scholarly journals گــام¬های عـملی یک ترجــمهء حرفه¬ای Practical Steps For Literal Translation

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (43) ◽  
pp. 358-375
Author(s):  
Mahdi Ahmed Hussen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Target Language ◽  
Sequential Order ◽  
Source Language ◽  
Literal Translation ◽  
Foreign Text ◽  
Language Text ◽  
Contextual Meaning ◽  
Effective Translation

پژوهش حاضر که با عنوان گام­های عملی یک ترجمهء حرفه­­­­­­­­ای يك تلاش فروتنانه به دنبال بررسی وتحلیل گام­های عملی ترجمه حرفه­ای است، كه هر مترجم برای ارائه یک ترجمه خوب و درست از زبان مبدأ به زبان مقصد باید ان را دنبال کند. پژوهش از شش مطلب تشکیل یافته است, كه مجموع آن گام­های عملی یک ترجمهء حرفه­ای به شمار می روند .از میان مهمترین نتایجی که پژوهشگر به آن رسیده: ترجمه هم مانند هر فعالیت ادبی باید طبق مرحله­هایی یا با گام­های مرتب ویکی پس از دیگری انجام شود وگرنه کار کم اهمیت خواهد بود, و گام­های عملی ترجمه حرفه­ای عبارتنداز: انتخاب کتاب،گرفتن اجازه از صاحب اثر،شروع به ترجمهء متن اثر،ترجمهء عنوان کتاب ، ویرایش وانتخاب ناشر. Abstract The present paper, practical methods of professional translation, discusses the most important methods to achieve an accurate effective translation from the source language text to the equivalent target language text. The present study suggests that practical translation like any literary activity is of six main stages that follow sequential order to achieve an accurate translation: (choosing the foreign text to be translated, the author of the text permission, the text translation, considering the title contextual meaning, reviewing the text translation, and finally finding a good publisher).

AN ANALYSIS ON THE TRANSLATION OF REPETITIVE INDONESIAN ADJECTIVE INTO ENGLISH

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Arsiwela
Keyword(s):  
English Translation ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
Source Language ◽  
Literal Translation ◽  
Translation Strategy ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Language Text

The function of translation is to convey meaning or message from source language text into target language text. However, in translating, the translator will face some problems, for example is the translation of repetitive Indonesian adjectives. This study investigates how repetitive Indonesian adjectives are translated into English. Indonesian has repetitive adjectives such as tinggi-tinggi, cantik-cantik, and jauh-jauh and the English translation of the repetition is not tall-tall, beautiful-beautiful, and far-far respectively. The method applied in this study is qualitative descriptive method. The data will be categorized and classified and then analyzed in accordance with the principle, translation strategies, and relevant theories. The result of the study shows that literal translation strategy and transposition strategy are the most frequent strategy used by the translator. Some of them are translated in the different form grammatically but the meaning of the message in source language is well maintained into the target language. The principle of translation employed by the translator to translate Indonesian repetitive adjective is meaning.

scholarly journals Code-Mixing and literal translation in Nepal’s English newspapers

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 191-203
Author(s):  
Sagar Poudel
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Source Language ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Literal Translation ◽  
Code Mixing ◽  
Language Text

This study examines the texts published in English newspapers in Nepal to find out the code mixing and literal translation of Nepali language. For the study, the data were taken from the secondary sources. Mainly two English newspapers, The Himalayan Times and The Kathmandu Post published in Nepal were taken as the sources of the data purposively. Code mixing is the use of code from one language into another language in the course of using it in communication. Similarly, literal translation is translating the source language text into the target language text with the equivalence of structure, lexicon and morphology. Such code mixing and literal translation brings variation into target language. The study found out that the codes, which are associated with religion, particular culture, local context and situations are mixed with English language. Similarly, the popular expressions among the Nepalese context were found literally translated.

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF COGNITIVE ACADEMIC LANGUAGE LEARNING STRATEGIES (CALLS) TO HELP THE STUDENTS IN RECOGNIZING THE LEXICAL CONSTRAINTS ON THE STUDENTS TRANSLATION

JURNAL ELINK ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diah Astuty
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Academic Language ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Language Learning Strategies ◽  
Source Language ◽  
Lexical Constraints ◽  
Language Text

his study aims to describe the sorts of lexical constraints that appeared on the students translation when translating some source language texts into some target language texts. The competence of linguistic fields that the students have acquired is in the fact assumed to be inadequate and it can cause the lexical constraints.Keywords: CALLS, lexical constraints,source language text,target language text

scholarly journals THE TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES USED IN THE BILINGUAL DESTINATION MAP “PETA WISATA JAWA TENGAH” TRANSLATED INTO “CENRAL JAVA TOURIST MAP”

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayantina Arafanti ◽  
Rahmanti Asmarani
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Source Language ◽  
Literal Translation ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Translation Technique ◽  
Translation Techniques ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

This study aims to find the translation techniques used by the translator in translating sentences of the bilingual destination map. The researchers used descriptive qualitative method to describe the translation techniques applied in the bilingual destination map “Peta Wisata Jawa Tengah” which is translated into “Central Java Tourist Map”. This study starts by finding the problem, collecting data, classifying data, analyzing data, and drawing the conclusion. The mostly used in translation techniques is literal translation technique to make the translation work clear for the tourists domestic even international. This technique is used when the target language (TL) is applied through the sentence without observing the differences of context or meaning in the source language (SL), whereas the discursive creation and description are rarely used.

scholarly journals Optimizing Tokenization Choice for Machine Translation across Multiple Target Languages

2017 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasser Zalmout ◽  
Nizar Habash
Keyword(s):  
Machine Translation ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Statistical Machine Translation ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Source Language ◽  
Context Variable ◽  
Significant Performance ◽  
Morphologically Rich Languages ◽  
Target Languages ◽  
Language Text

AbstractTokenization is very helpful for Statistical Machine Translation (SMT), especially when translating from morphologically rich languages. Typically, a single tokenization scheme is applied to the entire source-language text and regardless of the target language. In this paper, we evaluate the hypothesis that SMT performance may benefit from different tokenization schemes for different words within the same text, and also for different target languages. We apply this approach to Arabic as a source language, with five target languages of varying morphological complexity: English, French, Spanish, Russian and Chinese. Our results show that different target languages indeed require different source-language schemes; and a context-variable tokenization scheme can outperform a context-constant scheme with a statistically significant performance enhancement of about 1.4 BLEU points.

scholarly journals Translating Proverbs in the Mate ras Mate Film Texts from Karonese Language into English

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Milisi Sembiring ◽  
Vivi Novalia Sitinjak
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Translation Method ◽  
Source Language ◽  
Literal Translation ◽  
Cultural Terms ◽  
Film Texts ◽  
Film Text

The research aimed to explore the problems and the solutions in translating proverbs in the SL into the TL. This research applied a qualitative research and supported by cultural and translation analyses. The data were collected from the dialogues of Ngapul and Yerti in the film of “Mate ras Mate”. The Karonese proverbs in the MRM film texts were the source language (SL). The researchers translated the SL and found out their equivalents in the target language (TL) in English. The data for this research were gathered from its film text. After collecting the proverbs in film, the researchers identified and translated them into English. The researchers applied the translation procedures of cultural equivalent, paraphrase, descriptive equivalent, and literal translation method to translate the proverbs in the SL into the TL. The result shows that many Karonese proverbs and cultural terms in the SL have no equivalent in the TL.

scholarly journals The Effect of Collocation on Meaning Representation of Adjectives such as Big and Large in Translation from Two Languages Used in the Article to English Language Texts

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Malahat Minaabad
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Source Language ◽  
Meaning Representation ◽  
Contextual Meaning

Translation is the process to transfer written or spoken source language (SL) texts to equivalent written or spoken target language (TL) texts. Translation studies (TS) relies so heavily on a concept of meaning, that one may claim that there is no TS without any reference to meanings. People’s understanding of the meaning of sentences is far more reliable than their understanding of the meaning of words. Since what people know when they know the meaning of a word is important, but the skill of incorporating that word appropriately into meaningful linguistic contexts is more important. Our interest here lies in the shift of emphasis from referential or dictionary meaning to contextual meaning of adjectives such as big, and large in translation to English language texts or vice versa. Since big and large are synonyms, it is not surprising that they can be used to describe many of the same nouns. However, they are not perfect synonyms, and there are some differences in the distribution of these adjectives which make some problems for translators especially from those languages which these kinds of differences are not so obvious.    

scholarly journals PENERJEMAHAN KATA BUDAYA DALAM LASKAR PELANGI KE DALAM NOVEL BAHASA JEPANG NIJI NO SHOONENTACHI

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Mike Nurjana
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Source Language ◽  
Literal Translation ◽  
Language Style ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
The Aesthetic

<p>This research aims to describe the method and technique of the translation of cultural words in “Laskar Pelangi” into a Japanese novel, “Niji no Shoonentachi.” This research uses a descriptive approach with comparative models. Cultural words in this study are determined based on the classification proposed by Newmark’s models. In this research 186 data have been collected according to the two cultural categories, namely, material one and ecological one. The data collection was conducted by comparing Japanese: the target language, and Indonesian: the source language. This comparative analysis of the data uses work tools such as dictionaries, both printed and online. <br />As a result, there are 161 equivalent and 25 not equivalent found out of the 186 data in the translation. The strategy used by the translator consists of literal translation, using general words, cultural substitution, couplet, naturalization from Indonesian, omission, descriptive, naturalization from English and calque. Meanwhile, the language style of the translator tends to follow the language style of the author, trying to bring out the aesthetic value of the source language. Following this tendency and this attitude, the translator of “Laskar Pelangi” has produced the good quality translation</p>

scholarly journals Manusia Gaib as The Translation of Invisible Man: Linguistic and Cultural Errors in Translating English Novel

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulieda Hermaniar
Keyword(s):  
Target Language ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Cultural Issue ◽  
Invisible Man ◽  
Source Language ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Cultural Aspect ◽  
Linguistic Aspect ◽  
Language Text

This study is aimed to describe the errors in linguistic and cultural aspect when Yuliani Liputo and Eva Y. Nukman translate Invisible Man into Manusia Gaib. Paragraphs that consist of errors in linguistic and cultural are taken and analyzed to gather the data. In collecting the data, the writer uses library research. It is conducted by collecting data from materials related to literature of the problem. There are 11 data that need to be observed by the writer. The writer compares the source language text and the target language text and gives her analysis about what errors occur and also the suggested translation for the errors. The data which have been observed by the writer show the errors that have been classified: (1) Linguistic; syntactical, morphological, and semantic. (2) Cultural errors; socio-culture. The data which have been observed by the writer show that the translator made errors in linguistic and cultural aspect. In translating the novel, the translator does not pay attention to linguistic and cultural aspects in the novel. Based on the data which have been analyzed, the writer found that in translating a novel, a translator needs to learn not only about all types of translation, but also the linguistic and cultural issues in the novel. In linguistic aspect, a translation should realize the differences between the source language and target language, pay attention to modifier, and classification of word. In cultural aspect, a translation should be aware of cultural issue in the novel

scholarly journals Collocation and connotation in chapter “Scylla and Charybdis” of James Joyce’s Ulysses. An analytical study of the Romanian translation

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-167
Author(s):  
Andra Iulia Ursa
Keyword(s):  
James Joyce ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Language Translation ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Writing Style ◽  
Source Language ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Target Culture ◽  
Language Text

The present article was written as part of the PhD dissertation entitled “An analysis regarding the evolution of James Joyce’s writing style in ‘Dubliners’, ‘A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man’ and ‘Ulysses’ and the strategies of translating it into Romanian”. The research starts from the hypothesis that a perfect rendition in a different language of a literary text of this type is nothing more than a utopia. However, a translator should always intend to achieve an equilibrium between the author’s intentions, the form, the content and the target culture. In “Ulysses”, James Joyce experiments with language, abandoning the definition of sense and revolutionises the art of expressing thoughts through words. The current work will concentrate on the thorough analysis of adjectival and adverbial collocations conceptualized in the ninth chapter of “Ulysses”. Our purpose is to investigate how Mircea Ivănescu’s Romanian translation deals with collocations and especially with those that typically represent Joyce’s authorial style. Mircea Ivănescu (1931-2011) is a Romanian poet and the sole translator who accomplished the difficult task of translating the entire novel, although there had been various attempts at translating only chapters of it. It is an approved work of translation, having received both praise and critical appreciation. After more than three decades from this chapter’s translation, our research aims for a further exposition of the similarities and distinctions between the source language text and the target language translation.       

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