scholarly journals Criminal threats to the «smart city» transport environment

Author(s):  
Arseniy Bimbinov

This paper is devoted to identifying the most likely threats to the transport environment of a smart city. The analysis of the published plans for the development of the smart city transport environment in Russia and abroad allowed us to determine the main directions in this area. By means of modeling, approximate scenarios of harm to public relations are formulated. It is established that in relation to one of the possible threats (causing harm during the operation of unmanned vehicles), the current criminal legislation is powerless. It is determined that the regulation of issues related to «intellectual» technologies, including those related to harm caused by them, should be based on certain General provisions that have a universal character. The work was carried out with the financial support of the RFBR under agreement no. 19-29-069 mk.

Digital Twin ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Zhihan Lv ◽  
Shuxuan Xie

Advanced computer technologies such as big data, Artificial Intelligence (AI), cloud computing, digital twins, and edge computing have been applied in various fields as digitalization has progressed. To study the status of the application of digital twins in the combination with AI, this paper classifies the applications and prospects of AI in digital twins by studying the research results of the current published literature. We discuss the application status of digital twins in the four areas of aerospace, intelligent manufacturing in production workshops, unmanned vehicles, and smart city transportation, and we review the current challenges and  topics that need to be looked forward to in the future. It was found that the integration of digital twins and AI has significant effects in aerospace flight detection simulation, failure warning, aircraft assembly, and even unmanned flight. In the virtual simulation test of automobile autonomous driving, it can save 80% of the time and cost, and the same road conditions reduce the parameter scale of the actual vehicle dynamics model and greatly improve the test accuracy. In the intelligent manufacturing of production workshops, the establishment of a virtual workplace environment can provide timely fault warning, extend the service life of the equipment, and ensure the overall workshop operational safety. In smart city traffic, the real road environment is simulated, and traffic accidents are restored, so that the traffic situation is clear and efficient, and urban traffic management can be carried out quickly and accurately. Finally, we looked forward to the future of digital twins and AI, hoping to provide a reference for future research in related fields.


Author(s):  
Supriya Dam

Since 2006, Sikkim progressively switching to a full-fledged tourism-centred state having declared it a predominant industry as an engine for its economic growth. The state accounted for the highest influx of foreign tourists amongst the eight north eastern states of India during the last 20 years or so. The smart city mission was commissioned by government of India as a centrally sponsored scheme destined to provide financial support for the allotted cities to the extent of INR. 100 Crore per city per year spanning over five years. Studies suggest that induction of smart city concept will act as precursor for growth of smart tourism destinations (STDs) across the country. The STD as a concept revolves around “6A's,” an essential ingredient for promoting smart tourism in destinations. Incidentally, two cities in Sikkim have been enlisted amongst the top 100 cities in India for promoting smart city, instrumental in promoting STD in tourism-driven states. The chapter delves into the concept of smart city as an antecedent for promoting STD along with conditions with respect to Sikkim.


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 125-135
Author(s):  
Enjang Pera Irawan ◽  
Tasya Aulianisa

This study entitled analysis of functions and applications of siaran mobile (reporting and assignment application system) as a communication facility of South Tangerang City towards smart city. The purpose of this study was to analyze the functions and benefits of the SIARAN Mobile application as a facility of public communication in supporting South Tangerang City towards smart city. Supporting concepts and theories in this research were communication, public relations government, and smart city. This research method was to use a descriptive qualitative approach. The findings showed that the SIARAN Mobile application was a South Tangerang City reporting media based on the mobile application that was officially launched by the government since March 9th, 2017. The function of this application was to become a reporting application for technical problems such as waste problems, damaged public facilities, actions which was detrimental to the community. The benefit of this application was to make it easier for the public to report various problems in the South Tangerang area, and make it easier for the government in handling various problems that were complained of by the community.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Denis A. Pechegin

A monetary system is a historically established model of organized monetary circulation that includes the national monetary unit (legal tender), the types of banknotes, and the order of their issue and circulation. This model is normatively fixed, since it is a core component of the national economy. At the same time, the security of a monetary system is a primary strategic goal in the economy of a nation. The achievement of such a goal is possible by solving specific tasks related, inter alia, to the prevention of criminal actions in the analyzed area. As key elements of crimes against the monetary system, national criminal legislation should highlight property obtained by criminal means, including laundering of funds (Articles 174 and 1741 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), counterfeiting (Article 186), and the illegal turnover of payment funds (Article 187). Given the dynamics of changes taking place in society and the state, the structures of criminal elements are likewise subject to transformation, especially with regard to the development of digital financial technologies. The legal vacuum of the new sphere of public relations, its subordination to algorithms and programs on the one hand, and the blank nature of these norms of criminal law, on the other, as well as the imperfections of procedural mechanisms focused on regulating analog public relations, as opposed to digital, on the other, form barriers to legal influence. This article is devoted to the analysis of these and other problems of the legislative regulation of crimes that encroach upon the monetary system via digital economic relations.


2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (13) ◽  
pp. 488-492
Author(s):  
Mark V. Mamchenko ◽  
Mariya A. Romanova ◽  
Peter M. Trefilov

Author(s):  
Andrei Nikulenko ◽  
Maksim Smirnov

The article is devoted to the necessary defense as a circumstance that precludes the criminality of an act in the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation. The significance and importance of the existence of this norm is proclaimed both in the criminal law and in the Basic law of the state – the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The existence of a rule on necessary defense in the state emphasizes the development of its legal system, allowing citizens to defend their own interests and protect the interests of others, in ways not prohibited by law, thereby preventing exceeding the limits of necessary defense. A number of issues related to the application of the norms provided for in article 37 of the Criminal code of Russia, as well as the norms of the Special part of the Criminal code of Russia, which provide for liability for crimes committed when exceeding the limits of necessary defense, were raised. The study of the relevant norms makes it possible to identify the advantages and disadvantages of legal regulation of circumstances that exclude the criminality of an act, including the shortcomings of judicial and investigative practice. The author criticizes the existing approach and suggests ways to resolve these problems, including by correcting the resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation dated September 27, 2012, № 19 «About application by courts of legislation on necessary defense and causing harm when detaining a person who has committed a crime». Because of the ambiguous and often inconsistent application of norms of the criminal legislation on necessary defense, the authors give the recommendations (in further reconstruction of the relevant provisions of article 37 of the Criminal Code) to use an enumeration approach of presenting the legal formulation of these rules that allow the defender to cause any harm to an attacker. At the same time, it creates the most understandable, for citizens, formulation of the norm that allows lawfully causing harm to public relations protected by criminal law.


Author(s):  
Евгения Сергеевна Витовская

Статья посвящена проблеме учета общественной опасности преступления в сфере незаконного оборота наркотических средств и психотропных веществ при назначении наказания. Рассмотрены различные позиции ученых по вопросу критериев, определяющих общественную опасность совершенного преступления. Отмечается, что происходит формирование нового взгляда на содержание общественной опасности преступного деяния. Автор придерживается позиции, которая включает в содержание общественной опасности преступного деяния вредоносность и прецедентность, показателями такой опасности выступают ее характер и степень. Вредоносность обусловлена прежде всего уровнем наркотизации населения, позволяющим оценить совокупность наступивших негативных последствий приспособительного и преобразовательного свойства наркопреступности. Характеризуя прецедентность, следует иметь в виду оценку наркоситуации, которая проявляется в возможности ее повторяемости и несет свойства человеческой практики. Специфика общественной опасности преступления в сфере незаконного оборота наркотических средств и психотропных веществ определена ее характером и степенью. Обращается особое внимание на то, что характер общественной опасности определен через объект уголовно-правовой охраны. Общественные отношения, охраняющие здоровье населения, определяют социальную сущность преступления в сфере незаконного оборота наркотических средств и психотропных веществ, выступают основанием уголовной ответственности, служат основанием для классификации преступлений. Приводятся статистические показатели различных структур, характеризующие здоровье населения и ситуацию в сфере незаконного наркооборота. Обращается внимание на то, что содержание общественной опасности должно быть закреплено не в постановлении Пленума Верховного суда РФ, а на законодательном уровне, что позволит совершенствовать уголовное законодательство и практику его применения. The article is devoted to a problem of accounting of public danger of crime in the sphere of illicit trafficking in drugs and psychotropic substances at assignment of punishment. The author considers various positions of scientists on the criteria defining public danger of the committed crime. It is noted that there is a formation of a new view on the content of public danger of criminal action. The author adheres to a position which includes injuriousness and a pretsedentnost in the content of public danger of criminal action, its character and degree act as indicators of such danger. The injuriousness is caused first of all by the population narcotization level allowing to estimate set of the come negative consequences of adaptive and converting property of narcocrime. Characterizing a pretsedentnost, it must be kept in mind assessment of a drug abuse situation which is shown in a possibility of its repeatability and bears properties of human practice. The specifics of public danger of crimes in the sphere of illicit trafficking in drugs and psychotropic substances are defined by its character and degree. Special attention that the nature of public danger is defined through object of criminal protection is paid. The public relations protecting health of the population define social essence of crimes in the sphere of illicit trafficking in drugs and psychotropic substances, act as the basis of criminal liability, form the basis for classification of crimes. The statistics of various structures characterizing health of the population and a situation in the sphere of an illegal narcoturn are given. The author pays attention that the content of public danger has to be enshrined not in the resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, and at the legislative level that will allow to improve the criminal legislation and practice of its application.danger of crimes in the sphere of illicit trafficking in drugs and psychotropic substances at assignment of punishment. The author considers various positions of scientists on the criteria defining the nature of public danger of the committed crime. It is noted that there is a formation of a new view on the content of nature of public danger of criminal action. Special attention that in the existing resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation «About practice of appointment of criminal penalty as courts of the Russian Federation» the nature of public danger is defined through object of criminal protection is paid. The public relations protecting health of the population define social essence of crimes in the sphere of illicit trafficking in drugs and psychotropic substances, act as the basis of criminal liability, form the basis for classification of crimes. The statistics of various structures characterizing health of the population and a situation in the sphere of an illegal narcoturn are given. The author pays attention that the content of nature of public danger has to be enshrined not in the resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, and at the legislative level that will allow to improve the criminal legislation and practice of its application.


Author(s):  
Erica C. Southerland ◽  
Jacqueline R. Lewis

In a time of immense competition by all universities for top students and financial support, HBCUs have a special challenge to move beyond the laurels of tradition and innovatively participate in the modern market of college admissions. This study is a follow-up comparative deductive content analysis of the use of social media by admissions offices of top HBCUs according to U.S. News and World Report. The presence of these institutions' undergraduate admissions offices on popular social media sites such as Facebook, Twitter and YouTube and the usability of these sites have been measured against the principles of two-way communication. The results show diversity in social media use amongst institutions and certain changes and improvements made on each site since the time of the 2013 pilot study. Findings and recommendations provide insight into next steps for HBCUs to remain competitive in the digital age, according to best practices in public relations.


Author(s):  
Andrey Sergeyevich Burtsev ◽  
Vyacheslav Sergeyevich Semenyakin

We consider development of modern criminal legislation features in the anti-corruption sphere. The urgency of the fight against corruption in the Russian Federation and the difficulties standing in its way are emphasized. Noted the specificity of the Russian legislation in the anti-corruption sphere, which consists in the fact that the modern Russian criminal law mechanism of combating corruption is firmly based on international legal acts. The main stages of development and formation of modern anti-corruption legislation, its connection with international law are considered. The role of legal norms in strengthening the security of the state, increasing its authority in the world is revealed. A large number of sources of corruption law are analyzed, including the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, Federal laws, the Decision of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation. Changes made to the legislation in different years concerned the subject structure, the minimum size of a bribe, nature of commission of crime, etc. In the course of the analysis of anti-corruption norms of criminal law traced their relationship with the non-criminal legislation in force in this area, noted their mutual influence. It is concluded that the current anti-corruption criminal legislation has been formed in the Russian Federation, but the process of its development due to the ongoing socio-economic transformations of society is not completed. The necessity of an effective legal mechanism regulating public relations arising in the case of a corruption-related crime is noted.


T-Comm ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
Evgeniy M. Lobov ◽  
◽  
Dmitry N. Shubin ◽  
Nikolai A. Kandaurov ◽  
Elizaveta O. Lobova ◽  
...  

The article discusses an algorithm for generating a new class of polyphase pseudo-random sequences with a nonlinear generation algorithm for use in secure communication systems with spread spectrum technology. In particular, the proposed sequences are relevant to use for generating signals in a secure command radio link between unmanned vehicles located in different environments, and dispatch centers of the "smart city". An analysis of the existing ensembles and an assessment of their main characteristics are carried out. Namely, the size of the ensemble, which affects the security of the communication system, and the level of maximum emissions of the cross-correlation function. The existing ensembles of polyphase pseudo-random sequences do not simultaneously have satisfactory values of the considered indicators. Therefore, an urgent task is to develop an ensemble that finds a compromise between these two characteristics and has a nonlinear generation algorithm. The essence of the algorithm for the formation of the proposed new class of polyphase pseudo-random sequences is to expand the classical polyphase sequences, for example, Frank, Chu, or Milewski, which have good correlation properties, de Bruijn sequences with a large ensemble and a nonlinear formation algorithm. Comparative analysis of the proposed method for forming a class of polyphase sequences shows the advantage of its use. In particular, an improvement in cross-correlation characteristics and a significant increase in the size of the ensemble of new sequences compared to the original sequences are shown. These properties can be used to increase the structural secrecy of command radio links.


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