scholarly journals EFFECT OF ADDITION OF VERMICOMPOST, BIO AND MINERAL FERTILIZER ON THE AVAILABILITY OF SOME NUTRIENTS IN SOIL AND POTATO YIELD

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 644-656
Author(s):  
ALmamori & Abdul-Ratha
Keyword(s):  
Glomus Mosseae ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Azospirillum Lipoferum ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Phosphate Treatment ◽  
Available Phosphate ◽  
Significant Superiority

A nitrogenous bio-fertilizer comibination was prepared contain Azospirillum lipoferum, and Azotobacter chroococcum bacteria. A phosphate bio-fertilizer consisting of Bacillus megaterium and Glomus mosseae fungus was also prepared. vermicompost was produced from earthworms imported from Iran and others isolated locally. A factorial experiment was carried to evaluate the effect of the interaction between these combinations and vermicompost types under levels of 0%, 25% and 50% of NPK. The results showed a significant superiority of the bio-fertilizer (nitrogen and phosphate) treatment in available nitrogen in the soil after harvest,  number of tubers,  yield per plant , and the total yield with  39.70 mg N kg -1, 11.03 tuber plant -1, 1367.40 g plant-1,  and 43.76 Mg ha-1 respectively. While phosphate bio fertilizer treatment giving available phosphorus in the soil by 22.74 Mg P kg -1 , vermicompost produced from imported earthworms was superior in giving available phosphate in the soil with value 22.74 mg p kg -1 . While the tri interaction was superior for all studied characteristics.

scholarly journals Straw mulching and nitrogen application altered ammonia oxidizers communities and improved soil quality in the alkaline purple soil of southwest China

AMB Express ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Songhe Chen ◽  
Rencai Gao ◽  
Xiaoling Xiang ◽  
Hongkun Yang ◽  
Hongliang Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Purple Soil ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizers ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Straw Mulching

AbstractMicrobe-mediated ammonia oxidation is a key process in soil nitrogen cycle. However, the effect of maize straw mulching on the ammonia oxidizers in the alkaline purple soil remains largely unknown. A three-year positioning experiment was designed as follows: straw mulching measures as the main-plot treatment and three kinds of nitrogen application as the sub-plot treatment. We found the contents of soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), available potassium (AK), available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), and NH4+-N were increased after straw mulching and nitrogen application in alkaline purple soil, so did the amoA genes abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaeal (AOA) and bacterial (AOB). Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis revealed that Thaumarchaeote (448-bp T-RF) was dominated the AOA communities, whereas Nitrosospira sp (111-bp T-RF) dominated the AOB communities. The community compositions of both AOA and AOB were altered by straw mulching and nitrogen application in alkaline purple soil, however, the AOB communities was more responsive than AOA communities to the straw mulching and nitrogen application. Further analysis indicated that SOC and AP were the main factors affecting the abundance and community compositions of AOA and AOB in alkaline purple soil. The present study reported that straw mulching and nitrogen strategies differently shape the soil ammonia oxidizers community structure and abundance, which should be considered when evaluating agricultural management strategies regarding their sustainability and soil quality.

scholarly journals Effect of biofertilizers on soil microbial count, nutrient availability and uptake under november sown onion

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Dilpreet Talwar ◽  
Kulbir Singh ◽  
Jagdish Singh
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
The Impact

Biofertilizers improves the soil microbial content, Soil nutrient status and nutrient uptake by plant. In an experiment, fifteen treatments comprised of various combinations of biofertilizers, organic manures and chemical fertilizers were compared to access the impact of different sources of nutrient on performance of onion. The highest soil organic carbon (0.40%) was observed in the treatments T12 (Farm Yard Manure (FYM) @ 20 t/ha) and T11 (FYM myctes count (29.9 X 104) was recorded in T11 (FYM @ 20 t/ha + Azotobacter + VAM) treatment while highest fungal @ 20 t/ha + Azotobacter + Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizae (VAM)). Highest bacterial (24.5 X 106) and actino-count (17.5 X 103) was observed in T3 (Azospirillium+ Recommended dose of NPK) treatment. At the time of harvesting, available nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P) and available potassium (K) were higher in treatment T3 (Azospirillium + Recommended dose of NPK), T9 (Azotobacter+ VAM + Recommended dose of NPK) and T13 (Poultry treatment (162.6 Kg ha-1) as compared to all other treatments except T1 and T9 treatments while P uptake (13.6 Kg ha-Manure @ 5t/ha) treatments respectively than that in other treatments. Azospirillum and Azotobacter application along with recommended dose of N, P and K improved the fertility status of soil. The N uptake was significantly higher in T3 treatments. The present study highlights the need of use of biofertilizers along with organic and inorganic 1) was significantly higher in T9 treatment than that in other treatments except T1, T3, T5 and T7 treatments. The K uptake was significantly higher in T3 treatment (126.9 Kg ha-1) as compare to all other treatments except T1 and T9 manures/fertilizer to enhance the nutrient availability and improve soil health.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Straw Biochar Combined With Microbial Inoculants on Soil Environment of Ginseng

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqi Qi ◽  
Haolang Liu ◽  
Jihong Wang ◽  
Yingping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Corn Stalk ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Ginseng Soil ◽  
Important Cash Crop

Abstract Ginseng is an important cash crop. The long-term continuous cropping of ginseng causes the imbalance of soil environment and the exacerbation of soil-borne diseases, which affects the healthy development of ginseng industry. In this study, ginseng continuous cropping soil was treated with microbial inocula using broad-spectrum biocontrol microbial strain Frankia F1. Wheat straw, rice straw and corn straw were the best carrier materials for microbial inoculum. After treatment with microbial inoculum prepared with corn stalk biochar, the soil pH value, organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium were increased by 11.18%, 55.43%, 33.07%, 26.70%, 16.40%, and 9.10%, the activities of soil urease, catalase and sucrase increased by 52.73%, 16.80% and 43.80%, respectively. A Metagenomic showed that after the application of microbial inoculum prepared fromwith corn stalk biochar, soil microbial OTUs, Chao1 index, Shannon index, and Simpson index increased by 19.86%, 16.05%, 28.83%, and 3.16%, respectively. Three classes (Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria and Sphingobacteria) were the dominant bacteria in ginseng soil, and their abundance increased by 7.87%, 9.81% and 1.24%, respectively, after treatment with microbial inoculum (corn stalk biochar). Results indicated that the most effective treatment in ginseng soil ould be the combined application of corn stalk biochar and Frankia F1.

scholarly journals Physico-Chemical Analysis of Mangrove Soil, Kundapura, Karnataka, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 624-631
Author(s):  
Vijaya Kumar Kallushettihalli Mallappa ◽  
Vijaya Kumara
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Periodic Variation ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Mangrove Soil ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The present study was carried out to determine the periodic variation in physico-chemical characteristics of mangrove soil samples. The soil samples had been accrued from four distinctive places of Kundapura mangrove areas in three seasons, monsoon, pre-monsoon and post-monsoon. Soil analysis pertaining to various variables such as total Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, pH and Electrical conductivity. Soil pH is assorted from 3.84 to 6.66. Electrical conductivity is assorted from 0.02 dSm-1 to 9.60 dSm-1. Available nitrogen is assorted from 30.7 kg/ha to 323 kg/ha. Available phosphorus concentration has ranged between 1.37 kg/ha and 47.27 kg/ha. Available potassium is differed from 117.43 kg/ha to 537.63 kg/ha. The results confirmed variations in all of the analyzed parameters of the soils amassed from four stations.

scholarly journals Does the Mixture of Species change the C:N:P Ecological Stoichiometric Characteristics of fine Roots? A Case Study of Cupressus Funebris Mixed Forest

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenchun He ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Xiaochen Wen ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Baoru Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fine Roots ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Low Efficiency

Abstract The growth of fine roots of trees is affected by environmental changes and biological factors. At present, there have been many researches on the physiological plasticity of fine roots caused by environmental changes, but there are still few studies on the influence of biological factors on fine roots. This paper focused on the contents of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P), and their ecological stoichiometric ratios in different root orders of Cupressus funebris fine roots in 11 mixed stands with Koelreuteria paniculate or Toona sinensis at different ratios, and the effects of soil physical and chemical properties on the root chemical properties. It aimed to provide new insights into the fine-root nutrient distribution pattern and the transformation or reconstruction of low-efficiency pure forests from the standpoint of forest types. The results showed that: soil pH, and the content of available nitrogen (SAN), available phosphorus (SAP) and available potassium (SAK) differed significantly in the tested mixed forest stands. No significant differences in carbon content of fine roots were observed in different mixed stands. The content of nitrogen and phosphorus in fine roots in mixed forests showed heterogeneity. Species mixing changed the C/N, C/P and N/P of the C. funebris compared the pure stands. The "T. sinensis + C. funebris" forest alleviated the limitation of the lack of phosphorus on fine roots of C. funebris on. The principal component analysis showed that mixed stands of "T. sinensis + C. funebris" had the highest comprehensive score at ratio of "3:1". Thus, our results recommended the adoption of T. sinensis, especially at 75%, to reconstruct the low-efficiency pure C. funebris forest.

Physiological studies of competition in Zea mays L: III. Competition in maize and its practical implications for forage maize production

1969 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurice Eddowes
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Competitive Balance ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Forage Maize ◽  
Early Stages

SUMMARYCompetition among maize plants in the vegetative stage of growth was postponed by application of nitrogen to the seed bed and by maintaining soil moisture near field capacity. The amount of available nitrogen was a critical factor in determining the effect of the competitive balance between nitrogen and light on maize yield. The supply of either affected the capacity of the crop to utilize the other, but ultimately light became the dominant factor.Soil moisture deficits of up to 1.0 in from field capacity, in the early stages of vegetative growth, did not reduce dry-matter accumulation and uptake of nitrogen, but in the absence of weed competition and post-planting cultivation soil moisture losses in the early stages of crop growth may be small.In 1966, maize responded quicker to surface applied than to deep-placed nitrogen and utilized the surface applied nitrogen for dry-matter accumulation more effectively.Provided that there was initially an adequate supply of nitrogen in the seed bed, there appeared to be no advantage to total yield from application of nitrogen top dressings to maize. In the West Midlands, under conditions of adequate nutrient and soil moisture supply, the optimum plant population for commercial production of forage maize was about 40000 per acre.

Nitrogen accretion and other soil changes in Tindall clay loam under Townsville stylo/grass pastures

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (78) ◽  
pp. 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJK Myers
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Stylosanthes Humilis ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Townsville Stylo ◽  
Soil Changes

Soil changes after 3-15 years of fertilized leguminous pastures on Tindall clay loam soil at Katherine, N.T. were studied by comparison of leguminous pasture soils with their native counterparts. Soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, C/N ratio and pH were unchanged by the presence of Townsville stylo (Stylosanthes humilis). Available phosphorus (bicarbonate extraction) was significantly higher under legume pasture, reflecting its fertilizer history, but there was no pattern of increase with time, nor with quantity of fertilizer. Available nitrogen (boiling water extraction) was higher under legume pasture, and both the absolute value under legume pasture and the change in amount were correlated significantly with the age of the pasture. Available nitrogen after three years of legume pasture was equal to that under unimproved pasture, suggesting that gains in this period merely balanced losses during clearing and establishment.

scholarly journals The Effect of Land Use Systems on Soil Properties; A case study from Rwanda

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theobald Bizuhoraho ◽  
Alexis Kayiranga ◽  
Noel Manirakiza ◽  
Khaldoon A. Mourad
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Exchangeable Potassium ◽  
Available Nitrogen

Land use change has a significant impact on the ecosystem. In this paper the effects of land use change on the physicochemical properties of the soil in Rulindo District, Rwanda have been studied. Three different land use types were selected; forestland, cattle farmland and cultivated land. A randomised complete block research design was used to carry out this research. Nine soil samples were collected and then analysed. The distributed samples were analysed in the Soil Laboratory of University of Rwanda-Busogo campus, while the undisturbed samples were analysed in-situ. Eight physicochemical properties were measured: pH, Organic Matter (OM), available nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, soil bulk density, moisture content and porosity. The results showed that changing land use from forest or farm to cultivated land reduced the organic matter, available nitrogen, soil moisture and porosity while bulk density and pH were significantly increasing. On the other hand, the exchangeable potassium and exchangeable phosphorus did not change significantly for the both land use changes. Hence, the reduction of forestland and farmland are highly sensible to erosion and will decline soil fertility. The paper proposed few steps and recommendations to be the base for a new sustainable land use management in Rwanda.

Study on Spatial Distribution of Soil Nutrients and Comprehensive Evaluation of Nutrients in Low Mountain-Hilly Region of Sichuan Province, China

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 2544-2548
Author(s):  
Jiu Jin Xiao ◽  
Hong Xing Ma ◽  
Chuang Tai Lu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Sichuan Province ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Nutrient Distribution ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Total N ◽  
Hilly Region

It is generally accepted that to overuse fertilize can led to cause fertilize resource waste, increase agriculture production cost, reducing the quality of agricultural products, and cause agricultural non-point source pollution. Determining soil nutrient distribution is critical to identify sites which are at risk of N, P and K nutrition loading. In order to know the soil nutrition spatial distribution and to determine agricultural rational fertilization, a total of 98 soil samples from the plow layer (0-20 cm) were collected in low mountain-hilly region of Sichuan Province, China. Spatial variability and distribution of soil organic matter (SOM), total N (TN), available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP) and available potassium (AK) in agricultural soils were studied using geographic information system (GIS) software. And the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was used to determine the weight of indexes by using quantitative analysis.

Studies in soil fertility with special reference to organic manures. II. Plant growth and nutrition in the field.

1954 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
RF Williams
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Rice Hull ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Rice Hulls

This paper reports a study in crop physiology in which an analysis of plant growth response and nutrient intake under irrigation in the field is used to interpret the effects of rice hulls as an organic manure. An exploratory experiment showed that relatively speaking the main effects of treatment took place quite early in the growth of the crop. For this reason the main experiment was virtually restricted to these early growth stages. The test plant in both experiments was the tomato. It was found that rice hulls can influence the growth of the crop in at least three ways. Seedling emergence may be delayed, early growth may be retarded by temporary shortage of available nitrogen, and growth may be stimulated by increase in available phosphorus. All three effects are modified by the addition of sulphate of ammonia, but in all cases the result is an increase in yield with rice-hull treatment. Mean seedling emergence for the six experimental treatments had a range of 2.8 days, and it is shown that the mean weights of 18-day-old seedlings could have been accounted for by these differences alone. The pattern of response at 18 days remains for at least five weeks and is not without its effect on the final yields. In spite of their low nitrogen content, rice hulls alone had only a transitory adverse effect on the nitrogen status of the soil. It is suggested that this may not have had any direct effect on the rate of dry-matter production, but that there was a temporary deflection of assimilates to favour root growth at the expense of shoot growth. Such an effect would, of course, have an adverse effect on fruit yield. Plant analyses suggest very considerable increases in available soil phosphorus due to rice-hull treatment. Much of this phosphorus appears to have been fixed during the course of the experiment, but Truog values obtained after the experiment indicated that significant effects of treatment were still present. The increases in Available phosphorus were less when sulphate of ammonia was added with the rice hulls.

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