scholarly journals Al-Bayhaqi’s Preferred Opinions in his Book Al-Khilafiyat-Chapter of Breastfeeding

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Athra'a Hameed Freeh ◽  
Ayman Abdel-Qader Al-Hiti

This research is a comparative jurisprudential study that focuses on Imam Al-Bayhaqi’s preferred opinions in his book Al-Khilafiyat (The Disagreements), the part of Al-Rida’a (Breastfeeding). It is considered one of the most important familial topics that is concerned with organizing the social relations in Islam, strengthens the family ties and that prevents the family disintegration due to the ignorance and lack in comprehending Sharia laws (Islam law) in all aspects. The study follows the inductive and descriptive method. It aims at examining the prohibition of marriage when breastfeeding takes place at the time of woman’s conversion to Islam or during her infidelity period. It further aims at verifying the prohibition that helps to know the most correct point of view among jurists. That is; to know whether or not the preference of Imam Al-Bayhaqi’s opinion or other jurists is the correct issue in his book, Al-Khilafat. This preference depends on the strength of the transmission evidence inferred by each doctrine. The study has found that five times of separate breastfeeding leads to sense of prohibition, and that the period that a mother should wean her child in infancy is that of two years only.   

2020 ◽  
pp. 271-282
Author(s):  
S. Tomyn ◽  
О. Lyshak

The article deals with the concepts and preventive value of the forensic characteristics of the personality of the offender. It is proved that the establishment in the process of investigation of the causes and conditions for the commission of criminal offenses is one of the most important areas for their prevention. The author claims that from a criminalistics point of view, the causes and conditions for committing crimes are divided into: a) circumstances related to the identity of the offender. Their attribution to the circumstances that contributed to the commission of the crime is due to the properties of the person guilty of the crime (unfavorable conditions for the formation of the person, the situation in the family, in the work collective, etc.) b) circumstances that exist independently of the person who committed the crime. Their attribution to the circumstances that contributed to the commission of the crime is inseparably connected with the establishment of the circumstances of the crime (flaws in the protection of property, proper accounting of inventory, etc.) If the second group of circumstances is objectively existing, then the first is closely related to the personality of the offender. Given the above, the article notes the importance for solving the tasks of forensic prevention of investigating the identity of the offender within the forensic characteristics of a particular criminal offense. The personality structure of the criminal in the article is considered as a system of relatively independent substructures of a social and psychological nature. The social substructure consists of the following elements: a person’s place in the system of social relations, his social roles, and areas of activity. It embraces its properties that reveal relationships in various areas of public life. The psychological properties in the structure of the suspect’s personality include: the orientation of the personality (its selective attitude to reality), which includes various mental properties, needs, interests, motives, feelings, likes and dislikes, ideals and worldview; human abilities, his mental capabilities; the dynamics of mental processes – temperament, character, style of behavior, in which the content and form of a person’s spiritual life is manifested, that is, a system of intellectual and emotional qualities; self-identity of the person exercising selfregulation; mental processes and conditions. The disclosure of precisely these elements in the structure of the criminal’s personality, in the opinion of the actor, allows us to solve the following problems: 1) the possible tactical impact on the suspect (accused), including with the aim of preventing him from committing crimes in the future 2) accumulation and analysis of forensic information on the circumstances that contributed to the commission of the crime.


2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Safa Garayev

In this article, I analyze tales collected from Azerbaijani territories from a psycho-semantic perspective, specifically pertaining to the Oedipus tale type (AT: 931, 933). The incest taboo, a common theme in Azerbaijani society, is discouraged in these tales through symbolic behaviors. In these tales, which were collected in different Azerbaijani territories at different times, the transgression of the taboo of incest firstly happens between sisters and brothers, later between mothers and sons. When we approach the fairy tale plots presented in the context of the Oedipus complex, it becomes clear that these fairy tales are also organized on the basis of the son’s point of view. This is evident in the tales because of their descriptions of the father—a common character in the Oedipus tale type—as the culprit of all anti-social and unethical problems. In the texts I present, the heroes of the tales generally derive from the disruption of the incest taboo between the sister and the brother, who has been left to die. I argue that the baby born as a result of dismantling the incest taboo—being removed from the chain (or from the family environment) of the social relations by the parents to be left to die and later living and not recognizing his mother—is portrayed as the main fact in the explanation of the events’ semantics.


2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 984-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Costa de Oliveira ◽  
Jacó Fernando Schneider ◽  
Cíntia Nasi ◽  
Marcio Wagner Camatta ◽  
Agnes Olschowsky

ABSTRACT We aimed to understand the expectations of families about a Psychiatric Inpatient Unit in the perspective of Alfred Schutz's phenomenological sociology. This is a qualitative and phenomenological research, with families of patients at a psychiatric inpatient unit of a university hospital in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Data were collected through phenomenological interviews, and the analysis was constructed in the light of phenomenological sociology. The results show that the expectations of the family in the Psychiatric Inpatient Unit are related to the interpretation and experiences they have in the world of everyday life; that these expectations should be valued in patient and family care; and that they may integrate the family in care for the patient. We hope to contribute so that professionals and managers reflect about the importance of understanding the expectations of families on a Unit, aiming to implement more effective health actions, based on the social relations among the subjects.


2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Andrea Arango-Bernal

Objetivo: analizar los significados que construyen las madres de personas en condición de hemofilia, sobre ser portadoras de la enfermedad. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio cualitativo con enfoque del interaccionismo simbólico que, a través de una etnografía particularista y el uso de entrevistas semiestructuradas, observaciones y revisión documental, rescató el punto de vista de 17 madres pertenecientes a la Liga Antioqueña de Hemofílicos que participaron de manera voluntaria y residen en diferentes municipios del departamento de Antioquia. Resultados: Las participantes se reconocen a sí mismas como seres potenciales, es decir, no sólo como trasmisoras o cuidadoras de la enfermedad de sus hijos, sino como sujetos cognoscentes de su realidad dispuestas a reflexionar sobre sus aprendizajes e incorporarlos a favor de la relación consigo mismas y con los demás. Los significados más relevantes son: empezar a vivir con hemofilia, asumir la enfermedad, la familia, el cuidado y la crianza, la relación con los servicios de salud, caminando con algo que no se puede desprender y darse cuenta. Conclusiones: La salud colectiva es la posibilidad de tener un acercamiento más comprensivo al proceso salud – enfermedad – atención de los colectivos humanos, tomando en cuenta las condiciones económicas, sociales y culturales en las que estos se inscriben. La pregunta por los significados de estas madres develó el tejido de lo individual y lo colectivo, como un asunto que trasciende el plano biológico de la enfermedad y da cuenta de la construcción social en la que confluyen prácticas, saberes, imaginarios y sentimientos.Palabras Clave: Cuidadores, enfermedad crónica, hemofilia A, madresSignifi cance of being a hemophilia carrierAbstractObjective: Analyzing the meanings that mothers of people with hemophilia, build about being carriers of the disease. Materials and methods: Study based on the qualitative method supported by the approach of symbolic interaction, which through a particularistic ethnography, and the use of semi-structured interviews, observations and document review, rescued the point of view of 17 mothers belonging to the Liga Antioqueña de Hemofílicos. They participated voluntarily and reside in different municipalities of Antioquia. Results: The participants recognize themselves as potential beings, that is, not only as disseminators or carers of the illness of their children, but as cognocentes subject of their reality willing to reflect on their learning and incorporate them in favor of the relationship with herself and others. The most important meanings are: start living with hemophilia, assuming the disease, the family, the care and upbringing, relationships with health services, walking with something that can not be detached and realize. Conclusions: Collective health is the ability to have a more comprehensive approach to process health - disease - care of human groups, taking into account the economic, social and cultural conditions in which they are registered. The question of the meaning of these mothers, unveiled the tissue of the individual and the collective, as a matter that transcends the biological level of the disease and accounts for the social construction that blends practices, knowledge, imaginary and feelings.Key Words: Hemophilia A, chronic disease, mothers, caregivers. Significado de ser portadora de hemofiliaResumo                                   Objetivo: Analisar os significados construídos pelas mães de pessoas com hemofilia, sobre ser portadores da doença. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo qualitativo com foco no interacionismo simbólico, que, através de uma etnografia individualista e o uso de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, observações e revisão documental, resgatou o ponto de vista de 17 mães pertencentes à Liga Antioquia de Hemófilos que participaram voluntariamente e residem em diferentes municípios do departamento de Antioquia. Resultados: Os participantes se reconhecem como seres potenciais, ou seja, não apenas como transmissores ou cuidadores da doença de seus filhos, mas como sujeitos cognitivos de sua realidade que estão dispostos a refletir sobre sua aprendizagem e a incorporá-los em favor do relacionamento com eles mesmos e com os outros. Os significados mais relevantes são: começar a viver com hemofilia, assumir a doença, família, cuidados e educação, relacionar-se com os serviços de saúde, caminhar com algo que você não pode separar e perceber. Conclusões: A saúde coletiva é a possibilidade de ter uma abordagem mais abrangente para o processo saúde-doença-cuidado de grupos humanos, levando em consideração as condições econômicas, sociais e culturais nas quais estão registradas. A questão dos significados dessas mães revela o tecido do indivíduo e o coletivo como um problema que transcende o plano biológico da doença e explica a construção social em que as práticas, o conhecimento, o imaginário e os sentimentos convergem.Palavras-Chave: Cuidadores, doenças crônicas, hemofilia A, mães  


SELONDING ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andaru Kumara Jati

Eucharist is a sacred and the primary ritual for Catholics, it has adapted to the local culture. This adaption process called inculturation. Some examples of inculturation that is language and music. In Sacred Heart of Jesus Catholic Church Pugeran Yogyakarta, inculturation appears with the eucharist with Javanese language and Javanese songs with Javanese musical accompaniment called gamelan. Gamelan is a set of musical instruments that have undergone many developments. Gamelan played generally by men, because the gamelan construction is designed to be played by sitting of male style. But today there’s more and more groups of gamelan involving women as a player. In Pugeran Church found the phenomenon of female kendang (drums) player. This woman has a position as a leader, and it is in contrast to Javenese culture which has patriarchal principle, so that in this research examined the cause of the female kendang player in Catholic church and her performances.The method used in this research is descriptive method of analysis that describes the object in writing and detail. The research is qualitative research with ethnomusicological approach that explores the object not only the form of music (textual) but also all related cultural aspects (contextual). In addition, this research also uses a sociological and theological approach that helps to explore from a socio-cultural point of view and the science of Catholicism. Search data consists by literature study, observation, interviews and documentation. All data is done from October 2017 until June 2018. This research using gender theory in The Social Psychology of Music by David J. Hargreaves and Adrian C. North to analyze the data and answer the problems.


Author(s):  
Abdelmajid Nayif Alawneh

    The research aims to study the impact of unemployment on the social conditions in the Palestinian society from the point of view of the unemployed youth, especially in the current time period (2019), the researcher used the descriptive analytical method, and the research community consists of young people in the governorate of Ramallah. The researcher used the questionnaire tool, and the data were analyzed by the analysis program (SPSS). It was found that the majority of youth are unemployed, they are middle age, single and large families, urban residents, people with specialties and low income. As for the results of the research, there was an increase in the impact of the forms of unemployment on the social conditions of the individual, family and society and their outlook towards the future, came the highest degree on the social conditions of the individual (6. 90%) and then the social conditions of the family (3. 83%), Followed by the societal conditions to reach the value (78%), came the lowest values ​​for the outlook for the future, which amounted to (67%). Some of the features of the impact of unemployment, including the tension, anxiety and frustration of the young group. As for the nature of the relationship between the variables of the study, there was a statistically significant relationship between the combined unemployment and the low income, between the apparent, persuasive and compulsory unemployment, and the individual, family and societal situations and the outlook for them. At the end of the research a number of recommendations were made, most notably the need to balance the types of education and activate the social and cultural role of the family.  


Author(s):  
Soha Mohamed Ali, Elrasheed Ismaeil Eltahir Soha Mohamed Ali, Elrasheed Ismaeil Eltahir

This study addressed death anxiety among women with breast cancer at the National Center for Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine in Khartoum, in order to identify: differences in death anxiety among women with breast cancer according to the variable of performing mastectomy at the Center. Where They used the descriptive method with a sample size 35 women with breast cancer were chosen by the intentional method at the Center, they applied the death anxiety scale on the patients, the data was analysed statistically using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS). They reached a number of conclusions and recommendation, including: The death anxiety among women with breast cancer at the Center is high, there are statistically significant differences between death anxiety among women with breast cancer at the Center according to the variable of performing mastectomy in favor of those who underwent a mastectomy. Guidance should be offered to the family and especially the husband to how to deal with his injured wife according to her stage and accept the apparent negative emotions and behaviors, and encourage her to express herself.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 125-144
Author(s):  
Jesús Víctor Alfredo Contreras Ugarte

Summary: Reflecting on the role humans take into nowadays society, should be of interest in all our social reflections, even for those that refer to the field of law. Any human indifferent and unconscious of the social role that he ought to play within society, as a member of it, is an irresponsible human detached from everything that surrounds him, regarding matters and other humans. Trying to isolate in an irresponsible, passive and comfortable attitude, means, after all, denying oneself, denying our nature, as the social being every human is. This is the reflection that this academic work entitles, the one made from the point of view of the Italian philosopher Rodolfo Mondolfo. From a descriptive development, starting from this renowned author, I will develop ideas that will warn the importance that human protagonism have, in this human product so call society. From a descriptive development, from this well-known author, I will be prescribing ideas that will warn the importance of the protagonism that all human beings have, in that human product that we call society. I have used the descriptive method to approach the positions of the Italian humanist philosopher and, for my assessments, I have used the prescriptive method from an eminently critical and deductive procedural position. My goal is to demonstrate, from the humanist postulates of Rodolfo Mondolfo, the hypothesis about the leading, decision-making and determining role that the human being has within society. I understand, to have reached the demonstration of the aforementioned hypothesis, because, after the analyzed, there is no doubt, that the human being is not one more existence in the development of societies; its role is decisive in determining the human present and the future that will house the next societies and generations of our historical future.


2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Savitha

Micro health insurance (MHI) is an important mechanism to fight iatrogenic poverty in India. Its sustainability and viability depends, to a greater extent on the renewal of membership. This article evaluates the factors that influence renewal decisions in Sampoorna Suraksha Programme (SSP) in Karnataka. This study shows income class and chronic illness in the family to determine the renewability. The findings indicate adverse selection since low-income low-risk and high-income low-risk families dropout. From the social welfare point of view, renewal from high-risk low-income families is welcome; yet this should not jeopardize resource mobilization of SSP. Sustainable and viable operations of SSP depends on continued membership of insured population that can be achieved through external financial assistance for the poorest, wider network of hospitals and increased awareness on health insurance. Dropout rate in any MHI scheme should be kept very low to achieve deeper penetration and wider coverage especially in India where large percentage of population falls outside the insurance ambit.


1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaber F. Gubrium

Based on data gathered in settings where the family side of personal troubles is a regular concern, it is argued that the family enters into social relations as a collective representation. Adapting Durkheim's usage to everyday life, the family is analyzed as a ‘public’ project of those whose domestic affairs are challenged for consideration of family order. Three features of the family project are considered: (1) the awareness of the social form, (2) family conduct in the large, (3) family usage. As an object of experience, the family presents itself in a category separate and distinct from its members, while at the same time being a practical, discursive construct built out of, as well as reflecting concrete domestic affairs.


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