DETERMINATION OF THE EFFECT OF HEAVY METALS IN HONEY ON ITS ORGANOLEPTIC AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Z. N. Menshikova ◽  
◽  
V. A. Tolmacheva ◽  
D. V. Volodko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Motor Fuel ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
The Body ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Lead And Cadmium

The deterioration of the ecological situation in Russia and the contamination of environmental objects with various chemical compounds pose a growing threat to human and animal health and the state of the environment. Bee products can carry a potential threat to human health, as bees are in constant and direct contact with the environment. The article presents the results of a study of honey for heavy metals - lead and cadmium. The dependence of the amount of lead in honey from road traffic of highways in the flying radius of bees has been revealed. The direct dependence of the presence of lead in honey, pollution by its exhaust gases of cars from automobile traffic of a highway in the flying radius of bees is proved. A technique has been developed for determining the load of vehicles in the area, expressed in the release of lead into the atmosphere from combustible motor fuel. The organoleptic and physicochemical properties of the honey are determined. The article presents data that proves that the content of heavy metals in honey does not affect its organoleptic and physicochemical properties, but represents a real danger for human health, because heavy metals are cumulated in the body.

Polymorphism of p-450 cytochrome detoxication genes in adolescents depending on the degree of contamination of the organism by heavy metals

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 478-482
Author(s):  
N. P. Setko ◽  
A. G. Setko ◽  
Ekaterina V. Bulycheva ◽  
A. V. Tyurin ◽  
E. Yu. Kalinina
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Cyp2b6 Gene ◽  
Cytochrome P 450 ◽  
Gene Cyp1a1 ◽  
Group 1

Introduction. Changes in the body of children and adolescents aimed at adapting to environmental factors are determined by genetic polymorphism in xenobiotic biotransformation genes, determining the degree of susceptibility of the child’s body to pollutants, which is the basis of modern personalized preventive medicine when managing risks to the health of the child population under the influence of environmental factors. Material and methods. Trace elements, including heavy metals, lead and cadmium, were determined in the hair of 256 practically healthy teenagers by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Depending on the level of content of the latter, two groups of adolescents were formed to determine six genes of the cytochrome P-450 family. Group 1 consisted of adolescents whose cadmium lead content exceeded the average Russian indices. The second group included adolescents whose heavy metals were above the level of average Russian standards. Results. Studies have shown that in adolescents of the 1st group, compared with the data of adolescents of the 2nd group, an increase in the number of carriers of two mutant alleles at the locus rs 1048943 (gene CYP1A1) is 3.08 times, rs 464621 (gene CYP1A1) is 1. 8 times; locus rs 2069522 (CYP1A2 gene) 3.63 times; locus rs 1799853 (CYP2C9 * 2 gene) 4.5 times; locus rs 1057910 (gene CYP2C9 * 3) 3.8 times and locus rs 2279343 (gene CYP2B6) 4.25 times. Moreover, carriers of two normal alleles in adolescents of the first group at the locus rs 1048943 (gene CYP1A1) were 5.14 times; locus rs 2279343 (CYP2B6 gene) was 6.5 fold less than among adolescents of the 2nd group; and at the locus rs 464621 (gene CYP1A1), rs 2069522 (gene CYP1A2), rs 1799853 (gene CYP2C9 * 2), rs 1057910 (gene CYP2C9 * 3) there were no carriers of normal homozygotes. Conclusion. Group 1 adolescents with heavy metal contamination of the body are carriers significantly in a greater number of pathological mutations in the genes of the cytochrome P-450 detoxification system in comparison with data from group 2 adolescents.

Determination of Some Heavy Metals in Milk of Cow Grazing At Selected Areas, of Kaduna Metropolis

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmud Mohammed Imam ◽  
Zahra Muhammad ◽  
Amina Zakari
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
Research Work ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Scientific Model ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Digestion Technique

In this research work the concentration of zinc, copper, lead, chromium, cadmium, and nickel in cow milk samples obtained from four different grazing areas   (kakuri, kudendan, malali, kawo) of Kaduna metropolis. The samples were digested by wet digestion technique .The trace element were determined using bulk scientific model VPG 210 model  Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS).. The concentration of the determined heavy metal were The result revealed that Cr,  Ni and Cd were not detected in milk samples from Kawo, Malali  and Kudendan whereas lead (Pb) is detected in all samples and found to be above  the stipulated limits of recommended dietary allowance (NRC,1989) given as 0.02mg/day. Cu and Zn are essential elements needed by the body for proper metabolism and as such their deficiency or excess is very dangerous for human health. However, they were found in all samples and are within the recommended limits while Cd (2.13 – 3.15 mg/kg) in milk samples from Kakuri was found to be above such limit (0.5mg/day). Cow milk samples analyzed for heavy metals in this research work pose a threat of lead and cadmium toxicity due to their exposure to direct sources of air, water and plants in these grazing areas, thereby, resulting to a potential health risk to the consumers.

scholarly journals Influence of triclosan biocide on human health and environment and justification of the necessity to optimise regulatory measures for its use

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
G.M. Balan ◽  
S.D. Kolesnyk ◽  
P.G. Zhminko ◽  
N.M. Bubalo ◽  
V.A. Babych
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Endocrine Disruptor ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
The Body ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Metabolic Transformation ◽  
Regulatory Measures ◽  
Beauty Products

Objective is to summarise current literature data on the adverse effects of triclosan (TCS) biocide on human and animal health and potential risk for the development of endocrine-disruptor effects forjustification of the necessity to improve regulatory measures for its use in consumer products. Material and Methods. Analysis of literature data on the ways of influence of metabolic transformation in the body and toxicokinetics of TCS, its influence on human health and environment was performed. Targets and biomarkers of TCS exposure, its toxic properties and potential risk for the formation of endocrine-disruptor effects were described. Results. Necessity to optimise regulatory measures for the use of TCS in the personal hygienic means, general and curative beauty products, woven fabric for bedlinen and underwear, etc. has been justified. Key Words: triclosan biocide, toxic properties, endocrine-disruptor effects, regulatory measures.

scholarly journals Use of water-alcohols treatment of medicinal plants under conditions modeling intoxication by lead and cadmium

2021 ◽  
pp. 80-88
Author(s):  
Yu. I. Koval ◽  
T. I. Bokova ◽  
A. F. Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Water Alcohol

The results of studying the effects of water-alcohol infusions of medicinal plants - rhizomes of thick-leafed incense (Bergenia crasslifolia L. Fritsch), dioica nettle leaves (Urtica dioca L.), burdock roots (Arctium lappa L.), and mother-and-leaf leaves - are presented. ordinary machichi (Tussilago farfara L.) on the organism of laboratory rats under conditions of short-term intoxication with heavy metals in doses of 25 mg of lead and 2.5 mg of cadmium per 1 kg of live weight. In the course of studies it was found that the effect of heavy metals on the body of laboratory animals is selective - the main “depot” of lead was bone tissue, and cadmium - the kidneys and liver. The addition of 1 ml of water-alcohol infusions from medicinal raw materials to the diet of rats as detoxicants caused a decrease in the level of lead in the animal organism to 6.32 times, cadmium to 3.46 times. The greatest detoxification ability was shown by infusions of the roots of burdock and leaves of nettle dioecious. Under the influence of elevated doses of lead and cadmium in laboratory animals there was an increase in heart mass by 40.34 % and spleen by 89.91 %, a decrease in the content of alkaline phosphatase in blood serum by 25.81 %. Water-alcohol infusions normalized the biochemical parameters of rat blood serum. Studies have shown that the infusions of rhizomes of thick-leafed frangipani, burdock roots, dioecious nettles and coltsfoot leaves with antioxidant properties can be the basis for the development of an effective herbal preparation used for the prevention and treatment of animals from intoxication with salts of heavy metals.

The Research Progress of Heavy Metals in PM2.5

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 1397-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Na Shi ◽  
Xun Xu ◽  
Xiao Yan Dou ◽  
Xu Dong Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Chemical Form ◽  
The Body ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Depth Study

PM2.5 is one of the most important components in air pollution. It is also the focus of the most closely watched at home and abroad. Based on its small size, complex components, and strongenvironmental activity, it can be used as a carrier for chemicals, heavy metals, bacteria, toxins and carcinogens into the body. Then, as a result, it will affect Human Body Health. Heavy metals are important components of PM2.5, and the long-term accumulation of heavy metals in PM2.5 poses a great threat on human health and the environment. This paper reviewed the sources, distribution methods,chemical form, detection methods, disposal way, research progress of heavy metals in PM2.5. As a result, it provided a reference for in-depth study on the future.

scholarly journals Effect of Diatomite on the Accumulation of Lead and Cadmium in the Body of White Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00144
Author(s):  
Vasily I. Dorozhkin ◽  
Natalia A. Brichko ◽  
Natalia S. Pavlova ◽  
Galina I. Pavlenko
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Cadmium Accumulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Accumulation Of Metals ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

Every year, pollution by eco-toxicants of natural and anthropogenic origin is becoming more and more acute. Some of the most toxic among them are heavy metals, especially cadmium and lead. These elements do not decompose. Once released into the environment, these elements continue to circulate in water, soil, and air for a very long time, accumulating in plants and livestock products. Therefore, there is a problem of obtaining safe agricultural products in areas contaminated with heavy metals. In animal husbandry, synthetic and natural enterosorbents are used for obtaining safe products. For example, such enterosorbents are shungites, bentonites, diatomites, clays. We tested diatomite from the Kamyshlovskoye deposit at a dose of 5.0 g/kg of feed to reduce cadmium accumulation and lead during their combined intake. We investigated the feed intake of a combination of cadmium and lead at doses of 5.0 and 50.0 mg/kg feed. The result of this experiment is the accumulation of metals in the liver, kidneys, and bones, and, in addition, in the testes. The use of diatomite to reduce the accumulation of heavy metals has not been successful. There is an increase in lead accumulation in the liver, kidneys, and testes. The content of cadmium in diatomite is 3.86 ± 0.20 mg/kg, lead – 105.0 ± 7.2 mg/kg. The results obtained indicate that diatomite as a feed additive to reduce lead and cadmium intoxication did not show protective properties.

Application of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) for Remediation of Emerging Pollutants - A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Jia Hui Chung ◽  
Nur Hasyimah ◽  
Norelyza Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
The Body ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Wide Range

Nanotechnology is currently an upward trend in diverse fields, and therefore, its application will be reviewed in this paper. One of the nanotechnologies which can be used in environmental remediation is carbon nanotube (CNT). Its excellent mechanical and chemical properties allow it to have better achievement in remediating a wide range of organic and inorganic pollutants. CNT can be categorized into two types: single-walled carbon nanotube and multi-walled carbon nanotube. Due to urbanization, various types of pollutants have been released into the environment in great amounts. For instance, estrogen is the hormone generated and released from animals and humans. However, the overconcentration of estrogen affects the physiology of biological life. Besides, pesticides are frequently used by farmers to increase the fertility of the land for agricultural purposes, while heavy metals are commonly found during anthropogenic activities. Long-term absorption of heavy metals into the body tissues will accumulate toxic effects, leading to body system dysfunction. Hence, CNT technologies, including adsorption, membrane filtration, disinfection, hybrid catalysis, and sensing and monitoring, can be applied to remediate these pollutants. However, the application of nanotechnology and CNT faces several challenges, such as production costs, toxicity, ecological risks, and public acceptance. Application of CNT also has pros and cons, such that the lightweight of the CNT allows them to replace metallic wires, but dealing with nano-sized components makes it challenging.

104 Epigenetic Changes Due to Environmental Toxicants: An Animal Health Concern

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 54-54
Author(s):  
Cheryl S Rosenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Steroid Receptors ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Environmental Toxicants ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
Developmental Exposure

Abstract Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) mimic natural hormones in the body, but they are not subject to normal homeostatic regulatory mechanisms. One such EDC that is particularly important in animal and human health is bisphenol A (BPA) that is an industrial chemical used to harden plastic, and thus, it is prevalent in many common household items. Notably, BPA, and likely other EDCs, persist in the environment. Besides binding to steroid and non-steroid receptors, BPA and other EDCs may induce epigenetic changes directly or by affecting gut bacteria that can promote such host changes. The objective of current studies was to determine whether developmental exposure to BPA and/or genistein, a phytoestrogen, induce persistent epigenetic and transcriptomic changes in various brain regions and the placenta. Additionally, the ability of these chemicals to alter gut microbiota and gut metabolites that may trigger such epigenetic alterations were investigated. Animal models used to examine for such effects included California mice (Peromyscus californicus), deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus), laboratory mice (Mus musculus), and eastern painted turtles (Chrysemys picta). To link these ‘omics changes to actual phenotypic modifications, several behavioral domains were assessed in these species following developmental exposure to these compounds. Results across taxa clearly show that BPA and genistein leads to behavioral deficits, including cognitive and social impairments, anxiogenic behaviors, and reduced voluntary physical activity. Correspondingly, both chemicals transformed the epigenome and transcriptome in key brain regions and the placenta. Gut dysbiosis and stimulation of harmful bacterial metabolites ensued following early EDC exposure, and such effects persisted through adulthood. By using a one health medicine approached that evaluated various vertebrate animal species, there is solid evidence that perinatal exposure to BPA and genistein reprograms the epigenome and thereby lead to longstanding health consequences. Such findings have important veterinary and human health ramifications.

scholarly journals Studies on some heavy metal contents of ximenia americana and sclerocarya birrea wild fruit from North-Eastern Nigeria.

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.A Maspalma ◽  
U.A Maryam ◽  
M.B. Hamid ◽  
K.S Hamman ◽  
S.P Artimas
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Sclerocarya Birrea ◽  
Wild Fruits ◽  
Wild Fruit ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Ximenia Americana ◽  
High Concentrations

Fruits play important role in providing the individuals daily dietary needs from vitamins, iron, and some metals that are needed in the body as dietary supplement or as an important element that form some hormones or enzymes in small concentrations, if exists in high concentrations become toxic with side effects. The presence of heavy metals such as of Fe, Cd, Pb, Cr, Mn, Ni, Co, and Zn in Ximenia americana and sclerocarya birrea wild fruits were determined using standard methods such as AAS. Results obtained from this study revealed that the concentration of the metals in sclerocarya birrea was Iron, (8.83 ± 0.10) Cadmium (0.01 ± 0.00) Lead (0.04 ± 0.02) Chromium (0.19±0.10) Manganese (4.27 ± 0.20) Nickel (0.21 ±0.10) Cobalt (0.09 ±0.01) and Zinc (2.96 ± 0.02) mg/g. On the other hand, Ximenia americana content was Iron, (6.37 ± 0.10) Cadmium (0.02 ± 0.01) Lead (0.01 ± 0.00) Chromium (0.24±0.01) Manganese (2.50 ± 0.10) Nickel (0.29 ±0.10) Cobalt (0.17 ±0.00) and Zinc (2.31 ± 0.06) mg/g respectively. Highest concentration of Iron was recorded as (8.83 ± 0.10) mg/g in the sclerocarya birrea sample analyzed, while Lead and Cadmium were found to be the least with concentration of (0.01 ±0.00) mg/g in both samples. Their concentrations are within the maximum allowable concentration (MAC) set by FAO/WHO. The findings of this study reveal that there are no health risks associated with the consumption of heavy metals through the intake of these two fruits.

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL BLOOD COMPOSITION IN FATTENING STEERS INDUSTRIAL AREA BY THE FEEDING OF THE ADSORBENT AND ENZYME PREPARATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 118-123
Author(s):  
C. R. Chamikoeva ◽  
P. B. Temiraev ◽  
R. S. Godgiev ◽  
V. V. Tedtova ◽  
L. V. Tsalieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Enzyme Preparation ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Zinc Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Enzyme Preparations ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Experimental Group

To reduce the risk of accumulation of heavy metals in the meat of fattened young cattle successfully used adsorbents that bind toxins and removed from the digestive tract. The detoxification effect of adsorbents increases with the skillful selection of enzyme preparations due to the synergy of action. The aim of the research is to study the effect of toxfin adsorbent and the enzyme preparation celloviridin G20x in the diets with high content of heavy metals on the morphological and biochemical composition of the blood of fattened bulls. According to the principle of pairs-analogues (taking into account the origin, sex, age, live weight) were formed 4 groups of 10 heads each. The research material is processed statistically using the software package «Microsoft Excel». In the composition of the winter diet of animals of all groups there was an excess of maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) in zinc level by 67.3-67.5 %, lead -by 63.4-64.6 % and cadmium - by 62.9-63.1 %, in the summer diet - by 66.4-66.6 %, 61.4-61.6 % and 60.6-60.8 %. This article presents experimental material showing that to optimize the morphological and biochemical composition of blood and increase the detoxification effect in the body of bulls on fattening should be in the diet with high levels of heavy metals together to introduce IEC celloviridin G20h at a dose of 70 g/t feed and adsorbent toxfin at a dose of 1 kg/t feed. At the same time, animals of the 3rd experimental group showed improvement of morphological and biochemical composition of blood and optimization of protective properties of their organism. The highest detoxification effect was obtained by co-feeding the tested drugs, so that in the blood of bulls of the 3 experimental group there was a significant (P<0.05) decrease in the concentration of zinc by 2.23 times, lead by 2.43 and cadmium by 3.00 times. At the same time, in no case in animals of the 3 experimental group in the blood there was no excess of MPC in terms of zinc, lead and cadmium.

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