological systems in general, and investment terminological system of English, in particular, because it allows to identify the basic concepts underlying the formation of terminological systems. The study of the principles and mechanisms of categorization of language units makes it possible to identify and analyze their prototypical semantics in terms of their common properties with the prototype of the category. This possibility is of paramount importance for research in the field of cognitive linguistics, since it is the prototypical semantics of language units that largely determines their use in a sentence to convey a particular meaning.

scholarly journals AXIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVIZATION AS A TOOL OF DISCOURSE CONSTRUCTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 143-152
Author(s):  
N.N. KAZYDUB ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Strategic Communication ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
A Value ◽  
Cognitive Scripts

Statement of the problem. The problem of discourse construction with the emphasis on linguistic interactions as tools for solving communicative tasks is in the mainstream of modern linguistics. It involves elaborating methodological concepts that reveal the nature and principles of cognitive management in the discourse space built to reach a communicative goal through creating communicative solidarity. Since discourse construction processes are motivated and shaped primarily by value concepts it is logical to model them in terms of axiological perspectivization. The purpose of the article is to substantiate and exemplify the role of axiological perspectivization as a cognitive operation aimed at winning the addressee’s empathy by activating value concepts that are relevant both culturally and personally. The methodology of the research bases on findings in the spheres of axiology, cognitive linguistics, discourse analysis, pragmatics, strategic communication. The interdisciplinary approach to the study of axiological perspectivization is motivated by the complex nature of the processes involved in discourse construction. Research results. Within the framework of discourse construction, the notions of axiological perspective and axiological perspectivization have been elaborated. The role of these notions as methodological tools for shaping linguistic interactions in view of the communicative goal set by the sender of the message has been substantiated. The axiological perspectivization is modelled as the process of creating an image that activates culture-based value concepts and involves the addressee in the activities planned by the addresser. The contribution of cognitive mechanisms (foregrounding, modalization, positivization, reframing) to the formation and realization of the axiological perspective has been exemplified Conclusions. This study presents a research into the problem of axiological foundations and support systems of discourse construction. Increasingly, the use of value concepts as bulding blocks of axiological perspectivization is a critical factor for positive feedback and, therefore, effective communication. The study widens the range of methodological tools for discourse construction by elaborating the notions of axiological perspective and axiological perspectivization and specifying cognitive mechanisms involved in producing a value-charged effect on the addressee. The process of axiological perspectivization is constituted by cognitive scripts of foregrounding, modalization, positivization and reframing that are represented by functionally appropriate language means including axiologemes, i.e. linguistic signs that incode key values of the society and cultural groups within the society.

scholarly journals ON THE INTRODUCTION OF THE TERM «COGNITIVE TOPONYMY»

2020 ◽  
pp. 142-150
Author(s):  
Ирина Анатольевна Мартыненко
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Mapping Method ◽  
Gis Mapping ◽  
Complex Method ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Word Combination ◽  
Place Naming ◽  
Goals And Objectives ◽  
Terminology System

Географические названия, несмотря на их денотативный характер, до недавнего времени не были объектом пристального внимания ученых-когнитивистов. Однако недавние исследования в области когнитивной лингвистики дали толчок развитию топонимики в этом направлении. Когнитивный аспект является основополагающим по отношению к топонимам в рамках той среды, в которой они функционируют, и делает возможным комплексное исследование топонимии региона. В ментальной системе с целостным мышлением язык и, внутри языка, топонимические представления, составляющие часть ментального лексикона, взаимосвязаны с пространственными представлениями. В статье анализируется как российская, так и зарубежная современная научная литература по когнитивному подходу к изучению топонимики, которая показывает, что в целом исследователи осторожно относятся к терминологии в когнитивно-топонимическом контексте, предпочитая заменять словосочетание «когнитивная топонимика» длинными описательными конструкциями. Тем не менее складывающаяся в мире ономастики ситуация говорит о постепенной интеграции данного понятия в лингвистическую термино¬систему. Автор задается вопросом о целесообразности введения термина «когнитивная топонимика» и обосновывает вывод о его необходимости в системе ономастической терминологии. В статье разрабатываются определения понятий «когнитивная топонимика» и «когнитивный топоним», делаются предположения о целях и задачах когнитивной топонимики как науки. Тесная связь между научно-познавательным подходом и топонимикой подтверждается примерами. Особое внимание уделяется роли зрительного и ментального восприятия в географических наименованиях. В рамках когнитивной топонимики, по оценкам автора, в дальнейшем будут изучаться воплощения информации в географических названиях, а также особенности использования топонимической лексики по сравнению с другими формами актуализации информации. По мнению автора, особо эффективным станет комплексный метод изучения топонимических единиц в рамках когнитивного анализа географических названий в сочетании со статистическим анализом, историко-географической реконструкцией, дескриптивным методом и методом картографирования ГИС. Place names, in spite of their denotative character, haven't been the object of close attention of cognitive scientists until recently. However, recent studies in cognitive linguistics have given impetus to the development of toponymy in this direction. The article analyzes both Russian and foreign scientific literature on the cognitive approach to the study of toponymics, which shows that, in general, researchers are cautious with terminology in the cognitive-toponymic context, preferring to replace the word combination «cognitive toponymy» with descriptive constructions. The author asks the question about the expediency of introducing the term «cognitive toponymy» and substantiates the conclusion about its necessity in onomastic terminology system. The article develops definitions for the concepts of «cognitive toponymy» and «cognitive toponym», makes assumptions about the goals and objectives of cognitive toponymy as a science. The close connection between scientific-cognitive approach and toponymy is supported by examples. Particular emphasis is made on the role of visual and mental perception in place naming. In the author’s opinion, the future lies with the complex method of studying toponymic units within the cognitive analysis of geographical names in combination with statistical analysis, historical and geographical reconstruction, descriptive method and GIS mapping method.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document