CONTAMINATION AS A MANIFESTATION OF THE LUDIC WORD CREATION IN THE DISCOURSE ABOUT THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF THE NEW GERMAN WORDS)

2021 ◽  
pp. 123-132
Author(s):  
О.А. Никитина ◽  
О.А. Гудкова
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
The Other ◽  
Language Games ◽  
Lexical Development ◽  
Subjective Meaning ◽  
New Words ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Semantic Types ◽  
The One

В статье рассматриваются новые контаминированные лексические единицы немецкого языка, возникшие в период пандемии коронавируса 2020 года. Выявляются особенности контаминации как способа образования новых слов, описываются формально-структурные и семантические типы контаминантов немецкого языка. Показано, что в анализируемом языковом материале преобладают фонетические фузионные контаминанты. Обосновывается понимание контаминации как особой игровой словотворческой стратегии, направленной на преодоление психологического дискомфорта в период пандемии коронавируса. Использование контаминации при образовании «коронеологизмов» определяется также стремлением к компрессии информации и реализации образно-выразительного потенциала контаминированных новообразований, возникающих благодаря установлению особых ассоциативных связей между синтаксически обособленными словами и привнесению элементов субъективного смысла. Путем анализа мотивационных основ и семантики новых контаминантов делается вывод о том, что языковые игры с контаминированными словами пользуются особой популярностью в «пандемическом» дискурсе за счет их коннотативного эмоционально-оценочного потенциала. Появление подобных в структурном и семантическом отношении контаминантов периода пандемии 2020 года в различных языках можно рассматривать двояко: с одной стороны, можно предположить заимствование уже готовых контаминированных единиц из английского языка, с другой стороны, речь может идти либо о неологическом полигенезисе (параллельном возникновении аналогичных новых слов в разных языках), либо об усилении уже имеющейся в немецком языке тенденции лексического развития под влиянием английского языка. В целом новая «коронавирусная» лексика, образованная путем контаминации, подтверждает тенденцию к лексической глобализации (прежде всего, под влиянием английского языка). The article deals with the new German contaminated lexical units that appeared during the coronavirus pandemic of 2020. The features of contamination as a way of coining new words are identified, and the formal-structural and semantic types of German contaminants are described. It is shown that the phonetic fusion contaminants predominate in the analyzed material. The article substantiates the understanding of contamination as a ludic word-creating strategy aimed at overcoming psychological discomfort during the pandemic. The use of contamination in the coining of "coroneologisms" is also determined by the wish to compress the information and to realize the figurative and expressive potential of contaminated words, which occurs due to the special associative links between syntactically separate words and the introduction of elements of subjective meaning. By analyzing the motivational basis and semantics of the new contaminants, it is concluded that language games with contaminated words are particularly popular in the "pandemic" discourse due to their connotative emotional and evaluative potential. The appearance of similar structural and semantic contaminants of the 2020 pandemic period in different languages can be considered in two ways: on the one hand, we can assume the borrowing of ready-made contaminated units from the English language, on the other hand, we can talk either about neological polygenesis (parallel emergence of similar new words in different languages), or about the strengthening of the lexical development trend already existing in German under the influence of English. In general, the new "coronavirus" vocabulary formed by contamination confirms the trend towards lexical globalization (primarily under the influence of the English language)

Oxymoronim as a Semantic Unity of Contrasts

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Коробкина ◽  
N. Korobkina
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Dissonance ◽  
English Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
Conceptual Integration ◽  
Lexical Meaning ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Communicative Space ◽  
Stylistic Device

An oxymoronimis is considered as a reflection of linguistic duality and a result of conceptual integration. An oxymoronimas as a result of a modern word creation and an oxymoron as a well-known stylistic device are compared structurally and semantically. The key semantic sign of an oxymoronim (a unity of contrasts) is singled out. In addition to that a possible definition of this notion is stated.On the one hand a cognitive dissonance of an oxymoron is underlined, on the other hand an attention is paid on the instability, diffusion and emergence of an oxymoronim’s semantics. It is obviously possible to interpret a lexical meaning of an oxymoronim by means of the following: extralinguistic and linguistic contexts of its appearance and functioning and this nomination’ssynonymic paroemias. Uniqueness of an occasional oxymoronimis is noted for the Russian lingvoculture in view of quantitative leveling of these linguistic novelties in the communicative space of the modern English language.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF ENGLISH HEADLINES AND THEIR TRANSLATION INTO RUSSIAN

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
Елена Николаевна Мозжегорова ◽  
Елена Николаевна Засецкова
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
English Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

Настоящая статья посвящена исследованию проблемы перевода англоязычного заголовка на русский язык с целью выявления его особенностей и привлекаемых переводческих приемов. Авторами подчеркивается актуальность проведенного исследования ввиду растущей потребности быстрого и качественного перевода публицистических текстов и собственно заголовков как ключевого элемента публикации. В работе приводятся определения понятия «заголовок»; выделяются его функции; подчеркивается противоречивый характер заголовка: он может выступать как самостоятельная речевая единица и как равноправный элемент произведения; раскрываются особенности англоязычного заголовка, а также особенности газетно-информационного стиля современного английского языка. Авторы подробно рассматривают переводческие трансформации, привлекаемые для перевода англоязычных заголовков на русский язык, на примере заголовков периодических изданий Великобритании и США. На основе сравнительно-сопоставительного анализа текстов оригинала и перевода авторам удалось выявить лексические, грамматические и стилистические особенности, используемые в англоязычных газетных изданиях. В статье отмечается ключевая роль заголовка в произведении, а также факт особой ответственности в части перевода данного элемента произведения, поскольку именно корректно составленный и переведенный заголовок обеспечивает привлекательность и конкурентоспособность публикации в целом. The article is devoted to the problem of translation of English headlines into Russian to identify headline peculiarities and employed translation shifts. The authors stress the relevance of the conducted study due to the growing need for quick and high quality translation of social-political texts and headlines playing a key role in them. The paper provides a number of definitions for the term «headline»; points out the functions of the headline; stresses the controversial character of the headline: on the one hand, it is an independent speech unit, and on the other hand, it can be treated as an equal element of a text; identifies the peculiarities of English headlines as well as the peculiarities of the newspaper style of the modern English language. The authors look into the translation transformations employed when translating English headlines into Russian as exemplified by the British and American periodicals. Basing on the comparative analysis of the source texts and translations, the authors managed to identify some lexical, grammar, and stylistic peculiarities employed in the English newspapers. The article also notes the key role of the headline and the significance of its translation since it is a correctly composed and then translated headline which provides the attractiveness and competitiveness of a published work.

Compositional mechanisms and selectional constraints in syntax and word formation

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Batiukova
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Lexical Entry ◽  
The Other ◽  
Base Word ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Generative Lexicon ◽  
Semantic Types ◽  
The One ◽  
Different Parts

Abstract This study compares compositional processes involved in syntax on the one hand and word formation on the other hand within the Generative Lexicon framework. It first shows how semantic types incorporated in a structured lexical entry are acted on by different compositional mechanisms in predicates headed by verbs and in modification constructions, and then analyzes non-evaluative suffixation in Spanish in order to determine how the head suffix interacts with the meaning of the base word. It is concluded that different parts of the lexical entry of the selected component (syntactic argument or morphological base) can be accessed in both phrase construction and word formation, but the mechanisms underlying complex syntactic and morphological structures differ in significant ways.

scholarly journals LEXICAL COMBINABILITY OF ADJECTIVES AND NOUNS EXPRESSING ELEMENTS OF APPRAISAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 978-983
Author(s):  
Stanislav S. Bulgakov ◽  
Tatiana A. Belousova ◽  
Vita A. Kuzmicheva ◽  
Vladimir S. Pugach ◽  
Yulia N. Yatsenko
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
English Language ◽  
Online News ◽  
The Other ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

Purposes: The present article aims to examine and analyze the nature of lexical combinability in the English language, namely collocates expressing elements of appraisal found in authentic online news articles. Methodology: The article is based on the analysis of dozens of online news articles as they contain a plethora of adjective + noun collocates denoting elements of the appraisal. Results: The phenomenon under study is attracting considerable interest due to its relevance in modern linguistics and practical day-to-day use. Despite this interest, many hypotheses regarding lexical combinability appear to be disputable and, in a way, ill-defined which makes further research well-founded. Implications/Applications: As a matter of fact, combinatory linguistics has always paid special attention to adjectives expressing elements of appraisal as appraisal itself belongs to, on the one hand, much-discussed, but on the other hand, quite an intricate subject matter. The appraisal is indeed bound to be a multi-purpose linguistic category that has been scrutinized by numerous scholars in the field of philosophy, axiology, aesthetics, etc. Novelty/Originality: It should be noted, that there are various viewpoints regarding the structure and means of representing attitudinal meaning and their tendency to combine with certain words the novelty of current work is paying to adjectives and nouns.

scholarly journals Eucaristia e experiência de Deus. A importância da Eucaristia no atual contexto de busca do Sagrado

2001 ◽  
Vol 61 (244) ◽  
pp. 803
Author(s):  
Maria Clara Luchetti Bingemer
Keyword(s):  
Jesus Christ ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
New Words ◽  
Experience Of God ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
The Church

Na sociedade atual, onde convivem e se entrecruzam, por um lado, a secularização que parece minimizar e desvalorizar o sagrado e o religioso e, por outro lado, a explosão de novas formas de expressão religiosa, a celebração da Eucaristia pretende oferecer àqueles que dela participam uma experiência de Deus. Para isso, a Igreja vive hoje o desafio da fidelidade a toda a profundidade de significação contida no Sacramento da Eucaristia, mas ao mesmo tempo de comunicar o mistério que é seu conteúdo em novas palavras e por novas expressões, por meios que atraiam e seduzam os seres humanos modernos. Para isso, a Eucaristia conta com um elemento de novidade radical naquilo que concerne ao sentido do sagrado: o mistério da Encarnação de Jesus Cristo, Verbo feito carne, Mediador Único  da Nova Aliança. Abstract: In present-day society, where side by side and intersecting, secularization on the one hand seems to minimize and devalorize the sacred and the religious while on the other hand is the explosion of new ways to express religiousness, the celebration of the Eucharist intends to offer to those who participate in it an experience of God. For this, the Church today lives out the challenge of fidelity to all the depth ofmeaning contained in the Sacrament of the Eucharist, but at the same time to communicate the mystery which is its content through new words and by new expressions, by means which attract and allure modern human beings. For this the Eucharist counts upon an element of newness radical in that which has to do with the meaning of the sacred: the mystery of the Incarnation of Jesus Christ,Word made flesh, the only Mediator of the New Alliance.

scholarly journals Orthographic destabilization in the Russian language in the early XXI century

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Marina Sergeevna Kosyreva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
Global English ◽  
New Words ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Word Forms ◽  
The One ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Over Time

This article analyzes the phenomenon of orthographic destabilization in the Russian language in the early XXI century. The phonic and graphic word forms compete in the process of phonetic-graphic adaptation of global lexis to the conditions of the accepting language. The spring to life of the loanword in the new orthographic conditions is associated with variability of the form. Over time, the form of the word stabilizes, resulting in formal de-barbarization of the loanword. In the early XXI century, certain lexical globalisms retain variability even after codification in the normative and specialized dictionaries. The concept of overcoming the variability of orthographic norm in the conditions of linguistic globalization is not being fully implemented, causing orthographic destabilization. On the one hand, the rollback to orthographic variability demonstrates complex vicissitudes of the formation of speech culture of the era of linguistic globalization, while on the other hand is substantiated by specificity of the mechanisms of phonetic-graphic adaptation of loanwords in the Russian language. The variability expands due to the adaptation of new words from the global English departs from the existing orthographic rules. The author demonstrates the phenomenon of orthographic destabilization using the representative examples; as well as concludes that it is of destructive nature, and should be overcome by hewing to the relevant orthographic trends and rules.

scholarly journals The Implementation of the Principle of Economy in the Formation of Psychological Terms in English and Russian

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
Y.V. Yarovikova ◽  
E.A. Balygina
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Words ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Creation

The paper addresses the ways of applying economy principle to the sublanguage of psychology. The authors identify the most productive term formation methods, which show the tendency of both languages to compression of nominal words and phrases. In the system of psychological terms of the English language, the most productive ways of linguistic compression are affixation and compounding. The English terminological system is rich, functional and economical because of its unlimited potential for compounding and affixation. The Russian terminological system is more likely to enrich the vocabulary through phonetic borrowings, semantic derivation and calque. It is argued that the borrowings acquired by the Russian terminological system account for the multitude of synonymous terms. On the other hand, phonetic borrowings and semantic calque have enriched the vocabulary without effort and redundancy. It is concluded that economy principle plays a fundamental role in the creation of new words and their adaptation to the English and Russian terminological systems.

scholarly journals Pandemic as an antisystem: analysis of constitutive aspects

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
V. V. Lukanova
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
The Other ◽  
Language Games ◽  
Binary Opposition ◽  
Extreme Situation ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Semiotic Approach ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The One

It has been shown in the article that the negative medianity is that theoretical concept, which, on the one hand, shows the clinical picture of each particular case of a pandemic, and, on the other hand, it takes into account the socio-cultural, economic-geographical and other specific circumstances of the emergence of the pandemic.It has been found out that cases of the negative medianity can be represented in the horizons of language games by L. Wittgenstein. The essence of mosaic pandemics has been characterized through the concept of language games, firstly, by a certain set of concepts (verbal cut), secondly, by a certain set of actions for the diagnosis and counteraction of a pandemic (nonverbal cut), thirdly, by a certain compendium of the rules to be followed (normative cut), and fourthly, by some uncertainty as it is impossible to predict how pandemic will end (a cut of uncertainty).A semiotic approach to the study of the phenomenon of the pandemic has been suggested. It has been shown that the semiotic approach to the study of the pandemic contains, on the one hand, the stratagems of a medical semiotic, which consists of general and private parts, and on the other hand, it consists of semiotics as a humanitarian and interdisciplinary research direction.It has been found out that the semiotic structure of the pandemic should take into account three levels which predict each other mutually.It has been shown in the article that the concept of «extreme situation» is based on the non-classical understanding of the situation, which involves the presence of several aspects: problems, shocks, choices, boundaries and mood. It has been proved that the features of the pandemic as an extreme situation are: negligence, danger, extra ordinariness, stress, non-adaptation. The three layers of the extreme situation have been revealed (empirical, containing a number of moments: occurrence, vital safety, marginality, reality and potentialities of consequences; formal-psychological, reactive, personal, interactive, transactional points of view; meta psychological or ontological or existential-axiological, which in its turn includes three points of view: meta-psychological, ontological and existential-axiological).It has been shown that the antagonism of entropy and negentropy in the framework of the humanity-environment system is mutually exclusive and is rooted in the fundamental binary opposition of «order / chaos». And in the modern post-classical world this requires the search for new dialogues between humanity and the environment.

scholarly journals Teaching Collocations in EFL Classroom

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arab World English Journal ◽  
Nasrin S. Altuwairesh
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
English Language ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
English Language Teaching ◽  
The Other ◽  
Single Word ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

The last two decades have witnessed a growing interest in vocabulary items consisting of more than a single word in the field of English language teaching (ELT) (Nation & Meara, 2002, p. 36; Schmitt, 2000, p. 96). Researchers in the area came to notice that language is produced by native speakers as 'chunks' rather than single words (Schmitt, 2000, p. 42; Read, 2000, p.20). This entails that if language instructors wish English as a foreign language (EFL) learners to attain native-like proficiency, they should be trained on the use of chunks of language and equipped with a large number of them. Such multiple-word items, Schmitt (2000) explains, constitute a rather high percentage of the English language and are drawing more attention. Thus, these chunks of language are worth spending time on in any language course. The purpose of the following paper is two-fold: on the one hand, the researcher intends to get ELT instructors aware of the concept of collocations and its significance, for those who are not already aware of this aspect of language. On the other hand, the researcher aims at suggesting ways to help learners develop collocational knowledge.

Stories and the Self

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Krause ◽  
Markus Appel
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Degree ◽  
Contrast Effects ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

Abstract. Two experiments examined the influence of stories on recipients’ self-perceptions. Extending prior theory and research, our focus was on assimilation effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in line with a protagonist’s traits) as well as on contrast effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in contrast to a protagonist’s traits). In Experiment 1 ( N = 113), implicit and explicit conscientiousness were assessed after participants read a story about either a diligent or a negligent student. Moderation analyses showed that highly transported participants and participants with lower counterarguing scores assimilate the depicted traits of a story protagonist, as indicated by explicit, self-reported conscientiousness ratings. Participants, who were more critical toward a story (i.e., higher counterarguing) and with a lower degree of transportation, showed contrast effects. In Experiment 2 ( N = 103), we manipulated transportation and counterarguing, but we could not identify an effect on participants’ self-ascribed level of conscientiousness. A mini meta-analysis across both experiments revealed significant positive overall associations between transportation and counterarguing on the one hand and story-consistent self-reported conscientiousness on the other hand.

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