scholarly journals Automated guidance of agricultural machinery

Author(s):  
Guillermo P. Moreda

In modern agriculture, tractors have been fitted with accessories and technologies to help the tractor guidance. In this topic, these technologies will be explained describing different possibilities for the adoption of farm machinery guidance aids. Differences between systems helping the guidance and autosteering systems will be defined, along with current state of legislation concerning unmanned vehicles. Levels of precision in the track of the machinery will be explained, related with the GNSS technology onboard. Consequences of a better tractor guidance on farm tasks and economy will be outlined

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
N. А. LEBEDEV ◽  

The article analyzes the structural guidelines for the modernization of the domestic agricultural machinery industry, which are formed in the aspect of a new development model; some types of machine-building products that are innovative in nature. Separate tasks of digitalization for the development of production of unmanned vehicles are considered. It is concluded that in order to seriously promote the structural modernization of agricultural machinery enterprises, it is necessary to give priority to the development strategy of enterprises, which should be based on clear development guidelines for the long-term period.


2021 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
А.Г. Аксенов ◽  
А.В. Сибирев

Степень технологической и технической зависимости отечественных производителей овощных культур от зарубежных производителей с.-х. техники, а также их техническая оснащенность специализированными машинами объясняется высокими затратами на производство овощей, особенно на уборку, что при общем дефиците ручного труда приводит к сокращению площадей, нарушению технологии выращивания и соответственно снижению урожайности. Цель исследований – определить современное состояние технологического и технического обеспечения производства овощных культур в Российской Федерации. Для достижения поставленной цели использовали методологию системного анализа и синтеза, математической статистики, численные методы решения аналитических зависимостей. Статистические исследования современного состояния технического обеспечения производства овощей в России могут служить основой для построения модели и разработки концептуальных принципов модернизации технологического и технического обеспечения работ в овощеводстве. Определена потребность товаропроизводителей в современных высокотехнологичных комплексах машин для производства овощных культур. Проведенные статистические исследования позволили оценить современное состояние с.-х. машиностроения по выпуску необходимого для товаропроизводителей количества машин. Повышение объемов производства овощной продукции неразрывно коррелирует с уровнем технического обеспечения отрасли овощеводства в целом, что подтверждает уровень локализации с.-х. машиностроения РФ, а также Беларуси и Казахстана, где с.-х. машиностроение представлено широкой номенклатурой предприятий, выпускающих комплексы машин от предпосадочной обработки почвы до послеуборочной обработки товарной продукции. Для возрождения с.-х. машиностроения и развития рынка средств механизации аграрного производства определены основные механизмы обновления парка сельхозтехники – преимущественно привлечением кредитных ресурсов коммерческих банков и лизинговых компаний. Кроме того, интенсивность ведения сельского хозяйства в современных условиях производства невозможна без высокого уровня насыщения машинно-технологических комплексов средствами интеллектуализации. Получать качественную конкурентоспособную продукцию можно только при использовании современных высокопроизводительных машин, обеспечивающих совмещение технологических операций, в конструкциях которых заложены системы автоматизированного управления технологическими процессами, учета почвенного плодородия, обеспечения экологической чистоты агроландшафтов. The degree of technological and technical dependence of domestic producers of vegetable crops on foreign producers of agricultural machinery, as well as their technical equipment with specialized machines, is explained by the high costs of vegetable production, especially for harvesting, which, with a general shortage of manual labor, leads to a reduction in area, disruption of cultivation technology and, accordingly, a decrease in yield. The purpose of the research is to determine the current state of technological and technical support for the production of vegetable crops in the Russian Federation. To achieve this purpose, we used the methodology of system analysis and synthesis, mathematical statistics, numerical methods for solving analytical dependencies. Statistical studies of the current state of technical support for vegetable production in Russia can serve as a basis for building a model and developing conceptual principles for modernizing technological and technical support for work in vegetable growing. The need of commodity producers for modern high-tech complexes of machines for the production of vegetable crops is determined. The conducted statistical studies made it possible to assess the current state of agricultural engineering for the production of the number of machines necessary for commodity producers. The increase in the production of vegetable products is inextricably correlated with the level of technical support for the vegetable growing industry as a whole, which confirms the level of localization of agricultural machinery in the Russian Federation, as well as in Belarus and Kazakhstan, where agricultural machinery is represented by a wide range of enterprises that produce complexes of machines from pre-planting tillage to post-harvest processing of commercial products. For the revival of agricultural machinery and the development of the market of agricultural production mechanization tools, the main mechanisms for updating the agricultural machinery fleet are determined-mainly by attracting credit resources from commercial banks and leasing companies. In addition, the intensity of agriculture in modern production conditions is impossible without a high level of saturation of machine-technological complexes with means of intellectualization. It is possible to obtain high-quality competitive products only with the use of modern high-performance machines that ensure the combination of technological operations, in the designs of which there are systems for automated control of technological processes, accounting for soil fertility, ensuring environmental cleanliness of agricultural landscapes. Key words: vegetable growing, vegetable seeders, transplanters, vegetable harvesting equipment.


Author(s):  
Anatoliy Soltus ◽  
◽  
Maksym Rud ◽  

The article examines the problems of navigation and communication with the use of satellite technologies in road transport in the context of the growth of globalization processes in the world economy and the transformations of freight transport technologies caused by a large-scale transition to transport with zero emissions and the development of unmanned vehicles. The paper discusses the principles of building a global high-speed broadband satellite Internet with low latency. Potential capabilities of technologies such as digital antenna arrays and laser communication channels used in such systems are analyzed. Also considered are the existing and potential problems, both technical with electromagnetic compatibility with existing satellite communication systems and between systems under construction or planning, and legal caused by changes in the principles of information transfer at the interstate level. The main players in the emerging market of high-speed satellite communications are considered and the parameters of the systems declared by them are described. The comparison of the current state of building satellite constellations of individual projects is carried out and the ability to implement the announced plans by individual companies is analyzed. The disadvantages that create obstacles for the introduction of high-speed satellite communications in road transport at the moment and the directions of their overcoming are highlighted. Considering the potential of satellite Internet systems, the current state of construction, as well as existing technical and legal restrictions, the introduction of reliable satellite communications will significantly speed up the transition to autonomous unmanned vehicles. In this regard, the most successful opportunities for the new communication technology will be able to realize the transport companies, which will simultaneously update the fleet of vehicles towards zero emissions and with unmanned technologies.


1972 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 316 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Rosenbluth ◽  
Clarence L. Barber

2011 ◽  
Vol 66-68 ◽  
pp. 758-763
Author(s):  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Gui Fa Teng ◽  
Jian Bin Ma ◽  
Jie Yao

According to problems existed in the current farm machinery scheduling process, a new farm machinery scheduling scheme is adopted in this dissertation. The collaborative scheduling model of farm machinery is established and multitask collaborative scheduling algorithm is designed through analyzing the differences between Vehicle Scheduling Problem and agricultural machinery scheduling in the dissertation. Earliest Start Time First and minimal resource allocated capacity first strategies are used in the farm machinery scheduling. The algorithm is useful for the case of machinery owner with sufficient farm machinery. The experiment proves that the collaborative scheduling algorithm is more effective than the serial scheduling algorithm.


2021 ◽  
Vol 892 (1) ◽  
pp. 012041
Author(s):  
K S Indraningsih ◽  
S H Susilowati ◽  
D K S Swastika ◽  
Syahyuti

Abstract The provision of agricultural machinery in the Modern Agriculture Program is to overcome labor shortages. However, the utilization of agricultural machinery aid is underutilized. This study aims to analyze the optimization of the use of agricultural machinery in enhancing the implementation of modern agricultural programs. West Sumatera, Central Java, Banten, Bali, and South Sulawesi were purposively chosen as the study areas. The study was conducted in 2017. Respondents of this research were policymakers from central to local institutions, key informants, extension agents, agricultural machinery service providers (UPJA), and farmers. The method used was descriptive explanatory and financial analysis. The results showed that the utilization of agricultural machinery in the Modern Agricultural Program was still not optimal. It was still underutilized. There were several obstacles, both from economic and social aspects. The utilization of 4-wheel tractors and rice transplanters has not been economically managed. As a result, they cannot generate funds for equipment maintenance and the development and UPJA’s sustainability. Not all types of agricultural machinery are socially suitable for farmers’ needs. There is a competition between agricultural machinery uses and workers. Moreover, not all local governments fully supports agricultural machinery uses. To optimize and succeed on the modern agriculture program implementation, agricultural extension workers with certification as UPJA Facilitators are required.


2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathieu Thomas ◽  
Stéphanie Thépot ◽  
Sophie Jouanne-Pin ◽  
Nathalie Galic ◽  
Carine Remoué ◽  
...  

While modern agriculture relies on genetic homogeneity in the field, some farmers grow genetically heterogeneous crops and exchange seeds. Such diversifying practices associated with seed recycling may allow adaptation of crops to their environment. This socio-genetical model constitutes an original experimental evolution design called On-Farm Dynamic Management (OFDM). Studying OFDM can help understanding how evolutionary mechanisms shape crop diversity submitted to diverse agro-environmental conditions. We studied a farmer-led initiative where a mixture of four French wheat landraces called "Mélange de Touselles" (MDT) was created and distributed within a farmers' network. Fifteen populations derived by farmers from the initial mixture were sampled after 2 to 7 generations of cultivation on their farm. Twenty-one space-time samples of 80 individuals were genotyped using 17 microsatellites markers and characterized for their heading date in a "common-garden" experiment. Gene polymorphism was studied using four markers located in earliness genes. An original network-based approach was developed to depict the particular and complex genetic structure of the landraces composing the mixture. A rapid differentiation of the mixture was detected, larger at the phenotypic and gene levels compared to the neutral genetic level, indicating a potential divergent selection. We identified two interacting selection processes: variation of the mixture component frequencies and evolution of the within-variety diversity, that shaped the standing variability available within the mixture. These results confirm that farmers' practices increase genetic diversity and allow crop evolution, which is critical in the context of global change. OFDM appears as a promising model of crop experimental evolution.


2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (09) ◽  
pp. 4842
Author(s):  
Gupta N. K.* ◽  
Isaac R. K. ◽  
R. K. Singh

Agriculture is the backbone of India and agriculture research is required for sustainable and modern agriculture. In India there are more than 1,00,000 agricultural scientists working for agricultural research and development ICAR, SAUs, KVKs, CSIR, IITs, NGOs, etc. large number of data are being produced by different scientist, researcher and student involved in various research work conducted on farm. The availability of huge data from the field of agriculture is needed to be translated in valuable and easily understandable format. Several data collecting agencies are working on state, central and international level. In spite of good no. of available software's, the information obtained through the analysis of data are, somehow, lacking in meeting their fate of serving the targeted communities-farmers, researcher and student. Loss of data means loss of national money. So there is need of proper Maintenance and analysis of agricultural data. Here vast information is collected related to the topic from different countries to evaluate what type of system are being used by them to solve the problem and also to prepare a strategy by adopting which maintenance and analysis of agricultural data in India will be possible. This will save not only the money but also the time for generating the same data and the valuable man power. 


Ekonomika APK ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 321 (7) ◽  
pp. 38-49
Author(s):  
Vadym Petrov ◽  
Oleksandr Zakharchuk ◽  
Yaroslav Navrotskyi

The purpose of the article is to investigate the tendencies of the machinery for field forage production in Ukraine and to substantiate the main criteria for decision-making by the management of the agricultural enterprises and agroservice structures in the formation of their fleets. Identify ways to improve the production of equipment for field fodder production in Ukraine Research methods. The methodological basis of the research is the dialectical method of cognition of the processes and phenomena, scientific works of the domestic scientists on the problems of formation, development and functioning of the agricultural machinery markets. The following research methods have been applied to solve the problems set in the work: monographic (for analyzing the peculiarities of the formation of the forage harvesters market in Ukraine), empirical (for complex assessment of the current state of the research object), abstract and logical (for generalization and formulation of the conclusions). Research results. The current state, preconditions and peculiarities of the market formation of field forage harvesters and provision with them of the rural producers have been analyzed. The factors that hinder the organization of production of complex agricultural machinery in Ukraine during the days of the state independence have been investigated. The main directions of implementation of the scientific and technological progress in the constructions of complex agricultural machinery of the leading world producers have been analyzed. The scientifically substantiated proposals on the criteria of decision-making in the formation of the forage harvesters fleets have been worked out. Ways to improve the production of equipment for field fodder production in Ukraine have been identified. Scientific novelty. The theoretical provisions on the formation of the agricultural machinery market have been further developed, taking into account the introduction of the latest innovative achievements of the scientific and technological progress in agricultural machinery construction and structural changes in agriculture of Ukraine. Practical significance. The main technical and technological, economic factors influencing the formation of the market of technical means for field forage production in Ukraine have been identified. The proposals for determining the criteria for managerial decision-making in the formation of the forage harvesters fleets by the agricultural enterprises and agroservice structures have been developed. Ways to improve the production of domestic equipment are proposed. Tabl.: 1. Figs.: 1. Refs.: 22.


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