scholarly journals Dinamika Lembaga Perlindungan Anak di Indonesia (1997-2016)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-187
Author(s):  
Zhiyah Zhulma Zain ◽  
Kurniawati Kurniawati ◽  
Abrar Abrar
Keyword(s):  
Child Protection ◽  
The State ◽  
Source Criticism ◽  
Name Change ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Initial Process ◽  
Social Affairs

Abstrak: Lembaga perlindungan anak merupakan ‘rumah’ terhadap setiap permasalahan anak yang seyogyanya dilindungi oleh negara. Secara konstitusi, penguatan mengenai perlindungan anak berdasarkan Undang-Undang tentang Perlindungan Anak tahun 2002. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini yaitu bagaimana proses awal dan dinamika yang dihadapi oleh lembaga perlindungan anak di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguraikan kelahiran dan dinamika lembaga perlindungan anak di Indonesia (1997-2016). Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode historis yang terdiri dari heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi dan historiografi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tahun 1997 dianggap sebagai tonggak lahirnya lembaga perlindungan anak di Indonesia yaitu dengan dibentuknya GNPA oleh Soeharto. Untuk memenuhi legalitas hukum, maka dibentuklah LPA melalui Departemen Sosial. Lembaga ini berubah nama menjadi Komnas PA pada tahun 1999. Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Anak tahun 2002, dibentuk KPAI. Perubahan nama pada lembaga perlindungan anak di Indonesia sejak tahun 1997-2002 merupakan salah satu upaya untuk melegalkan lembaga perlindungan anak. Berbagai permasalahan mengenai anak menjadi salah satu dinamika yang mewarnai lembaga perlindungan anak di Indonesia.  Kata Kunci: Komnas PA, KPAI, LPAI, Perlindungan Anak.Abstract: Child protection institutions are the 'home' for every child's problems that should be protected by the state. Constitutionally, the strengthening of child protection is based on the Act on Child Protection in 2002. The problem in this research is how the initial process and dynamics faced by child protection institutions in Indonesia. This study aims to describe the birth and dynamics of child protection institutions in Indonesia (1997-2016). The method used is the historical method consisting of heuristics, source criticism, interpretation and historiography. The results of this study indicate that 1997 is considered a milestone for the birth of child protection institutions in Indonesia, namely the establishment of GNPA by Suharto. To fulfill legal legality, LPA was formed through the Ministry of Social Affairs. This institution changed its name to Komnas PA in 1999. Based on the 2002 Child Protection Act, the KPAI was formed. The name change of child protection institutions in Indonesia since 1997-2002 is one of the efforts to legalize child protection institutions. Various problems regarding children are one of the dynamics that characterize child protection institutions in Indonesia.Keywords: Komnas PA, KPAI, LPAI, Childs Protectio.

SISTEM PENANGKAPAN IKAN RAMAH LINGKUNGAN PADA MASYARAKAT NELAYAN DESA WAELUMU KECAMATAN WANGI-WANGI KABUPATEN WAKATOBI (2003 - 2017)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Husna Husna ◽  
Dade Prat Untarti
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
The State ◽  
Fishing Gear ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Fishing Community ◽  
Tree Roots ◽  
Source Criticism ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Traditional Fishing

ABSTRAK: Permasalahan yang menjadi acuan dalam penelitian ini adalah: (1) Bagaimana sistem penangkapan ikan ramah lingkungan pada masyarakat nelayan desa waelumu Kecamatan Wangi-Wangi Kabupaten Wakatobi? (2) Apa saja alat-alat yang digunakan dalam penangkapan ikan ramah lingkungan pada masyarakat nelayan desa waelumu Kecamatan Wangi-Wangi Kabupaten Wakatobi (2003- 2017)? (3) Bagaimana perubahan penangkapan ikan ramah lingkungan pada masyarakat nelayan desa Waelumu Kecamatan Wangi-Wangi Kabupaten Wakatobi (2003-2017)? Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode sejarah yang terdiri dari (1) Heuristik, (2) Kritik Sumber, (3) Historiografi. Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa masyarakat nelayan desa Waelumu, meskipun rata-rata mata pencahariannya adalah sebagai nelayan dan masih memiliki alat tangkap ikan yang sifatnya tradisional. Akan tetapi alat-alat penangkapan ikan yang mereka gunakan adalah benar-benar ramah lingkungan, sehingga dengan begitu keadaan lautnya tetap terjaga dan terlindung dari ancaman manusia yang tidak memiliki kesadaran akan hal itu. Dengan menggunakan alat tangkap ikan ramah lingkungan akan memiliki dampak positif terhadap kehidupan masyarakat nelayan desa Waelumu maupun kehidupan biota lautnya serta masyarakat nelayan desa Waelumu memiliki kesadaran tersendiri bahwa dengan tetap melestaikan lingkungan baik darat maupun laut akan tetap bersih, nyaman, dan tentram. Alat-alat penangkapan ikan ramah lingkungan pada masyarakat nelayan desa Waelumu (2003-2017) antara lain: (a) Mata Pancing, (b) Jaring, (c) Tombak, (d) Panah, (e) Tofole (akar pohon), dan (f) Bubu. Kata Kunci: Sejarah, Tradisi Kampua, Masyarakat Muna ABSTRACT: The problems that become the reference in this study are: (1) How is the environmentally friendly fishing system in the fishing community of Waelumu Village, Wangi-Wangi District, Wakatobi Regency? (2) What are the tools used in environmentally friendly fishing in the fishing community of Waelumu Village, Wangi-Wangi District, Wakatobi District (2003-2017)? (3) How is the change in environmentally friendly fishing in the fishing community of Waelumu village, Wangi-Wangi District, Wakatobi Regency (2003-2017)? The method used in this study is a historical method consisting of (1) Heuristics, (2) Source Criticism, (3) Historiography. This research shows that the fishing community of Waelumu village, although the average livelihood is as a fisherman and still has traditional fishing gear. However, the fishing equipment they use are truly environmentally friendly, so that the state of the sea is maintained and protected from the threat of humans who have no awareness of it. Using environmentally friendly fishing gear will have a positive impact on the life of the Waelumu fishing community and the lives of its marine biota and the fishing community of the Waelumu village have their own awareness that by preserving the environment both land and sea will remain clean, comfortable, and peaceful. Environmentally friendly fishing gear in the fishing community of Waelumu village (2003-2017) include: (a) the hook, (b) Nets, (c) Spears, (d) Arrows, (e) Tofole (tree roots), and (f) the Trap. Keywords: History, Kampua Traditions, Muna Communities

Hikayat Susunan Kuning dalam Negeri Gagelang: Sebuah Tinjauan Historiografi

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Dwi Puji Rahayu ◽  
Asep Yudha Wirajaya
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Historical Texts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dutch Colonial

This study aims to present a historiographic review of the text of the Yellow Tale in the State of Gagelang (hereinafter abbreviated as HSK). This research uses the historical method. The steps used in this study are (1) heuristics; (2) criticism; and (3) historiography. The results of research on this study are known that (1) In the text HSK tells about Sunan Kuning to his descendants and various conflicts in it; (2) The history of the tumult not only describes the conflict between Java and China, but also indicates the interference of the Dutch colonial involvement in it; (3) The relevance between the HSK text and the history of Pacer commotion. The relevance is illustrated by the existence of relevant and interrelated events between the HSK text and the history of Pacer commotion. During this time, the discourse that continues to be "echoed" by the colonial side is the commotion of Chinatown is a dark history for humanity in the archipelago. In fact, the discourse continues to be reproduced when various riots erupted in the country. The discourse that is raised is always based on ethnicity, religion, race, and intergroup. Thus, the presence of the HSK text is an important witness for the history of humanity on earth in the archipelago. In addition, HSK also uses the background of the banner story. It shows that history is not always written by "winners". Because the banner story is a folklore that is so closely related to the life of the Indonesian people. Therefore, a comprehensive and integral study of HSK and other historical texts is absolutely necessary to be carried out in order to reveal the true historical facts. So, Indonesian people can re-recognize the history of their ancestors, both through colonial sources and from the perspective of the nation's own historiography.

Features of the legal status of subjects of Civil Law

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-188
Author(s):  
Iryna I. Banasevych ◽  
Ruslana M. Heints ◽  
Mariia V. Lohvinova ◽  
Oksana S. Oliinyk
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Roman Law ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Legal Entities

Theoretical and applied research of the features of the legal status of the subjects of civil law remains debatable today. Doctrinal and legislative analysis of this subject points to unresolved issues in this area. In particular, the provision on defining the state as a party to civil law remains controversial. There is no consensus on the definition of individuals and legal entities as subjects of civil law among scholars. Furthermore, the legal regulation of certain types of entities is somewhat unsystematic and chaotic. This is largely due to the insufficient development of theoretical issues related to the subjects of civil law. The above issues determine the relevance of the study of the features of the legal status of subjects of civil law. The purpose of the study is to investigate the features of the legal status of subjects of civil law based on doctrinal and legislative analysis. The study is based on a systematic approach, which lies in studying a complex system of relationships between subjects of civil law. Furthermore, the study is based on the laws and principles of dialectics, which contribute to the study of the legal status of the subjects of civil law. Systemic and structural-functional analysis was used to comprehensively describe the legal status of subjects of civil law. The historical method contributed to the study of the evolution of research on the subjects of civil law. The formal legal method helped identify the special features of the provisions of regulations concerning the subjects of civil law. With the help of the comparative legal method, the study analysed the provisions of the Civil Code of Ukraine in terms of regulation of subjects of civil law and such regulation was compared with other countries. The study defined the concepts and types of subjects of civil law and considered the features of the legal status of individuals, legal entities, as well as the state as a special participant of civil law. Special attention was paid to the historical analysis of the development of approaches to the definition of subjects of law, starting with Roman law

ADDITIONAL CONCLUSION ON A DISSERTATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-180
Author(s):  
А.V. Gabov
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Focus Of Attention ◽  
The State ◽  
State System ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Current Regulation ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The Right ◽  
Academic Degrees

Introduction: the article deals with the legal phenomenon of an additional conclusion on a dissertation that rarely comes into the focus of attention of domestic researchers, which is regulated in the Regulations on Awarding Academic Degrees and the Regulations on the Council for the Defense of Dissertations for the Degree of Candidate of Science, for the Degree of Doctor of Science. The relevance of the issue is explained by the ongoing processes of transformation of all the main elements of the state system of scientific certification. Purpose: to show the main elements of this institute, the problems of its regulation, including in connection with the changes made to the state system of scientific certification by Federal Law of 23 May 2016 No. 148-FZ “On Amendments to Article 4 of the Federal Law ‘On Science and State Scientific and Technical Policy’” (hereinafter – Law No. 148-FZ), as well as the directions for improving legal regulation of this institute. Methods: system analysis, historical method. Results: the goals of the institute of additional conclusions on the dissertation are revealed; marked defects in the regulation of additional conclusion on the dissertation; given the significant changes in the state system of scientific attestation in connection with the receipt of a number of organizations right of self-awarding degrees, as well as the accumulated practice of application of this institute, the directions of its improvement are formulated. Conclusions: according to the author of the article, the institute of additional conclusion should not be abandoned, it may well be in demand in the future and in the activities of organizations, those who have received the right to independently award academic degrees. The current regulation of the institute of additional conclusion requires complete renovation.

Teaching the Future of Technology in the History Classroom: A Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Staley
Keyword(s):  
Incomplete Information ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Inquiry ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Research Seminar ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Right

This article will describe how historians can teach the future of technology. Historians need not alter their traditional methods of historical inquiry to teach the future, and indeed the history classroom is a natural site for foresight education. Historical inquiry begins with questions, and futuring similarly begins with asking the right questions. The historian seeks out evidence, and futurists as well identify drivers and blockers, considering how these drivers and blockers will interact with each other. In contrast to social scientists, historians work with imperfect or incomplete information, an apt description of the state of our evidence about the future. In a manner similar to historians, futurists interpret and draw inferences from evidence. After the research an analysis of the evidence is complete, the historian/futurist writes representations. This article will describe how I employed the historical method to teach the future of technology in a history research seminar, the results produced by the students, and ways that the study of the future can be situated in the history classroom.

scholarly journals Muslim Clergy vs. Authority in Contemporary Afghanistan: View from Uzbekistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 747-762
Author(s):  
Abdusamat Akhatovich Khaydarov
Keyword(s):  
Negotiation Process ◽  
The State ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Direct Inter ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Islamic Institutions

Significant geopolitical changes taking place in the modern world in recent decades urge us to take a fresh look at the role of Islam and the clergy in the political processes of a number of countries of the Muslim world. This perspective is especially relevant vis--vis Afghanistan where a fierce war is being waged under the slogans of Islam for more than four decades. The purpose of this research is an in-depth study of the relationship between the state and the Muslim clergy, Islamic institutions in the development of political processes in Afghanistan since the mid-70s of the last century. The article reflects shaping of the Islamic opposition and its efforts to stand up to innovations and reforms during attempts of the Soviet stile modernization in 1978-1992, and then the efforts to democratize Afghan society, undertaken in Afghanistan since the end of 2001 with the assistance of the international community. The work is based on the study of factual historical material, a chronicle of the events of the last decade and personal observations of the author during his work in Afghanistan during the mentioned period. Analytical materials published on the pages of English and Russian mass media were used. The methodological basis of this study is the comparative historical method; the article is based on the principles of historicism, reliability and scientific objectivity. The author concludes that the conflict is based on mistakes and underestimation by the state the role and influence of the Muslim clergy and Islamic institutions of the country. It has been noted that the recently reached US - Taliban agreements, as well as the assistance of such influential players as Russia, sparkle hope for the launch of a direct inter-Afghan negotiation process, which most likely will not be as simple but thorny.

scholarly journals Mahbub Djunaidi, Seniman Politik Nahdlatul Ulama (1960-1987)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-174
Author(s):  
Farhan Nugraha ◽  
Muhammad Fakhruddin ◽  
Humaidi Humaidi
Keyword(s):  
Political History ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Democracy ◽  
Source Criticism ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Organizational Experiences ◽  
Political Activist ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nahdlatul Ulama ◽  
The Ideal

Abstrak: Nahdlatul Ulama merupakan salah satu organisasi Islam terbesar di Indonesia. Organisasi ini lahir tentu dari para tokoh-tokoh besar yang menggawanginya, salah satunya Mahbud Djunaidi. Kemampuan politiknya diperoleh dari berbagai pengalaman organisasi dan kemampuan dalam kepenulisan. Adapun permasalahan yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini yaitu bagaimana riwayat politik Mahbub Djunaidi sebagai aktivis politik Nahdlatul Ulama pada tahun 1960-1987. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan perjalanan politik Mahbub Djunaidi (1960-1987). Berdasarkan permasalahan dan tujuan penelitian tersebut, maka metode yang digunakan adalah metode historis yang terdiri dari tahap heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi dan historiografi. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Mahbub Djunaidi memiliki konsep khittah plus. Demokrasi politik ala Mahbub Djunaidi adalah cita-cita demokrasi yang diperjuangkan melalui garis politik.Kata Kunci: Mahbub Djunaidi, Demokrasi Politik, Nahdlatul Ulama.Abstract: Nahdlatul Ulama is one of the largest Islamic organizations in Indonesia. This organization was born of course from the big figures who oversee it, one of them Mahbud Djunaidi. His political abilities are obtained from various organizational experiences and abilities in writing. The problem raised in this research is how the political history of Mahbub Djunaidi as a political activist of Nahdlatul Ulama in 1960-1987. Based on these problems, this study aims to describe the political journey of Mahbub Djunaidi (1960-1987). Based on the problems and objectives of the research, the method used is the historical method which consists of heuristics, source criticism, interpretation and historiography stages. The results of the study show that Mahbub Djunaidi has the concept of khittah plus. Political democracy in the style of Mahbub Djunaidi is the ideal of democracy which is fought for through political lines. Keywords: Mahbub Djunaidi, Political Democracy, Nahdlatul Ulama.

scholarly journals Relevansi Filsafat Dialektika Hegel pada Perang Diponegoro Tahun 1825-1830

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-158
Author(s):  
Mohamad Wildan Syamsu Dluha
Keyword(s):  
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel ◽  
Basic Sciences ◽  
Source Criticism ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Dialectical Philosophy ◽  
Asking Questions ◽  
Life Philosophy ◽  
Research Show

Abstrak: Filsafat merupakan sebuah ilmu yang sering kita dengar dan merupakan salah satu ilmu yang paling dasar dalam kehidupan. Filsafat adalah seni bertanya terhadap sesuatu di dalam hidup. Pertanyaan yang diajukan oleh filsafat itu unik karena tujuannya tidak untuk mendapat jawaban tetapi untuk dapat digali lagi pertanyaan lain dari persoalan yang ditanyakan. Pemikiran filsafat beragam salah satunya adalah Filsafat Dialektika yang dicetuskan oleh Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode historis yang terdiri dari tahapan heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi dan historiografi. Hasil penelitan menunjukkan bahwa perstiwa Perang Diponegoro memiliki relevansi dengan filsafat dialektika Hegel. Hal ini tercermin dari adanya unsur tesis, sintesis dan antitesi dalam peristiwa tersebut. Kepentingan yang diterapkan Belanda menimbulkan perlawanan kerajaan. Perlawanan tersebut merupakan respon rakyat terhadap kebijakan yang tidak tepat. Kondisi tersebut disebut tesis. Konflik ini melahirkan pula taktik strategi perlawanan yang kemudian disebut antitesis.Kata Kunci: Filsafat, Dialektika, Hegel, Perang Diponegoro.Abstract: Philosophy is a science that we often hear and is one of the most basic sciences in life. Philosophy is the art of asking questions in life. The question posed by philosophy is unique because the aim is not to get an answer but to be able to explore other questions from the problem being asked. Various philosophical thoughts, one of which is the Dialectical Philosophy which was initiated by Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel. This study uses a historical method consisting of heuristic stages, source criticism, interpretation and historiography. The results of the research show that the events of the Diponegoro War have relevance to Hegel's dialectical philosophy. This is reflected in the existence of thesis, synthesis and antithesis elements in the event. The interests of the Dutch led to royal resistance. The resistance is the people's response to inappropriate policies. This condition is called a thesis. This conflict also gave birth to a strategy of resistance tactics which was later called antithesis. KataKeywords: Philosophy, Dialectics, Hegel, Diponegoro War.

scholarly journals Tracing and Mapping of Cultural Reserves as a Source of Information for Historical Tourism in Langsa City

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1070-1080
Author(s):  
Bukhari Bukhari ◽  
Madhan Anis ◽  
Ramazan Ramazan
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Tourism Destination ◽  
Source Criticism ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Heritage Buildings ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
Cultural Heritage Objects ◽  
Source Of Information

Cultural heritage objects are evidence of historical heritage that is very useful in life, cultural heritage is also useful as a means of education as well as a historical tourism destination for the community. The purpose of this research is to find out historical heritage buildings in Langsa City, then to map the historical heritage buildings to be used as sources of information.The method in this study uses a historical method with stages namely the heuristic stage, the source criticism stage, the interpretation stage and the historiography stage. The result of the research is that there are five historical heritage buildings in Langsa City that have been designated as a Cultural Heritage with the Letter of the Mayor of Langsa in 2016. Then the mapping is carried out on the historical heritage which has been used as a source of information that is very helpful for local, regional, national and foreign tourists who visit Langsa City.

In Reply: Residency Training and Child Abuse

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 806-807
Author(s):  
HOWARD DUBOWITZ
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Residency Training ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
The State ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Initial Report ◽  
Pediatric Residents ◽  
Medical Opinion ◽  
The Family

Dr Johnson provides interesting data indicating the need for improved training in child maltreatment for pediatric residents. I agree with most of his suggestions and would like to make several additional observations. Even when pediatricians might see themselves in a screening role, it is apparent that a report of child abuse can have far-reaching ramifications, such as removal of the child from the family. Frequently, the state agencies involved in child protection give enormous weight to the medical opinion, perhaps too much at times, and so it becomes important that the initial report be reasonably justified.

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