scholarly journals POSSIBILITIES OF ACCELERATED SOWING OF AUTUMN CEREALS

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-15
Author(s):  
Gergely Tóth
Keyword(s):  
Soil Condition ◽  
Optimal Performance ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Sowing Depth ◽  
Autumn Period ◽  
Adequate Quality ◽  
Narrow Row

We examined the possibilities of accelerating sowing and its effect on accuracy with the help of 5 farmers in Hungary. Because there are a lot of work in the autumn period the speeding up of sowing is an important issue for optimal performance. Our objectives were in this experiment to show if there are any negative effects of speeding up the sowing of autumn cereals. In summary, it can be said that in the case of narrow row seed drills of different constructions and technologies, adequate quality can be achieved at increased speeds also in terms of sowing uniformity and sowing depth. Therefore, where it is necessary and the area and soil condition are suitable for it, it is worth speeding up the work in order to achieve the optimal sowing time.

scholarly journals Foliar Application: A Thriving and Flourishing Domain in Agriculture

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pushpa C Tomar
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Solution Condition

Foliar Application seems to be an upcoming and ongoing research area especially in the field of agriculture. This is been in practice in various parts of the world and proved its positive results in its field [1,2]. Foliar application can be explained as spraying the suitable fertilizer solution (condition is, that it should be water soluble) on the surface of the leaves of growing plants [3]. This practice not only saves quantity of fertilizer used but also improves the uptake of a particular micronutrient by the crops and boosts the yield too. Interaction between crop’s genetic potential and the environment in which it grows is detrimental for the yield of a crop [4]. Soil application of nitrogen is a conventional method to supply nitrogen to plants and for improvement in any field adhering to the old ways will not be a better option [4]. In some instances, the availability of urea becomes inadequate for the farmers at sowing time. In such situation the foliar application of plant nutrient is effective and economical for some crops [5]. It has been shown in some studies that uptake of micronutrients directly from plants is more rapid and quicker for better results in yields than soil application[1]. As mentioned above, that the fertilizer should be water soluble for foliar spray and moreover, it should also be noted that the particular crop plant also should be suitable for aerial spray. The best results of foliar application also depends on the soil condition as if soil conditions are unfavourable when micronutrients are needed, it may be desirable to make foliar applications of the plant nutrients

scholarly journals THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF DISPOSABLE DIAPERS WASTE AS PARTITION WALL PANEL IN BUILDING MATERIAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-152
Author(s):  
Muhammad Haikal Mohd Fodzi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Fundamental Property ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Partition Wall ◽  
Disposable Diapers ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Animal Habitat

In recent years, there have been an increasing of solid waste in Malaysia which gave negative effects towards the environments from various aspects such as human health, animal habitat, soil condition and space usage of landfill. This paper study the physical properties of disposable diapers waste which is one type of polymer as building materials. This waste is a fundamental property in reducing the cost effective materials, saving time and help increasing sustainability for the environment. The main objective of this study is to determine the density and porosity of the sample with the present of the disposable diapers waste. The presence of the waste as fillers in the mixture reduce the density of sample and create lightweight building materials.

Weed Interference Impacts and Yield Recovery after Four Years of Variable Crop Inputs in No-Till Barley and Canola

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Neil Harker ◽  
John T. O'Donovan ◽  
T. Kelly Turkington ◽  
Robert E. Blackshaw ◽  
Eric N. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Weed Biomass ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
No Till ◽  
Optimal Inputs ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Narrow Row

A 2-yr (2009 to 2010), no-till (direct-seeded) “follow-up” study was conducted at five western Canada sites to determine weed interference impacts and barley and canola yield recovery after 4 yr of variable crop inputs (seed, fertilizer, herbicide). During the initial period of the study (2005 to 2008), applying fertilizer in the absence of herbicides was often worse than applying no optimal inputs; in the former case, weed biomass levels were at the highest levels (2,788 to 4,294 kg ha−1), possibly due to better utilization of nutrients by the weeds than by the crops. After optimal inputs were restored (standard treatment), most barley and canola plots recovered to optimal yield levels after 1 yr. However, 4 yr with all optimal inputs but herbicides led to only 77% yield recovery for both crops. At most sites, when all inputs were restored for 2 yr, all plots yielded similarly to the standard treatment combination. Yield “recovery” occurred despite high weed biomass levels (> 4,000 kg ha−1) prior to the first recovery year and despite high wild oat seedbank levels (> 7,000 seeds m−2) at the end of the second recovery year. In relatively competitive narrow-row crops such as barley and canola, the negative effects of high soil weed seedbanks can be mitigated if growers facilitate healthy crop canopies with appropriate seed and fertilizer rates in combination with judicious herbicide applications to adequately manage recruited weeds.

Studies on soils condition on the area of the closed Babina mine in 2009-2019 using multispectral satellite images

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Buczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Multispectral Images ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Industrial History ◽  
Multispectral Satellite Images ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Trends ◽  
Sentinel 2

<p>Mining activity on the area of ​​the former open-pit and underground brown coal mine called Friendship of Nations - Shaft Babina, which is at this moment part of the UNESCO Geopark - the Muskau Arch, was finished in 1973 and reclamation works were started with a special dedication to the forestation. As a part of the reclamation works, a number of technical and biological operations were performed, the subjects were: adjustment of water conditions, relevant land forming, development of ​​the former mine area by plantings and improvement of soil condition. The last of mentioned factor is extremely significant element whose condition determines the proper growth of vegetation. Considering the mining-industrial history and current development of this area, it seems necessary to constantly monitor the components of the natural environment, in particular soils. Adequate and timely used remedies can limit the negative effects and degradation of flora. The purpose of this research was an analysis of the soils condition in 2009-2019 on the area of Babina mine on the basis of geological indices determined using multispectral images of Sentinel-2 and Landsat 5/8 satellite missions. The subjects of analysis were the following soil properties: humidity, overall condition, salinity, texture and chemical composition. It should be emphasized that the research was the first on this area in which remote sensing data was used. Obtained results allowed determining of the current condition of soils, describing their changes in the last 10 years and indicating spatial and temporal trends of changes in the future. In addition, the results of the analysis made it possible to identify areas that may still be under the influence of former mining activities that adversely affect the condition of soils.</p>

scholarly journals Effects of the environmental characters on germination properties of seeds of Thymus daenensis and T.vulgaris

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrab Yadegari
Keyword(s):  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Destructive Effect ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Planting Depth ◽  
Sowing Depth ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Upper Level ◽  
Germination Indices

This research was conducted to investigate the effects of salinity, temperature, pH and sowing depth on germination characters of two species of thyme in 2017. Two separate experiments with four replications using a randomized complete design were conducted in laboratory conditions. Treatments contained: a) fluctuating temperatures in a germinator 5/15, 10/20, 15/25, 15/30 and 20/3500C (day/night), b) concentrations of salinity by using solutions of 0, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160 and 320 mM NaCl, c) sowing depths of 0, 1.5, 3 and 6 cm, pH values of 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9. Results showed that the effects of different treatments were significant on germination percentage, germination rate and seed vigour. In most cases, upper concentrations of treatments had negative effects on germination indices. The emergence decreased with an increased concentration of salinity, planting depth and pH. In both species, the highest germination percentage (94%) was obtained in the combination treatment of 15/25C (day/night), 0 mM of NaCl, 1 cm of planting depth and pH=7. Germination was stopped in the combination of treatments of 35/20 (day/night), 320mM of NaCl, 6 cm of planting depth and pH=9. The combination of treatments in the upper level had a more inhibitory and destructive effect than single treatments.

scholarly journals Comparison of Stream Characteristics of Forested Subwatershed and Deforested Watershed in Mangunan Area, DIY

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Sudarmadji
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Time Base ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Hydrological System ◽  
The One ◽  
Different Characteristics

Land use changes from forested  into unforest catchment result negative effects to the environment, including to the hydrological and soil condition of the area. To improve the hydrological and soil conditions serious attemps are required, and they take a long period to realize. The Mangunan Girirejo area (which is located in the Bantul regency, Yogyakarta Special Province) is one of pilot projects managed by the Gadjah Mada University. Among it’s activities the project tried to improve critical land by reforesting the area with  some kinds of plant. From the hydrological points of view this attemps should be evaluated, by comparing runoff from two adjacent catchments having similar conditions expect those on the land use. One of them is forested catchment, while the other is unforest catchment. The study  was conducted in the Mangunan Girirejo area using two small subcatchments. The forested subccatchment used for the study having an area 2.225 hectares. The forested subcatchment in now mostly covered by the pinus mercusii, acacia auliculiformis and malaleuca leucacendra, while the unforested subcatchment is used for the dry field ultivation, and dominantly casava, beam, and corn were planted in the subcatchment. About three month was needed for observing hydrological parameters (from January to March 1993). During the research some hydrological component such as rainfall, overlandflow, seepages, and runoff were observed. Rainfall in the study area generally  having less than 100 mm depth, falling in shorter than 4 hours duration. As an input in the hydrological system of the subcatchment, the rainfall did not always result runoff. In the forested subcatchment rainfall did not always result runoff. In the forested subcatchment rainfall higher than 10 mm depth result runoff, while in the unforested subcatchment the 5 mm rainfall is concidered as minimum rainfall to result runoff. The runoff hydrolographs of the two subcatchment having different characteristics. Although they have quick rise, the time of rise in the unforested subcatchment is shorter that those to the forested subcatchment. The hydrographs of the forested subcatchment have lower peaks than the unforested subcatchment, however the time base of hydrographs in the unforested subcatchment are longer. Chemical substances those which dominated the rock forming minerals (Ca, Mg, Na, K, HCO3, SO4, and SiO2) significantly increased from rainfall to runoff. The highest concentration found in the surface runoffand seepages. However if the one compared the concentration of the chemicals in the water originated from forestsed and underforested watershed he may say that the concentration of the chemical in water from unforested subcatchment is generaly higher than those from the forested subcatchment is generaly higher than those from the forested subcatchment. Runoff draining from unforested subcatchment having a higher SO4 and PO4 concentration sompared to those originated from forested subcatchment. The high concentration of the substances may bee caused by use of fertilizer by farmers in the unforested subcatchment.

scholarly journals CULTIVATION OF CORN UNDER SALINE SOIL RECLAMATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
Chingizkhon Vali ugli Toshpulatov ◽  
Botir Burievich Tukhtashev ◽  
Ikrom Abdukarimovich Rakhmonov ◽  
Bakhodir Toshboevich Mavlonov
Keyword(s):  
Saline Soil ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Salt Resistance ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soil Reclamation ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
Saline Medium

To cultivate field crops and increasing their salinity resistance under saline soil condition has become the prior issue. It is important to study the technology of care for each field crop based on the specific soil and climatic conditions. It is very essential to study the advanced technologies to increase the salinity of corn in these soils. In the condition of less saline soils, the green mass of the produced corn was 669.9 c/ha and dry mass constituted 169.6 c/ha while was in average saline soil this indicates were 312.7 c/ha and 95.00 c/ha relatively. Under strong saline soil condition initially 3-4 pieces of corn sprouted per sq. m. and subsequently died of salt exposure. KEYWORDS: corn, less saline, medium saline, salt resistance, sowing time, dense of seedling, green mass, irrigation dynamics.

Effect of cultivar and temperature on the coleoptile length and establishment of barley

1987 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 313 ◽  
Author(s):  
BJ Radford
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Seed Selection ◽  
Laboratory Measurements ◽  
Coleoptile Length ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Sowing Depth ◽  
Cultivar Selection ◽  
Temperature Interaction ◽  
Selection Of

Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the effects of 7 cultivars and 8 constant temperatures on the coleoptile length of barley seedlings grown in darkness. A field experiment was used to determine correlations between laboratory measurements on seed (coleoptile length, germination and weight) and barley establishment after deep sowing (at 80 and 110 mm). Cultivar and temperature both affected coleoptile length. Cultivars in order of coleoptile length were Orge Saida > Prior > Clipper > Schooner, Grimmett >Grit > Lada. Coleoptiles were longest (61-106 mm) at 10-20�C and shortest (28-36 mm) at 35-40�C. The cultivar x temperature interaction was significant (P<0.01), differences in coleoptile length among cultivars being greatest at low temperatures. Laboratory germination gave the best prediction of barley establishment for the sowing depth of 80 mm (adjusted R2 = 0.47), and coleoptile length and seed weight the best predictions for the sowing depth of 110 mm (adjusted R2 = 0.93 and 0.83 respectively). Strategies for improving barley establishment from deep sowings include cultivar selection, seed selection, selection of sowing time to suit seedbed temperatures and the use of seeding machinery which forms furrows directly over rows of deeply sown seed.

Undesirable Effects of Goal Setting on Perceived Fairness, Commitment, and Unethical Behavior

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Keith
Keyword(s):  
Goal Setting ◽  
Unethical Behavior ◽  
The United States ◽  
Goal Commitment ◽  
Management Technique ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Perceived Fairness ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
And Performance

Abstract. The positive effects of goal setting on motivation and performance are among the most established findings of industrial–organizational psychology. Accordingly, goal setting is a common management technique. Lately, however, potential negative effects of goal-setting, for example, on unethical behavior, are increasingly being discussed. This research replicates and extends a laboratory experiment conducted in the United States. In one of three goal conditions (do-your-best goals, consistently high goals, increasingly high goals), 101 participants worked on a search task in five rounds. Half of them (transparency yes/no) were informed at the outset about goal development. We did not find the expected effects on unethical behavior but medium-to-large effects on subjective variables: Perceived fairness of goals and goal commitment were least favorable in the increasing-goal condition, particularly in later goal rounds. Results indicate that when designing goal-setting interventions, organizations may consider potential undesirable long-term effects.

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