HIGHWAY IMPACT STUDY OF THE EFFICIENCY OF COATING AND BASE COMPACTION WITH THREE-ROLLER TANDEM COMPACTORS

2021 ◽  
pp. 114-122
Author(s):  
Владимир Александрович Нилов ◽  
Владимир Алексееич Жулай ◽  
Виталий Леонидович Тюнин ◽  
Алексей Николаевич Щиенко
Keyword(s):  
Impact Study ◽  
Economic Calculation ◽  
Vertical Loading ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Increase In Productivity ◽  
Number Of Passes

Приведено технико-экономическое обоснование повышения эффективности уплотнения покрытий и оснований за счет использования трехвальцевых дорожных катков тандемного типа. Выполнены расчеты, показывающие возможность последовательного увеличения вертикального нагружения вальцев катка по мере возрастания прочности уплотняемой поверхности в широких пределах (до 1,1 веса серийного катка) за счет применения дополнительной управляемой секции. Установлена возможность уменьшения числа проходов катка за счет увеличения количества его вальцев. Проведен технико-экономический расчет, подтверждающий целесообразность применения таких дорожных катков, выполненных на базе серийных двухвальцевых машин, которая обусловлена увеличением производительности в 1,27…1,5 раза. We present a highway impact study for increasing efficiency of compaction of coatings and bases through the use of three-roller tandem compactors. Calculations have been performed showing the possibility of a sequential increase in the vertical loading of the rollers of a compactor as the strength of the compacted surface increases over a wide range (up to 1.1 of the weight of a serial compactor) due to the use of an additional controlled section. The possibility of reducing the number of passes of the compactor by increasing the number of its rollers has been established. A technical and economic calculation was carried out confirming the feasibility of using such road compactors made on the basis of serial two- roller tandem compactors, which is due to an increase in productivity by 1,27…1,5 times.

scholarly journals The Influence of the Honeycomb Design Parameters on the Mechanical Behavior of Non-Pneumatic Tires

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (03) ◽  
pp. 2050024
Author(s):  
Evangelia Ganniari-Papageorgiou ◽  
Panagiotis Chatzistergos ◽  
Xiaoxu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Cell Length ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Internal Stresses ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Vertical Stiffness ◽  
Vertical Loading ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pneumatic Tires

Non-Pneumatic Tires with honeycomb structure have complex design and their mechanical behavior is influenced by their geometry. As a result, deep understanding of the effect of various design parameters is very important for design optimization. In this numerical analysis, the effect of a wide range of internal geometrical parameters on the tire’s weight and mechanical behavior was quantified. For this purpose, a parametric finite element model was designed and subjected to vertical loading to assess its maximum stress, contact pressure, maximum vertical displacement and energy absorbed during loading. The analysis indicated that vertical stiffness is strongly affected by the density, thickness and internal angles of the honeycomb cells. The internal angles of the honeycomb also appeared capable of changing the tire’s vertical stiffness without changing its weight, which is associated with the tire’s fuel efficiency and dynamic properties. A decrease in cell length or an increase in cell density was capable of significantly reducing the internal stresses. Proper tuning of cell thickness or cell length could also significantly reduce the magnitude of contact pressure developed by producing a more even distribution of loading between the tread and the road.

scholarly journals IOT Based Smart Agriculture Monitoring System

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 325-328
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Climatic Condition ◽  
Humidity Level ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Increase In Productivity ◽  
Smart Agriculture ◽  
And Control

In old Days Farmers was very interested to figure out the fertility of soil and impact on feeling to grow which to quite yield. They brought some thoughts which leads to detect humidity level water level climatic condition with the help of internet of things (IOT) which is redesigning the farming sector through the wide range of strategies, as an example accuracy furthermore as practical farming to house challenging within farming sector. The application of IOT helps in gathering of information which is quietly helpful in farming sector like changing in climatic condition fertility of soil , amount of water needed for crops , bug location interruption of creature to the sphere, horticulture, .IOT helps farmers to proper utilize the technology together with the information with his residence from wherever and at whatever point. Different types of sensors are used for the inspection and control of the crop which are very significant under their precise output and use. cameras are used for remotely monitoring the field. IOT technology helps in best crop management, increase in productivity and reduce the trouble of farmer as compared to normal farming.

Mechanochemical Reactions in Black-Filled SBR Vulcanizates under Large Deformation

2007 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asahiro Ahagon ◽  
Yoshiaki Kirino
Keyword(s):  
Large Deformation ◽  
Crosslink Density ◽  
Roll Mill ◽  
Bond Scission ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Worn Surface ◽  
Number Of Passes ◽  
Mechanochemical Reactions ◽  
Mechanochemical Degradation

Abstract Mechanochemical degradation of black-filled SBR's at large deformation was studied in relation to abrasion. Deformation of rubbers caused bond scission and reduced the crosslink density; however, subsequent free radical reactions reconstructed the network structure in a short time to some extents depending on the strain. The extent of crosslink recovery was larger with larger strains. As a consequence, the loss in crosslink density showed a peak when plotted against the strain. When rubber was deformed by repeatedly passing through a narrow gap of a two-roll mill, the crosslink density was raised appreciably above the original level after a small number of passes. Surprisingly, the rubber could become plastic-like while the crosslink density was maintained high. All of these results matched well with the characteristic phenomena observed in abrasion of rubbers, e.g., the varying appearance of wear with severity, the worn surface and debris prone to be oxidized, and the bimodal size distribution of debris. It was strongly suggested that mechanochemical degradation participated in abrasion in a wide range of severity.

Numerical Investigation Into the Keying Process of a Plate Anchor Vertically Installed in Cohesionless Soil

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabil Al Hakeem ◽  
Charles Aubeny
Keyword(s):  
Peak Load ◽  
Offshore Structures ◽  
Cohesionless Soil ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Embedment Depth ◽  
Pullout Capacity ◽  
Vertical Loading ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Plate Anchor ◽  
Plate Anchors

Vertically driven plate anchors offer an attractive anchoring solution for floating offshore structures, as they are both highly efficient and suitable for a wide range of soil conditions. Since they are oriented vertically after installation, keying is required to orient the anchor into the direction of applied loading. Simulation of the keying process has not been extensively investigated by previous research, especially for cohesionless soil. Reliable prediction of irrecoverable embedment loss during keying is needed, since such loss can lead to significant reduction in the uplift capacity of the plate anchors. Large deformation finite element analyses LDFE method using RITSS (Remeshing and Interpolation Technique with Small Strain) were used to simulate the keying process of strip plate anchor embedded in uniform cohesionless soil. LDFE showed that the loss in embedment depth of plate anchor during rotation is inversely proportional to the loading eccentricity e/B. It was also found that the maximum pullout capacity occurs before the end of keying process at orientations between 60° to 85° degrees for vertical loading. Also, the LDFE study showed that reduced elastic soil stiffness leading to increased levels of displacement at which the peak load is approached.

Recent Applications of High Resolution Electron Microscopy to Crystalline Arrays of Virus Particles

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 470-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.W. Horne
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Image Processing ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Staining Technique ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Optical Diffraction ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Wide Range

The technique of surrounding virus particles with a neutralised electron dense stain was described at the Fourth International Congress on Electron Microscopy, Berlin 1958 (see Home & Brenner, 1960, p. 625). For many years the negative staining technique in one form or another, has been applied to a wide range of biological materials. However, the full potential of the method has only recently been explored following the development and applications of optical diffraction and computer image analytical techniques to electron micrographs (cf. De Hosier & Klug, 1968; Markham 1968; Crowther et al., 1970; Home & Markham, 1973; Klug & Berger, 1974; Crowther & Klug, 1975). These image processing procedures have allowed a more precise and quantitative approach to be made concerning the interpretation, measurement and reconstruction of repeating features in certain biological systems.

Microfabrication research at the National Submicron Facility

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 86-89
Author(s):  
E.D. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
High Speed ◽  
New Technology ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Particle ◽  
New Science ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Intermediate Domain ◽  
Circuit Function

Most microelectronics devices and circuits operate faster, consume less power, execute more functions and cost less per circuit function when the feature-sizes internal to the devices and circuits are made smaller. This is part of the stimulus for the Very High-Speed Integrated Circuits (VHSIC) program. There is also a need for smaller, more sensitive sensors in a wide range of disciplines that includes electrochemistry, neurophysiology and ultra-high pressure solid state research. There is often fundamental new science (and sometimes new technology) to be revealed (and used) when a basic parameter such as size is extended to new dimensions, as is evident at the two extremes of smallness and largeness, high energy particle physics and cosmology, respectively. However, there is also a very important intermediate domain of size that spans from the diameter of a small cluster of atoms up to near one micrometer which may also have just as profound effects on society as “big” physics.

Application of TEM to Deformation, Wear, and Fracture of Ceramics

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 472-473
Author(s):  
B. J. Hockey
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Brittle Materials ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Corrosive Environments ◽  
Further Development

Ceramics, such as Al2O3 and SiC have numerous current and potential uses in applications where high temperature strength, hardness, and wear resistance are required often in corrosive environments. These materials are, however, highly anisotropic and brittle, so that their mechanical behavior is often unpredictable. The further development of these materials will require a better understanding of the basic mechanisms controlling deformation, wear, and fracture.The purpose of this talk is to describe applications of TEM to the study of the deformation, wear, and fracture of Al2O3. Similar studies are currently being conducted on SiC and the techniques involved should be applicable to a wide range of hard, brittle materials.

Observation of Atom Rows in Thorium Pyromellitate Using a Field Emission STEM

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 80-81
Author(s):  
H. Todokoro ◽  
S. Nomura ◽  
T. Komoda
Keyword(s):  
Field Emission ◽  
Amorphous Carbon ◽  
Carbon Film ◽  
Dark Field Image ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Amorphous Carbon Film ◽  
Atomic Size ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
A Chain

It is interesting to observe polymers at atomic size resolution. Some works have been reported for thorium pyromellitate by using a STEM (1), or a CTEM (2,3). The results showed that this polymer forms a chain in which thorium atoms are arranged. However, the distance between adjacent thorium atoms varies over a wide range (0.4-1.3nm) according to the different authors.The present authors have also observed thorium pyromellitate specimens by means of a field emission STEM, described in reference 4. The specimen was prepared by placing a drop of thorium pyromellitate in 10-3 CH3OH solution onto an amorphous carbon film about 2nm thick. The dark field image is shown in Fig. 1A. Thorium atoms are clearly observed as regular atom rows having a spacing of 0.85nm. This lattice gradually deteriorated by successive observations. The image changed to granular structures, as shown in Fig. 1B, which was taken after four scanning frames.

Development of a conical anode Fe-gun for low voltage SEM

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 978-979
Author(s):  
T. Miyokawa ◽  
S. Norioka ◽  
S. Goto
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Field Emission ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Irradiation Damage ◽  
Cold Cathode ◽  
Virtual Source ◽  
Source Position ◽  
Electrostatic Lens ◽  
Electrostatic Lenses ◽  
Wide Range

Field emission SEMs (FE-SEMs) are becoming popular due to their high resolution needs. In the field of semiconductor product, it is demanded to use the low accelerating voltage FE-SEM to avoid the electron irradiation damage and the electron charging up on samples. However the accelerating voltage of usual SEM with FE-gun is limited until 1 kV, which is not enough small for the present demands, because the virtual source goes far from the tip in lower accelerating voltages. This virtual source position depends on the shape of the electrostatic lens. So, we investigated several types of electrostatic lenses to be applicable to the lower accelerating voltage. In the result, it is found a field emission gun with a conical anode is effectively applied for a wide range of low accelerating voltages.A field emission gun usually consists of a field emission tip (cold cathode) and the Butler type electrostatic lens.

Comparison of Deterministic and Linear Cosine Spatial Filtering of Transmission Electron Micrographs

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 596-597
Author(s):  
David A. Ansley
Keyword(s):  
Spherical Aberration ◽  
Focal Length ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Spatial Filter ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
List Type ◽  
Spatial Filters ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Wide Range

The coherence of the electron flux of a transmission electron microscope (TEM) limits the direct application of deconvolution techniques which have been used successfully on unmanned spacecraft programs. The theory assumes noncoherent illumination. Deconvolution of a TEM micrograph will, therefore, in general produce spurious detail rather than improved resolution.A primary goal of our research is to study the performance of several types of linear spatial filters as a function of specimen contrast, phase, and coherence. We have, therefore, developed a one-dimensional analysis and plotting program to simulate a wide 'range of operating conditions of the TEM, including adjustment of the:(1) Specimen amplitude, phase, and separation(2) Illumination wavelength, half-angle, and tilt(3) Objective lens focal length and aperture width(4) Spherical aberration, defocus, and chromatic aberration focus shift(5) Detector gamma, additive, and multiplicative noise constants(6) Type of spatial filter: linear cosine, linear sine, or deterministic

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