scholarly journals THE MARKETING EFFICIENCY FOR THE SOME VEGETABLE CROPS IN THE AGRICULTURAL PROVINCE OF BAGHDAD FOR SEASON SUMMER 2014

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Al fraji & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Wholesale Price ◽  
Transportation Costs ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Agricultural Commodities ◽  
Sale Price ◽  
Agricultural Marketing ◽  
Marketing Efficiency ◽  
Marketing Operations ◽  
Increasing Demand

Vegetables are considered important agricultural commodities for consumer , because they contain proteins carbohydrate, oil, and vitamins. There is an increasing demand for these products which makes the process to reach the consumer in suitable prices a necessary task . Agricultural marketing has an important role in making the price for these products especially the agricultural marketing . the object of this paper is to calculate the marketing  margin for some   vegetable crops, like tomatoes, cucumber, onions and potatoes, between whole sale price and consumer price in Baghdad province and to calculate the relative importance for marketing margin items. The research arrived to some results like that the marketing margin between wholesale price and consumer price represents an important part of what consumer spends as it was about 35.6% for tomatoes, 39.0% for cucumber, 23.0% for eggplant, and 36.6% for potatoes, 35.8% for onions and as average for all vegetables was about 34.1 % the relative importance of marketing margin components came in the first place , the profits of retailer as it was on  average for all vegetables about 42.6% and in the second place was come transportation costs as it  relative importance was on average about 18.8%  while the relative importance of marketing operations was 17.7%. And then came the marketing operations, packaging and loading costs.                                                                                                                                                                 

scholarly journals EFFICENCY OF MARKETING OF THE TABLE EGGS IN THE PRIVATE SECTOR IN PROVINCE OF BAGHDAD IN 2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bdeawe & Thamer
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Transportation Costs ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Agricultural Marketing ◽  
The Third ◽  
Marketing Efficiency ◽  
Marketing Costs ◽  
Marketing Margins

The study aims to measure the marketing margins and costs and the marketing efficiency of the table eggs were produced by the privete sector in Baghdad province, and to achive the study aims we design questionnaire are for the three marketing levels in marketing path : producer , wholsale trader and retailer trader. The results showed that share of produce which paid by consumer was (82%) as a one of indicators of high marketing efficiency , the producer prof it was about (68%), and profit of the wholesale trader about (18%), and profit of retailer profit about (14%). The study estimate the relative importance of item of the marketing margin between producer and consumer , the relative importance of profits of wholesale trader came in first rank by about (%38.7) from item of the marketing margin between producer and consumer , and in the secord rank came the relative importance of profits of retailer trader by about (%29.9) from items of the marketing margin between producr and consumer , and in the third rank came the relative importance of marketing costs of the whole saler trader by about (%25.7) from item the marketing margin between the producer and consumer of ter them came the relative importance of marketing costs of the retailer trader by (%4.3) from items of the marketing margin , while the relative importance of the transportation costs came in the last rank about (%1.3) from itiems of the marketing margin between producer and consumer. Thr marketing efficiency of the table eggs were produced according to scale (1) about (%89.19) and according to scale (2) about (%72.14) and this indicate hight of the marketing efficiency of the table eggs produced by private sector in Baghdad province according the two sacles .the study reached to some recommoudations such as providing the vechiles to transport the table eggs from producing points to marketing points which have airconditionrs to reduce the waste and damage of eggs during the marketing services, and providing producing equipmeyts and the agricultural marketing equipments of the table eggs by good quality and satible prices which has active role in decrease or increase the producing costs and agricultural marketing.

scholarly journals MARKETING MARGIN ACCOUNT BETWEEN THE PRODUCER AND CONSUMER PRICE OF SOME VEGETABLE CROPS IN THE PROVINCE OF BAGHDAD AND THE PRICE OF THE AGRICULTURAL SEASON FOR SUMMER 2014

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Al- Fraji & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Relative Importance ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Consumer Spending ◽  
Fresh Vegetables ◽  
Marketing Efficiency ◽  
Marketing Operations ◽  
Search Marketing ◽  
Marketing Costs ◽  
The One ◽  
Marketing Margins

This research aims to, analyze and estimate marketing margins and the relative importance of some vegetable crops in the province of Baghdad and then estimate the product share and wholesaler and retailer of consumer Iraqi dinars spent boil vegetable crops studied Results of the study showed that the margin catalog crops fresh vegetables varies from time to harvest as it was about 316 dinars Tomato and 315 for the option of water and 421.3 dinars eggplant and 448.5 dinars potato and 425.5 dinars onions dry.  How much the product share of consumer spending was about %58.3 and tomatoes %59.7 of the option and water %52.3 of the eggplant and %56.2  and potatoes 49.8% of dry onions. The share of the  wholesale  of consumer spending about 12% and tomatoes %13.5 of the option and water %11.2 of the eggplant and %9.5  and potato %9.2 onion dry. What share of the retailer of consumer spending about % 29.7  and tomatoes 23.3% of the option and water (36.4%) of the eggplant and 34.2% and potatoes 41.0% of dry onions. The relative importance of the terms of marketing margin for vegetable crops school came first prize profit retailer as it drew %42.6, and came in second place transportation as the percentage %18.8. And the third place came the profits of the wholesaler as the percentage %17.7, And it was ranked fourth marketing operations costs as the percentage %10.1  it ranked fifth  packing costs amounting to % 9.2  . It came sixth rank as loading costs amounted to %1.3. And that the margin between the search marketing is relatively high despite the decline in its absolute value, to the short distance between the producer and the consumer on the one hand and the lack of marketing tasks on the other hand care. Find recommendations came out of perhaps the most important work to raise marketing efficiency by changing market performance so that leads to lower costs functionality without modifying or reducing benefits or increasing the marketing benefits of marketing services without increasing marketing costs or achieve both.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF MARKETING OF SOME FRUIT’S CROPS IN THE PROVINCE OF BAGHDAD FOR THE AGRICULTURAL SEASON 2015 / 2014

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jassim & Thamir
Keyword(s):  
Marketing Channels ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Producer Price ◽  
Marketing Efficiency ◽  
Marketing Operations ◽  
Marketing Costs ◽  
High Level ◽  
Marketing Margins

 The high marketing margins for fruit crops and lower marketing efficiency in  the province of  Baghdad was the target of  the study and appreciation it and estimate the relative importance for its as well as marketing costs and measuring  Marketing Efficiency for fruit crops studied in the province of  Baghdad during the study period 2014/2015.The search has dealt with the evolution of  economic indicators for the marketing  efficiency of the fruit crops studied  in  the province of Baghdad during the period of the study it was found that the relative importance of absolute margin catalog between the producer price and  consumer price  represents a high proportion of which consumers pay, as an average for the total fruit crops studied around 48.80% , and  the relative  importance of earnings retailer of marketing margin came in the first prize, amounting to an average of the total fruit studied crops around 53.30%, and the wholesaler  profits occupied the second highest marketing margin, amounting on average to fruit crops studied 24.37% , and the marketing operations of wholesalers and retailers combined occupied the third place in  marketing  margin between the producer  price and consumer  price which reached  an average of crops studied about 8.36% This means that the marketing operations have an impact on the  prices paid  by the consumer the transportation costs occupied the fourth place in terms of relative importance  where  the averaging  for  that  fruit  studied about 7.98% , while the damaged quantities costs came in the fifth  rank in  terms of the relative  importance  that  reaching  an average for Fruit crops studied around 600.% , and  measurement of marketing efficiency and the factors influencing  them  in the study area where it was found  the  performance weakness of marketing system  for  fruit crops studied along the marketing channels which are passing through it where the average of the marketing efficiency, according to the three laws used in extracted are 64.87% by the scale 1 with the limits of 40.66% according to the scale 2 and with the limits of 48.50% by the scale 3 It is generally low.One of the main conclusions reached high level of share brokers asymptotic almost to the share of producers of consumer dinars because of their ability to bargain without providing marketing services equivalent to the marketing services provided by the product which thus weakening stimulate producers to develop their production and some of their marketing activities.So the study recommends activating the role of the two devices in order to catalog and indicative determined to take their role in providing guidance and advice to farmers in the marketing of agricultural crops in order to raise efficiency of marketing fruit crops. 

scholarly journals Study on the Perishable Product’s Pricing Decision With Overconfident Consumers in the Dual-Channel Setting

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Ying Li ◽  
Guihang Guo
Keyword(s):  
Wholesale Price ◽  
Information Collection ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Sale Price ◽  
Direct Selling ◽  
Sales Revenue ◽  
Optimal Analysis ◽  
Dual Channel ◽  
Pricing Decision ◽  
The Mean

With the development of internet, the online shopping mode has become more popular among consumers, and the online direct selling becomes more common. Besides buying products from traditional stores, consumers could get the product directly from the manufacturer online. In the dual channel setting, the competition becomes fiercer. Retailer should focus more on the price decision and take suitable pricing strategy to increase its profit. In this paper, consumer’s overconfidence behavior is incorporated into perishable products’ pricing decision in the partially integrated dual channel setting. Through the analysis of consumer’s decision making process, this paper constructs the model for partially integrated manufacturer and retailer under the mean and precision overconfidence scenarios, conducts the optimal analysis, and analyzes the effect of consumer’s overconfidence level on the optimal wholesale, retail and direct selling prices. We conclude that, no matter consumers are mean-overconfident or precision-overconfident; there are optimal wholesale price, direct sale price and retail price. Business enterprises should enhance their information collection capability and adopt some marketing measures to influence consumer’s overconfidence level in order to increase the sales revenue.

scholarly journals NMR-Based Metabolomic Study of Purple Carrot Optimal Harvest Time for Utilization as a Source of Bioactive Compounds

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8493
Author(s):  
Fabio Sciubba ◽  
Alberta Tomassini ◽  
Giorgio Giorgi ◽  
Elisa Brasili ◽  
Gabriella Pasqua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Natural Colorant ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Optimal Harvest ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Chemical Biomarkers

The carrot (Daucus carota L.), one of the most important vegetable crops in the world, is recognized as a source of different compounds with healthy properties. Due to their high content of anthocyanins, purple carrots have been used as a natural colorant source to face the increasing demand of consumers for non-synthetic products. However, the root developmental stage can greatly affect the phytochemical composition and, in this regard, the identification of chemical biomarkers for the optimal harvest time would be of paramount interest both from a nutritional point of view and for the agri-food industry. In the present work, the metabolic profiling of purple carrots was monitored over four months using high-resolution 1H NMR spectroscopy. Several metabolites were identified, and their quantitative variations allowed for the investigation of the carrot development processes. The metabolic profile analysis showed an increase in amino acid, NAD, and caffeic acid levels during carrot development. A more tardive harvest in December entailed an increase in levels of luteolin-7-O-glucoside, chlorogenic acid, falcarinol, and γ-aminobutyrate, and a decrease in carotenoids and ω-6 fatty acid. The results showed how the harvest time affects the composition in terms of flavonoids, phenols, and polyacetylenes, therefore, improving the bioactive compound content.

Productivity, Input and Operational Costs and Marketing Efficiency of Guar [Cyamopsis Tetragonoloba (L.) Taub]: A Legume Crop in Haryana

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohinder Singh ◽  
Rajesh Kathwal ◽  
Ella Rani
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Marketing Channel ◽  
Transportation Costs ◽  
Cyamopsis Tetragonoloba ◽  
Legume Crop ◽  
Operational Costs ◽  
Marketing Efficiency

A field study was conducted in Sirsa, Bhiwani and Hisar in Department of Economics, Baba Mastnath University Rohtak to study the productivity, economics and marketing efficiency of guar during the year 2014-15. It was found that among the operational costs for cultivation of guar, the preparatory cost was significantly higher in Hisar (` 2834/ha) as compared to Sirsa and Bhiwani, while the pre-sowing irrigation was higher in Sirsa district. The sowing costs was significantly higher in Sirsa (` 957/ha). Threshing and transportation costs were significantly higher in Sirsa (` 3924 and ` 350). FYM, DAP, irrigation and chemical weeding were significantly positively correlated with yield. Marketing channel-III (producer and processor only) was found most efficient with an efficiency of 12.03.

scholarly journals Beberapa Karakteristik dan Perilaku Pedagang Pemasaran Komoditas Hasil-hasil Pertanian di Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
NFN Syahyuti
Keyword(s):  
Social System ◽  
Interpersonal Trust ◽  
Benefit Sharing ◽  
Interpersonal Relation ◽  
Agricultural Commodities ◽  
Agricultural Marketing ◽  
The Social ◽  
Marketing Activities ◽  
Positive Perspective ◽  
And Behavior

<p><strong>English</strong><br />Trading and marketing activities related to agricultural commodities generate ambivalence attitude to their actors. In the positive perspective, these probably have an important role, especially as a prime move of agribusiness system. The other side, they are frequently cause some obstacles in developing the agribusiness system; i.e. causing unfairly benefit sharing and inefficiency in the agribusiness system. This paper describes characteristics and behavior of agricultural traders in Indonesia, especially in the social system framework. The subjects of this paper are taken from various research results on agribusiness. Results of this paper are (1) in the agricultural marketing activities usually it can be found three categories of traders which are real trader, stooge trader, and commission trader; and (2) the marketing structure configurations are mostly developed by interpersonal relation and interpersonal trust among agribusiness actors; and (3) among the traders of agricultural commodities, it frequently can be found higher spirit of solidarity compared to that of trader and farmer. In order to develop agribusiness system more comprehensively and efficiently, it is important to understand more deeply and fairly how to generate the benefit sharing equally on their actors.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Pekerjaan perdagangan menimbulkan sikap ambivalen bagi pelakunya, yaitu pada sisi positif mereka adalah sebagai motor penggerak sistem agribisnis, namun sebaliknya (sekaligus) pada sisi yang negatif, mereka dianggap sebagai penyebab kekurangadilan serta inefisiensi sistem agribisnis. Tulisan ini merupakan kajian sistem sosial pedagang hasil pertanian. Bahan tulisan berasal dari penelitian-penelitian agribisnis berbagai komoditas pertanian, terutama keragaan subsistem pemasaran dan perilaku pedagang di dalamnya. Beberapa hasil yang dapat dikemukakan adalah: Pertama, kegiatan pemasaran hasil pertanian dilakukan oleh tiga golongan perdagang yaitu pedagang, pedagang kaki tangan dan pedagang komosioner. Kedua, bangunan jaringan tata niaga disndarkan pada sikap saling mempercayai melalui pola interaksi yang cenderung tetap (langganan). Ketiga, dijumpai adanya solidaritas sesama pedagang yang lebih tinggi daripada solidaritas pedagang dengan para pemasok (petani, epternak dan nelayan). Implikasi dari temuan tersebut, maka pembangunan agribisnis secara utuh perlu pemahaman yang lebih mendalam dan proporsional terhadap pedagang dalam rangka melakukan pemberdayaan terhadap subsistem pemasaran demi sistem agribisnis itu sendiri, serta untuk menjamin perolehan yang lebih adil pada seluruh pelakunya.</p>

scholarly journals Analysis of the economic adaptation of Sami reindeer management. Reindeer; source of income or cultural linkage?

Rangifer ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niklas Labba ◽  
Jan Åge Riseth
Keyword(s):  
Wholesale Price ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Sale Price ◽  
Competitive Situation ◽  
Stock Value ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Region Size ◽  
Total Sales ◽  
Selection Of

The aim of this partial study is to analyse how the economies of different Sami reindeer management households are structured, and how the adaptation is structured if profit maximation is a goal. Earlier research demonstrates that different regions provides various terms. Consequently there exists a different economic structure among different households. Based on a selection of households from districts /villages from a range of geographical locations, management patterns, and region size, different economic structures are searched for. Households with similar economic structures are grouped in categories. The standard deviation confirms whether the grouping in categories. Sami Reindeer Management in Norway and Sweden has during the period from 1992/93 to 2002/03 provided recognized slaughterhouses with an even quantum of meat supply. That indicates that it probably is the same set of factors that influence the slaughter quantities of both countries. The relationship between the stock value of reindeer and the commercial value of reindeer meat, with in each household, suggests whether there is an accumulation in herd size and its magnitude. The herd increment depends on the competitive situation between the households in the district/village. As a single household cannot influence wholesale price of reindeer meat, the sales quantum is the single factor that can influence total sales. The efforts to increase herd size, due to the competitive situation, prevent the household from a maximum slaughter quantum, which thereby reduce the returns from reindeer management. Common factors for the different structures are sought for. The indication is that nether sale price of reindeer meat or line of politics influence sales quantum. The Sami reindeer herding seams to be a way of life were the size of the reindeer herd is in focus.Analys av den samiska renskötselns ekonomiska tillpassning. Renen, intäktskälla eller kulturfäste?Abstract in Swedish / Sammandrag: I denna studie analyseras hur olika renskötarhushålls ekonomier är strukturerad samt hur de tillpassar sig de ekonomiska förutsättningar som existerar för att maximera den ekonomiska avkastningen, i de fall en ekonomisk vinstmaximering är målsättningen. Tidigare forskning visar att renskötselområden uppvisar skilda betingelser. Köttförsäljningvärde, produktionsbidrag och ersättningsstorlek vid förlust av renar skiljer sig åt. Främst mellan Norge och Sverige men även regionalt inom det enskilda landet. Det medför att det existerar olika ekonomiska strukturer hos renskötarhushållen. Genom ett urval av hushåll från olika distrikt och samebyar baserat på geografisk lokalisering, driftsmönster och renskötselsområdesstorlek söks olika ekonomiska strukturer. Hushåll med liknade ekonomisk struktur grupperas i kategorier. Standardavvikelsen bekräftar om hushållen bildar en hushållskategori. Den samiska renskötseln i Norge och renskötseln Sverige har från år 1992/93 till år 2002/03 haft en kvantitetsmässigt jämn köttförsäljningsnivå till godkända slakterier. Det indikerar att det troligtvis är samma faktorer som påverkar ländernas slaktkvantitet. Förhållandet mellan lagervärde av renar och försäljningsvärdet av renkött, i det enskilda hushållet, åskådliggör om det föreligger någon tillväxt i renantalet och tillväxtens storlek. Tillväxten i renantalet beror av den konkurrenssituation som finns mellan hushållen inom distriktet/samebyn. Strävan efter att uppnå ett högre renantal, på grund av konkurrenssituationen, förhindrar hushållet att göra ett maximalt slaktuttag vilket därmed minskar avkastningen från renskötseln. Allt pekar mot att slaktkvantiteten inte påverkas av uppköpspriset på renkött eller av politiska tilltag. Den samiska renskötseln tycks vara en levnadssätt där renantalet står i centrum.

scholarly journals SALURAN DAN MARGIN PEMASARAN KOPI CAP LERENG TANCAK KEMBAR DI DESA ANDUNGSARI KECAMATAN PAKEM KABUPATEN BONDOWOSO

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Dinda Dara Ardila ◽  
Titin Agustina ◽  
Sri Subekti
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Marketing Channel ◽  
Marketing Channels ◽  
Transportation Costs ◽  
Agricultural Commodities ◽  
Descriptive Data ◽  
Arabica Coffee ◽  
Robusta Coffee ◽  
Margin Analysis

<p><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong><strong><em>: </em></strong><em>Arabica and robusta coffees as the agricultural commodities are cultivated in Pakem sub-district, Bondowoso regency. One of the companies processing arabica and robusta coffees in Bondowoso is Lereng Tancak Kembar agroindustry. However, the agroindustry often experiences some obstacles to market its products because road access to the area is quite difficult, so the condition increases transportation costs. Therefore, it is necessary to know about the marketing channel of Lereng Tancak Kembar, so it affects the price and margin of coffee marketing to the last consumers. The reserach area was determined purposively. Descriptive data analysis was used to analyze the coffee marketing channel, and marketing margin analysis was used to know the coffee marketing margin. The findings indicated that: (1) the marketing of Lereng Tancak Kembar coffee had four marketing channels, consisting of two Arabica coffee marketing channels and two robusta coffee marketing channels. The first marketing channel of arabica coffee included: agroindustry - sales - retailers - consumers. The second marketing channel included: agroindustry - retailers - consumers. The first marketing channel of robusta coffee included: agro-industry - sales - retailers - consumers. The second marketing channels of robusta coffees included: agroindustry - retailers - consumers. (2) the marketing margin for the first channel of arabica coffee was Rp. 86,660.00, and the second channel was Rp. 53,330.00. The marketing margin for the first channel of robusta coffee was Rp. 100,000.00, and the second channel was Rp. 85,000.00.</em><em>  </em><em></em></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstrak: </strong>Kopi arabika dan kopi robusta merupakan komoditas pertanian yang banyak dibudidayakan di Kecamatan Pakem Kabupaten Bondowoso. Salah satu perusahaan yang mengolah kopi arabika dan kopi robusta di daerah tersebut adalah agroindustri Lereng Tancak Kembar. Namun agroindustri tersebut sering mengalami hambatan untuk memasarkan produknya dikarenakan akses jalan ke daerah tersebut cukup sulit sehingga meningkatkan biaya transportasi, maka perlu diketahui bagaimana saluran pemasaran kopi cap Lereng Tancak Kembar, sehingga akan mempengaruh terhadap harga dan margin pemasaran kopi pada konsumen akhir. Penentuan daerah penelitian menggunakan metode secara sengaja. Analisis data secara diskriptif digunakan untuk menganalisis saluran pemasaran kopi, dan analisis margin pemasaran digunakan untuk mengetahui margin pemasaran kopi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa: (1) pemasaran kopi cap Lereng Tancak Kembar memiliki empat saluran pemasaran, terdiri dari dua saluran pemasaran kopi arabika dan dua saluran pemasaran kopi robusta. Saluran pemasaran 1 kopi arabika meliputi: agroindustri - <em>sales</em> - pedagang pengecer - konsumen akhir. Saluran pemasaran 2 kopi arabika meliputi: agroindustri - pedagang pengecer - konsumen akhir. Saluran pemasaran 1 kopi robusta meliputi: agroindustri - sales - pedagang pengecer - konsumen akhir. Saluran pemasaran 2 kopi robusta meliputi: agroindustri - pedagang pengecer - konsumen akhir, (2) margin pemasaran kopi arabika saluran 1 sebesar Rp. 86.660,00, dan saluran 2 sebesar Rp. 53.330,00, serta margin pemasaran kopi robusta saluran 1 sebesar Rp. 100.000,00, dan saluran 2 sebesar Rp. 85.000,00.</p>

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